Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering最新文献_第3页

CO2 capture performance of AMP-EAE amine blends: Absorption in the microchannel and desorption from saturated solutions AMP-EAE 混合胺的二氧化碳捕获性能：微通道中的吸收和饱和溶液中的解吸

IF 7.4 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering

Pub Date : 2024-09-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.jece.2024.114131

Blended organic amine solutions are considered an effective strategy for developing highly efficient and low energy-consuming absorbents due to the possibility of combining the advantages of single amine. The 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) and 2-(ethylamino)ethanol (EAE) amine blends were prepared in three molar ratios: blend-1 (n_AMP:n_EAE = 3:1), blend-2 (n_AMP:n_EAE = 1:1), and blend-3 (n_AMP:n_EAE = 1:3). The impacts of gas-liquid flow rate, amine concentration, molar ratio, temperature, and CO₂ concentration on absorption performance were investigated using the serpentine microchannel. Additionally, the effects of amine concentration and molar ratio on the desorption performance of saturated solutions were also explored. The performance of amine blends in absorption and desorption was evaluated by measuring absorption rate, efficiency, and loading, as well as desorption efficiency, energy consumption, cycle capacity, and average desorption rate. The desorption results were compared to those of the benchmark solvent, 30 wt% MEA, under identical operating conditions. The results indicate that the 25 wt% blend-2 solution performs exceptionally well, exhibiting a 15 % increase in absorption efficiency compared to the AMP aqueous solution at a gas-liquid ratio of 20. Additionally, the cycle capacity and average desorption rate are 1.7 times higher than those of the 30 wt% MEA solution. Notably, the energy consumption of the 25 wt% blend-2 solution for desorption is only 60 % of the 30 wt% MEA solution.

混合有机胺溶液被认为是开发高效、低能耗吸收剂的有效策略，因为它有可能结合单一胺的优点。以三种摩尔比制备了 2-氨基-2-甲基-1-丙醇（AMP）和 2-（乙基氨基）乙醇（EAE）胺混合物：混合物-1（nAMP:nEAE = 3:1）、混合物-2（nAMP:nEAE = 1:1）和混合物-3（nAMP:nEAE = 1:3）。利用蛇形微通道研究了气液流速、胺浓度、摩尔比、温度和二氧化碳浓度对吸收性能的影响。此外，还探讨了胺浓度和摩尔比对饱和溶液解吸性能的影响。通过测量吸收率、效率和负荷，以及解吸效率、能耗、循环容量和平均解吸率，评估了胺混合物在吸收和解吸方面的性能。在相同的操作条件下，解吸结果与基准溶剂 30 wt% MEA 的解吸结果进行了比较。结果表明，25 wt% 混合-2 溶液的性能非常出色，在气液比为 20 的条件下，与 AMP 水溶液相比，吸收效率提高了 15%。此外，循环容量和平均解吸率是 30 wt% MEA 溶液的 1.7 倍。值得注意的是，25 wt% blend-2 溶液的解吸能耗仅为 30 wt% MEA 溶液的 60%。

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引用次数: 0

Barium titanate/ZnAl-layered double hydroxide catalysts for piezoelectrically enhanced photocatalytic degradation of coexisting pollutants and antibiotic resistance genes 压电增强型光催化降解共存污染物和抗生素耐药基因的钛酸钡/锌铝层双氢氧化物催化剂

IF 7.4 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering

Pub Date : 2024-09-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.jece.2024.114227

Composite materials consisting of BaTiO₃/ZnAl-layered double hydroxide (LDH) were synthesized utilizing a combination of self-assembly and hydrothermal techniques, displaying outstanding piezoelectric characteristics. When subjected to ultrasonic vibration and visible light (VSL) irradiation, these composites demonstrated superior piezoelectric photocatalytic capabilities, achieving degradation rates of 99 % for NTP and a complete 100 % for TC within a span of 45 minutes. The presence of ultrasonic vibration induces polarized electric fields within the ZnAl-LDH and BaTiO₃ components. These fields support the maintenance of the intrinsic electric field strength across the heterojunction interfaces, facilitating the expedited migration of photogenerated carriers. Consequently, this enhances the efficiency of carrier separation and fosters a synergistic catalytic effect attributed to dual piezoelectricity when exposed to VSL. This investigation highlights the potential of piezoelectric photocatalysis in efficiently removing pollutants, suggesting its applicability in the treatment of municipal wastewater and sterilization processes, and offers innovative perspectives for advancing piezoelectric photocatalyst development.

