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"Disenchantment of the World". The Thesis of Max Weber's Concept of the Sociology of Law "世界的幻灭"马克斯·韦伯法社会学概念述评
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.15290/sup.2022.06.07
Sylwia Leszczuk
Goal – the purpose of this text is to present the assumptions that are characteristic for Max Weber’s concept of the sociology of law. They undeniably fit into the picture of his vision about the state of contemporary political, economic, legal and social reality, which he collectively described with the term he coined – “the disenchantment of the world”. Research methodology – conducted through an analysis of the literature on the subject and by compiling the results of the undertaken analysis. Score/results – Max Weber, conducting an analysis of his contemporary world, tracing the historical changes that led to its formation, and studying the impact of these changes on his spheres of interest, came to the conclusion that with the development of Western civilization, magical explanations of reality gradually gave way to more “down-to-earth” explanations. Ultimately, Weber referred to the process of turning to reason and logic as rationalization. Rationalization, in turn, led to a state of affairs that Weber referred to as the “disenchantment of the world”. It should be reiterated after Grosby that “if, in fact, Weber was correct that all magical forces have been driven out of modern life, then there would no longer be a need to constantly ask ourselves about the meaning and sense of human life; there would no longer be any number of ethical disputes and paradoxes with which we are confronted; we would no longer struggle with the doubts that wrap around all action. There would only be a calculation that would determine the most effective ways to problem-free solutions” [Grosby, 2013: 308]. And as is well known, including from autopsy, both individuals and society as a whole continue to ask themselves questions that reason cannot answer. Originality/value – presenting a theoretically observable phenomenon, the grasp of which, however, often escapes observers. The text makes the reader aware of the complexity of the processes that have shaped today’s dimension of law. The text aims to make the reader aware that the rationalization of the world has led to the rationalization of law, and, through convergence, the rationalization of law has led to the rationalization and disenchantment of the world.
目标-本文的目的是提出的假设是典型的马克斯·韦伯的法律社会学的概念。不可否认,这些都符合他对当代政治、经济、法律和社会现实状况的看法,他用他创造的术语“世界的幻灭”来概括这些现状。研究方法-通过对该主题的文献进行分析,并通过汇编所进行分析的结果来进行。得分/结果——马克斯·韦伯对他的当代世界进行了分析,追溯了导致其形成的历史变化,并研究了这些变化对他的兴趣领域的影响,得出的结论是,随着西方文明的发展,对现实的神奇解释逐渐让位于更“接地气”的解释。最终,韦伯将转向理性和逻辑的过程称为理性化。理性化反过来又导致了一种韦伯称之为“世界的觉醒”的状态。在格罗斯比之后,我们应该重申,“如果韦伯所说的所有神奇的力量都被赶出了现代生活,那么我们就不再需要不断地问自己人类生活的意义和意义;我们所面临的伦理争议和悖论将不复存在;我们将不再与围绕着一切行动的疑虑作斗争。只有通过计算才能确定最有效的无问题解决方案”[Grosby, 2013: 308]。众所周知,包括尸体解剖在内,个人和整个社会都在不断地问自己一些理性无法回答的问题。原创性/价值——呈现一种理论上可观察到的现象,然而,观察者往往无法把握这种现象。文本使读者意识到,已经形成了今天的法律维度的过程的复杂性。本文旨在让读者意识到,世界的理性化导致了法律的理性化,并通过趋同,法律的理性化导致了世界的理性化和祛魅化。
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引用次数: 0
Legal Restrictions of the Members of Parliaments of Belarus and Poland 白俄罗斯和波兰国会议员的法律限制
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.15290/sup.2021.05.02
A. Chmyha
Goal – to analyse the key concepts of legal restrictions on the members of the Parliaments of Belarus and Poland in a comparative feature. Research methodology – the basis of the work is the comparative-legal method of research, as well as other methods of scientific inquiry. Score/results – there are significant obligations on Polish and Belarusian parliamentarians following from the requirements of legislative acts on the observance of a number of legal restrictions in the implementation of their mandates. In the article a number of progressive characteristics of legal restrictions on the members of the Parliaments of Belarus and Poland are stated. Originality/value – a new conclusion has been reached that it is preferable to further improve the regulatory framework that promotes the establishment of the legal restrictions of the members of Parliaments, which should be based both in Poland and in Belarus on the study and mutual implementation of the accumulated positive legislative experience of these states in this area.
