Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Comparison of three sedation protocols using midazolam and opioids in domestic ferrets (Mustela Putorius Furo)","authors":"Jessie Vandenbruggen ,&nbsp;Barbara Ambros ,&nbsp;Hugues Beaufrère ,&nbsp;Isabelle Desprez","doi":"10.1053/j.jepm.2025.09.017","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.jepm.2025.09.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Performing routine diagnostic tests in ferrets can be challenging without sedation, and intramuscular injections may be problematic due to their limited muscle mass. This study aimed to achieve moderate sedation levels using subcutaneously administered combinations of opioids and midazolam in ferrets. The effects, quality, and duration of sedation, as well as the cardiovascular and respiratory effects of midazolam in combination with three different opioids, were also evaluated.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Twelve healthy adult ferrets were used in a randomized, blinded, crossover study. Three sedation protocols were evaluated: MM group with midazolam (0.5 mg/kg SC) and methadone (0.3 mg/kg SC), MB group with midazolam (0.5 mg/kg SC) and butorphanol (0.2 mg/kg SC) and MH group with midazolam (0.5 mg/kg SC) and hydromorphone (0.2 mg/kg SC). Sedation scores and vital parameters were recorded every five minutes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>All 12 ferrets lost their righting reflex in the MB group and 11 out of 12 in the MH group. In the MM group, only 1 out of 12 lost his righting reflex, and for only 2 minutes. The median sedation duration (between loss and return of righting reflex) was 33.5 minutes (4–66) in the MH group and 42 minutes (36–72) in the MB group. MB group had a significantly shorter time to sternal recumbency, lateral recumbency and loss of righting reflex compared to MH group. The heart rate was significantly lower with MB when compared to MH, and MB induced significantly lower respiratory rates compared to both MH and MM. Retching and vomiting were observed in 84% of ferrets in the MH group, 42% in the MM group and 17% in the MB group.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion and clinical relevance</h3><div>Subcutaneous administration of midazolam at 0.5 mg/kg in combination with either hydromorphone at 0.2 mg/kg or butorphanol at 0.2 mg/kg achieved moderate sedation. The combination of midazolam and butorphanol used in this study showed fewer side effects and variability in sedation duration, which may make it a more appropriate choice in a clinical setting.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15801,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine","volume":"55 ","pages":"Pages 21-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145361533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surgical correction of unilateral entropion in a Syrian hamster","authors":"Audrey Simonian,&nbsp;Giulianna Obeid,&nbsp;Lara Cusack","doi":"10.1053/j.jepm.2025.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.jepm.2025.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>This case report describes the diagnosis, medical management, and surgical correction of congenital entropion with secondary trichiasis, blepharitis, and conjunctivitis in a 3-month-old male Syrian hamster (<em>Mesocricetus auratus</em>).</div></div><div><h3>Case description</h3><div>The patient presented with chronic left ocular discharge and eyelid inflammation that persisted despite medical therapy, including topical and systemic antibiotics, anti-inflammatory medications, and environmental modifications. A sedated ocular examination confirmed entropion and trichiasis, which were deemed the primary causes of ongoing ocular irritation. Surgical intervention, utilizing a modified Hotz-Celsus technique, was performed to correct the anatomical defect. Postoperative recovery was uneventful, with resolution of clinical signs and no recurrence observed during follow-up.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions and case relevance</h3><div>Based on the literature search described below, this is the first reported case of surgical entropion correction in a Syrian hamster. The case highlights the challenges of diagnosing and managing ophthalmic conditions in small rodents, including limitations in ophthalmic examination, the importance of husbandry modifications, and the risks associated with anesthesia in these species. This report underscores the feasibility of surgical intervention in hamsters when medical management fails and provides insights into the multifactorial etiology of ocular disease in this species. Further research is needed to evaluate long-term outcomes and refine treatment protocols for ophthalmic conditions in hamsters.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15801,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine","volume":"55 ","pages":"Pages 28-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145361718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review of: Ballard B and Cheek R, editors. “Exotic animal medicine for the veterinary technician”, 4th edition. Wiley Blackwell Inc, 705p; 2024","authors":"Lorelei D’Avolio","doi":"10.1053/j.jepm.2025.06.002","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.jepm.2025.06.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15801,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine","volume":"54 ","pages":"Pages 37-38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144687261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk and protective factors associated with clinical urolithiasis in pet guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus)","authors":"Hannah J. Dadah ,&nbsp;Michelle G. Hawkins ,&nbsp;Andrea W. Munk ,&nbsp;Jodi L. Westropp ,&nbsp;Philip H. Kass ,&nbsp;Hugues Beaufrère","doi":"10.1053/j.jepm.2025.07.005","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.jepm.2025.07.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To determine potential risk and protective factors for the development of clinical urolithiasis in pet guinea pigs.</div></div><div><h3>Animals</h3><div>Approximately 242 guinea pigs (<em>Cavia porcellus</em>).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Signalment, dietary and medical history were recorded from urolith submissions from affected guinea pigs. The controls were identified via an online survey from owners of nonclinical pet guinea pigs, and data was collected regarding signalment, past medical history and diet. Clinical urolithiasis is defined as animals having or had the presence of uroliths identified via imaging, surgery, or manual expulsion, and control subjects may include subclinical or asymptomatic cases. Diets for control and affected subjects were assessed for percentage of pellets, hay, fruits/vegetables, high-calcium dietary items and vitamin C offered. Models were constructed with the best fit evaluated using Hosmer-Lemeshow tests. The 2 predictive models used, %hay (PH) and %pellets (PP), could not be combined due to their collinear nature.