Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1053/j.jepm.2023.11.001
Nitzan Adam, David Eshar
Background
Crenosoma striatum lungworm infestation is common in many free-ranging hedgehogs. This report describes the clinical experience when using a commercial moxidectin/praziquantel combination against natural C. striatum infestation in rescued Southern white-breasted hedgehogs (Erinaceus concolor).
Methods
In total, 24 hedgehogs received a commercial moxidectin/praziquantel combination at 1.2 mg per kg and 7.0 mg per kg bodyweight orally after showing C. striatum larvae in their feces. Weekly fecal rechecks were performed over 4 weeks.
Results
There were no apparent adverse responses, and nearly all treated hedgehogs (96%) had increased their body weights before their release to the wild. When compared to their initial positive check, none of the treated hedgehogs had showed C. striatum larvae in their last fecal recheck.
Conclusion and Clinical Relevance
Based on our observations, a single oral administration of moxidectin/praziquantel is safe and effective for treatment of C. striatum lungworm infestation in Southern white-breasted hedgehogs.
{"title":"Use of a commercial oral moxidectin plus praziquantel combination for treatment of the respiratory nematode Crenosoma striatum in rescued Southern white-breasted hedgehogs (Erinaceus concolor)","authors":"Nitzan Adam, David Eshar","doi":"10.1053/j.jepm.2023.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.jepm.2023.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p><em>Crenosoma striatum</em><span> lungworm infestation is common in many free-ranging hedgehogs. This report describes the clinical experience when using a commercial moxidectin/praziquantel combination against natural </span><em>C. striatum</em> infestation in rescued Southern white-breasted hedgehogs (<span><em>Erinaceus</em><em> concolor</em></span>).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>In total, 24 hedgehogs received a commercial moxidectin/praziquantel combination at 1.2 mg per kg and 7.0 mg per kg bodyweight orally after showing <em>C. striatum</em> larvae in their feces. Weekly fecal rechecks were performed over 4 weeks.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>There were no apparent adverse responses, and nearly all treated hedgehogs (96%) had increased their body weights before their release to the wild. When compared to their initial positive check, none of the treated hedgehogs had showed <em>C. striatum</em> larvae in their last fecal recheck.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion and Clinical Relevance</h3><p>Based on our observations, a single oral administration of moxidectin/praziquantel is safe and effective for treatment of <em>C. striatum</em> lungworm infestation in Southern white-breasted hedgehogs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15801,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138516922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1053/j.jepm.2024.01.007
Brandon J. Louth , J. Jill Heatley , McAllister Council-Troche
Background
Leopard geckos (Eublepharis macularius) are a popular captive bred species of reptile in the exotic pet trade that are commonly seen for clinical presentations consistent with hypovitaminosis A. There has been a lack of antemortem diagnostics available for minimally invasive and appropriate diagnosis of this disease. Reference intervals for retinol have not been published or validated in leopard geckos or any closely related species.
Methods
Plasma, with a sample volume of only 50 µl, from 40 healthy captive bred leopard geckos, 20 males and 20 females were analyzed using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) to determine plasma retinol concentrations.
Results
Using UPLC/MS analysis data was normally distributed and a reference interval for plasma retinol in the leopard gecko was 0.06 to 0.55µg/mL (0.01–0.08µmol/L). A mean of 0.31µg/mL with a lower limit 95% confidence interval being 0.03 to 0.10 µg/mL and upper limit of 0.52 to 0.59 µg/mL. No significant variations of plasma retinol were found based on gecko color morph, age or weight. Female leopard geckos had a slightly higher mean plasma retinol compared to males, but was not significantly different.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance
This study will allow veterinary clinicians to better diagnose and treat hypovitaminosis A and to provide advice on dietary supplementation and dietary improvement for the leopard gecko and possibly other gecko species as well. In addition, these values can be used to design and evaluate other studies for nutritional needs of this species. Limitations of this study include only a single season of collection, no same time comparison to liver values, and the evaluation of only captive bred individuals.
