Hye‐Sung Kim, Joon-Sik Moon, Jun-Young Jo, Chan-Geun Lee, Young‐Cheol Cho, S. Hong
Microplastics from sewage and wastewater treatment facilities can be discharged into rivers and oceans, and the treatment facilities themselves can be a point source of microplastic pollution. The microplastic detection status and methods were compared in Miwon, Cheongju, Jecheon, and Chungju sewage treatment facilities in Chungcheongbuk-do. Samples were collected from the inlet, filtration facility, and discharge of Miwon Sewage Treatment Facility, a Porous Substrate Bioreactor (PSBR) construction corporation. Additionally, the inlet, first settling tank, final settling tank and outlet samples were taken from three sewage treatment facilities (Cheongju, Jecheon, and Chungju), which use bioreactor transformation processes. In the results, raw water showed a range of 232-1,510 pieces/L, and effluent water showed a range of 0.7-6.7 pieces/L. All four sewage treatment facilities showed high treatment efficiency of 98.5-99.9%. The treatment processes showed high removal efficiency in the order of CNR (97.0%) > PSBR (95.9%) > NPR (91.5%) > SMART3 (70.3%). As a study was conducted on only one sewage treatment facility for each process, additional research is necessary.
{"title":"Occurrence and Removal of Microplastic in Sewage Treatment Facilities in Chungcheongbuk-do","authors":"Hye‐Sung Kim, Joon-Sik Moon, Jun-Young Jo, Chan-Geun Lee, Young‐Cheol Cho, S. Hong","doi":"10.36278/jeaht.26.1.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36278/jeaht.26.1.25","url":null,"abstract":"Microplastics from sewage and wastewater treatment facilities can be discharged into rivers and oceans, and the treatment facilities themselves can be a point source of microplastic pollution. The microplastic detection status and methods were compared in Miwon, Cheongju, Jecheon, and Chungju sewage treatment facilities in Chungcheongbuk-do. Samples were collected from the inlet, filtration facility, and discharge of Miwon Sewage Treatment Facility, a Porous Substrate Bioreactor (PSBR) construction corporation. Additionally, the inlet, first settling tank, final settling tank and outlet samples were taken from three sewage treatment facilities (Cheongju, Jecheon, and Chungju), which use bioreactor transformation processes. In the results, raw water showed a range of 232-1,510 pieces/L, and effluent water showed a range of 0.7-6.7 pieces/L. All four sewage treatment facilities showed high treatment efficiency of 98.5-99.9%. The treatment processes showed high removal efficiency in the order of CNR (97.0%) > PSBR (95.9%) > NPR (91.5%) > SMART3 (70.3%). As a study was conducted on only one sewage treatment facility for each process, additional research is necessary.","PeriodicalId":15758,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Analysis, Health and Toxicology","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80050568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Microplastics comprise plastic particles that are less than 5 mm in size. Owing to a significant increase in plastic production, micro plastics have become ubiquitous pollutants worldwide. Several studies have reported that microplastics are harmful to living organisms because they can adsorb contaminants from the environment due to their unique physicochemical properties. The adsorbed contaminants on microplastics can be released and accumulated in living organisms, thereby adversely affecting the health of humans and animals. Since existing water treatment technologies as stand-alone processes cannot achieve complete removal of microplastics, reliable methods must be developed. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are a promising approach for the chemical treatment of contaminants such as microplastics. These processes utilize highly reactive oxygen species (e.g., hydroxyl radicals, sulfate radicals, superoxide anions, and singlet oxygen) to decompose microplastics completely. However, at this stage, AOPs can partially degrade and/or alter surface chemistry of microplastics. Therefore, extensive effort must be made to further study AOPs for complete decomposition of microplastics.