利用自组装和水热技术相结合的方法合成了由 BaTiO₃/ZnAl-层状双氢氧化物（LDH）组成的复合材料，这些复合材料具有出色的压电特性。在超声波振动和可见光（VSL）照射下，这些复合材料表现出卓越的压电光催化能力，在 45 分钟内对 NTP 的降解率达到 99%，对 TC 的降解率达到 100%。超声波振动会在 ZnAl-LDH 和 BaTiO₃ 成分中产生极化电场。这些电场有助于维持异质结界面上的固有电场强度，促进光生载流子的快速迁移。因此，这提高了载流子分离的效率，并在暴露于 VSL 时促进了双重压电性所带来的协同催化效应。这项研究凸显了压电光催化在高效去除污染物方面的潜力，表明其适用于城市污水处理和杀菌过程，并为推动压电光催化剂的发展提供了创新视角。

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引用次数: 0

Impacts of alkaline washing pretreatment on municipal solid waste incineration fly ash (MSWI FA) and resulting geopolymers 碱性洗涤预处理对城市固体废物焚烧飞灰（MSWI FA）和由此产生的土工聚合物的影响

IF 7.4 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering

Pub Date : 2024-09-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.jece.2024.114230

The safe disposal and utilization of municipal solid waste incineration fly ash (MSWI FA) has emerged as a crucial challenge, primarily due to elevated levels of heavy metals and chlorides. In this study, the influence of key factors in different pretreatment methods on the physicochemical properties of MSWI FA was analyzed, and the effects and mechanism of different pretreatment methods on the resulting geopolymers were studied. Under the conditions of a liquid-solid ratio (L/S) of 7 mL/g, a rotational speed of 500 r/min, and a stirring time of 20 min, the alkali washing with 1 mol/L NaOH solution exhibited better effect than water washing. The total content of chlorides and the content of soluble chloride in AFA (MSWI FA with alkali washing) were 1.53 % and 0.85 %, respectively. Alkali washing had a greater influence on the migration of heavy metals from MSWI FA to filtrate than water washing. Meanwhile, alkaline washing exhibited better effect in calcium retention and sulfur removal. The pretreatment process enhanced the gel formation in geopolymers, subsequently exerting a significant influence on the compressive strength and leaching concentration of heavy metals. Thermogravimetric analysis showed the bound water content in AG (8.46 %) was the greatest in all simples, indicating that exerted the most pronounced impact on the gel formation during geopolymerization. And, the lower ratio of Si-O-Na to Si-O-T in AG (0.20) indicated a longer geopolymeric chains, which explained the higher compressive strength of geopolymers during the initial curing period. This article provides a new pretreatment method to promote the resource utilization of MSWI FA.

城市固体废弃物焚烧飞灰（MSWI FA）主要由于重金属和氯化物含量升高，其安全处置和利用已成为一项重要挑战。本研究分析了不同预处理方法中的关键因素对城市固体废弃物焚烧飞灰理化性质的影响，并研究了不同预处理方法对所得土工聚合物的影响和机理。在液固比（L/S）为 7 mL/g、转速为 500 r/min、搅拌时间为 20 min 的条件下，用 1 mol/L NaOH 溶液碱洗的效果优于水洗。AFA（碱洗后的 MSWI FA）中的氯化物总含量和可溶性氯化物含量分别为 1.53 % 和 0.85 %。与水洗相比，碱洗对重金属从 MSWI FA 向滤液迁移的影响更大。同时，碱洗对钙的保留和硫的去除效果更好。预处理过程促进了土工聚合物中凝胶的形成，进而对抗压强度和重金属浸出浓度产生了显著影响。热重分析表明，在所有模拟物中，AG 的结合水含量（8.46%）最大，这表明在土工聚合过程中，AG 对凝胶形成的影响最为明显。此外，AG 中 Si-O-Na 与 Si-O-T 的比率较低（0.20），这表明土工聚合物链较长，这也是土工聚合物在固化初期具有较高抗压强度的原因。本文为促进 MSWI FA 的资源化利用提供了一种新的预处理方法。

