Pub Date : 2022-12-26DOI: 10.47619/2713-2617.zm.2022.v.3i4;114-121
P. Ananchenkova, Natalya S. Ogurtsova
Introduction. Wellness tourism is an application of the tourism industry as a whole, which people use to receive certain treatment or improve their mental, physical or spiritual well-being through health or medical activities. The purpose of the work is to consider the dynamics of development and prospects of the world health tourism market based on the data of the Global Wellness Institute. Materials and methods. When working on the topic, general scientific research methods, the method of secondary data analysis were used, with the help of which statistical and forecast trends and indicators of global and regional wellness tourism markets are presented. Results. Current trends and analytical forecasts indicate good prospects and sustainable development of the health tourism market. An increasing number of countries, regions and destinations want to be involved in this business and see it as a source of economic growth and prosperity. For citation: Ananchenkova PI, Ogurtsova NS, Current development trends of the global health tourism market // City Healthсare. 2022;3(4): 114–121 doi:10.47619/2713-2617.zm.2022.v.3i4;114–121
{"title":"Current development trends of the global health tourism market","authors":"P. Ananchenkova, Natalya S. Ogurtsova","doi":"10.47619/2713-2617.zm.2022.v.3i4;114-121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47619/2713-2617.zm.2022.v.3i4;114-121","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Wellness tourism is an application of the tourism industry as a whole, which people use to receive certain treatment or improve their mental, physical or spiritual well-being through health or medical activities. The purpose of the work is to consider the dynamics of development and prospects of the world health tourism market based on the data of the Global Wellness Institute. \u0000Materials and methods. When working on the topic, general scientific research methods, the method of secondary data analysis were used, with the help of which statistical and forecast trends and indicators of global and regional wellness tourism markets are presented. \u0000Results. Current trends and analytical forecasts indicate good prospects and sustainable development of the health tourism market. An increasing number of countries, regions and destinations want to be involved in this business and see it as a source of economic growth and prosperity. \u0000For citation: Ananchenkova PI, Ogurtsova NS, Current development trends of the global health tourism market // City Healthсare. 2022;3(4): 114–121 doi:10.47619/2713-2617.zm.2022.v.3i4;114–121","PeriodicalId":158882,"journal":{"name":"City Healthcare","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121588648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-26DOI: 10.47619/2713-2617.zm.2022.v.3i4;84-91
G. D. Petrova, E. Aksenova
The relevance of the problem under study is due to the fact that medicine has a special place in the cultural system, and its main task is to preserve people's life and health. The high-quality implementation of the national project "Healthcare", which across the country covers 70 subjects and hundreds of medical organizations of various forms of ownership, calls for the presence in medical organizations of a qualified specialist who meets all modern requirements – a coordinator for working with foreign patients as a link between a team of like-minded people on work with foreign citizens and patients themselves. Today, this knowledge is especially relevant due to the development of international cooperation and establishing contacts in the professional field, the exchange of scientific and practical achievements, strengthening the international reputation of Russian healthcare and the practical application of the principles of humanitarian diplomacy. Therefore, effective communication in the provision of medical services is impossible without knowledge of the cultural characteristics of peoples, which is especially important for medical professionals who must be extremely careful in communicating and providing medical care to foreign patients. Ultimately, the positive experience of a foreign patient has a direct impact on the volume of attracted extrabudgetary financing for the development of exports of medical services. For citation: Petrova GD, Aksenova EI. Socio-cultural competencies of the coordinator for work with foreign patients. City Healthсare. 2022;3(4): 84–91 doi:10.47619/2713-2617.zm.2022.v.3i4;84–91
{"title":"Socio-cultural competencies of the coordinator for work with foreign patients","authors":"G. D. Petrova, E. Aksenova","doi":"10.47619/2713-2617.zm.2022.v.3i4;84-91","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47619/2713-2617.zm.2022.v.3i4;84-91","url":null,"abstract":"The relevance of the problem under study is due to the fact that medicine has a special place in the cultural system, and its main task is to preserve people's life and health. The high-quality implementation of the national project \"Healthcare\", which across the country covers 70 subjects and hundreds of medical organizations of various forms of ownership, calls for the presence in medical organizations of a qualified specialist who meets all modern requirements – a coordinator for working with foreign patients as a link between a team of like-minded people on work with