Pub Date : 2023-11-15DOI: 10.55959/msu0579-9414.5.78.5.9
M.A. Smirnova, A. N. Gennadiev, Y. Chendev, M. V. Bocharnikov
Search for correlations between different soil properties and assessment of their variability is important for understanding soil functioning, allows more optimal planning of field and laboratory research and creates the basis for fertilizing management and precision agriculture. This work is based on the data on the content of organic carbon, pH, bulk density, texture (fractions 1-0,25 mm; 0,25-0,05 mm; 0,05-0,01 mm; 0,01-0,005 mm; 0,005-0,001 mm and <0,001 mm and <0,01 mm), exchange calcium and magnesium carbonates for twelve sites of plowed Chernozems studied in the southern part of the Central Russian Upland (Belgorod oblast). Soil samples were taken layer by layer every 20 cm to 3 m depth. Weak correlation was revealed among studied soil characteristics of the plowed Chernozems. The least correlation with other soil characteristics is characteristic of bulk density, organic carbon content, content of fraction 0,25-0,05 mm and 0,01-0,005 mm. Correlation between the content of bicarbonates and pH values is observed only for accumulative - carbonate horizon and transition horizons. The largest number of correlations between different soil characteristics is for the non-plowed part of humus horizon and the top of transition horizon. The least amount of correlations between soil characteristics was found at depths from 80 to 100 cm. Comparison of the coefficients of variations calculated for different soil layers of a single profile (i. e. intraprofile variability) and for the same soil layers but from different profiles (i. e. lateral variability) showed that the intraprofile variability exceeds the lateral one for the organic carbon, exchangeable potassium and calcium content.
{"title":"CORRELATION AND VARIABILITY OF SOIL PROPERTIES OF ARABLE СHERNOZEMS IN THE SOUTH OF THE CENTRAL RUSSIAN UPLAND","authors":"M.A. Smirnova, A. N. Gennadiev, Y. Chendev, M. V. Bocharnikov","doi":"10.55959/msu0579-9414.5.78.5.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55959/msu0579-9414.5.78.5.9","url":null,"abstract":"Search for correlations between different soil properties and assessment of their variability is important for understanding soil functioning, allows more optimal planning of field and laboratory research and creates the basis for fertilizing management and precision agriculture. This work is based on the data on the content of organic carbon, pH, bulk density, texture (fractions 1-0,25 mm; 0,25-0,05 mm; 0,05-0,01 mm; 0,01-0,005 mm; 0,005-0,001 mm and <0,001 mm and <0,01 mm), exchange calcium and magnesium carbonates for twelve sites of plowed Chernozems studied in the southern part of the Central Russian Upland (Belgorod oblast). Soil samples were taken layer by layer every 20 cm to 3 m depth. Weak correlation was revealed among studied soil characteristics of the plowed Chernozems. The least correlation with other soil characteristics is characteristic of bulk density, organic carbon content, content of fraction 0,25-0,05 mm and 0,01-0,005 mm. Correlation between the content of bicarbonates and pH values is observed only for accumulative - carbonate horizon and transition horizons. The largest number of correlations between different soil characteristics is for the non-plowed part of humus horizon and the top of transition horizon. The least amount of correlations between soil characteristics was found at depths from 80 to 100 cm. Comparison of the coefficients of variations calculated for different soil layers of a single profile (i. e. intraprofile variability) and for the same soil layers but from different profiles (i. e. lateral variability) showed that the intraprofile variability exceeds the lateral one for the organic carbon, exchangeable potassium and calcium content.","PeriodicalId":158808,"journal":{"name":"Lomonosov Geography Journal","volume":"145 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139273782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-15DOI: 10.55959/msu0579-9414.5.78.5.2
D.V. Zayats, A.S. Petrova, T.Kh. Tkachenko
The article analyses the scale and causes of shifts in the regional structure of a major industry market, i. e. the world coffee market. Among the factors that determined high dynamics of the global demand for coffee over the specified period, the growth of well-being of the world population is considered, which is especially fast in developing countries, significantly outpacing the “traditional” markets of developed countries in terms of the coffee consumption growth. Other factors considered are innovations in coffee production technologies, the continuing growth of the urbanization of the population, shifts in the structure of the types of labor activity of the population towards larger share of mental labor, whose representatives are characterized by increased rates of coffee consumption, the growing demand for more expensive and high-quality products, and the strengthening “status” role of coffee consumption. The regional structure of coffee consumption, which is formed under the influence of these factors, is considered. In line with the evolution of demand, there are significant shifts in the supply sphere; it is shown that the regional supply structure has experienced the most significant transformation in the green coffee commodity segment: the main coffee-producing regions of the world have changed their places - the share of Asia has sharply increased and the share of Africa has decreased. It is shown that Asia has also significantly increased its role in the other two main product segments, i.e. roasted and instant coffee. In general, the demonstrated “Asian” shift in the coffee market could evidence the essence of the current economic and geographical transition.