{"title":"A Short Review on Recent Advanced Oxidation Technologies for Microplastics Degradation","authors":"","doi":"10.36278/jeaht.26.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36278/jeaht.26.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"Microplastics comprise plastic particles that are less than 5 mm in size. Owing to a significant increase in plastic production, micro plastics have become ubiquitous pollutants worldwide. Several studies have reported that microplastics are harmful to living organisms because they can adsorb contaminants from the environment due to their unique physicochemical properties. The adsorbed contaminants on microplastics can be released and accumulated in living organisms, thereby adversely affecting the health of humans and animals. Since existing water treatment technologies as stand-alone processes cannot achieve complete removal of microplastics, reliable methods must be developed. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are a promising approach for the chemical treatment of contaminants such as microplastics. These processes utilize highly reactive oxygen species (e.g., hydroxyl radicals, sulfate radicals, superoxide anions, and singlet oxygen) to decompose microplastics completely. However, at this stage, AOPs can partially degrade and/or alter surface chemistry of microplastics. Therefore, extensive effort must be made to further study AOPs for complete decomposition of microplastics.","PeriodicalId":15758,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Analysis, Health and Toxicology","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85005943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hyun-Soo Park, Yong-Won Han, Gil-young Oh, Eun-Ha Oh, Min-Young Kim, Hak-Rim Kim, H. Lim, Yong-Moon Jung, Yoon-Gyeong Cha, Duk-An Lee, Gwi-Nim Park, Ui-Joo Lee
The method detection limit (MDL) using UV-VIS spectrometry (UV/VIS) is the primary method to detect bromine compounds in the flue gas. However, the level of bromine compounds in the flue gas is 0.6 ppm, reaching 20% of the emission limit of 3.0 ppm, which limits the analysis of low-concentration samples. As per the United States Environmental Protection Agency and official test standards for water pollution, bromine compound analysis was performed using ion chromatography (IC). Hydrogen chloride was analyzed using IC, referencing official test standards for air pollution. Therefore, 0.1 M NaOH and distilled water (D.W.) were applied to the absorption solution of the IC analysis sample. Validation was conducted for IC (D.W.), IC (0.1 M NaOH), and UV/VIS (0.1 M NaOH) to improve the analysis method for bromine compounds in the flue gas. The linearity (R2) of the calibration curve for IC (D.W.) satisfied the R2 (0.98 or more) value calculated in the UV/VIS of the official test standards for air pollution. However, the R2 of UV/VIS (0.1 M NaOH) and IC (0.1 M NaOH) was not satisfied. In IC (D.W.) analysis results, the average values of MDL, MLQ (minimum level of quantification), accuracy and precision were 0.127 ppm, 0.403 ppm, 3.7%, and 102.9%, respectively. MDL and MLQ showed the lowest concentration compared to the other two methods, and had high accuracy and precision. Regarding the recovery rate by the absorbing liquid, IC (D.W.) was the highest at 93.55%, followed by UV/VIS (0.1 M NaOH) and IC (0.1 M NaOH). This study analyzed bromine compounds in flue gas with higher accuracy and precision using the IC (D.W.) method compared to IC (0.1 M NaOH) and UV/VIS (0.1 M NaOH).