foreign citizens and patients themselves. \u0000Today, this knowledge is especially relevant due to the development of international cooperation and establishing contacts in the professional field, the exchange of scientific and practical achievements, strengthening the international reputation of Russian healthcare and the practical application of the principles of humanitarian diplomacy. \u0000Therefore, effective communication in the provision of medical services is impossible without knowledge of the cultural characteristics of peoples, which is especially important for medical professionals who must be extremely careful in communicating and providing medical care to foreign patients. Ultimately, the positive experience of a foreign patient has a direct impact on the volume of attracted extrabudgetary financing for the development of exports of medical services. \u0000For citation: Petrova GD, Aksenova EI. Socio-cultural competencies of the coordinator for work with foreign patients. City Healthсare. 2022;3(4): 84–91 doi:10.47619/2713-2617.zm.2022.v.3i4;84–91","PeriodicalId":158882,"journal":{"name":"City Healthcare","volume":"305 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124351397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-26DOI: 10.47619/2713-2617.zm.2022.v3i4;6-13
V. Arkhangelskiy, E. S. Zayko
The article analyzes age-specific fertility rates and the average age of mothers at birth in Moscow in comparison with Russia as a whole and St. Petersburg. Special attention is paid to these indicators differentiated by the order of birth (first, second, third), as they do not depend on the birth rate. In Moscow, the average age of mothers at birth is significantly higher than in Russia as a whole, but lower than in Saint Petersburg. Lack of data on the number of population by sex and age in Moscow's municipal districts prevents a correct comparative analysis of the age pattern of fertility for them. But based on the distribution of the numbers of births by maternal age groups, the average age at birth for 2021 is calculated.
{"title":"Age pattern of fertility in Moscow and its differences in municipal districts","authors":"V. Arkhangelskiy, E. S. Zayko","doi":"10.47619/2713-2617.zm.2022.v3i4;6-13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47619/2713-2617.zm.2022.v3i4;6-13","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyzes age-specific fertility rates and the average age of mothers at birth in Moscow in comparison with Russia as a whole and St. Petersburg. Special attention is paid to these indicators differentiated by the order of birth (first, second, third), as they do not depend on the birth rate. In Moscow, the average age of mothers at birth is significantly higher than in Russia as a whole, but lower than in Saint Petersburg. Lack of data on the number of population by sex and age in Moscow's municipal districts prevents a correct comparative analysis of the age pattern of fertility for them. But based on the distribution of the numbers of births by maternal age groups, the average age at birth for 2021 is calculated.","PeriodicalId":158882,"journal":{"name":"City Healthcare","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126818168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-26DOI: 10.47619/2713-2617.zm.2022.v.3i4;100-106
Pavel O. Ramensky, E. K. Smirnova
Introduction. The purpose of the work is to consider health as a social value of medical workers and to determine how much their own behavioral practices influence their professional activities. Materials and methods. The work was written using content analysis and secondary data analysis based on the results of studies published in Russian and foreign sources. Results. The study showed that the value orientations of medical professionals regarding health and a healthy lifestyle, as well as the conditions of professional activity and behavioral practices, are the determinants of the quality of medical care provided by medical professionals to their patients, including on healthy lifestyles, rejection of bad habits, physical activity and other health-saving practices. For citation: Ramensky PO, Smirnova EK. Health in the system of value orientations, health-saving practices and professional activities of medical workers // City Healthсare. 2022;3(4): 100–106 doi:10.47619/2713-2617.zm.2022.v.3i4;100–106
{"title":"Health in the system of value orientations, health-saving practices and professional activities of medical workers","authors":"Pavel O. Ramensky, E. K. Smirnova","doi":"10.47619/2713-2617.zm.2022.v.3i4;100-106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47619/2713-2617.zm.2022.v.3i4;100-106","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The purpose of the work is to consider health as a social value of medical workers and to determine how much their own behavioral practices influence their professional activities. \u0000Materials and methods. The work was written using content analysis and secondary data analysis based on the results of studies published in Russian and foreign sources. \u0000Results. The study showed that the value orientations of medical professionals regarding health and a healthy lifestyle, as well as the conditions of professional activity and behavioral practices, are the determinants of the quality of medical care provided by medical professionals to their patients, including on healthy lifestyles, rejection of bad habits, physical activity and other health-saving practices. \u0000For citation: Ramensky PO, Smirnova EK. Health in the system of value orientations, health-saving practices and professional activities of medical workers // City Healthсare. 2022;3(4): 100–106 doi:10.47619/2713-2617.zm.2022.v.3i4;100–106","PeriodicalId":158882,"journal":{"name":"City Healthcare","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128926581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-30DOI: 10.47619/2713-2617.zm.2022.v.3i3;6-16