{"title":"TRANSFORMATION OF THE REGIONAL STRUCTURE OF THE WORLD COFFEE MARKET (THE END OF THE 20TH - BEGINNING OF THE 21ST CENTURY)","authors":"D.V. Zayats, A.S. Petrova, T.Kh. Tkachenko","doi":"10.55959/msu0579-9414.5.78.5.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55959/msu0579-9414.5.78.5.2","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyses the scale and causes of shifts in the regional structure of a major industry market, i. e. the world coffee market. Among the factors that determined high dynamics of the global demand for coffee over the specified period, the growth of well-being of the world population is considered, which is especially fast in developing countries, significantly outpacing the “traditional” markets of developed countries in terms of the coffee consumption growth. Other factors considered are innovations in coffee production technologies, the continuing growth of the urbanization of the population, shifts in the structure of the types of labor activity of the population towards larger share of mental labor, whose representatives are characterized by increased rates of coffee consumption, the growing demand for more expensive and high-quality products, and the strengthening “status” role of coffee consumption. The regional structure of coffee consumption, which is formed under the influence of these factors, is considered. In line with the evolution of demand, there are significant shifts in the supply sphere; it is shown that the regional supply structure has experienced the most significant transformation in the green coffee commodity segment: the main coffee-producing regions of the world have changed their places - the share of Asia has sharply increased and the share of Africa has decreased. It is shown that Asia has also significantly increased its role in the other two main product segments, i.e. roasted and instant coffee. In general, the demonstrated “Asian” shift in the coffee market could evidence the essence of the current economic and geographical transition.","PeriodicalId":158808,"journal":{"name":"Lomonosov Geography Journal","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139272160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-15DOI: 10.55959/msu0579-9414.5.78.5.8
A.A. Romanov
Ecologo-geographical differentiation and dynamics of spring migration of water and semiaquatic birds of the Putorana Plateau are analyzed. Eight points were surveyed in the northern, southern, western and eastern parts of the region on the total area of 250 000 km², applying the method of route census. The water and semiaquatic avifauna of the Putorana Plateau during the spring migration period includes 68 species. The birds fly in north, east and west directions. They make stops at the river deltas that thaw out early. Bird population density at stops is from 15 to 227, on average (n = 8) 94 ind./1 km of coastline. The population of birds on lakes is always much smaller than on the adjacent river sections. The entire spring migration of water and semiaquatic birds on the Putorana Plateau takes place from May 19 to June 27 and lasts on average (n = 10) 23 days. The main passage runs from May 25 to June 17 and lasts on average (n = 8) 7 days. Spring migration is most intense in the west of the Putorana Plateau, where at least 20 000-30 000 individuals of water and semiaquatic birds fly through the surveyed points. There are 19 species among the dominants of water and semiaquatic habitats, including Eurasian Wigeon, Common Teal, Greytaild Tattler, Northern Pintail and Little Stint.