{"title":"Determination of a plasma retinol reference interval in leopard geckos (Eublepharis macularius)","authors":"Brandon J. Louth , J. Jill Heatley , McAllister Council-Troche","doi":"10.1053/j.jepm.2024.01.007","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.jepm.2024.01.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Leopard geckos (<em>Eublepharis macularius</em>) are a popular captive bred species of reptile in the exotic pet trade that are commonly seen for clinical presentations consistent with hypovitaminosis A. There has been a lack of antemortem diagnostics available for minimally invasive and appropriate diagnosis of this disease. Reference intervals for retinol have not been published or validated in leopard geckos or any closely related species.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Plasma, with a sample volume of only 50 µl, from 40 healthy captive bred leopard geckos, 20 males and 20 females were analyzed using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) to determine plasma retinol concentrations.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Using UPLC/MS analysis data was normally distributed and a reference interval for plasma retinol in the leopard gecko was 0.06 to 0.55µg/mL (0.01–0.08µmol/L). A mean of 0.31µg/mL with a lower limit 95% confidence interval being 0.03 to 0.10 µg/mL and upper limit of 0.52 to 0.59 µg/mL. No significant variations of plasma retinol were found based on gecko color morph, age or weight. Female leopard geckos had a slightly higher mean plasma retinol compared to males, but was not significantly different.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions and Clinical Relevance</h3><p>This study will allow veterinary clinicians to better diagnose and treat hypovitaminosis A and to provide advice on dietary supplementation and dietary improvement for the leopard gecko and possibly other gecko species as well. In addition, these values can be used to design and evaluate other studies for nutritional needs of this species. Limitations of this study include only a single season of collection, no same time comparison to liver values, and the evaluation of only captive bred individuals.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15801,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139663085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1053/j.jepm.2023.12.001
Amanda D. Wong , Krista A. Keller , Anthony J. Cerreta , Kirstin Cook , Joanna K. Webb , Kenneth R. Welle , Martha A. Delaney , Audrey Billhymer
Background
Pathology of male guinea pig accessory sex glands is minimally described. Mineral opacities caudal to the pelvis were identified during evaluation of two index cases presenting with urinary signs. The objective of this study was to identify the prevalence of this radiographic finding, suspected to be bulbourethral glands, and to describe associated clinical signs.
Methods
A retrospective review of medical records from a single academic institution was performed identifying male guinea pigs with abdominal radiographs, abdominal computed tomography, and/or necropsy. Available imaging studies were evaluated for mineral opacities caudal to the pelvis and necropsy reports were reviewed. Medical case histories meeting the inclusion criteria were summarized.
Results
Six cases met the inclusion criteria, with a prevalence of 5.17% (6/116) amongst male guinea pigs with abdominal imaging that included the soft tissues caudal to the pelvis. Collimation of 25% (28/112) of radiographic studies and 50% (4/8) of computed tomographic studies excluded this region. One necropsy report (3.23%, 1/31) during the study period evaluated the accessory sex glands. The most common clinical signs in identified cases were hematuria (66.7%, 4/6) and stranguria (50%, 3/6).
Conclusions and clinical relevance
The clinical significance of radiographic mineralization in the vicinity of the bulbourethral glands is unknown. This radiographic finding may be underreported due to collimation practices which may exclude the soft tissues caudal to the pelvis. Purposeful evaluation of these organs should be performed during imaging and necropsy evaluation to screen and develop better understanding of the clinical significance of this radiographic finding.