V. Arkhangelskiy, E. S. Zayko
The article analyzes changes in fertility and marriage rates in the Moscow agglomeration in 2020–2022. The choice of the Moscow agglomeration as an object is due to the significant influence of the share of nonresident births in Moscow on birth rates in Moscow and the Moscow region, which should be, to some extent, eliminated in order to correctly assess the impact of other factors. In 2020, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, marriage rates dropped significantly, especially for first marriages. A likely consequence of this was that the increase in the total fertility rate for first births in 2021 was very small, but for second and third and subsequent births was substantial. It can be assumed that the negative impact of the decline in marriage rates in 2020 on first births in 2021 was partially offset by the positive impact of the start of the maternity (family) capital for the first child. Combined with the effect of this factor, the increase in marriage rates in 2021 may have contributed to higher fertility rates for first births in the first half of 2022, while they declined for second and third and subsequent births. In addition to its effect on the decline in the number of marriages in 2020 and its indirect effect on first births, the initial period of the pandemic probably had an effect on the significant decline in the number of births in the Moscow agglomeration in January and February 2021.
{"title":"Fertility and Family Formation in the Moscow Agglomeration during the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"V. Arkhangelskiy, E. S. Zayko","doi":"10.47619/2713-2617.zm.2022.v.3i3;6-16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47619/2713-2617.zm.2022.v.3i3;6-16","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyzes changes in fertility and marriage rates in the Moscow agglomeration in 2020–2022. The choice of the Moscow agglomeration as an object is due to the significant influence of the share of nonresident births in Moscow on birth rates in Moscow and the Moscow region, which should be, to some extent, eliminated in order to correctly assess the impact of other factors. In 2020, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, marriage \u0000rates dropped significantly, especially for first marriages. A likely consequence of this was that the increase in the total fertility rate for first births in 2021 was very small, but for second and third and subsequent births was substantial. It can be assumed that the negative impact of the decline in marriage rates in 2020 on first births in 2021 was partially offset by the positive impact of the start of the maternity (family) capital for the first child. Combined with the effect of this factor, the increase in marriage rates in 2021 may have contributed to higher fertility rates for first births in the first half of 2022, while they declined for second and third and subsequent births. In addition to its effect on the decline in the number of marriages in 2020 and its indirect effect on first births, the initial period of the pandemic probably had an effect on the significant decline in the number of births in the Moscow agglomeration in January and February 2021.","PeriodicalId":158882,"journal":{"name":"City Healthcare","volume":"61 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130935481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-30DOI: 10.47619/2713-2617.zm.2022.v.3i3;39-45
A. A. Savina, E. Zemlyanova, Elena V. Feiginova
Background. During past three decades Russia is characterized by natural population decrease. And low fertility along with high mortality is the reason for this. A small natural increase in population has been observed in Moscow since 2011, but the COVID-19 pandemic interrupted the achieved positive dynamics due to sharp mortality growth. According to a number of studies, fertility decline is caused, among other things, by high prevalence of infertility, both female and male. As a result, infertility prevalence in the capital’s population is one of the main sources of reproductive losses. The study purpose is to estimate potential births losses due to female and male infertility in Moscow compared to Russia’s indicators. Materials and methods. Data from reporting statistical form №12 on disease prevalence (Ministry of Health of Russia) for 2011–2021 were used for analysis. Estimation of potential births loss was made using the method developed by Zemlyanova E.V. (2003). Results. Prevalence of female infertility in Moscow increased 3 times in 2011–2021, male infertility – 2 times, in Russia prevalence of infertility in females increase by one third, in males – nearly twice. In Moscow infertility prevalence indicators are substantially lower than Russia’s average. In 2021 prevalence of infertility in women equaled 735.9 per 100,000, in men – 11.4 per 100,000, in Russia as a whole – 789.1 