{"title":"SPRING MIGRATION OF WATER BIRDS ON THE PUTORANA PLATEAU","authors":"A.A. Romanov","doi":"10.55959/msu0579-9414.5.78.5.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55959/msu0579-9414.5.78.5.8","url":null,"abstract":"Ecologo-geographical differentiation and dynamics of spring migration of water and semiaquatic birds of the Putorana Plateau are analyzed. Eight points were surveyed in the northern, southern, western and eastern parts of the region on the total area of 250 000 km², applying the method of route census. The water and semiaquatic avifauna of the Putorana Plateau during the spring migration period includes 68 species. The birds fly in north, east and west directions. They make stops at the river deltas that thaw out early. Bird population density at stops is from 15 to 227, on average (n = 8) 94 ind./1 km of coastline. The population of birds on lakes is always much smaller than on the adjacent river sections. The entire spring migration of water and semiaquatic birds on the Putorana Plateau takes place from May 19 to June 27 and lasts on average (n = 10) 23 days. The main passage runs from May 25 to June 17 and lasts on average (n = 8) 7 days. Spring migration is most intense in the west of the Putorana Plateau, where at least 20 000-30 000 individuals of water and semiaquatic birds fly through the surveyed points. There are 19 species among the dominants of water and semiaquatic habitats, including Eurasian Wigeon, Common Teal, Greytaild Tattler, Northern Pintail and Little Stint.","PeriodicalId":158808,"journal":{"name":"Lomonosov Geography Journal","volume":"53 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139273753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-15DOI: 10.55959/msu0579-9414.5.78.5.10
N. V. Shartova, M. Grishchenko, T. Vatlina
Access to health care is a key component that determines the possibility of the earliest-possible promotion of health and well-being in the context of everyday life. The article analyzes the spatial accessibility of health services for the population of certain areas of the North of Russia. Urbanized and rural areas in the Arkhangelsk and Murmansk regions and the Yamal-Nenets autonomous region were studied. OpenStreetMap data was used, including information about the location of medical institutions and settlements, and the configuration of road network. Using the ArcGIS Network Analyst toolkit, different accessibility zones were identified for each study area. It was revealed that large cities located in the north of Russia are sufficiently provided with medical care in terms of spatial accessibility. More relevant is the issue of providing specialized types of medical care. Even cities located close to each other show unequal possibilities of obtaining specialized health care. The concentration of specialized care in several centers, without taking into account their transport accessibility, requires additional time and carries risks for the population because of the untimely access to medical care. Rural population remains the most vulnerable in terms of the access to medical care.
{"title":"TERRITORIAL ACCESSIBILITY OF MEDICAL INSTITUTIONS FOR THE RESIDENTS OF THE NORTH OF RUSSIA","authors":"N. V. Shartova, M. Grishchenko, T. Vatlina","doi":"10.55959/msu0579-9414.5.78.5.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55959/msu0579-9414.5.78.5.10","url":null,"abstract":"Access to health care is a key component that determines the possibility of the earliest-possible promotion of health and well-being in the context of everyday life. The article analyzes the spatial accessibility of health services for the population of certain areas of the North of Russia. Urbanized and rural areas in the Arkhangelsk and Murmansk regions and the Yamal-Nenets autonomous region were studied. OpenStreetMap data was used, including information about the location of medical institutions and settlements, and the configuration of road network. Using the ArcGIS Network Analyst toolkit, different accessibility zones were identified for each study area. It was revealed that large cities located in the north of Russia are sufficiently provided with medical care in terms of spatial accessibility. More relevant is the issue of providing specialized types of medical care. Even cities located close to each other show unequal possibilities of obtaining specialized health care. The concentration of specialized care in several centers, without taking into account their transport accessibility, requires additional time and carries risks for the population because of the untimely access to medical care. Rural population remains the most vulnerable in terms of the access to medical care.","PeriodicalId":158808,"journal":{"name":"Lomonosov Geography Journal","volume":"21 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139273201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-15DOI: 10.55959/msu0579-9414.5.78.5.3
T. Yanina, V. Sorokin, D. Semikolennykh
Biostratigraphic analysis of the cores from the Black Sea shelf in the northeastern part of the basin showed that the exposed Karangatian deposits contain shells of Didacna cristata and Didacna subcatillus mollusks in their upper part. The didacnae are of Caspian origin: they are characteristic species of the Hyrcanian transgressive basin that developed in the Caspian at the beginning of the Late Pleistocene. Mollusks migrated to the Karangatian Basin of the Black Sea through the strait that opened in the Manych Depression when the level of the Hyrcanian transgression overreached the threshold of the Manych runoff. The waters of the strait flowed into the Karangatian Basin in the final phase of its development when the sea level was lower than nowadays and salinity didn’t exceed 18‰.
