Journal of Ethnicity in Substance Abuse最新文献

Cough is one of the most frequently reported respiratory symptoms among individuals with substance use disorder (SUD), and chronic cough markedly impairs quality of life through its secondary social, physical, and psychological consequences. This study aimed to translate the COugh Assessment Test (COAT) into Turkish and to evaluate its reliability and validity in individuals with SUD. The finalized Turkish version of the COAT was administered to a sample of 50 clinically stable individuals diagnosed with SUD. Internal consistency of the instrument was evaluated using Cronbach's alpha coefficient, and test-retest reliability was determined by administering the COAT on two separate occasions with a one-week interval between assessments. Construct and convergent validity were examined through Pearson correlation analyses between COAT total scores, peak cough rate (PCFR), and the Leicester Cough Questionnaire (LCQ). The COAT demonstrated acceptable internal consistency (Cronbach's α = 0.738) and excellent test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.889). Construct validity was supported by significant negative correlations with PCFR (r=-0.666, p < 0.001) and the LCQ (r=-0.578, p < 0.001). No floor or ceiling effects were identified, indicating appropriate score distribution and measurement sensitivity. The Turkish version of the COAT demonstrated strong psychometric properties, confirming its validity and reliability as an instrument for evaluating cough-related quality of life in individuals with SUD. Moreover, the use of COAT may enhance patient-clinician communication and contribute to more effective symptom monitoring and management strategies.

Addiction within marriage constitutes not only an individual disorder but a sociocultural rupture that destabilizes Palestinian women's lives, producing what can be described as a form of social death. This qualitative study investigates how addiction intersects with betrayal, domestic violence, financial exploitation, despair, family collapse, and ambivalence, drawing on testimonies shared in two large Palestinian women's Facebook groups. Thirty detailed narratives were thematically analyzed to illuminate the psychological injuries, social silencing, and coping strategies that women mobilize in the face of addiction's harms. Findings reveal that apologies and religious appeals to forgiveness often function as renewed psychological violence, economic abuse compounds humiliation and dependence, and children inherit trauma through exposure to both neglect and violence. Women remain trapped between cultural imperatives of endurance and the urgent need to protect themselves and their children. These narratives confirm international evidence on addiction and violence while highlighting the unique intensification of harm under patriarchal norms, stigma, and systemic abandonment in Palestine.

Virtual health clinics have various benefits in the healthcare process, especially in ensuring individuals with mental illness and substance use disorders access timely care. To examine the impact of virtual health clinics on perceptions of stigma and appointment compliance among patients with mental illness and substance use disorder. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Saudi Arabia at Eradah Complex for Mental health Services. The study recruited 300 participants with mental illness and substance use disorder using a convenience sampling method. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, internalized stigma of mental illness scale and appointment compliance questionnaire. The results showed that the Mean ISMI subscale scores were clustered around the midpoint (Alienation M = 2.51 ± 1.13; Stereotype Endorsement M = 2.48 ± 1.12; Perceived Discrimination M = 2.49 ± 1.13; Social Withdrawal M = 2.51 ± 1.13; Stigma Resistance M = 2.52 ± 1.11; total ISMI M = 2.50 ± 0.20). Missed appointments averaged 2.14 ± 1.70 visits. All ISMI subscales were strongly associated with general stigma (.361-.450, p < .001); Alienation and Social Withdrawal were weakly inversely correlated (r = -.121, p = .036). Stigma did not differ significantly by age, gender, or diagnosis (all p > .05). Virtual clinics in Jeddah are associated with moderate internalized stigma and compliance styles that are congruent with face-to-face care. Whereas stigma dimensions are highly correlated with each other, demographic variables do not predict stigma levels.

This study used the photovoice methodology to understand the experiences of young adults in recovery from substance use disorder in South Korea. Four participants with a history of substance use disorder who maintained abstinence engaged in photovoice. Thematic analysis yielded four overarching themes-(a) what I wish to leave behind; (b) when I feel cravings and how I cope with it; (c) social stigma due to my substance use; and (d) the life that makes me happy-along with 16 subthemes. Findings emphasize the need for culturally tailored interventions to address stigma toward individuals in recovery from substance use disorders.

The substance use disorder in Pakistan is a significant problem that remains under-researched and it is caused by strong cultural and religious traditions. In spite of the severe psychological and social effects, a considerable number of women are blocked by several factors that deprive them of a chance to address the problem in a timely manner. So, the present study aimed to find the determinants of barriers to help seeking in women with substance use disorder in Pakistan. The study used phenomenological approach along with interpretative phenomenology analysis to analyze the data. The participants (N = 12) were recruited through snowball sampling strategy. The results revealed three master themes: a) cultural and religious barriers, b) institutional and structural limitations, and c) interpersonal challenges. Under cultural and religious barriers, the subthemes included externalized stigma and shame, gender expectations and norms, and religious misinterpretations. Institutional and structural limitations comprised a lack of gender-sensitive treatment services and awareness, and a lack of integration with mental health services. Finally, interpersonal challenges encompassed emotional turmoil and a lack of family support. It was concluded that there is an urgent need for gender-responsive, culturally sensitive, and family-inclusive strategies to improve access to treatment for women with substance use disorder in Pakistan.