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Data from 70 affected and 172 control guinea pigs were included in the analyses. Guinea pigs ≥24 months had higher odds of developing urolithiasis (PH: OR = 30.74; 95% CI [6.26–150.9], <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001; PP: OR = 19.23; 95% CI [4.64–79.65], <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). Animals ≥1300 grams were more protected against urolithiasis (PH: OR = 0.05; 95% CI [0.0042–0.48], <em>P</em> &lt; 0.010; PP: OR = 0.05; 95% CI [0.0045–0.47], <em>P</em> &lt; 0.009). Affected males were overrepresented (62.8%, 44/70). Diets higher in %hay (PH: OR = 0.94; 95% CI [0.91–0.97], <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) or greater variety of fruits/vegetables (&gt;7 types) (PH: OR = 0.66; 95% CI [0.57–0.76], <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001; PP: OR = 0.69; 95% CI [0.61–0.80], <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) were more protective; guinea pigs with diets higher in %pellets were more likely to develop urolithiasis (PP: OR = 1.05; 95% CI [1.02–1.09], <em>P</em> &lt; 0.003). High moisture (&gt;50%) food items, such as bell peppers, tomatoes and romaine lettuce were especially protective against the formation of uroliths.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions and clinical relevance</h3><div>Age, body weight, sex and dietary factors are important considerations for the development of clinical urolithiasis in guinea pigs and should be considered when tailoring preventative strategies for guinea pigs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15801,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine","volume":"54 ","pages":"Pages 28-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144687259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Veterinary spending patterns for pet rabbits in Spain","authors":"Miguel Gallego-Agundez ,&nbsp;Cristina Díaz-Berciano","doi":"10.1053/j.jepm.2025.07.006","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.jepm.2025.07.006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15801,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine","volume":"54 ","pages":"Pages 43-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144713170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AEMV 3Q Newsletter 2025","authors":"","doi":"10.1053/S1557-5063(25)00071-0","DOIUrl":"10.1053/S1557-5063(25)00071-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15801,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine","volume":"54 ","pages":"Pages I-III"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144903836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnosis and treatment of an ossified auricular hematoma in a domestic rabbit","authors":"Hilary S. Stern ,&nbsp;Ethan Biswell","doi":"10.1053/j.jepm.2025.07.001","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.jepm.2025.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15801,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine","volume":"54 ","pages":"Pages 26-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144687562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex and age-specific select hematologic and biochemical reference intervals for koi (Cyprinus rubrofuscus)","authors":"Alexandra T. Troiano ,&nbsp;Melanie Ammersbach ,&nbsp;Kelsey D. Brust ,&nbsp;Kathryn L. Philips ,&nbsp;Hugues Beaufrère ,&nbsp;Esteban Soto","doi":"10.1053/j.jepm.2025.05.001","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.jepm.2025.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Fish are the most numerous pet throughout the United States, and ornamental Koi (<em>Cyprinus rubrofuscus</em>) are one of the most common ornamental pet fish in California, USA. Previous reference intervals have been established in a small sample size of koi but differences between age and sex in ornamental koi have not been investigated. The objective of this study was to establish hematologic and biochemical reference intervals for healthy koi stratified by age (juvenile vs adult) and sex (male vs female).</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Blood samples were collected from 50 adult males, 50 adult females and 50 juvenile koi from a commercial vendor. Heparinized whole blood was used to perform a manual complete blood count (CBC) and biochemical parameters were analyzed from plasma samples. Reference intervals were determined using a non-parametric method to obtain the 2.5% and 97.5% percentiles following elimination of outliers.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Many of the investigated laboratory values were found to be similar between groups, but statistically significant differences were found between ages for calcium, anion gap, and thrombocyte count, and among both age and sex for phosphorus, bicarbonate, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), glucose, red blood cell count (RBC), white blood cell count (WBC), and lymphocyte count.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Statistically significant differences between ages and sexes were found to exist for various analytes, but the differences are unlikely to be clinically relevant given the large degree of overlap of the partitioned reference intervals. Overall, reference intervals for the investigated hematological and biochemical values were similar in nonbreeding koi regardless of sex and age.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":15801,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine","volume":"54 ","pages":"Pages 1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144270104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Avian & Exotic News","authors":"","doi":"10.1053/j.jepm.2025.06.003","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.jepm.2025.06.003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15801,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine","volume":"54 ","pages":"Pages 41-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144696585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surgical management of metritis, salpingitis and vaginal tubular adenocarcinoma in a sugar glider (Petaurus breviceps)","authors":"Veronica Pardini ,&nbsp;Bairon Madrigal","doi":"10.1053/j.jepm.2025.07.004","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.jepm.2025.07.004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15801,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine","volume":"54 ","pages":"Pages 35-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144687260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}