目标-以比较的方式分析对白俄罗斯和波兰议会议员的法律限制的关键概念。研究方法-工作的基础是研究的比较法律方法,以及其他科学探究的方法。得分/结果- -根据立法法案的要求,波兰和白俄罗斯议员在执行其任务时必须遵守若干法律限制,因此对他们负有重大义务。该条说明了对白俄罗斯和波兰议会议员的法律限制的若干进步特点。原创性/价值- -已达成一项新的结论,即最好进一步改进促进对议会成员建立法律限制的管理框架,波兰和白俄罗斯的这一框架应以研究和相互执行这些国家在这一领域积累的积极立法经验为基础。
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引用次数: 0
Антропоморфизм в современном рекламном дискурсе
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.15290/SUP.2020.04.09
Чон Ку Ли, Косик Алексей
Goal – the main goal of this study is to identify the role and possible ways of using anthropomorphism to improve the effectiveness of advertising. Research methodology – the article provides a comparative analysis of terminology systematizes the conceptual apparatus of anthropomorphism in the works of domestic and foreign authors, analyzes the experience of using anthropomorphism in the advertising activities of the European dairy companies “Mlekovita” and “Valio”. Score/results – as a conclusion, the authors formulated the main criteria for character images for the advertising discourse of the Belorussian company “Molochnyj Mir”. Originality/value – for the first time in the domestic literature the problem of anthropomorphism in contemporary advertising discourse is considered. The article has scientific and practical significance and contains the author’s ideas and conclusions.
目的-本研究的主要目的是确定使用拟人化的作用和可能的方法,以提高广告的有效性。研究方法:本文通过对术语的比较分析,系统梳理了国内外作者作品中拟人化的概念装置,分析了拟人化在欧洲乳业公司“Mlekovita”和“Valio”广告活动中运用的经验。得分/结果-作为结论,作者为白俄罗斯公司“Molochnyj Mir”的广告话语制定了人物形象的主要标准。原创性/价值——国内文献首次探讨当代广告话语中的拟人化问题。文章包含了作者的观点和结论,具有一定的科学意义和现实意义。
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引用次数: 1
The Influx of War Refugees from Ukraine – Recommendations for Poland Based on Turkey’s Experiences 乌克兰战争难民的涌入——基于土耳其经验对波兰的建议
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.15290/sup.2022.06.14
S. Szkołut
Goal – the presentation of analysis results regarding the numerical comparison of migration crises caused by refugee displacements from Syria and Ukraine and the identification of challenges faced by Poland based on Turkey’s experiences related to the mass influx of refugees. Research methodology – the examination of Poland’s and Turkey’s official state documents, a review of articles and existing studies, the analysis of statistical data on the flows of persons from the following databases: the UNHCR, the UN Population Division, data from the Polish Chancellery of the Prime Minister and the Office for Foreigners. The research methods used also include synthesis and inference. Score/results – although the Syrian and Ukrainian migration crises show various differences, Poland can certainly draw on Turkey’s proven tools and avoid solutions having hindered integration and contributed to the exclusion of Syrian refugees. However, Turkey’s and Poland’s experiences represent evidence for other countries that it is necessary to have a clearly defined migration policy in place. Originality/value – the originality of the article lies in the comparison of the two largest migration crises of recent years and an attempt to identify challenges faced by Poland in connection with the influx of war refugees and possible solutions based on Turkey’s experiences. In addition, the subject has significant research potential due to the imminent economic crisis in Ukraine, which may trigger another wave of migration.