This study aimed to predict nicotine dependence levels among university students in Türkiye by modeling the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) score as a continuous outcome using penalized regression and machine learning (ML) approaches. A cross-sectional study was conducted with a stratified sample of 1,120 university students, examining 24 psychological, behavioral, motivational, and sociodemographic variables. Six predictive models were compared: linear regression, Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO), Ridge regression, Elastic Net, Support Vector Regression (SVR), and tuned extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost). Penalized regression models and the tuned XGBoost algorithm demonstrated largely comparable predictive performance. XGBoost achieved the highest predictive accuracy (R² = 0.621; adjusted R² = 0.575) and the lowest RMSE (1.678). However, the LASSO model yielded nearly identical performance (R² = 0.620; RMSE = 1.680) while offering greater interpretability through embedded variable selection. Given the negligible difference in predictive accuracy, LASSO was selected as the primary model due to its clinical utility and ability to identify modifiable risk factors. The LASSO model explained approximately 59% of the variance in FTND scores and identified 11 significant predictors, including emotional symptoms (e.g., irritability and depressive mood), habitual smoking, intention to quit, daily cigarette consumption, and family smoking. This study highlights the value of interpretable modeling approaches and underscores that nicotine dependence is shaped by a complex interplay of psychosocial, behavioral, and demographic determinants in addition to physiological factors.

Manga are imaginative graphic novels that often feature adventurous, motivational, and inspirational storylines. Manga genres are broadly categorized by their primary intended audience, as defined by age and gender. The two most popular are Shōnen, targeting male adolescents ages 12 to 17, and Seinen, targeting young male adults ages 18 to 30. These popular genres sometimes present content that depicts risk-taking behavior, such as substance use, which may have adverse effects on young readers. This study documents and compares substance use-related content in Shōnen and Seinen. The study sample consisted of 500 randomly selected chapters from a set of top-selling Shōnen and Seinen series. We used Fisher's exact test to compare prevalence rates between the two genres. We found that 150 out of the 500 chapters (30%) had at least one depiction of substance use, related dialogue, or paraphernalia, with tobacco-related content comprising the majority of these depictions. Shōnen had more tobacco-related content than Seinen (p < 0.01), though the latter had more depictions of ashtrays (p < 0.01). Our sample presented no content related to vaping or prescription drug misuse. The nature and extent of this substance use-related content are generally consistent with current societal norms in Japan. Future research should examine whether young readers' exposure to this content changes their beliefs, attitudes, and behavioral intentions.

There are various studies which investigated the prevalence and risk of suicide among people who use substance. However, there is lack of a systematic review to intensively summarize and analyze the findings of these studies in order to deduce important clinical implications. Hence, this systematic review aimed to explore the prevalence, risk and protective factors of suicidal behavior among people who use drugs and alcohol. A comprehensive search for research articles from 1980 to 2025 was carried out through major databases, data extraction and assessment of quality of the selected research articles were performed by two authors. A total of 26 articles were selected for review. The prevalence of suicidal ideation among substance and alcohol users ranged from 9.9 to 50.7%, while the prevalence of suicidal attempt ranged from 2.7 to 47%. The common risk factors of suicidal behavior among people who use drugs and alcohol were history of dysphoric-mixed or depressive disorders, younger age (<30 years old or 30-39 years), increase number of drug use, polydrug use or concurrent use of more than one substance, history of personality disorders or traits, history of previous or repeated suicidal attempts, and female gender. Those with risk factors of suicidal behavior must be thoroughly monitored, and effective psychosocial intervention for managing the modifiable risk factors must be implemented.

This study aimed to explore potential mediation pathways between racial/ethnic discrimination experience and cannabis use intention through perceived cannabis accessibility and then perceived harm. Preteens (N = 2,690, ages 9-13) from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study (Release 4.0) were included. Structural equation modeling was conducted. Experiencing racial/ethnic discrimination was associated with higher cannabis use intention (β = 0.068, p < 0.05). Preteens who experienced racial/ethnic discrimination were more likely to perceive cannabis as more accessible (β = 0.134, p < 0.05), resulting in lower perceived harm (β=-0.123, p < 0.001), which subsequently increased cannabis use intention (β=-0.085, p < 0.001). These results emphasize the need for interventions to address discrimination-related trauma in preteens.

Introduction: The number of women with substance use disorder has been growing in Iran. The study aims investigation of a new integrated intervention for women and mothers in Tehran, Iran.

Method: This research employed an explanatory sequential mixed-methods design within a three-year cohort survey, investigated the effectiveness of an integrated intervention model on treatment retention and quality of life of mothers and pregnant women with substance use disorder. The data were collected through pre-post-test using questionnaires, focus group discussions guided by semi-structured interviews, and rapid multi-purpose urine test. The tools used are a ten-panel urine drug test and a 26-item WHOQOL-BREF. For the qualitative phase, these focus group discussions were carried out. 53 Participants met the inclusion criteria and entered the research.

Results: The findings show 60.4% of clients retained in treatment. While the overall quality of life did not show a statistically significant increase (p = 0.622, d = 0.13), significant improvements were observed in specific subsets of quality of life: Physical Health (MD = 9.811, 95% CI = [0.374, 19.247], p = 0.042, d = 0.59), Social Relations (MD = 9.729, 95% CI = [0.721, 18.737], p = 0.035, d = 0.61) and environmental (MD = 12.216, 95% CI = [2.688, 21.745], p = 0.013, d = 0.72). Two main themes of 'treatment aspects' and 'social aspects' in the model were identified as the main factors affecting the effectiveness of the treatment classified under different types of social support.

Conclusion: This study demonstrates that a comprehensive integrated intervention model effectively addresses the complex and specific needs of women in recovery. The treatment and social support components of this approach emerged as pivotal components, playing a critical role in meeting these multidimensional needs.