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引用次数: 0

Insights into novel phosphorus-doped biochar for tetracycline removal: Non-radical oxidation and adsorption 新型掺磷生物炭去除四环素的见解：非自由基氧化和吸附

IF 7.4 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering

Pub Date : 2024-09-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.jece.2024.114224

Heteroatom doping has been widely recognized as an emerging and promising strategy for material enhancement and the degradation of organic pollutants. However, most heteroatom doping biochars are used to activate, for example, PMS to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) to degrade organic pollutants instead of investigating their own ability to produce ROS. Herein, phosphorus-doping biochars (PBC) were synthesized at various temperatures for adsorption and degradation of tetracycline (TC). Compared to the pristine biochar (BC-800), PBC-800 exhibited significant enhancements in the specific surface areas (1307.30 m²·g⁻¹), porosity (0.94 cm³·g⁻¹) and higher removal efficiency (1.25 times higher than BC-800). The abundance of functional groups in the PBC-800 such as electron-rich ketone functional groups (CO), phosphorus-oxygen moieties (P-O), and defective sites within the carbon matrix, have been identified to play crucial roles in TC degradation. The free radical quenching and analysis of electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) indicated that the presence of persistent free radicals (PFRs) on PBC also influenced the TC removal, and the possible non-radical pathways were proposed. The density functional theory (DFT) calculations proved that PBC-800 exhibited the highest adsorption energy as well as the lowest energy gap between triplet O₂ and ¹O₂, suggesting that the existence of P was conducive to the production of ¹O₂. This study laid the groundwork for the development of biochars and provided a novel insight into the design of green biomass for effective removal of antibiotics in the future.

人们普遍认为，掺杂杂原子是一种新兴的、有前途的材料增强和有机污染物降解策略。然而，大多数掺杂杂原子的生物炭都是用来激活 PMS 等产生活性氧（ROS）以降解有机污染物，而不是研究其自身产生 ROS 的能力。本文在不同温度下合成了掺磷生物炭（PBC），用于吸附和降解四环素（TC）。与原始生物炭（BC-800）相比，PBC-800 在比表面积（1307.30 m2-g-1）、孔隙率（0.94 cm3-g-1）和去除效率（比 BC-800 高 1.25 倍）方面都有显著提高。PBC-800 中丰富的官能团，如电子丰富的酮官能团 (CO)、磷氧分子 (P-O) 和碳基质中的缺陷位点，已被确认在 TC 降解中发挥了关键作用。自由基淬灭和电子顺磁共振（EPR）分析表明，PBC 上持久自由基（PFR）的存在也会影响 TC 的去除，并提出了可能的非自由基途径。密度泛函理论（DFT）计算证明，PBC-800 表现出最高的吸附能以及三重 O2 和 1O2 之间最低的能隙，这表明 P 的存在有利于 1O2 的产生。这项研究为生物炭的开发奠定了基础，并为今后设计有效去除抗生素的绿色生物质提供了新的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Production of 2,3-butanediol from Ulva pertusa hydrolysate using hydrothermal pretreatment followed by enzymatic hydrolysis 利用热液预处理和酶水解从孔石莼水解物中生产 2,3-丁二醇

IF 7.4 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering

Pub Date : 2024-09-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.jece.2024.114225

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the marine macro-algae Ulva pertusa as a potential source of important chemicals, including 2,3-butanediol (2,3-BDO). This study examined how pretreatment conditions like liquid-to-solid ratio, reaction temperature, and reaction time influence the hydrolysis of U. pertusa biomass through hydrothermal pretreatment followed by enzymatic hydrolysis. Consequently, 23.44 g/L (12.7 % based on biomass weight) of reducing sugar was produced under hydrothermal pretreatment conditions (liquid-to-solid ratio of 6:1, reaction temperature of 165 °C, and reaction time of 15 min), followed by enzymatic hydrolysis. During hydrothermal pretreatment, the sugar concentration peaked at 3.68 g/L within the severity factor (SF) range of 3.5–4.4. During subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis, the sugar concentration remained stable until the SF reached 4.0. However, when SF exceeded 4.0, the sugar concentration rapidly decreased. The effectiveness of U. pertusa hydrolysate was evaluated via the fermentation of 2,3-BDO. Pantoea agglomerans successfully produced 2,3-BDO with a yield of 0.299 g/g-sugar from U. pertusa hydrolysate. In summary, this study demonstrated the effectiveness of U. pertusa hydrolysate as a bioresource for producing biochemicals, including 2,3-BDO.