目标——提出关于叙利亚和乌克兰难民流离失所造成的移民危机的数字比较的分析结果,并根据土耳其在难民大规模涌入方面的经验确定波兰面临的挑战。研究方法-审查波兰和土耳其的官方国家文件,审查文章和现有研究,分析来自以下数据库的人口流动统计数据:联合国难民署、联合国人口司、波兰总理总理府和外国人办公室的数据。研究方法还包括综合和推理。得分/结果-尽管叙利亚和乌克兰移民危机显示出各种差异,但波兰当然可以借鉴土耳其行之有效的工具,避免阻碍融合并导致叙利亚难民被排斥的解决方案。然而,土耳其和波兰的经验为其他国家提供了证据,表明有必要制定明确界定的移民政策。独创性/价值——这篇文章的独创性在于比较了近年来两次最大的移民危机,并试图确定波兰在战争难民涌入方面面临的挑战以及根据土耳其经验可能采取的解决办法。此外,由于乌克兰迫在眉睫的经济危机可能引发另一波移民潮,该主题具有重要的研究潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Организация отдыха детей, находящихся в трудной жизненной ситуации (на примере Москвы) 以莫斯科为例,为生活困难的儿童提供娱乐。
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.15290/sup.2019.03.03
М. С. Байнова, В Н Скрипкина
‣ Goal – an analysis of the legal and organizational basis for recreation of children in difficult life situations based on the example set by the city of Moscow. The analysis includes suggestions for improving public administration in this area. ‣ Research methodology – in this paper, the author used an analysis of regulatory documents, reports from the social recreation travel company “Mosgortur”, content analysis of complaints from “Mosgortur’s” clients, and an expert survey. ‣ Score/results – the author identified problems in organizing recreation for children in difficult life situations in Moscow and instructions for solving those problems. ‣ Originality/value – researching the research of the organization of children’s social recreation at the regional level, and an identification of organizational and regulatory problems. |
目标-以莫斯科市为例,分析在困难生活环境中儿童娱乐活动的法律和组织基础。分析包括改善这一领域公共行政的建议。研究方法——在本文中,作者采用了对监管文件的分析,来自社会娱乐旅游公司“Mosgortur”的报告,“Mosgortur”客户投诉的内容分析,以及专家调查。分数/结果——作者指出了在莫斯科为生活困难的儿童组织娱乐活动的问题和解决这些问题的指导。独创性/价值-研究儿童社会娱乐在地区层面的组织,并确定组织和管理问题的研究。|
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引用次数: 0
The Impact of the Ukraine Crisis on the Balkans 乌克兰危机对巴尔干地区的影响
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.15290/sup.2022.06.02
Çağdaş Duman
Goal – to analyze the political, economic, military, and social effects of the Ukraine Crisis on the Balkan Geography. ‣ Research methodology – the article includes an analysis of the available literature. A comprehensive press review of the Balkan countries was made and the study was shaped by qualitative data analysis. Score/results – the conducted analysis allowed us to verify the research hypothesis positively. The Ukraine Crisis reactivated the Cold War practice within the Balkan countries and increased the polarization among the Balkan countries. In the article, it was emphasized that the ethnic and religious fault lines between the countries of the region became more visible. It has been foreseen that the uncertainty in the region will pave the way for the Kosovo Crisis to come to the fore again in the upcoming period. Originality/value – the article was performed by the author independently, without outside help. The article contains links to quotes, as well as links to legislation. In essence, the article is an overview report. In the study, it was predicted that the Ukraine Crisis could act as a lever in the enlargement process of the European Union and NATO. In addition, it was emphasized that within the framework of the 21st-century digital world order, the Ukraine Crisis may have new consequences in addition to the previous crises. Energy transformation and cryptocurrency markets are examples of this situation.