{"title":"CASPIAN MOLLUSKS IN THE KARANGATIAN BASIN OF THE BLACK SEA (THE LATE PLEISTOCENE)","authors":"T. Yanina, V. Sorokin, D. Semikolennykh","doi":"10.55959/msu0579-9414.5.78.5.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55959/msu0579-9414.5.78.5.3","url":null,"abstract":"Biostratigraphic analysis of the cores from the Black Sea shelf in the northeastern part of the basin showed that the exposed Karangatian deposits contain shells of Didacna cristata and Didacna subcatillus mollusks in their upper part. The didacnae are of Caspian origin: they are characteristic species of the Hyrcanian transgressive basin that developed in the Caspian at the beginning of the Late Pleistocene. Mollusks migrated to the Karangatian Basin of the Black Sea through the strait that opened in the Manych Depression when the level of the Hyrcanian transgression overreached the threshold of the Manych runoff. The waters of the strait flowed into the Karangatian Basin in the final phase of its development when the sea level was lower than nowadays and salinity didn’t exceed 18‰.","PeriodicalId":158808,"journal":{"name":"Lomonosov Geography Journal","volume":"50 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139271946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-15DOI: 10.55959/msu0579-9414.5.78.5.11
S. R. Chalov, A. S. Zavadsky, P. Golovlev, V.A. Ivanov
Bank and riverbed erosion produce a significant part of the sediment flux, i.e. its channel component. The article deals with the quantitative assessment of the channel sediment input for more than 14 000 km of the lower reaches of the Ob, Yenisei, Lena, Kamchatka and the Selenga River net. The absolute volumes of sediments supplied by bank erosion are maximum for the lower and middle Lena River (up to 38,7 million tons per year per 100 km of the channel). They are significantly lower for the lower and middle Ob River (down to 19,9 million tons per year per 100 km of the channel), and an order of magnitude smaller (about 2 million tons per year) for the Yenisei River because of the limited conditions for the development of channel processes, and for the Selenga and Kamchatka rivers because of the smaller size of rivers. The volume of sediments of channel origin is two times smaller, than the sediment runoff, for the Yenisei River and exceeds the sediment runoff up to 9 times for other rivers. The maximum rates of bank erosion are common for meandering and branched channels with wide floodplains. Most of the bank erosion within the braided sections of channels is the deformation of islands.
{"title":"CHANNEL COMPONENT OF SEDIMENT YIELD: SPECIFIC FEATURES FOR THE LARGE RIVERS OF RUSSIA","authors":"S. R. Chalov, A. S. Zavadsky, P. Golovlev, V.A. Ivanov","doi":"10.55959/msu0579-9414.5.78.5.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55959/msu0579-9414.5.78.5.11","url":null,"abstract":"Bank and riverbed erosion produce a significant part of the sediment flux, i.e. its channel component. The article deals with the quantitative assessment of the channel sediment input for more than 14 000 km of the lower reaches of the Ob, Yenisei, Lena, Kamchatka and the Selenga River net. The absolute volumes of sediments supplied by bank erosion are maximum for the lower and middle Lena River (up to 38,7 million tons per year per 100 km of the channel). They are significantly lower for the lower and middle Ob River (down to 19,9 million tons per year per 100 km of the channel), and an order of magnitude smaller (about 2 million tons per year) for the Yenisei River because of the limited conditions for the development of channel processes, and for the Selenga and Kamchatka rivers because of the smaller size of rivers. The volume of sediments of channel origin is two times smaller, than the sediment runoff, for the Yenisei River and exceeds the sediment runoff up to 9 times for other rivers. The maximum rates of bank erosion are common for meandering and branched channels with wide floodplains. Most of the bank erosion within the braided sections of channels is the deformation of islands.","PeriodicalId":158808,"journal":{"name":"Lomonosov Geography Journal","volume":"45 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139275218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-15DOI: 10.55959/msu0579-9414.5.78.5.6
S.E. Myshliavtseva, S.A. Merkushev, V.V. Lanin
The main aim of the study is to elaborate the assessment methodology for studying the tourist attractiveness of cities. The assessment procedures were tested for small and medium cities of the Perm region. The cities were assessed according to 8 criteria and 30 indicators. According to the results of calculations, four groups of cities with different indices of tourist attractiveness were identified. The group of the highest tourism attractiveness included the cities of Kungur, Solikamsk, Tchaikovsky and Osa. These are mainly cities that have preserved a rich cultural and natural heritage; over the past two decades there is a systematic approach in making managerial decisions to create a friendly environment. The second group includes the cities of Kudymkar, Nytva, Lysva, Ocher, Cherdyn, Dobryanka and Krasnokamsk. The