本研究旨在评估海洋大型藻类百日草（Ulva pertusa）作为重要化学物质（包括 2,3-丁二醇（2,3-BDO））潜在来源的有效性。本研究考察了液固比、反应温度和反应时间等预处理条件如何影响通过水热预处理然后进行酶水解的孔石莼生物质。结果，在水热预处理条件下（液固比为 6:1、反应温度为 165 ℃、反应时间为 15 分钟），产生了 23.44 g/L（按生物质重量计算为 12.7%）还原糖，然后进行酶水解。在水热预处理过程中，糖浓度在 3.5-4.4 严重因子（SF）范围内达到峰值 3.68 克/升。在随后的酶水解过程中，糖浓度保持稳定，直到 SF 达到 4.0。然而，当 SF 超过 4.0 时，糖浓度迅速下降。通过发酵 2,3-BDO，评估了 U. pertusa 水解产物的有效性。从百日草水解物中成功生产出 2,3-BDO，产量为 0.299 克/克-糖。总之，本研究证明了百日草水解物作为生产生化物质（包括 2,3-BDO）的生物资源的有效性。

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引用次数: 0

Spatial conversion characteristics of sulfur and nitrogen via desulfurization denitrification under rapidly changing hydraulic conditions 快速变化的水力条件下通过脱硫脱硝实现硫氮空间转化的特征

IF 7.4 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering

Pub Date : 2024-09-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.jece.2024.114217

The sulfur-nitrogen-contained wastewater treatment system needs fast start-up, efficient collaboration, and stability, to break through the application bottleneck of biological desulfurization-denitrification. An integrated sleeve bioreactor was adopted to analyze the coupling performances of sulfate-reduction and sulfide-based denitrification process. The spatial-temporal distribution of functional bacteria and genes was studied under rapidly changing hydraulic conditions. The transformation law of carbon-sulfur-nitrogen was clarified. The removal efficiencies of sulfate, total organic carbon, and nitrite reached 90 %, 98 %, and 99 %, respectively. Thermovirga, Desulfomicrobium and Desulfobulbus were the main functional bacteria in the external sleeve, while Sulfurovum and sulfurimonas were in the internal sleeve. The dominant functional genes sat, sqr, norBC, and nosZ had relative abundances of 1.02 ‰, 3.09 ‰, 0.63 ‰ and 0.51 ‰, respectively. The sleeve alleviated the toxic effects of sulfide and nitrite. It realized the spatial separation and enrichment of different dominant bacteria, improving the load shock resistance of bioreactor. The rapidly changing hydraulic retention time promoted the spatial transference of sulfate-reducing bacteria and brought the appearance of sulfide-based denitrification bacteria in external sleeve. It enhanced the stability of microbial community structure. This optimized microbial community structure provided a rich diversity of functional genes to ensure a collaborating degradation of sulfur and nitrogen. The main transformation pathways included the assimilated sulfate reduction, sulfur partial oxidation and denitrification. Rapidly decreasing hydraulic retention time facilitated the accumulation of elemental sulfur. The unique structure and operation exhibited strong resistance to loads and hydraulic shocks. This work provides a reference value for efficiently removing multiple pollutants in sulfur-nitrogen-polluted wastewater.

