Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.21685/2587-7704-2021-6-1-4
Il'ya V. Artemov, M. N. Konnov, Dmitriy V. Patunin
{"title":"Multichannel memory buffer model of the network switch","authors":"Il'ya V. Artemov, M. N. Konnov, Dmitriy V. Patunin","doi":"10.21685/2587-7704-2021-6-1-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21685/2587-7704-2021-6-1-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15735,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering and Technology","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74995118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.21685/2587-7704-2021-6-1-1
Viktoriya E. Bol'shakova, Il'nur N. Ryazyapov, Mikhail A. Nelyutskov
{"title":"Types of protective coatings to prevent radio-electronic equipment from external factors","authors":"Viktoriya E. Bol'shakova, Il'nur N. Ryazyapov, Mikhail A. Nelyutskov","doi":"10.21685/2587-7704-2021-6-1-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21685/2587-7704-2021-6-1-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15735,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering and Technology","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76226549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.21685/2587-7704-2021-6-2-2
A. Alimuradov
{"title":"Application of Teager energy operator for speech signal segmentation","authors":"A. Alimuradov","doi":"10.21685/2587-7704-2021-6-2-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21685/2587-7704-2021-6-2-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15735,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering and Technology","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81634910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.21685/2587-7704-2021-6-1-6
A. V. Rudin, Anna D. Semenova, I. Semenov
{"title":"Calculation of group velocity for light wave propagation in a gaseous environment with optoelectronic synchronizer ring technique","authors":"A. V. Rudin, Anna D. Semenova, I. Semenov","doi":"10.21685/2587-7704-2021-6-1-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21685/2587-7704-2021-6-1-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15735,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering and Technology","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77675174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.21685/2587-7704-2021-6-2-3
V. Kozlov
{"title":"Application and functional features of video surveillance system monitoring","authors":"V. Kozlov","doi":"10.21685/2587-7704-2021-6-2-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21685/2587-7704-2021-6-2-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15735,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering and Technology","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87257826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Currently, in Tanzania, fluoride removal from drinking water is treated mostly using the bone char method. The method has poor acceptability in some religious communities and also causes water quality deterioration in taste and odour if the bones are not properly prepared. The use of local natural adsorbents as an alternative is feasible with limitations of high levels of other impurities in treated water. Locally available gypsum, magnesite and bauxite were converted to adsorbents through calcination. The study was conducted to determine the removal efficiency, best calcination temperature and composite ratio of the three adsorbents for the removal of fluoride from natural drinking water with fluoride concentration as high as 16.7 mg/L. The adsorbent materials were calcined at different temperatures ranging between 350C and 600C. Batch experiments were performed and samples were collected at different contact time intervals of 2 minutes to 60 minutes, and residual fluoride was determined. Bauxite had the highest fluoride removal efficiency compared to gypsum and magnesite. The best calcination temperatures were 350C, 400C, 600C for gypsum, bauxite and magnesite, respectively. The best calcination temperatures were used to prepare composites at different ratios of 1:2:3, 2:3:1 and 3:2:1, bauxite: gypsum: magnesite respectively. All the ratios gave low sulphate and iron as impurities within the recommended standards. The composites lowered fluoride concentration level to 1.53 mg/L, 2.07 mg/L, 2.60 mg/L for 1:2:3, 2:3:1, 3:2:1 ratios, respectively. In conclusion the study reveals that, it is possible for composites made of adsorbent calcinated at different optimum temperatures to give good results in fluoride removal from drinking water, as well as standard pH, iron and sulphate values in treated water.