cities have less attractors of tourist flows. The exception is Cherdyn, which has a high density of cultural heritage, but lags behind in the formation of a service environment. The cities of the group have a high potential, but the increase in tourist attractiveness will depend on the diversification and intensification of the industrial and non-industrial spheres. The third group includes the cities of Gubakha, Chusovoy, Chernushka, Usolye, Krasnovishersk and Vereshchagino. Most of the cities are well-recognizable, due to their location near significant tourist landmarks. To increase the attractiveness of the city centers it is necessary to ensure their closer connection with the surrounding dominants in order to achieve a synergy effect. The fourth group included the cities of Chermoz, Okhansk, Kizel, Aleksandrovsk, Gornozavodsk and Gremyachinsk. The group brings together the cities with the highest share of the lowest performance scores. Their further development requires the formation of a touristfrien
{"title":"ASSESSMENT PROCEDURES FOR STUDYING THE TOURIST ATTRACTIVENESS OF SMALL AND MEDIUM CITIES (CASE STUDY OF THE PERM REGION)","authors":"S.E. Myshliavtseva, S.A. Merkushev, V.V. Lanin","doi":"10.55959/msu0579-9414.5.78.5.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55959/msu0579-9414.5.78.5.6","url":null,"abstract":"The main aim of the study is to elaborate the assessment methodology for studying the tourist attractiveness of cities. The assessment procedures were tested for small and medium cities of the Perm region. The cities were assessed according to 8 criteria and 30 indicators. According to the results of calculations, four groups of cities with different indices of tourist attractiveness were identified. The group of the highest tourism attractiveness included the cities of Kungur, Solikamsk, Tchaikovsky and Osa. These are mainly cities that have preserved a rich cultural and natural heritage; over the past two decades there is a systematic approach in making managerial decisions to create a friendly environment. The second group includes the cities of Kudymkar, Nytva, Lysva, Ocher, Cherdyn, Dobryanka and Krasnokamsk. The cities have less attractors of tourist flows. The exception is Cherdyn, which has a high density of cultural heritage, but lags behind in the formation of a service environment. The cities of the group have a high potential, but the increase in tourist attractiveness will depend on the diversification and intensification of the industrial and non-industrial spheres. The third group includes the cities of Gubakha, Chusovoy, Chernushka, Usolye, Krasnovishersk and Vereshchagino. Most of the cities are well-recognizable, due to their location near significant tourist landmarks. To increase the attractiveness of the city centers it is necessary to ensure their closer connection with the surrounding dominants in order to achieve a synergy effect. The fourth group included the cities of Chermoz, Okhansk, Kizel, Aleksandrovsk, Gornozavodsk and Gremyachinsk. The group brings together the cities with the highest share of the lowest performance scores. Their further development requires the formation of a touristfrien","PeriodicalId":158808,"journal":{"name":"Lomonosov Geography Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139271291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-15DOI: 10.55959/msu0579-9414.5.78.5.5
I.P. Smirnov, P. S. Lebedev
The article deals with topical issues of the development of small cities in Central Russia. The focus is on the spatial growth of small cities and the factors that determine the process. Examples of the spatial development of expanding and shrinking cities are discussed separately. All spatial growth factors were divided into two large groups, i.e. endogenous and exogenous. In the first case, the principal growth factor is the local population, whose efforts expand the urban space. In the second case, the external forces are of key importance, generally the decisions of higher authorities or the activities of large developers. The spatial expansion is quite logical for the growing cities. Most of them are located in the suburbs of regional centers, resulting in the peculiarities of their development due to construction of new multistorey housing complexes, cottage settlements and townhouse complexes. Interestingly, the spatial growth is characteristic of declining cities as well. Moreover, the factors of their spatial growth are more diverse. Therefore, subgroups were distinguished in each group of factors depending on additional causes and agents of change. The endogenous causes of growth include the construction of new housing for the well-off segments of the population, the construction of new social housing, the construction of new housing for the military and the employees of large industrial enterprises, etc. Administrative incorporations of nearby settlements (villages, station settlements, military towns) and the activities of external developers are among the exogenous factors. The study showed that many small towns expand their space under the influence of various factors, this leads to the complication of their urban structure.