紫外-可见光谱法(UV/VIS)的检测限(MDL)是检测烟气中溴化合物的主要方法。然而，烟气中溴化合物的含量为0.6 ppm，达到排放限值3.0 ppm的20%，这限制了对低浓度样品的分析。根据美国环境保护署和官方水污染测试标准，溴化合物分析采用离子色谱法(IC)进行。参照官方空气污染检测标准，采用集成电路对氯化氢进行了分析。因此，在IC分析样品的吸收溶液中加入0.1 M NaOH和蒸馏水(D.W.)。对IC (D.W.)、IC (0.1 M NaOH)和UV/VIS (0.1 M NaOH)进行了验证，以改进烟气中溴化合物的分析方法。IC (D.W.)校准曲线的线性(R2)满足官方空气污染检测标准中UV/VIS计算的R2(0.98或更高)值。然而，UV/VIS (0.1 M NaOH)和IC (0.1 M NaOH)的R2不令人满意。在IC (D.W.)分析结果中，MDL、MLQ(最低定量水平)、准确度和精密度的平均值分别为0.127 ppm、0.403 ppm、3.7%和102.9%。与其他两种方法相比，MDL和MLQ的浓度最低，准确度和精密度较高。吸收液的回收率以IC (D.W.)最高，为93.55%，其次为UV/VIS (0.1 M NaOH)和IC (0.1 M NaOH)。与IC法(0.1 M NaOH)和UV/VIS法(0.1 M NaOH)相比，本研究使用IC (D.W.)法分析烟气中的溴化合物具有更高的准确度和精密度。
{"title":"Improving the Method for Measuring Bromine Compounds in Flue Gas","authors":"Hyun-Soo Park, Yong-Won Han, Gil-young Oh, Eun-Ha Oh, Min-Young Kim, Hak-Rim Kim, H. Lim, Yong-Moon Jung, Yoon-Gyeong Cha, Duk-An Lee, Gwi-Nim Park, Ui-Joo Lee","doi":"10.36278/jeaht.26.1.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36278/jeaht.26.1.16","url":null,"abstract":"The method detection limit (MDL) using UV-VIS spectrometry (UV/VIS) is the primary method to detect bromine compounds in the flue gas. However, the level of bromine compounds in the flue gas is 0.6 ppm, reaching 20% of the emission limit of 3.0 ppm, which limits the analysis of low-concentration samples. As per the United States Environmental Protection Agency and official test standards for water pollution, bromine compound analysis was performed using ion chromatography (IC). Hydrogen chloride was analyzed using IC, referencing official test standards for air pollution. Therefore, 0.1 M NaOH and distilled water (D.W.) were applied to the absorption solution of the IC analysis sample. Validation was conducted for IC (D.W.), IC (0.1 M NaOH), and UV/VIS (0.1 M NaOH) to improve the analysis method for bromine compounds in the flue gas. The linearity (R2) of the calibration curve for IC (D.W.) satisfied the R2 (0.98 or more) value calculated in the UV/VIS of the official test standards for air pollution. However, the R2 of UV/VIS (0.1 M NaOH) and IC (0.1 M NaOH) was not satisfied. In IC (D.W.) analysis results, the average values of MDL, MLQ (minimum level of quantification), accuracy and precision were 0.127 ppm, 0.403 ppm, 3.7%, and 102.9%, respectively. MDL and MLQ showed the lowest concentration compared to the other two methods, and had high accuracy and precision. Regarding the recovery rate by the absorbing liquid, IC (D.W.) was the highest at 93.55%, followed by UV/VIS (0.1 M NaOH) and IC (0.1 M NaOH). This study analyzed bromine compounds in flue gas with higher accuracy and precision using the IC (D.W.) method compared to IC (0.1 M NaOH) and UV/VIS (0.1 M NaOH).","PeriodicalId":15758,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Analysis, Health and Toxicology","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86696520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In 1970s, the Korean government formulated an energy saving plan, and in 1990s, they added items while implementing the efficiency rating and labeling system. According to the data released by the International Energy Agency (IEA), by 2050, energy savings by the equipment and facilities sector would account for 36% of the policy measures for greenhouse gas reduction. As such, the most useful way to reduce greenhouse gas emissions is to increase the original energy efficiency by distributing various energy-saving products through the efficiency management system. High-efficiency energy equipment certification is a system that certifies products that meet a certain standard in order to promote the supply of high-efficiency energy equipment. In the case of aeration devices, the performance and efficiency of air diffusers can be continuously managed to reduce national energy and carbon dioxide emissions. The purpose of this study is to confirm the definitive carbon reduction levels in the relevant field by examining the performance-based appropriate energy efficiency of air diffusers in aeration tanks during sewage treatment.