含硫氮废水处理系统需要快速启动、高效协同和稳定运行，以突破生物脱硫脱硝的应用瓶颈。本研究采用一体化套筒生物反应器分析了硫酸盐还原和硫化物脱氮过程的耦合性能。研究了快速变化的水力条件下功能细菌和基因的时空分布。阐明了碳硫氮转化规律。硫酸盐、总有机碳和亚硝酸盐的去除率分别达到 90%、98% 和 99%。外套筒中的主要功能菌为 Thermovirga、Desulfomicrobium 和 Desulfobulbus，内套筒中的主要功能菌为 Sulfurovum 和 sulfurimonas。优势功能基因 sat、sqr、norBC 和 nosZ 的相对丰度分别为 1.02‰、3.09‰、0.63‰ 和 0.51‰。套筒减轻了硫化物和亚硝酸盐的毒性作用。实现了不同优势菌在空间上的分离和富集，提高了生物反应器的抗负荷冲击能力。快速变化的水力停留时间促进了硫酸盐还原菌的空间转移，并带来了硫化物反硝化细菌在外部套筒中的出现。这增强了微生物群落结构的稳定性。这种优化的微生物群落结构提供了丰富多样的功能基因，确保硫氮协同降解。主要转化途径包括硫酸盐同化还原、硫部分氧化和反硝化。水力停留时间的迅速缩短促进了元素硫的积累。其独特的结构和运行方式表现出很强的抗负荷和抗水力冲击能力。这项工作为有效去除硫氮污染废水中的多种污染物提供了参考价值。

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引用次数: 0

Electrostatic self-assembly of hydrotalcite-based g-C3N4 composites for adsorption and photocatalytic degradation of aqueous norfloxacin 静电自组装水滑石基 g-C3N4 复合材料用于吸附和光催化降解诺氟沙星水溶液

IF 7.4 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering

Pub Date : 2024-09-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.jece.2024.114226

Norfloxacin, a quinolone antibiotic pollutant, posed a significant threat to environment and human being health. In this study, hydrotalcite-based g-C₃N₄ composites were produced using electrostatic self-assembly and the structural memory effect of hydrotalcite to optimize their adsorption-degradation of norfloxacin under visible-light illumination. Optimized hydrotalcite and g-C₃N₄ composite (750°C, 40 wt% of g-C₃N₄) exhibited a highest photo-degradation rate constant of 1.8×10⁻² min⁻¹ with 83.98 % norfloxacin degradation achieved within 1.5 h under visible-light, surpassing that of bare g-C₃N₄ and hydrotalcite photocatalysts. The synergistic effects of the composite, such as uniform flower-like micro-morphology and rich mesoporous structure, resulted in a large specific surface area (58.67 m²/g), abundant active sites, and good photo-generated charge separation efficiency. All these facilitated both sorption (7.95 mg/g) and subsequent visible-light degradation of norfloxacin. Furthermore, the superior photocatalytic performance observed in the degradation of norfloxacin under visible-light illumination was assigned to the effective transport of photogenerated electrons and holes between hydrotalcite and g-C₃N₄ components. The work highlights the potentials of hydrotalcite and g-C₃N₄ composites as an excellent photocatalyst for environment remediation and water treatment.

诺氟沙星是一种喹诺酮类抗生素污染物，对环境和人类健康构成严重威胁。本研究利用静电自组装和水滑石的结构记忆效应制备了水滑石基 g-C3N4 复合材料，以优化其在可见光照射下对诺氟沙星的吸附降解。优化后的水滑石和 g-C3N4 复合材料（750°C，g-C3N4 占 40 wt%）在可见光下 1.5 h 内的最高光降解速率常数为 1.8×10-2 min-1，诺氟沙星的降解率达到 83.98%，超过了裸 g-C3N4 和水滑石光催化剂。该复合材料具有均匀的花朵状微形态和丰富的介孔结构等协同效应，因此比表面积大（58.67 m2/g），活性位点丰富，光生电荷分离效率高。所有这些都促进了诺氟沙星的吸附（7.95 mg/g）和随后的可见光降解。此外，在可见光照射下降解诺氟沙星的过程中观察到的优异光催化性能归功于光生电子和空穴在水滑石和 g-C3N4 成分之间的有效传输。这项研究突出了水滑石和 g-C3N4 复合材料作为一种出色的光催化剂在环境修复和水处理方面的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Durable underwater superoleophobic hydrogels for oil- and Cu(II)-containing water purification 用于净化含油和含铜(II)水的耐用水下超疏水凝胶