{"title":"Effects of Calcination Temperature of Naturally Occurring Absorbents on Drinking Water Defluoridation","authors":"Brenda A. Mndolwa, F. Mtalo","doi":"10.52339/TJET.V39I2.703","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52339/TJET.V39I2.703","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, in Tanzania, fluoride removal from drinking water is treated mostly using the bone char method. The method has poor acceptability in some religious communities and also causes water quality deterioration in taste and odour if the bones are not properly prepared. The use of local natural adsorbents as an alternative is feasible with limitations of high levels of other impurities in treated water. Locally available gypsum, magnesite and bauxite were converted to adsorbents through calcination. The study was conducted to determine the removal efficiency, best calcination temperature and composite ratio of the three adsorbents for the removal of fluoride from natural drinking water with fluoride concentration as high as 16.7 mg/L. The adsorbent materials were calcined at different temperatures ranging between 350C and 600C. Batch experiments were performed and samples were collected at different contact time intervals of 2 minutes to 60 minutes, and residual fluoride was determined. Bauxite had the highest fluoride removal efficiency compared to gypsum and magnesite. The best calcination temperatures were 350C, 400C, 600C for gypsum, bauxite and magnesite, respectively. The best calcination temperatures were used to prepare composites at different ratios of 1:2:3, 2:3:1 and 3:2:1, bauxite: gypsum: magnesite respectively. All the ratios gave low sulphate and iron as impurities within the recommended standards. The composites lowered fluoride concentration level to 1.53 mg/L, 2.07 mg/L, 2.60 mg/L for 1:2:3, 2:3:1, 3:2:1 ratios, respectively. In conclusion the study reveals that, it is possible for composites made of adsorbent calcinated at different optimum temperatures to give good results in fluoride removal from drinking water, as well as standard pH, iron and sulphate values in treated water.","PeriodicalId":15735,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering and Technology","volume":"158 1","pages":"165-176"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87962078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The effect of tractor forward travel speed and ridge height on the amount of fuel consumed by a tractor during ridging operation on a sandy loam soil in a humid tropical environment was investigated. The investigation was the Agricultural Development Programme farm at Rumuodumanya, Rivers State, Nigeria. The experimental plot of 160 by 32.5 m, totaling 5,200 m2, was divided into three major blocks; and further sub-divided into nine sub-plots, measuring 50 × 2 m each. An inter-subplot spacing of 2 m was provided along the longitudinal axis of the plots, to serve as channels for effective and efficient administration of field treatments. Field operations of making ridges of different heights were carried out with a two-row disc ridger mounted on a Swaraj 978 FE tractor. In situ values of soil moisture content and bulk density were determined and assumed constant for the duration of the study. In the process of the operation, the tractor forward travel speed, ridge width and height, ridging time and amount of fuel used during ridging operation were measured. The experimental data obtained was analyzed statistically using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), Coefficient of Variation (CV) and Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The analysis showed coefficients of determination R2 of 0.9499, 0.9112 and 0.9993 for speeds of 1.39, 1.94 and 2.50 m/s, respectively and R2 of 0.978, 0.9578 and 0.9997 for heights of 10, 20 and 30 cm, respectively. From the results of ANOVA and DMRT, there were significant differences at 95 and 99% confidence levels on the effect of speed, ridge height and their combination on the amount of fuel consumed by the tractor during ridging operation. Furthermore, a CV of 0.24% showed that experimental error was low and the investigation reliable. Therefore, tractor fuel consumption during ridging operation can be controlled and optimized by appropriate combinations of ridge height and speed of tractor. Key words: Tractor, fuel consumption, ridging speed, ridging height, sandy loam soil, tropical environment.
{"title":"Tractor fuel consumption dependence on speed and height of ridging on a sandy loam soil","authors":"A. H. Igoni, R. A. Ekemube, S. O. Nkakini","doi":"10.5897/JETR2019.0681","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/JETR2019.0681","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of tractor forward travel speed and ridge height on the amount of fuel consumed by a tractor during ridging operation on a sandy loam soil in a humid tropical environment was investigated. The investigation was the Agricultural Development Programme farm at Rumuodumanya, Rivers State, Nigeria. The experimental plot of 160 by 32.5 m, totaling 5,200 m2, was divided into three major blocks; and further sub-divided into nine sub-plots, measuring 50 × 2 m each. An inter-subplot spacing of 2 m was provided along the longitudinal axis of the plots, to serve as channels for effective and efficient administration of field treatments. Field operations of making ridges of different heights were carried out with a two-row disc ridger mounted on a Swaraj 978 FE tractor. In situ values of soil moisture content and bulk density were determined and assumed constant for the duration of the study. In the process of the operation, the tractor forward travel speed, ridge width and height, ridging time and amount of fuel used during ridging operation were measured. The experimental data obtained was analyzed statistically using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), Coefficient of Variation (CV) and Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The analysis showed coefficients of determination R2 of 0.9499, 0.9112 and 0.9993 for speeds of 1.39, 1.94 and 2.50 m/s, respectively and R2 of 0.978, 0.9578 and 0.9997 for heights of 10, 20 and 30 cm, respectively. From the results of ANOVA and DMRT, there were significant differences at 95 and 99% confidence levels on the effect of speed, ridge height and their combination on the amount of fuel consumed by the tractor during ridging operation. Furthermore, a CV of 0.24% showed that experimental error was low and the investigation reliable. Therefore, tractor fuel consumption during ridging operation can be controlled and optimized by appropriate combinations of ridge height and speed of tractor. \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Tractor, fuel consumption, ridging speed, ridging height, sandy loam soil, tropical environment.","PeriodicalId":15735,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering and Technology","volume":"493 1","pages":"47-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86797254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-31DOI: 10.11648/J.AJETM.20200506.11
Mohammad Azim Eirgash
Resource allocation and leveling in construction management projects have been an enthusiastic subject to plenty of researchers since the advancement of the scheduling techniques. Many researchers have studied various versions of the benchmark resource leveling and allocation optimization problems using various scheduling techniques. However, in this study, a straightforward scheduling technique called resource histogram is utilized to allocate and level the available resources. Moreover, the maximum number of resources at peak time is considered as a significant aspect of the case study. Since peak demand isn’t a preferred by the contractor. The effects of resources are also examined in order to demonstrate the variation of the total duration of the project which provides flexibility to decision-makers in making intelligent decisions regarding the use of the resources. Thereby, a construction project with seven activities taken from the technical literature is examined with constrained as well as unconstrained conditions using Microsoft Excel. However, task scheduling is performed using critical path method (CPM). The results indicate that limitation on resources significantly affect the performance and cause the project to be extended beyond the scheduled duration. Moreover, besides renewable, non-renewable resources (e.g., cost demand) may also be significant parameters and this extension can be considered in future research.