{"title":"Visualization of radiographic mineral opacities in guinea pigs in the location of the bulbourethral glands may be underdiagnosed","authors":"Amanda D. Wong , Krista A. Keller , Anthony J. Cerreta , Kirstin Cook , Joanna K. Webb , Kenneth R. Welle , Martha A. Delaney , Audrey Billhymer","doi":"10.1053/j.jepm.2023.12.001","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.jepm.2023.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p><span>Pathology of male guinea pig accessory sex glands is minimally described. Mineral opacities caudal to the pelvis were identified during evaluation of two index cases presenting with </span>urinary<span> signs. The objective of this study was to identify the prevalence of this radiographic finding, suspected to be bulbourethral glands, and to describe associated clinical signs.</span></p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p><span>A retrospective review of medical records from a single academic institution was performed identifying male guinea pigs with abdominal radiographs, abdominal computed tomography, and/or </span>necropsy. Available imaging studies were evaluated for mineral opacities caudal to the pelvis and necropsy reports were reviewed. Medical case histories meeting the inclusion criteria were summarized.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Six cases met the inclusion criteria, with a prevalence of 5.17% (6/116) amongst male guinea pigs with abdominal imaging that included the soft tissues caudal to the pelvis. Collimation of 25% (28/112) of radiographic studies and 50% (4/8) of computed tomographic studies excluded this region. One necropsy report (3.23%, 1/31) during the study period evaluated the accessory sex glands. The most common clinical signs in identified cases were hematuria (66.7%, 4/6) and stranguria (50%, 3/6).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions and clinical relevance</h3><p>The clinical significance of radiographic mineralization in the vicinity of the bulbourethral glands is unknown. This radiographic finding may be underreported due to collimation practices which may exclude the soft tissues caudal to the pelvis. Purposeful evaluation of these organs should be performed during imaging and necropsy evaluation to screen and develop better understanding of the clinical significance of this radiographic finding.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15801,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139035179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1053/j.jepm.2024.01.001
Débora G. Pinto , Marcelo P.N. de Carvalho , Kathleen F. Grego , Sávio S. Sant'Anna , Sung S. Watanabe , Paulo Sergio de M. Barros , Angélica M.V. Safatle
{"title":"Evaluation of Bothrops jararaca retina using optical coherence tomography","authors":"Débora G. Pinto , Marcelo P.N. de Carvalho , Kathleen F. Grego , Sávio S. Sant'Anna , Sung S. Watanabe , Paulo Sergio de M. Barros , Angélica M.V. Safatle","doi":"10.1053/j.jepm.2024.01.001","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.jepm.2024.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15801,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139375899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Primary lung neoplasms have rarely been reported in rabbits. The present case describes the diagnosis and successful surgical management of acinar adenocarcinoma in a pet rabbit.
Case description
An 8-year-old neutered male rabbit presented with signs of dyspnea that had worsened over several days. Thoracic radiography revealed a soft-tissue opacity in the right medial pulmonary lobe, which was subsequently confirmed on thoracic ultrasound. Computed tomography was performed, revealing a heterogeneous ovoid parenchymal mass. This mass was in contact with the caudal vena cava and the right diaphragmatic pilar. Fine-needle aspiration was performed, and the cytology results were consistent with an epithelial neoplasm in the right medial lobe. Right lateral thoracotomy and lobectomy of the right medial pulmonary lobe were performed. The patient recovered uneventfully, with improved appetite and fecal output. Histological analysis of the mass was consistent with acinar adenocarcinoma. Regular follow-up radiographs did not reveal any significant abnormalities.
Conclusions and case relevance
This case report describes the successful clinical management of an acinar adenocarcinoma of the lung treated by thoracic surgery in a pet rabbit. Primary pulmonary neoplasm should be a differential in rabbits presenting with respiratory signs.
{"title":"Successful management of acinar adenocarcinoma by pulmonary lobectomy in a pet rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus)","authors":"Laura Mercado , Isabelle Desprez , François Lafuma , Delphine Sarran , Julien Brune , Minh Huynh , Jérôme Abadie , Emmanuel Risi","doi":"10.1053/j.jepm.2023.06.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jepm.2023.06.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Primary lung neoplasms have rarely been reported in rabbits. The present case describes the diagnosis and successful surgical management of acinar adenocarcinoma in a pet rabbit.</p></div><div><h3>Case description</h3><p>An 8-year-old neutered male rabbit presented with signs of dyspnea that had worsened over several days. Thoracic radiography revealed a soft-tissue opacity in the right medial pulmonary lobe, which was subsequently confirmed on thoracic ultrasound. Computed tomography<span> was performed, revealing a heterogeneous ovoid parenchymal mass. This mass was in contact with the caudal vena cava and the right diaphragmatic pilar. Fine-needle aspiration was performed, and the cytology results were consistent with an epithelial neoplasm in the right medial lobe. Right lateral thoracotomy and lobectomy of the right medial pulmonary lobe were performed. The patient recovered uneventfully, with improved appetite and fecal output. Histological analysis of the mass was consistent with acinar adenocarcinoma. Regular follow-up radiographs did not reveal any significant abnormalities.</span></p></div><div><h3>Conclusions and case relevance</h3><p>This case report describes the successful clinical management of an acinar adenocarcinoma of the lung treated by thoracic surgery in a pet rabbit. Primary pulmonary neoplasm should be a differential in rabbits presenting with respiratory signs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15801,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49901398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Avian anesthesia can be challenging due to birds’ anatomical and physiological peculiarities. Also, most drug doses and combinations used are empirical. The objective of this study was to evaluate the anesthetic quality and physiological changes after dexmedetomidine-ketamine sedation and isoflurane anesthesia in the saker falcon (Falco cherrug).