IF 7.4 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering

Pub Date : 2024-09-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.jece.2024.114215

Purifying oily and Cu²⁺ ions-containing waste waters is still a challenge over the world. Traditional adsorption materials struggle to efficiently remove both pollutants. In this study, an underwater superoleophobic polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and tannic acid (TA) based PVA-TA hydrogel was first prepared for the removal of both oils and Cu(II) ions. CaCO₃ was subsequently incorporated to enhance the mechanical properties and Cu²⁺ adsorption capacities through electrostatic attractions. Both PVA-TA and PVA-TA/CaCO₃ hydrogel-intermediated materials exhibited underwater superoleophobic and can be used to purify oily water, achieving separation efficiencies exceeding 99.20 % even after 60 cycles. Furthermore, these materials demonstrated excellent self-cleaning performance against viscous oil. The addition of CaCO₃ can also improve the mechanical durability and chemical resistance of the PVA-TA under robbing, varying pH levels, and saline conditions. Moreover, the maximum Cu(II) adsorption capacity and removal efficiency of the PVA-TA/CaCO₃ are 62.11 mg g⁻¹ and 86.71 %, respectively; surpassing those of the PVA-TA due to increased micro-hole density and electrostatic interactions between CaCO₃ and Cu(II). These porous materials can be further applied to purify real-life wastewater, indicating their potential for efficient practical wastewater treatment. This work not only provides effective porous materials for purifying oily and Cu²⁺-containing waste waters but also improves a simple method for preparing underwater superoleophobic hydrogel-intermediated materials.

净化含油和含 Cu2+ 离子的废水仍然是全球面临的一项挑战。传统的吸附材料很难有效去除这两种污染物。在这项研究中，首先制备了一种基于 PVA-TA 水凝胶的水下超疏水聚乙烯醇（PVA）和单宁酸（TA），用于去除油类和 Cu（II）离子。随后加入 CaCO3，通过静电吸引增强其机械性能和 Cu2+ 吸附能力。PVA-TA 和 PVA-TA/CaCO3 水凝胶介导材料都具有水下超疏水性，可用于净化含油水，即使在 60 次循环后，分离效率也超过 99.20%。此外，这些材料还对粘性油具有出色的自清洁性能。添加 CaCO3 还能提高 PVA-TA 在抢夺、不同 pH 值和盐碱条件下的机械耐久性和耐化学性。此外，由于微孔密度的增加以及 CaCO3 和 Cu(II) 之间的静电作用，PVA-TA/CaCO3 对 Cu(II) 的最大吸附容量和去除效率分别为 62.11 mg g-1 和 86.71 %，超过了 PVA-TA 的吸附容量和去除效率。这些多孔材料可进一步用于净化现实生活中的废水，表明其具有高效实用的废水处理潜力。这项研究不仅为净化含油和含 Cu2+ 废水提供了有效的多孔材料，还改进了制备水下超疏水性凝胶介导材料的简单方法。

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引用次数: 0

Analysis of lead contamination sources in roadside soil via the isotope tracing method 通过同位素追踪法分析路边土壤中的铅污染源

IF 7.4 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering

Pub Date : 2024-09-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.jece.2024.114205

In addition to industrial contamination sources, road traffic sources are becoming major sources of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) contamination in soil. The PTEs contaminants generated during transport mainly include lead (Pb) and other elements. In this study, to clarify the sources of Pb in the roadside atmosphere and soil and their relative contributions, roadside atmospheric dustfall, sediment and soil samples were collected in industrial and nonindustrial areas, and the Pb isotope values of the samples were determined via inductively coupled plasmamass spectrometry (ICPMS). The sources of Pb in the roadside atmosphere and soil samples were quantified via isotope tracing. The results revealed that vehicle emissions contributed the most to Pb in the roadside atmosphere, followed by road sediment and natural atmospheric dustfall, with contributions ranging from 43.5 % to 48.9 %, 35.3–39.8 %, and 15.8–16.7 %, respectively. Roadside atmospheric dustfall contributed the most to Pb in roadside soil, followed by road sediment. Among these sources, roadside atmospheric dustfall and road sediment contributed 68.3–68.4 % and 31.6–31.7 %, respectively, in nonindustrial areas and 61.2–61.3 % and 38.7–38.8 %, respectively, in industrial areas. The results of this study provide a basis for preventing and controlling Pb pollution in roadside soils.