{"title":"FACTORS OF THE SPATIAL GROWTH OF SMALL CITIES IN CENTRAL RUSSIA","authors":"I.P. Smirnov, P. S. Lebedev","doi":"10.55959/msu0579-9414.5.78.5.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55959/msu0579-9414.5.78.5.5","url":null,"abstract":"The article deals with topical issues of the development of small cities in Central Russia. The focus is on the spatial growth of small cities and the factors that determine the process. Examples of the spatial development of expanding and shrinking cities are discussed separately. All spatial growth factors were divided into two large groups, i.e. endogenous and exogenous. In the first case, the principal growth factor is the local population, whose efforts expand the urban space. In the second case, the external forces are of key importance, generally the decisions of higher authorities or the activities of large developers. The spatial expansion is quite logical for the growing cities. Most of them are located in the suburbs of regional centers, resulting in the peculiarities of their development due to construction of new multistorey housing complexes, cottage settlements and townhouse complexes. Interestingly, the spatial growth is characteristic of declining cities as well. Moreover, the factors of their spatial growth are more diverse. Therefore, subgroups were distinguished in each group of factors depending on additional causes and agents of change. The endogenous causes of growth include the construction of new housing for the well-off segments of the population, the construction of new social housing, the construction of new housing for the military and the employees of large industrial enterprises, etc. Administrative incorporations of nearby settlements (villages, station settlements, military towns) and the activities of external developers are among the exogenous factors. The study showed that many small towns expand their space under the influence of various factors, this leads to the complication of their urban structure.","PeriodicalId":158808,"journal":{"name":"Lomonosov Geography Journal","volume":"28 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139275051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-15DOI: 10.55959/msu0579-9414.5.78.5.12
Yu.N. Bochkarev, K. Dyakonov, A.V. Soromotin, O.S. Sizov
The dynamics of the phytoproduction process in the period from 1700 to 2020 AD was defined by means of dendrochronological analysis of fifty-five Siberian larch cores taken in a sparse cedar-larch herbaceous forest within the city of Nadym and on a sample plot twenty-six kilometers from Nadym in a sparse cedar-larch green moss-lichen forest. Comparison of generalized dendrochronologies allows us to conclude that before the active growth of the city in 1972, the increase in the control area was more variable and more by 1/3 than within the city. With the expansion of the city over the past 50 years, the increase in productivity within the city bounda-ries exceeded 2,4 times compared to the control area. Analysis of the statistical characteristics of the samples was carried out, showing the significance of the influence of the city on the growth of larches. The method of spatial air temperature differences between Nadym and Tarko-Sale, located 250 km to the southeast, was used. Warming in winter in Nadym was 2,8°C, which is 0,7°C more than in Tarko-Sale. The warming in the summer period is almost the same and amounted to 1,3-1,4°C with a standard deviation of the long-term series of 1,8°C. An increase in air temperature in Nadym could not but affect the growth of larch. The other factors for the growth of bioproductivity are the warming effect of the city (reduction of energy costs for evaporation and an increase in energy costs for heat exchange between the underlying surface and the atmosphere) and agro-forestry reclamation of natural forests.
{"title":"DENDROCHRONOINDICATION OF LOCAL CLIMATE CHANGE IN NADYM CITY OVER THE LAST 50 YEARS","authors":"Yu.N. Bochkarev, K. Dyakonov, A.V. Soromotin, O.S. Sizov","doi":"10.55959/msu0579-9414.5.78.5.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55959/msu0579-9414.5.78.5.12","url":null,"abstract":"The dynamics of the phytoproduction process in the period from 1700 to 2020 AD was defined by means of dendrochronological analysis of fifty-five Siberian larch cores taken in a sparse cedar-larch herbaceous forest within the city of Nadym and on a sample plot twenty-six kilometers from Nadym in a sparse cedar-larch green moss-lichen forest. Comparison of generalized dendrochronologies allows us to conclude that before the active growth of the city in 1972, the increase in the control area was more variable and more by 1/3 than within the city. With the expansion of the city over the past 50 years, the increase in productivity within the city bounda-ries exceeded 2,4 times compared to the control area. Analysis of the statistical characteristics of the samples was carried out, showing the significance of the influence of the city on the growth of larches. The method of spatial air temperature differences between Nadym and Tarko-Sale, located 250 km to the southeast, was used. Warming in winter in Nadym was 2,8°C, which is 0,7°C more than in Tarko-Sale. The warming in the summer period is almost the same and amounted to 1,3-1,4°C with a standard deviation of the long-term series of 1,8°C. An increase in air temperature in Nadym could not but affect the growth of larch. The other factors for the growth of bioproductivity are the warming effect of the city (reduction of energy costs for evaporation and an increase in energy costs for heat exchange between the underlying surface and the atmosphere) and agro-forestry reclamation of natural forests.","PeriodicalId":158808,"journal":{"name":"Lomonosov Geography Journal","volume":"25 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139272798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-15DOI: 10.55959/msu0579-9414.5.78.5.7
N. A. Sluka, I.K. Tverdov