{"title":"Evaluation of Energy Consumption Efficiency of an Air Diffuser in a Sewage Treatment Aeration Tank Under Standard Conditions","authors":"Kyu-jin Park, Younghee Kim","doi":"10.36278/jeaht.25.4.150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36278/jeaht.25.4.150","url":null,"abstract":"In 1970s, the Korean government formulated an energy saving plan, and in 1990s, they added items while implementing the efficiency rating and labeling system. According to the data released by the International Energy Agency (IEA), by 2050, energy savings by the equipment and facilities sector would account for 36% of the policy measures for greenhouse gas reduction. As such, the most useful way to reduce greenhouse gas emissions is to increase the original energy efficiency by distributing various energy-saving products through the efficiency management system. High-efficiency energy equipment certification is a system that certifies products that meet a certain standard in order to promote the supply of high-efficiency energy equipment. In the case of aeration devices, the performance and efficiency of air diffusers can be continuously managed to reduce national energy and carbon dioxide emissions. The purpose of this study is to confirm the definitive carbon reduction levels in the relevant field by examining the performance-based appropriate energy efficiency of air diffusers in aeration tanks during sewage treatment.","PeriodicalId":15758,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Analysis, Health and Toxicology","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82151542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ji-Hyock Yoo, K. Chon, O. Kwon, Jung Woo, Ji-Hyun Yoon
This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of soil amendments on arsenic (As) bioavailability in As-polluted soils. We determined the subsequent changes in As toxicity toward earthworms (Eisenia fetida) and As uptake by earthworms. We also investigated whether As bioaccumulation could be used as an index to evaluate changes in quality of As-polluted soils. No significant changes in acute toxicity to earthworms were observed, and the observed increases (70-93 mg kg-1) or decreases (27-38 mg kg-1) in bioavailable As in soils at the end of test were not related to the As concentrations in earthworms. The As concentration in earthworms 14 days after exposure was significantly lower in calcium superphosphate (CSP)- and S-treated soils (101.4-112.8 mg kg-1) than in control soil (138.9 mg kg-1), probably owing to reduced earthworm growth due to lower pH in CSP- and S-treated soils (6.3-7.3) relative to control and steel slag-treated soils (7.5-8.4). Comparisons of As toxicity and the effects of soil properties on this toxicity toward various species of earthworms could facilitate the use of earthworms to produce biological indices for evaluating changes in quality of As-polluted soils following amendment treatments.
{"title":"Effects of Soil Amendments on Arsenic Uptake by Earthworms(Eisenia fetida) in Arsenic-Polluted Soil","authors":"Ji-Hyock Yoo, K. Chon, O. Kwon, Jung Woo, Ji-Hyun Yoon","doi":"10.36278/jeaht.25.4.132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36278/jeaht.25.4.132","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of soil amendments on arsenic (As) bioavailability in As-polluted soils. We determined the subsequent changes in As toxicity toward earthworms (Eisenia fetida) and As uptake by earthworms. We also investigated whether As bioaccumulation could be used as an index to evaluate changes in quality of As-polluted soils. No significant changes in acute toxicity to earthworms were observed, and the observed increases (70-93 mg kg-1) or decreases (27-38 mg kg-1) in bioavailable As in soils at the end of test were not related to the As concentrations in earthworms. The As concentration in earthworms 14 days after exposure was significantly lower in calcium superphosphate (CSP)- and S-treated soils (101.4-112.8 mg kg-1) than in control soil (138.9 mg kg-1), probably owing to reduced earthworm growth due to lower pH in CSP- and S-treated soils (6.3-7.3) relative to control and steel slag-treated soils (7.5-8.4). Comparisons of As toxicity and the effects of soil properties on this toxicity toward various species of earthworms could facilitate the use of earthworms to produce biological indices for evaluating changes in quality of As-polluted soils following amendment treatments.","PeriodicalId":15758,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Analysis, Health and Toxicology","volume":"484 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74518096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tae-young Kim, Mija Kim, Min-kyung Baek, Su-Hyun Kim, Jae-pil Moon, Jin-kyung Jo, Yu-kyung Choi, Jong-wan Park, Bo-yeon Kweon