and 67.1 respectively. Thus, there is multiple difference between female’s and male’s indicators: 64:1 in Moscow and 12:1 in Russia respectively. The scales of summary potential births loss due to female infertility in Moscow estimated 16 %, due to male infertility – less than 1 %; in Russia – 18 % and 3 % respectively. Conclusion. Thus, potential births loss due to infertility both in women and men are present both in Moscow and Russia and summary figures equal about 17–21 %. There is a significant underestimation of cases of male infertility in primary health care. True data on infertility prevalence especially in men is possible to obtain only as a result of creation of a specialized andrological service in the healthcare system. Development and implementation of a state program on protection of male reproductive health can contribute to fertility increase.
{"title":"Potential births loss due to male and female infertility in Moscow","authors":"A. A. Savina, E. Zemlyanova, Elena V. Feiginova","doi":"10.47619/2713-2617.zm.2022.v.3i3;39-45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47619/2713-2617.zm.2022.v.3i3;39-45","url":null,"abstract":"Background. During past three decades Russia is characterized by natural population decrease. And low fertility along with high mortality is the reason for this. A small natural increase in population has been observed in Moscow since 2011, but the COVID-19 pandemic interrupted the achieved positive dynamics due to sharp mortality growth. According to a number of studies, fertility decline is caused, among other things, by high prevalence of infertility, both female and male. As a result, infertility prevalence in the capital’s population is one of the main sources of reproductive losses. The study purpose is to estimate potential births losses due to female and male infertility in Moscow compared to Russia’s indicators. \u0000Materials and methods. Data from reporting statistical form №12 on disease prevalence (Ministry of Health of Russia) for 2011–2021 were used for analysis. Estimation of potential births loss was made using the method developed by Zemlyanova E.V. (2003). \u0000Results. Prevalence of female infertility in Moscow increased 3 times in 2011–2021, male infertility – 2 times, in Russia prevalence of infertility in females increase by one third, in males – nearly twice. In Moscow infertility prevalence indicators are substantially lower than Russia’s average. In 2021 prevalence of infertility in women equaled 735.9 per 100,000, in men – 11.4 per 100,000, in Russia as a whole – 789.1 and 67.1 respectively. Thus, there is multiple difference between female’s and male’s indicators: 64:1 in Moscow and 12:1 in Russia respectively. The scales of summary potential births loss due to female infertility in Moscow estimated 16 %, due to male infertility – less than 1 %; in Russia – 18 % and 3 % respectively. \u0000Conclusion. Thus, potential births loss due to infertility both in women and men are present both in Moscow and Russia and summary figures equal about 17–21 %. There is a significant underestimation of cases of male infertility in primary health care. True data on infertility prevalence especially in men is possible to obtain only as a result of creation of a specialized andrological service in the healthcare system. Development and implementation of a state program on protection of male reproductive health can contribute to fertility increase.","PeriodicalId":158882,"journal":{"name":"City Healthcare","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126657566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-30DOI: 10.47619/2713-2617.zm.2022.v.3i3;58-66
N. Grechushkina
Introduction. Public health experts recognize that an environment that supports a culture of health best serves health goals. Therefore, some companies are creating a culture that supports health and builds healthy lifestyles for employees. Objective. A description of the key elements for creating a workplace health culture and the international experience of employers in applying corporate health practices to change employee behavior. Materials and methods. A content analysis of corporate health publications from the Scopus and PubMed bibliographic databases and public Internet sources. Discussion. Behavioral change programs aim to encourage workers to quit unhealthy habits, change-eating habits, increase physical activity, and manage stress and depression. Usually these programs implemented using a comprehensive approach. These interventions can be personal or mass-based. The former include individual counseling, food stamps or discounted fitness club memberships, systems of contracts that encourage behavioral changes in employees, rewards for quitting tobacco, free provision of anti-nicotine products, closure of company parking lots for those who live near the workplace, etc. The latter involve the introduction of a ban on smoking on the territory of the organization, reducing the cost of a healthy meal in the corporate canteen, etc. Conclusion. There is an ongoing discussion in the scientific community about the effectiveness of workplace wellness programs. Many experts agree that a comprehensive strategic approach that includes measures to create a culture of health and a supportive work environment, along with regularly updated programs to promote health and change employee behavior is beneficial to both workers and businesses.