{"title":"Resource Allocation and Leveling in Construction Management Projects with Resource Histogram","authors":"Mohammad Azim Eirgash","doi":"10.11648/J.AJETM.20200506.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.AJETM.20200506.11","url":null,"abstract":"Resource allocation and leveling in construction management projects have been an enthusiastic subject to plenty of researchers since the advancement of the scheduling techniques. Many researchers have studied various versions of the benchmark resource leveling and allocation optimization problems using various scheduling techniques. However, in this study, a straightforward scheduling technique called resource histogram is utilized to allocate and level the available resources. Moreover, the maximum number of resources at peak time is considered as a significant aspect of the case study. Since peak demand isn’t a preferred by the contractor. The effects of resources are also examined in order to demonstrate the variation of the total duration of the project which provides flexibility to decision-makers in making intelligent decisions regarding the use of the resources. Thereby, a construction project with seven activities taken from the technical literature is examined with constrained as well as unconstrained conditions using Microsoft Excel. However, task scheduling is performed using critical path method (CPM). The results indicate that limitation on resources significantly affect the performance and cause the project to be extended beyond the scheduled duration. Moreover, besides renewable, non-renewable resources (e.g., cost demand) may also be significant parameters and this extension can be considered in future research.","PeriodicalId":15735,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering and Technology","volume":"32 4 1","pages":"91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79778141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-31DOI: 10.11648/J.AJETM.20200506.13
Jefirstson Richset Riwukore, F. Habaora, Yohanes Susanto, A. M. Fuah, R. Priyanto, L. Abdullah, A. Yani, B. P. Purwanto
Fritjof Capra introduces a new vision in seeing the reality through the discovery of holistic ecological truth that is linear in nature with the basics of holistic ontology pluralist-spiritualistic-organism and a basis epistemological of synthesis, interactive dialogue, and subject equality. Based on this, Capra explained that the balance between science and technology that is limited by moral values and religion will create ecological sustainability by itself, while the capitalist, materialistic, and hedonism perspective of humanity overrides spiritualism only as a pseudo science. This causes Capra's world view to appear in various fields as the wisdom of nature which is described as the ability of the planet's ecological ecosystems to organizing themselves in complex ways. This is seeing in the perspective of Capra, a science for sustainbale living which explained that science for the sustainability of life no need to create sustainable human society from zero, but can mimic natural ecosystems which are plant communities, animals and microorganisms that are sustainable. This condition explains that when there is a balance between the use of science and technology which is limited by aspects of conscience and religion (Yang) then sustainability automatically occurs. But due to the different perspectives that further increase environmental damage such as climate change, Capra offers the concept of ecoliteracy that guarantees a solid continuation of life together on planet Earth, namely: networks, cycles, solar energy, partnerships, diversity, and balance dynamic. Therefore, Capra offers a solution for solving climate change is eco-literacy which he calls spreading to various fields of science because it will develop into an ecodesign. The groups expected to understand ecoliteration in the face of environmental change (climate change) are politicians, business leaders, professionals at all levels, and educational institutions. This group, according to Capra, is a group of public or institutional policy makers and trusted input providers who have the real ability to create community impacts far ahead.