This study aimed to evaluate the indoor air quality differences at 19 indoor play centers of cafés and play areas in Gyeonggi-do where were 430 m2 or larger. We examined concentrations of formaldehyde (HCHO), volatile organic compounds (VOC), particulate matter, and total airborne bacteria, and how their distributions varied with the number of visitors at the places. On weekdays, there were no statistically significant differences in mean indoor air pollutant concentrations between the cafés and play areas at 95% confidence intervals. However, significant differences were observed on weekends when the number of visitors increased. HCHO concentrations increased up to 159%, and VOC concentrations increased up to 210%. A higher increase rate of HCHO occurred at the cafés compared to the play areas since cooking operations were performed under natural ventilation. The PM10 concentration increased by approximately 33.2%, with an increase of 49.2% in the play areas and a 18.3% increase in the cafés on weekends. PM2.5 concentration particularly increased during weekends in the cafés and play areas by 113% and 63.6%, respectively. During cooking operations, the concentration of gaseous and particulate pollution increased more in the air pollutant concentration of cafés, and the overall bacterial concentration increased during weekends due to higher numbers of visitors. Therefore, indoor play centers with cooking operations require adequate air quality management to mitigate the indoor pollution.
{"title":"A Study on the Distribution Characteristics of Formaldehyde, Volatile Organic Compounds, Particulate Matter, and Airborne Bacteria in Indoor Play Centers","authors":"Tae-young Kim, Mija Kim, Min-kyung Baek, Su-Hyun Kim, Jae-pil Moon, Jin-kyung Jo, Yu-kyung Choi, Jong-wan Park, Bo-yeon Kweon","doi":"10.36278/jeaht.25.4.117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36278/jeaht.25.4.117","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to evaluate the indoor air quality differences at 19 indoor play centers of cafés and play areas in Gyeonggi-do where were 430 m2 or larger. We examined concentrations of formaldehyde (HCHO), volatile organic compounds (VOC), particulate matter, and total airborne bacteria, and how their distributions varied with the number of visitors at the places. On weekdays, there were no statistically significant differences in mean indoor air pollutant concentrations between the cafés and play areas at 95% confidence intervals. However, significant differences were observed on weekends when the number of visitors increased. HCHO concentrations increased up to 159%, and VOC concentrations increased up to 210%. A higher increase rate of HCHO occurred at the cafés compared to the play areas since cooking operations were performed under natural ventilation. The PM10 concentration increased by approximately 33.2%, with an increase of 49.2% in the play areas and a 18.3% increase in the cafés on weekends. PM2.5 concentration particularly increased during weekends in the cafés and play areas by 113% and 63.6%, respectively. During cooking operations, the concentration of gaseous and particulate pollution increased more in the air pollutant concentration of cafés, and the overall bacterial concentration increased during weekends due to higher numbers of visitors. Therefore, indoor play centers with cooking operations require adequate air quality management to mitigate the indoor pollution.","PeriodicalId":15758,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Analysis, Health and Toxicology","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84782286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hyo-Jung Lee, Kyoung-Min Lee, Hyeon-Yeong Kim, Seong-Min Choi, B. Park
Phytoncide, a forest healing indicator, is known to help suppress depression, anxiety, and stress of human. Furthermore, it has positive effects on blood pressures, pulses, and mood fluctuations. Previous studies mostly focused on phytoncide emission trends and its concentration prediction in forest. Moreover, a direct comparison of phytoncide concentrations between existing studies is often challenging owing to the use of differingunits, target analytes, analysis conditions, as well as unreported concentrations per type of the compound. Therefore, this study evaluated the overall performance of adsorption sampling and thermal desorption coupled with gas chromatography to evaluatethe phytoncide concentration in a forest atmosphere. To this end, the analysis quality management and analysis accuracy were evaluated for on-site samples in two different laboratories. The phytoncide analysis results obtained from each laboratory can serve as reference data for the adsorption capture-thermal desorption method applied to biogenic volatile organic compounds.
