Journal of Ethnicity in Substance Abuse最新文献

Alcohol use is prevalent among college students. Research has found that psychological distress in the form of depression, anxiety, or loneliness has been consistently associated with greater alcohol use. Because Students of Color (SoC) disproportionately experience greater psychological distress than White students, it is critical to determine buffers against psychological distress and subsequent alcohol use consequences. Previous literature found that social support can protect against the effects of psychological distress and weaken its link with alcohol use. This study aimed to determine the moderating effect of social support in the relation between psychological distress and alcohol use among SoC. College Students of Color from across the U.S. (n = 211, M_age = 27.51, SD = 9.63) were recruited via Prolific to answer an online survey through Qualtrics. Linear regression analyses showed that psychological distress variables (i.e., depression, anxiety, and loneliness) were positively associated with alcohol use. However, moderation analysis did not find any form of social support to moderate the relation between psychological distress variables and alcohol use. Future research needs to identify other protective factors against alcohol use to support SoC in their academic journey.

The aim of this study was to examine psychological responses, fear of negative evaluation, and mood-related alexithymia in individuals in addiction recovery who have succeeded versus those who have not. This study employed a causal-comparative design. The research focused on all individuals who sought treatment for addiction at clinics within a specific district in Zahedan city, Iran. Out of the group, 100 individuals were chosen (50 who successfully stopped their addiction and 50 who were unsuccessful in their attempts to quit) through convenience sampling. Data were gathered using the depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21), Lori's fear of negative evaluation scale, and Toronto's mood-emotional alexithymia scale. Data were examined through both descriptive statistics and multivariate analysis of variance. Based on the results, successful and unsuccessful individuals in addiction recovery showed varying levels of depression, stress, fear of negative evaluation, and having no fear of negative evaluation (p < .01). In simpler terms, unsuccessful individuals in addiction recovery scored higher in depression, stress, fear of negative evaluation, inability feeling emotions, inability to express feelings compared to successful individuals. But successful individuals in addiction recovery obtained higher mean scores than unsuccessful individuals in addiction recovery on having no fear of negative evaluation. According to the findings psychological reactions, fear of negative evaluation and mood-emotional alexithymia play a significant role in addiction treatment and can be helpful in addiction recovery in unsuccessful people in addiction recovery. It is feasible to enhance the effectiveness of addiction recovery by implementing interventions that target the reduction of depression, stress, fear of negative evaluation, and alexithymia.

This paper examines self-reported rates of drinking and cannabis use and co-use among White and Hispanic adults randomly selected in four counties in California: Imperial on the border; and Kern, Tulare, and Madera in California's Central Valley. Co-use was significantly higher among the U.S. born than among those born abroad, and in the Central Valley than on the border. Co-users were heavier drinkers, had higher rates of alcohol use disorder, other alcohol problems, and a positive history of illicit drug use than drinkers only.

In this study, we attempted to systematically review and meta-analysis the prevalence and risk factors for illicit substance use (ISU) in Türkiye. Based on the PRISMA 2020 statement and checklist, we considered only full-text research articles on ISU among college students (CS) in Türkiye. We searched relevant research via Web of Science, PubMed, MEDLINE, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, and ULAKBIM between 11.06.2022-12.31.2022. We applied double arcsin transformation to the prevalence values and used the LFK index and trim and fill method to measure publication bias. In addition, we generated doi and funnel plots of the prevalence values reported in the selected studies. Among systematically reviewed 53 studies, we identified and meta-analyzed ISU prevalence in 37 studies. The mean prevalence of ISU was determined to be 0.06 (95% CI: 0.04 to 0.07). We discovered that cannabis was the most commonly used substance, with an aggregate prevalence rate of 0.044 (95% CI: 0.026 to 0.066). Common risk factors for ISU were found to be gender, parental education, income, mental problems/suicide/attempted suicide, ISU in family members/relatives, smoking, and alcohol use. Despite the lower prevalence of ISU among students in Türkiye, the research findings emphasized that it has recently become a significant public health problem among the young.

The present study investigated the effects of social interaction with others who smoke on daily cigarette use among diverse females via ecological momentary assessment methods. Ninety-eight premenopausal females (29.6% White, 70.4% racial/ethnic minority) who smoke daily reported their social interactions and cigarette use over 35-days. Greater than usual levels of social interaction with others who smoke was associated with increased cigarette use that day among racial/ethnic minority females. Future smoking cessation interventions targeting racial/ethnic minority females should consider the impact of social environments on smoking behaviors, such as the frequency of peer interactions with others who smoke.

Abuse is a social concern in all life affairs including sports. This qualitative phenomenological study aimed to explore the lived experience of Iranian athletes who had been abused in sports. The participants were six athletes who had experienced abuse in sports. Due to the sensitivity of the issue, they were selected through the purposeful snowball sampling method. The results of the research showed seven main themes in the Iranian athletes' experience of abuse in sports: (1) stigma, (2) suppressed hatred and anger, (3) psychological pendulum of continuing and abandoning sport, (4) trampled emotions, (5) ambiguity and imposed harassment, (6) victimhood, and (7) feelings of self-blame. Our findings indicate that abuse among athletes is a multifaceted issue that can take different angles. A better understanding of abuse in sports can help prevent and manage this phenomenon.