{"title":"Falsafah Science of Fritjof Capra in Handling the Environment Destruction","authors":"Jefirstson Richset Riwukore, F. Habaora, Yohanes Susanto, A. M. Fuah, R. Priyanto, L. Abdullah, A. Yani, B. P. Purwanto","doi":"10.11648/J.AJETM.20200506.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.AJETM.20200506.13","url":null,"abstract":"Fritjof Capra introduces a new vision in seeing the reality through the discovery of holistic ecological truth that is linear in nature with the basics of holistic ontology pluralist-spiritualistic-organism and a basis epistemological of synthesis, interactive dialogue, and subject equality. Based on this, Capra explained that the balance between science and technology that is limited by moral values and religion will create ecological sustainability by itself, while the capitalist, materialistic, and hedonism perspective of humanity overrides spiritualism only as a pseudo science. This causes Capra's world view to appear in various fields as the wisdom of nature which is described as the ability of the planet's ecological ecosystems to organizing themselves in complex ways. This is seeing in the perspective of Capra, a science for sustainbale living which explained that science for the sustainability of life no need to create sustainable human society from zero, but can mimic natural ecosystems which are plant communities, animals and microorganisms that are sustainable. This condition explains that when there is a balance between the use of science and technology which is limited by aspects of conscience and religion (Yang) then sustainability automatically occurs. But due to the different perspectives that further increase environmental damage such as climate change, Capra offers the concept of ecoliteracy that guarantees a solid continuation of life together on planet Earth, namely: networks, cycles, solar energy, partnerships, diversity, and balance dynamic. Therefore, Capra offers a solution for solving climate change is eco-literacy which he calls spreading to various fields of science because it will develop into an ecodesign. The groups expected to understand ecoliteration in the face of environmental change (climate change) are politicians, business leaders, professionals at all levels, and educational institutions. This group, according to Capra, is a group of public or institutional policy makers and trusted input providers who have the real ability to create community impacts far ahead.","PeriodicalId":15735,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering and Technology","volume":"60 1","pages":"103"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76923433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The fermentability of hydrolyzates derived from two-stage concentrated sulfuric acid hydrolysis of Trembling aspen (Populus tremula) and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) were investigated. Three types of hydrolyzates were produced at mild, moderate and high decrystallization severity conditions. Portions of each of the original hydrolyzates were concentrated by vacuum evaporation to increase the sugar fraction to simulate industrial applications. Both sets of hydrolyzates were fermented anaerobically using Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATCC 96581. After 23 hours of fermentation, complete glucose consumption was observed for all the original hydrolyzates, with no signs of inhibition. The ethanol yields from these hydrolyzates ranged from 68% to 90% of theoretical value. Fermentation of concentrated aspen hydrolyzates produced at mild or moderate decrystallization severity showed a significant lag phase, associated with relatively high furfural content in the samples (approximately 2 g/L). No lag phase was apparent for aspen produced at high decrystallization severity or pine hydrolyzates. However, furfural had no adverse effect on the maximum ethanol yield. No inhibitory effect of HMF, acetic acid, formic acid or levulinic acid was detected in the concentrated hydrolyzates due to the relatively low concentrations of these compounds. The ethanol yields from concentrated hydrolyzates were above 97% of theoretical with exception of pine hydrolyzate produced at high severity which had a fairy good yield of 87%. The quantitative analysis of inhibitors and the fermentability investigation showed that both the original and concentrated hydrolyzates from the concentrated sulfuric acid process were readily fermentable, and furfural was singled out as the most important inhibitor in these hydrolyzates.
{"title":"Fermentability of Concentrated Sulfuric acid Hydrolyzates from Aspenwood and Pinewood","authors":"Kando K. Janga, N. Dyrset, K. Øyaas, S. Moe","doi":"10.52339/TJET.V39I2.705","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52339/TJET.V39I2.705","url":null,"abstract":"The fermentability of hydrolyzates derived from two-stage concentrated sulfuric acid hydrolysis of Trembling aspen (Populus tremula) and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) were investigated. Three types of hydrolyzates were produced at mild, moderate and high decrystallization severity conditions. Portions of each of the original hydrolyzates were concentrated by vacuum evaporation to increase the sugar fraction to simulate industrial applications. Both sets of hydrolyzates were fermented anaerobically using Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATCC 96581. After 23 hours of fermentation, complete glucose consumption was observed for all the original hydrolyzates, with no signs of inhibition. The ethanol yields from these hydrolyzates ranged from 68% to 90% of theoretical value. Fermentation of concentrated aspen hydrolyzates produced at mild or moderate decrystallization severity showed a significant lag phase, associated with relatively high furfural content in the samples (approximately 2 g/L). No lag phase was apparent for aspen produced at high decrystallization severity or pine hydrolyzates. However, furfural had no adverse effect on the maximum ethanol yield. No inhibitory effect of HMF, acetic acid, formic acid or levulinic acid was detected in the concentrated hydrolyzates due to the relatively low concentrations of these compounds. The ethanol yields from concentrated hydrolyzates were above 97% of theoretical with exception of pine hydrolyzate produced at high severity which had a fairy good yield of 87%. The quantitative analysis of inhibitors and the fermentability investigation showed that both the original and concentrated hydrolyzates from the concentrated sulfuric acid process were readily fermentable, and furfural was singled out as the most important inhibitor in these hydrolyzates.","PeriodicalId":15735,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering and Technology","volume":"151 1","pages":"198-212"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77787961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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