{"title":"A Study on the Adsorption Capture-Thermal Desorption Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Biogenic Volatile Organic Compounds in Forests","authors":"Hyo-Jung Lee, Kyoung-Min Lee, Hyeon-Yeong Kim, Seong-Min Choi, B. Park","doi":"10.36278/jeaht.25.4.141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36278/jeaht.25.4.141","url":null,"abstract":"Phytoncide, a forest healing indicator, is known to help suppress depression, anxiety, and stress of human. Furthermore, it has positive effects on blood pressures, pulses, and mood fluctuations. Previous studies mostly focused on phytoncide emission trends and its concentration prediction in forest. Moreover, a direct comparison of phytoncide concentrations between existing studies is often challenging owing to the use of differingunits, target analytes, analysis conditions, as well as unreported concentrations per type of the compound. Therefore, this study evaluated the overall performance of adsorption sampling and thermal desorption coupled with gas chromatography to evaluatethe phytoncide concentration in a forest atmosphere. To this end, the analysis quality management and analysis accuracy were evaluated for on-site samples in two different laboratories. The phytoncide analysis results obtained from each laboratory can serve as reference data for the adsorption capture-thermal desorption method applied to biogenic volatile organic compounds.","PeriodicalId":15758,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Analysis, Health and Toxicology","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73263958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To manage particulate matter (PM2.5) in Ulsan, this study evaluated the current status of the emissions and concentrations of PM2.5 and the number and spatial distribution of urban air quality monitoring stations (AQMSs). The major emission sources of PM2.5 in Ulsan are industrial activities (production process, manufacturing combustion, and ships), and the annual mean concentration of PM 2.5 in Ulsan is not higher than those in other large megacities. However, the toxicity of PM2.5 in Ulsan seems to be high owing to the presence of hazardous air pollutants. Although the AQMSs in Ulsan have been well operated, and the number of stations is sufficient, further evaluation of the roles and spatial distribution of some of these stations is required. This study proposed the priority areas for installing new AQMSs using Geographic Information System (GIS) tools based on the population distribution and PM2.5 pollution levels. The method developed in this study can be used for other cities, as well as for expanding urban areas and new downtown areas in Ulsan to assess the existing monitoring network and suggest the optimum locations of new stations.
{"title":"Evaluation of Urban Air Quality Monitoring Stations in Ulsan using Geographic Information System","authors":"Sung-Deuk Choi","doi":"10.36278/jeaht.25.3.99","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36278/jeaht.25.3.99","url":null,"abstract":"To manage particulate matter (PM2.5) in Ulsan, this study evaluated the current status of the emissions and concentrations of PM2.5 and the number and spatial distribution of urban air quality monitoring stations (AQMSs). The major emission sources of PM2.5 in Ulsan are industrial activities (production process, manufacturing combustion, and ships), and the annual mean concentration of PM 2.5 in Ulsan is not higher than those in other large megacities. However, the toxicity of PM2.5 in Ulsan seems to be high owing to the presence of hazardous air pollutants. Although the AQMSs in Ulsan have been well operated, and the number of stations is sufficient, further evaluation of the roles and spatial distribution of some of these stations is required. This study proposed the priority areas for installing new AQMSs using Geographic Information System (GIS) tools based on the population distribution and PM2.5 pollution levels. The method developed in this study can be used for other cities, as well as for expanding urban areas and new downtown areas in Ulsan to assess the existing monitoring network and suggest the optimum locations of new stations.","PeriodicalId":15758,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Analysis, Health and Toxicology","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85576352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Particulate Matter (PM) in the atmosphere has serious impacts on human health and the global environmental systems. To reduce anthropogenic PM emissions is of importance to protect public health. In this study, the variation of concentrations in PM2.5, NO2, and O3 of Honam region over the past 6 years (2016-2021) was investigated. A statistical approach (i.e., hierarchical cluster analysis) was performed to present their spatial relationships. As a result, the high concentration of PM2.5 in Iksan-si was found in sources of primary pollutants emitted from industrial complexes and ammonia from large-scale livestock complexes. The high concentration periods of PM2.5 with lower concentrations of NO2 and O3 can be seasonal and secondary PM product contributions. In addition, the concentration of O3 in Buan-gun and Wanju-gun with lower PM levels can be the effect of emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCS) from sources. It is necessary to strengthen management for reducing emissions by sources and to establish a policy to control precursors of the atmospheric contaminants.