{"title":"Corporate health culture and employee behaviour-changing wellness practices","authors":"N. Grechushkina","doi":"10.47619/2713-2617.zm.2022.v.3i3;58-66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47619/2713-2617.zm.2022.v.3i3;58-66","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Public health experts recognize that an environment that supports a culture of health best serves health goals. Therefore, some companies are creating a culture that supports health and builds healthy lifestyles for employees. \u0000Objective. A description of the key elements for creating a workplace health culture and the international experience of employers in applying corporate health practices to change employee behavior. \u0000Materials and methods. A content analysis of corporate health publications from the Scopus and PubMed bibliographic databases and public Internet sources. \u0000Discussion. Behavioral change programs aim to encourage workers to quit unhealthy habits, change-eating habits, increase physical activity, and manage stress and depression. Usually these programs implemented using a comprehensive approach. These interventions can be personal or mass-based. The former include individual counseling, food stamps or discounted fitness club memberships, systems of contracts that encourage behavioral changes in employees, rewards for quitting tobacco, free provision of anti-nicotine products, closure of company parking lots for those who live near the workplace, etc. The latter involve the introduction of a ban on smoking on the territory of the organization, reducing the cost of a healthy meal in the corporate canteen, etc. \u0000Conclusion. There is an ongoing discussion in the scientific community about the effectiveness of workplace wellness programs. Many experts agree that a comprehensive strategic approach that includes measures to create a culture of health and a supportive work environment, along with regularly updated programs to promote health and change employee behavior is beneficial to both workers and businesses.","PeriodicalId":158882,"journal":{"name":"City Healthcare","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122982328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-30DOI: 10.47619/2713-2617.zm.2022.v.3i3;67-76
O. Oynotkinova, V. Larina
Introduction. Monitoring of the health status of the population as a whole, assessment and analysis of the leading determinants of health, including genetic, behavioral, anthropogenic, biophysiological factors, represent one of the global functions of public health, focused on health protection and provision of medical services. To date, health disorders are primarily related to lifestyle and are always a collection of individual personalized health data. Unhealthy diet and low physical activity are risk factors for the development of a number of chronic non-communicable diseases, primarily cardiovascular, metabolic, in particular type 2 diabetes mellitus and some types of cancer. These risk factors lead to early disability, a decrease in the quality and life expectancy of people, disability, as well as the health budget and the economy. So, if on average only 3 % of the health budget is spent on disease prevention programs, then about 7 % of the budget in the EU countries is spent on the treatment of obesity and turns into 2.8 % of world GDP. In this regard, the implementation of early preventive measures is characterized by favorable and positive results. Purpose. Analyzes the role of unhealthy diet and low physical activity as key risk factors for cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, especially in the population of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods and materials. The characteristics of the presented studies included in the article cover international experience and analysis of the pilot study conducted on a population sample of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. To assess the economic costs associated with unhealthy diet and low physical activity, a general approach was used based on the analysis of individual diseases, in particular, type 2 diabetes mellitus, using population attributive fractions, regression method. Results. Based on the data obtained, it follows that patients with an unhealthy diet and low physical activity, burdened with overweight or obesity, have a high five-year risk of developing new cases of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular complications. This includes early disability and the economic costs of providing medical care. Using the example of a number of European countries and its own results, this study is focused on assessing the economic damage that is associated with unhealthy diet and low physical activity among the population, regardless of the region of residence and the metropolis.