The article deals with the study of Greater Paris in the context of changing paradigm of the development of a large city under the transnationalization of world economy and the process of globalization. The contribution of A.E. Sluka, Professor of the Moscow University, Honorary Member of the Russian Geographical Society, who created a “dynamic” portrait of the French capital of the second half of the twentieth - early twenty-first centuries on the basis of the synthetic approaches and revealed the main features of its socio-economic geography, is evaluated. The article analyzes shifts in the functional structure of the metropolis during the transition to the “international city” model as a result of the implementation of the decentralization and dein-dustrialization policy. The scientist’s ideas on studying the competencies of the city as a corporate center and in the context of practices of the largest agglomerations of the world are being developed. GIS technologies are applied to describe the specific features of Greater Paris as a location of the country’s largest TNCs and the acceptor of branches of foreign companies. The multidisciplinary nature of large national business is revealed, which contributes to the development of interfirm cooperation and serves as an additional resource for the competitiveness of the city. The sectoral structure of foreign corporate segment of its economy is dominated by companies in the material sphere of production (mechanical engineering, chemical and food industries), while the geographical structure is dominated by the US TNCs. There is a consolidated placement of local and foreign companies mainly in three functionally different clusters (within the historical core, the Defense district and Paris-Saclay). Based on the materials of international statistics and ratings of cities, the modern place of Greater Paris among the “world capitals” is considered applying the comparative geographical method. Most ratings include it in the top-5 cities of the planet and characterize it as a multifunctional center of global importance, permanently expanding the scope of its competencies. Being inferior in absolute value of the main economic resources, innovative and environmental indicators, it is ahead of many largest agglomerations of the world in terms of the scope of economic and political influence, information exchange and cultural interaction, as well as the quality of life; it is well-known by specific creative industries. When analyzing the image of the French capital on the basis of sociological surveys, the stability of its “global attractiveness” is noted due to the resources of symbolic capital, which plays an increasingly important role in the information society.
{"title":"STUDYING THE CHANGING COMPETENCIES OF GREATER PARIS (TO THE 100TH ANNIVERSARY OF A.E. SLUKA)","authors":"N. A. Sluka, I.K. Tverdov","doi":"10.55959/msu0579-9414.5.78.5.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55959/msu0579-9414.5.78.5.7","url":null,"abstract":"The article deals with the study of Greater Paris in the context of changing paradigm of the development of a large city under the transnationalization of world economy and the process of globalization. The contribution of A.E. Sluka, Professor of the Moscow University, Honorary Member of the Russian Geographical Society, who created a “dynamic” portrait of the French capital of the second half of the twentieth - early twenty-first centuries on the basis of the synthetic approaches and revealed the main features of its socio-economic geography, is evaluated. The article analyzes shifts in the functional structure of the metropolis during the transition to the “international city” model as a result of the implementation of the decentralization and dein-dustrialization policy. The scientist’s ideas on studying the competencies of the city as a corporate center and in the context of practices of the largest agglomerations of the world are being developed. GIS technologies are applied to describe the specific features of Greater Paris as a location of the country’s largest TNCs and the acceptor of branches of foreign companies. The multidisciplinary nature of large national business is revealed, which contributes to the development of interfirm cooperation and serves as an additional resource for the competitiveness of the city. The sectoral structure of foreign corporate segment of its economy is dominated by companies in the material sphere of production (mechanical engineering, chemical and food industries), while the geographical structure is dominated by the US TNCs. There is a consolidated placement of local and foreign companies mainly in three functionally different clusters (within the historical core, the Defense district and Paris-Saclay). Based on the materials of international statistics and ratings of cities, the modern place of Greater Paris among the “world capitals” is considered applying the comparative geographical method. Most ratings include it in the top-5 cities of the planet and characterize it as a multifunctional center of global importance, permanently expanding the scope of its competencies. Being inferior in absolute value of the main economic resources, innovative and environmental indicators, it is ahead of many largest agglomerations of the world in terms of the scope of economic and political influence, information exchange and cultural interaction, as well as the quality of life; it is well-known by specific creative industries. When analyzing the image of the French capital on the basis of sociological surveys, the stability of its “global attractiveness” is noted due to the resources of symbolic capital, which plays an increasingly important role in the information society.","PeriodicalId":158808,"journal":{"name":"Lomonosov Geography Journal","volume":"26 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139273251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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