{"title":"Characteristics of Atmospheric Compounds based on Regional Multicorrelation Analysis in Honam Area","authors":"Sung-Hyun Oh, Sea-Ho Oh, M. Bae","doi":"10.36278/jeaht.25.3.85","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36278/jeaht.25.3.85","url":null,"abstract":"Particulate Matter (PM) in the atmosphere has serious impacts on human health and the global environmental systems. To reduce anthropogenic PM emissions is of importance to protect public health. In this study, the variation of concentrations in PM2.5, NO2, and O3 of Honam region over the past 6 years (2016-2021) was investigated. A statistical approach (i.e., hierarchical cluster analysis) was performed to present their spatial relationships. As a result, the high concentration of PM2.5 in Iksan-si was found in sources of primary pollutants emitted from industrial complexes and ammonia from large-scale livestock complexes. The high concentration periods of PM2.5 with lower concentrations of NO2 and O3 can be seasonal and secondary PM product contributions. In addition, the concentration of O3 in Buan-gun and Wanju-gun with lower PM levels can be the effect of emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCS) from sources. It is necessary to strengthen management for reducing emissions by sources and to establish a policy to control precursors of the atmospheric contaminants.","PeriodicalId":15758,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Analysis, Health and Toxicology","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73226387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jong-Yeon Hwang, Hye-ri Lee, S. Go, Sooa Jeon, Jeehye Kim, Hyo-Kyeong Kim, Jin-Ju Lee, C. Park, Jeong-ki Yoon, S. Shin
The quality control of testing and inspection laboratories operated in Korea, the United States, and Canada was compared. The basic framework of on-site evaluation operated by each country was similar in terms of evaluation procedure, document evaluation, issuance of verification certificate, and follow-up management. For conducting on-site evaluation and granting the certificate, the preparation materials and evaluation processes are subdivided in Korea, while the dates of granting the certificate are restricted to four times a year in the United States. After receiving accreditation as a testing/inspection laboratories for the first time in Canada, follow-up management is divided into re-evaluation, verification evaluation, and monitoring evaluation.
{"title":"Comparison of On-site Assessment of Testing and Inspection Laboratories","authors":"Jong-Yeon Hwang, Hye-ri Lee, S. Go, Sooa Jeon, Jeehye Kim, Hyo-Kyeong Kim, Jin-Ju Lee, C. Park, Jeong-ki Yoon, S. Shin","doi":"10.36278/jeaht.25.3.111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36278/jeaht.25.3.111","url":null,"abstract":"The quality control of testing and inspection laboratories operated in Korea, the United States, and Canada was compared. The basic framework of on-site evaluation operated by each country was similar in terms of evaluation procedure, document evaluation, issuance of verification certificate, and follow-up management. For conducting on-site evaluation and granting the certificate, the preparation materials and evaluation processes are subdivided in Korea, while the dates of granting the certificate are restricted to four times a year in the United States. After receiving accreditation as a testing/inspection laboratories for the first time in Canada, follow-up management is divided into re-evaluation, verification evaluation, and monitoring evaluation.","PeriodicalId":15758,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Analysis, Health and Toxicology","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79335719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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