{"title":"Medical and social aspects of health security in the formation of public health","authors":"O. Oynotkinova, V. Larina","doi":"10.47619/2713-2617.zm.2022.v.3i3;67-76","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47619/2713-2617.zm.2022.v.3i3;67-76","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Monitoring of the health status of the population as a whole, assessment and analysis of the leading determinants of health, including genetic, behavioral, anthropogenic, biophysiological factors, represent one of the global functions of public health, focused on health protection and provision of medical services. To date, health disorders are primarily related to lifestyle and are always a collection of individual personalized health data. Unhealthy diet and low physical activity are risk factors for the development of a number of chronic non-communicable diseases, primarily cardiovascular, metabolic, in particular type 2 diabetes mellitus and some types of cancer. These risk factors lead to early disability, a decrease in the quality and life expectancy of people, disability, as well as the health budget and the economy. So, if on average only 3 % of the health budget is spent on disease prevention programs, then about 7 % of the budget in the EU countries is spent on the treatment of obesity and turns into 2.8 % of world GDP. In this regard, the implementation of early preventive measures is characterized by favorable and positive results. \u0000Purpose. Analyzes the role of unhealthy diet and low physical activity as key risk factors for cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, especially in the population of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. \u0000Methods and materials. The characteristics of the presented studies included in the article cover international experience and analysis of the pilot study conducted on a population sample of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. To assess the economic costs associated with unhealthy diet and low physical activity, a general approach was used based on the analysis of individual diseases, in particular, type 2 diabetes mellitus, using population attributive fractions, regression method. \u0000Results. Based on the data obtained, it follows that patients with an unhealthy diet and low physical activity, burdened with overweight or obesity, have a high five-year risk of developing new cases of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular complications. This includes early disability and the economic costs of providing medical care. Using the example of a number of European countries and its own results, this study is focused on assessing the economic damage that is associated with unhealthy diet and low physical activity among the population, regardless of the region of residence and the metropolis.","PeriodicalId":158882,"journal":{"name":"City Healthcare","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126136506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-30DOI: 10.47619/2713-2617.zm.2022.v.3i3;30-38
P. V. Gerasimenko
Intoduction. The construction of mathematical models of changes in the total and daily amounts of the coronavirus of the population of St. Petersburg in various segments and the period from 2020 to 2022. The need for research is dictated by the presence of a dysfunctional situation in the city, as well as the need to develop a methodological apparatus for short-term operational assessment of changes and forecasting of key indicators of the spread of coronavirus. Purpose. To assess the change in the total and daily indicators of coronavirus disease in the population of St. Petersburg in the periods May-August 2020 and 2021 and to carry out a short-term forecast. Methods. The solution of the problem was carried out by modeling and performing short-term prediction of the folding situation of coronavirus in St. Petersburg by the total (integral) and daily (differential) number of diseases in the region. Modelling is based on statistics that are generated through monitoring by coordinating councils to combat the spread of COVID-19 in regions and in the country. Results. An approach and mathematical apparatus for modeling and forecasting the dynamics of regional key indicators of the spread of the pandemic in the regions of Russia are proposed. Practical relevance. The proposed solution to the problem will enable the administration and health authorities to receive scientific information for evaluating and adjusting their work to create normal economic and social living conditions for residents of Russian regions.