Methods
Twelve falcons weighing (mean±standard deviation) 915±175g were included in the study. Pre-sedation heart rate (HR) and respiratory rate (RR) were assessed. A combination of ketamine (3mg/kg) and dexmedetomidine (25µg/kg) was administered intramuscularly. Sedation times were recorded, physiological variables assessed, and various blood parameters measured. Induction was performed with isoflurane at 2% for 2 minutes and anesthesia was maintained at 1%. During maintenance, physiological variables were assessed at 5-minute intervals and blood parameters were re-evaluated before reversal administration. Recovery times were documented. Quality of sedation, maintenance, and recovery were assessed.
Results
Sedation was achieved within 2.9±1.0 minutes and quality of sedation and maintenance were deemed «excellent» in all falcons. HR values decreased during sedation (137±38 versus 99±13 beats per minute; p=0.001) and remained constant during maintenance. No significant differences were seen in RR from pre-sedation values. Mean arterial blood pressure (203±14 versus 168±22mmHg; p<0.001) and cloacal temperature (40.3±0.8 versus 38.9±1.0°C; p<0.001) decreased after induction. Hypoxemia (65.9±6.1mmHg) was observed at sedation but resolved during maintenance, while hypercarbia (54.2±11.5mmHg) and acidemia (7.28±0.036) developed. Full recovery was quick (12.3±3.9minutes).
Conclusions and clinical relevance
The proposed drug combination provided for high quality sedation, maintenance, and a satisfactory recovery. Nevertheless, alterations in the falcons’ physiology were documented.
由于鸟类的解剖和生理特性，麻醉可能具有挑战性。此外，使用的大多数药物剂量和组合都是经验性的。本研究的目的是评价右美托咪定-氯胺酮镇静和异氟醚麻醉对萨克猎鹰(Falco cherrug)麻醉质量和生理变化。方法选取体重(均数±标准差)915±175g的12只猎鹰进行研究。评估镇静前心率(HR)和呼吸频率(RR)。氯胺酮(3mg/kg)和右美托咪定(25µg/kg)联合肌注。记录镇静时间，评估生理变量，测量各种血液参数。用2%异氟醚诱导2分钟，麻醉维持在1%。在维持期间，每隔5分钟评估一次生理变量，并在逆转给药前重新评估血液参数。记录了恢复时间。评估镇静、维持和恢复的质量。结果镇静在2.9±1.0 min内实现，镇静和维持质量均为“优”。镇静时HR值降低(137±38 vs 99±13次/分钟);P =0.001)，并在维持期间保持不变。与镇静前相比，RR值无显著差异。平均动脉血压(203±14 vs 168±22mmHg);p<0.001)和肛管温度(40.3±0.8 vs 38.9±1.0°C;P<0.001)诱导后下降。在镇静时观察到低氧血症(65.9±6.1mmHg)，但在维持期间消退，而出现高碳血症(54.2±11.5mmHg)和酸血症(7.28±0.036)。完全恢复迅速(12.3±3.9min)。结论及临床意义所建议的药物组合提供了高质量的镇静，维持和令人满意的恢复。然而，隼的生理变化被记录了下来。
{"title":"Anesthetic effects of dexmedetomedineketamine sedation followed by isoflurane induction and maintenance in the saker falcon (Falco cherrug)","authors":"Eugenio Gaudio , Cristiano Franceschinis , Peter McKinney , Panagiotis Azmanis","doi":"10.1053/j.jepm.2023.07.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jepm.2023.07.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p><span>Avian anesthesia can be challenging due to birds’ anatomical and physiological peculiarities. Also, most drug doses and combinations used are empirical. The objective of this study was to evaluate the anesthetic quality and physiological changes after dexmedetomidine-ketamine sedation and isoflurane anesthesia in the saker falcon (</span><em>Falco cherrug</em>).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Twelve falcons<span> weighing (mean±standard deviation) 915±175g were included in the study. Pre-sedation heart rate (HR) and respiratory rate (RR) were assessed. A combination of ketamine (3mg/kg) and dexmedetomidine (25µg/kg) was administered intramuscularly. Sedation times were recorded, physiological variables assessed, and various blood parameters measured. Induction was performed with isoflurane at 2% for 2 minutes and anesthesia was maintained at 1%. During maintenance, physiological variables were assessed at 5-minute intervals and blood parameters were re-evaluated before reversal administration. Recovery times were documented. Quality of sedation, maintenance, and recovery were assessed.