除工业污染源外，道路交通污染源正成为土壤中潜在有毒元素（PTEs）污染的主要来源。运输过程中产生的 PTEs 污染物主要包括铅（Pb）和其他元素。为了明确路边大气和土壤中铅的来源及其相对贡献，本研究在工业区和非工业区采集了路边大气降尘、沉积物和土壤样品，并通过电感耦合质谱法（ICPMS）测定了样品中铅的同位素值。通过同位素追踪，对路边大气和土壤样本中的铅来源进行了量化。结果表明，车辆排放物对路边大气中的铅贡献最大，其次是道路沉积物和自然降尘，贡献率分别为 43.5% 至 48.9%、35.3% 至 39.8%、15.8% 至 16.7%。路边降尘对路边土壤中铅的影响最大，其次是道路沉积物。在这些来源中，路边降尘和道路沉积物在非工业区分别占 68.3-68.4% 和 31.6-31.7%，在工业区分别占 61.2-61.3% 和 38.7-38.8%。该研究结果为预防和控制路边土壤中的铅污染提供了依据。

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引用次数: 0

Enhanced visible light photocatalytic activity of Pt cluster modified carbon nitrides for U(VI) removal 增强铂簇修饰碳氮化物去除铀(VI)的可见光光催化活性

IF 7.4 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering

Pub Date : 2024-09-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.jece.2024.114211

Photocatalysis has been regarded as one of the effective methods of removing U(VI) from radioactive wastewater in recent years, due to the benefits of being environmentally friendly and efficient. In this work, a Pt cluster modified carbon nitride photocatalyst (Pt-CN) was synthesized in zinc chloride molten salt. The photocatalysts were characterized by XRD, IR, XPS, UV–vis, PL and EIS. The result demonstrated that the doping of Pt makes Pt-CN show higher electronic conductivity and better charge separation and migration, leading to an enhanced photocatalytic activity and faster kinetics compared with bulk graphitic carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄). Moreover, for uranium contained solution photocatalytic treatment, Pt-CN reached 94.6 % removal efficiency after 300 min of illumination with Xe light, and the kinetics improved by a factor of three compared to that of g-C₃N₄. Furthermore, the good reusability and photostability of the Pt-CN was confirmed as the removal efficiency remained at 83.7 % even after being recycled and reused five times. The photocatalytic reaction product was characterized as (UO₂)O₂·2 H₂O, and the mechanism was deduced as uranium species reacting with H₂O₂ generated by light illumination in an open system. This molten salt one-step synthesis and Pt doping method and the performance of U(VI) extraction in air showed a promising potential for the application of Pt-CN for U(VI) extraction and removal from water.

近年来，光催化技术因其环保、高效等优点而被视为去除放射性废水中 U（VI）的有效方法之一。本研究在氯化锌熔盐中合成了铂簇修饰的氮化碳光催化剂（Pt-CN）。通过 XRD、IR、XPS、UV-vis、PL 和 EIS 对光催化剂进行了表征。结果表明，与块状氮化石墨碳（g-C3N4）相比，掺杂铂使 Pt-CN 显示出更高的电子传导性和更好的电荷分离与迁移，从而提高了光催化活性和更快的动力学速度。此外，对于含铀溶液的光催化处理，在 Xe 光照射 300 分钟后，Pt-CN 的去除率达到 94.6%，与 g-C3N4 相比，动力学性能提高了三倍。此外，Pt-CN 的良好重复利用率和光稳定性也得到了证实，即使经过五次回收和重复利用，其去除效率仍保持在 83.7%。光催化反应产物的特征为 (UO2)O2-2 H2O，其机理推断为铀物种与光照在开放系统中产生的 H2O2 发生反应。这种熔盐一步合成和掺杂铂的方法以及在空气中萃取铀(VI)的性能表明，Pt-CN 在水中萃取和去除铀(VI)方面的应用前景广阔。

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