{"title":"Modeling the number of COVID-19 cases in St. Petersburg in the period 2020–2022","authors":"P. V. Gerasimenko","doi":"10.47619/2713-2617.zm.2022.v.3i3;30-38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47619/2713-2617.zm.2022.v.3i3;30-38","url":null,"abstract":"Intoduction. The construction of mathematical models of changes in the total and daily amounts of the coronavirus of the population of St. Petersburg in various segments and the period from 2020 to 2022. The need for research is dictated by the presence of a dysfunctional situation in the city, as well as the need to develop a methodological apparatus for short-term operational assessment of changes and forecasting of key indicators of the spread of coronavirus. \u0000Purpose. To assess the change in the total and daily indicators of coronavirus disease in the population of St. Petersburg in the periods May-August 2020 and 2021 and to carry out a short-term forecast. \u0000Methods. The solution of the problem was carried out by modeling and performing short-term prediction of the folding situation of coronavirus in St. Petersburg by the total (integral) and daily (differential) number of diseases in the region. Modelling is based on statistics that are generated through monitoring by coordinating councils to combat the spread of COVID-19 in regions and in the country. \u0000Results. An approach and mathematical apparatus for modeling and forecasting the dynamics of regional key indicators of the spread of the pandemic in the regions of Russia are proposed. \u0000Practical relevance. The proposed solution to the problem will enable the administration and health authorities to receive scientific information for evaluating and adjusting their work to create normal economic and social living conditions for residents of Russian regions.","PeriodicalId":158882,"journal":{"name":"City Healthcare","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130695670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-30DOI: 10.47619/2713-2617.zm.2022.v.3i3;77-84
D. Andreev, A. Zavyalov
Introduction. Malignant neoplasms of the upper gastrointestinal tract occupy the 6th position in terms of the frequency of detection of new cases of cancer. Within the framework of the Federal project “Fight against oncological diseases”, state tasks have been set that provide for a significant reduction in mortality from neoplasms, including malignant ones, to 185 cases per 100,000 people. The development, standardization and algorithmization of medical methodologies for drug treatment of cancer aimed at improving the quality of oncological care is underway. In early June 2022, the results of the latest clinical developments, including targeted and immune therapy for upper gastrointestinal tumors, were presented at the Annual Congress of the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO). Popularization of innovative approaches to the treatment of cancerous tumors of the gastrointestinal tract fully meets the objectives of the Federal project. Materials and methods. This material was the result of a study of innovative clinical developments in drug therapy for tumors of the upper gastrointestinal tract, presented at the ASCO Annual Congress - June 2022 and the digital platform MEDTalks.nl: the Korean clinical trial K-Umbrella; the German-Swiss Phase 2b DANTE clinical trial; French national randomized trial GERCOR. Discussion and Conclusions. The results of the presented clinical developments demonstrate positive effects and an acceptable drug safety profile, which opens up prospects for their implementation in practice as part of innovative medical methodologies for the treatment of patients with malignant neoplasms of the upper gastrointestinal tract.
{"title":"Modern scientific and clinical developments in the treatment of malignant neoplasms of the upper gastrointestinal tract: results of ASCO-2022","authors":"D. Andreev, A. Zavyalov","doi":"10.47619/2713-2617.zm.2022.v.3i3;77-84","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47619/2713-2617.zm.2022.v.3i3;77-84","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Malignant neoplasms of the upper gastrointestinal tract occupy the 6th position in terms of the frequency of detection of new cases of cancer. Within the framework of the Federal project “Fight against oncological diseases”, state tasks have been set that provide for a significant reduction in mortality from neoplasms, including malignant ones, to 185 cases per 100,000 people. The development, standardization and algorithmization of medical methodologies for drug treatment of cancer aimed at improving the quality of oncological care is underway. In early June 2022, the results of the latest clinical developments, including targeted and immune therapy for upper gastrointestinal tumors, were presented at the Annual Congress of the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO). Popularization of innovative approaches to the treatment of cancerous tumors of the gastrointestinal tract fully meets the objectives of the Federal project. \u0000Materials and methods. This material was the result of a study of innovative clinical developments in drug therapy for tumors of the upper gastrointestinal tract, presented at the ASCO Annual Congress - June 2022 and the digital platform MEDTalks.nl: the Korean clinical trial K-Umbrella; the German-Swiss Phase 2b DANTE clinical trial; French national randomized trial GERCOR. \u0000Discussion and Conclusions. The results of the presented clinical developments demonstrate positive effects and an acceptable drug safety profile, which opens up prospects for their implementation in practice as part of innovative medical methodologies for the treatment of patients with malignant neoplasms of the upper gastrointestinal tract.","PeriodicalId":158882,"journal":{"name":"City Healthcare","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132936220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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