</span></p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Sedation was achieved within 2.9±1.0 minutes and quality of sedation and maintenance were deemed «excellent» in all falcons. HR values decreased during sedation (137±38 <em>versus</em> 99±13 beats per minute; <em>p</em>=0.001) and remained constant during maintenance. No significant differences were seen in RR from pre-sedation values. Mean arterial blood pressure (203±14 <em>versus</em> 168±22mmHg; <em>p</em><0.001) and cloacal temperature (40.3±0.8 <em>versus</em> 38.9±1.0°C; <em>p</em><span><0.001) decreased after induction. Hypoxemia (65.9±6.1mmHg) was observed at sedation but resolved during maintenance, while hypercarbia (54.2±11.5mmHg) and acidemia (7.28±0.036) developed. Full recovery was quick (12.3±3.9minutes).</span></p></div><div><h3>Conclusions and clinical relevance</h3><p>The proposed drug combination provided for high quality sedation, maintenance, and a satisfactory recovery. Nevertheless, alterations in the falcons’ physiology were documented.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15801,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49901406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.1053/j.jepm.2023.09.001
{"title":"In Memorium of Dr. James M. Harris","authors":"","doi":"10.1053/j.jepm.2023.09.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jepm.2023.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15801,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49867717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.1053/j.jepm.2023.08.004
Emily Godollei-Jacob , Mary Walker , Asheley B. Wathen , Bruce H. Noden , João Brandão
{"title":"Treatment of chicken body lice (Menacanthus stramineus) using topical fluralaner in Buff Orpington hens","authors":"Emily Godollei-Jacob , Mary Walker , Asheley B. Wathen , Bruce H. Noden , João Brandão","doi":"10.1053/j.jepm.2023.08.004","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.jepm.2023.08.004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":15801,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48008795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.1053/j.jepm.2023.07.001
Megan Roeder , Pedro Boscan , Sangeeta Rao , Laila Proença , William Guerrera , Maya Grayck , Megan Gish , Michelle N. Sullivan , Miranda J. Sadar
Background
Pain control is a challenge in domestic rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus). The objective of this study was to describe the effect of maropitant on pain scores, food intake, and fecal output in domestic rabbits following elective orchiectomy or ovariohysterectomy.
Methods
Rabbits that underwent orchiectomy or ovariohysterectomy at three institutions were randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups: low-dose maropitant (2 mg/kg SC once), high-dose maropitant (10 mg/kg SC once), and control (1 mL/kg saline SC once). Rabbits were monitored using video surveillance postoperatively. Pain scores were assessed by three blinded observers, and results were grouped into time frames after surgery. Food intake and fecal output were measured until discharge.
Results
There were no local side effects with maropitant administration. There were no statistically significant differences between groups with regard to pain behaviors. An inverse trend was noted between increasing maropitant dosage versus food intake and fecal output, which was not statistically significant.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance
Maropitant at 2 mg/kg SC and at 10 mg/kg SC failed to significantly reduce pain when compared to control group.
{"title":"Use of maropitant for pain management in domestic rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) undergoing elective orchiectomy or ovariohysterectomy","authors":"Megan Roeder , Pedro Boscan , Sangeeta Rao , Laila Proença , William Guerrera , Maya Grayck , Megan Gish , Michelle N. Sullivan , Miranda J. Sadar","doi":"10.1053/j.jepm.2023.07.001","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.jepm.2023.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Pain control is a challenge in domestic rabbits (<span><em>Oryctolagus cuniculus</em></span><span>). The objective of this study was to describe the effect of maropitant on pain scores, food intake, and fecal output in domestic rabbits following elective orchiectomy or ovariohysterectomy.</span></p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Rabbits that underwent orchiectomy or ovariohysterectomy at three institutions were randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups: low-dose maropitant (2 mg/kg SC once), high-dose maropitant (10 mg/kg SC once), and control (1 mL/kg saline SC once). Rabbits were monitored using video surveillance postoperatively. Pain scores were assessed by three blinded observers, and results were grouped into time frames after surgery. Food intake and fecal output were measured until discharge.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>There were no local side effects with maropitant administration. There were no statistically significant differences between groups with regard to pain behaviors. An inverse trend was noted between increasing maropitant dosage versus food intake and fecal output, which was not statistically significant.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions and Clinical Relevance</h3><p>Maropitant at 2 mg/kg SC and at 10 mg/kg SC failed to significantly reduce pain when compared to control group.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15801,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41869609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.1053/j.jepm.2023.08.002
Noah Díaz-Portalatín , Miranda J. Sadar , Kailey Anderson , João Brandão
Background
Permanent surgical orchiectomy with or without scrotal ablation has become the contraceptive method of choice in male macropods, as reversible chemical methods have found little success.
Case descriptions
Four cases of elective orchiectomy and scrotal ablation utilizing an electrothermal bipolar tissue sealing device (LigaSureTM), a novel technique, was described in 1 red kangaroo (Osphranter rufus), 1 parma wallaby (Notamacropus parma), and 2 red-necked wallabies (Notamacropus rufogriseus). The mean surgical time was 90 seconds. Two cases experienced incision dehiscence during routine postoperative hospitalization. In both cases, the incision was reapposed using skin staples (Case 1) or suture (Case 2), with no further complications noted. No long-term complications were noted following orchiectomy in any of the cases.
Conclusions
While orchiectomy and scrotal ablation were rapid in the described cases with no long-term complications, barbering, and subsequent incisional dehiscence were noted within the first 24 hours postoperatively, requiring reapposition in 2 cases. The authors recommend utilizing appropriately sized vessel-sealing devices based on the size of the scrotal stalk, adequate analgesia, closure with suture, and use of a diaper or an Elizabethan collar to decrease the incidence of incisional dehiscence.
{"title":"Orchiectomy and scrotal ablation using a bipolar electrothermal sealing device in macropods: Four cases","authors":"Noah Díaz-Portalatín , Miranda J. Sadar , Kailey Anderson , João Brandão","doi":"10.1053/j.jepm.2023.08.002","DOIUrl":"10.1053/j.jepm.2023.08.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Permanent surgical orchiectomy with or without scrotal ablation has become the contraceptive method of choice in male macropods, as reversible chemical methods have found little success.</p></div><div><h3>Case descriptions</h3><p>Four cases of elective orchiectomy and scrotal ablation utilizing an electrothermal bipolar tissue sealing device (LigaSure<sup>TM</sup>), a novel technique, was described in 1 red kangaroo (<em>Osphranter rufus</em>), 1 parma wallaby (<em>Notamacropus parma</em>), and 2 red-necked wallabies (<em>Notamacropus rufogriseus</em><span>). The mean surgical time was 90 seconds. Two cases experienced incision dehiscence<span> during routine postoperative hospitalization. In both cases, the incision was reapposed using skin staples (Case 1) or suture (Case 2), with no further complications noted. No long-term complications were noted following orchiectomy in any of the cases.</span></span></p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>While orchiectomy and scrotal ablation were rapid in the described cases with no long-term complications, barbering, and subsequent incisional dehiscence were noted within the first 24 hours postoperatively, requiring reapposition in 2 cases. The authors recommend utilizing appropriately sized vessel-sealing devices based on the size of the scrotal stalk, adequate analgesia, closure with suture, and use of a diaper or an Elizabethan collar to decrease the incidence of incisional dehiscence.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15801,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41921891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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