目标-分析乌克兰危机对巴尔干地理的政治、经济、军事和社会影响。研究方法——文章包括对现有文献的分析。对巴尔干国家进行了全面的新闻审查,并通过定性数据分析形成了这项研究。得分/结果-进行的分析使我们能够积极地验证研究假设。乌克兰危机重新激活了巴尔干国家内部的冷战实践,加剧了巴尔干国家之间的两极分化。文章强调,该区域各国之间的种族和宗教断层线变得更加明显。可以预见,该区域的不确定性将为科索沃危机在即将到来的时期再次出现铺平道路。原创性/价值——文章是作者独立完成的,没有外界的帮助。这篇文章包含引用的链接,以及立法的链接。从本质上讲,这篇文章是一篇概览报告。在研究中,有人预测乌克兰危机可能会成为欧盟和北约扩大进程中的杠杆。此外,会议强调,在21世纪数字世界秩序的框架内,乌克兰危机可能会在之前的危机之外产生新的后果。能源转型和加密货币市场就是这种情况的例子。
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引用次数: 0
Cодержание уголовного правоотношения в контексте применения отдельных норм уголовного права 在适用个别刑法的背景下争取刑事法律关系
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.15290/sup.2019.03.06
Алексей Быстриков
‣ Goal – improving the legislative regulation of the institution of the statute of limitations for criminal liability in the legislation of the Republic of Belarus, improving and deepening the theoretical framework on the statute of limitations for criminal liability. ‣ Research methodology – on the basis of the analysis of theoretical provisions on the criminal law relation, an analysis of its implementation, as well as the presence of each of the elements of the criminal legal relationship, in the case of the implementation of the statute of limitations has been conducted. ‣ Score/results – the reason for the study is the impossibility of restoring the violated crime of legal relations due to the implementation of the statute of limitations for criminal prosecution in the existing legislative consolidation. ‣ Originality/value – in the science of criminal law of the Republic of Belarus, there are no theoretical studies regarding the statute of limitations for criminal liability, the regulation of the application of this legal institution is not well developed. Earlier, no attempts were made to analyze the implementation of criminal law relations in the case of applying the statute of limitations. |
目标——完善白俄罗斯共和国立法中刑事责任诉讼时效制度的立法规制,完善和深化刑事责任诉讼时效的理论框架。研究方法论——在分析刑法关系理论规定的基础上,分析其实施情况,以及存在的每一个刑事法律关系要素,在诉讼时效实施的情况下进行了分析。分数/结果——研究的原因是在现有的立法整合中,由于刑事起诉的诉讼时效的实施,不可能恢复违反法律关系的犯罪。独创性/价值——在白俄罗斯共和国的刑法科学中,没有关于刑事责任诉讼时效的理论研究,对这一法律制度的适用规定也没有很好的发展。早些时候,没有试图分析在适用诉讼时效的情况下刑法关系的执行情况。|
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引用次数: 0
Конституционные принципы как основа деятельности адвокатуры в Беларуси 白俄罗斯律师活动的制宪原则
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.15290/sup.2019.03.17
Оксана Шупицкая
‣ Goal – the bar is one of the most important legal institution of the modern state and society, which is an important element of both civil society and the state. The author considers the constitutional principles as the basis for the activity of this institution. They, in his opinion, are the basis for further improvement of its organization and activities. ‣ Research methodology – when writing the work, general scientific research methods were used, namely: analysis, synthesis, generalization. ‣ Score/results – the bar is a significant institution of the modern state and society, whose organization and functioning are based on constitutional principles. Ensuring their implementation and revealing their potential in the context of constantly changing public relations will contribute to the improvement of the legal profession. ‣ Originality/value – considering the bar through the prism of constitutional law is a relatively new aspect of studying this institution in the post -soviet countries. In this regard, the work is quite relevant. |
目标-律师是现代国家和社会最重要的法律制度之一,是公民社会和国家的重要组成部分。笔者认为宪法原则是这一制度活动的基础。他认为,这是进一步改进其组织和活动的基础。研究方法——写作时使用了一般的科学研究方法,即:分析、综合、概括。分数/结果——考试是现代国家和社会的重要机构,它的组织和运作是基于宪法原则的。在不断变化的公共关系的背景下,确保它们的执行和揭示它们的潜力将有助于改善法律专业。独创性/价值——通过宪法的棱镜来考虑酒吧是后苏联国家研究这一制度的一个相对较新的方面。在这方面,这项工作很有意义。|
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引用次数: 0
The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Households’ Energy Consumption: The case of Poland COVID-19大流行对家庭能源消费的影响:以波兰为例
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.15290/sup.2022.06.01
A. Czech
Goal – the aim of the article is to investigate and assess the energy situation of Polish consumers aged 25–45 during the coronavirus pandemic. In particular we wish to find information concerning the response to the impact of a pandemic situation on consumer behavior in terms of energy consumption, possibilities and willingness to save energy and the ability to cover energy bills. Research methodology – the research was based on CAWI (Computer-Assisted Web Interview) methodology as a tool to assess the energy situation of respondents aged 25–45. Information on the surveyed population sample was obtained through the use of a research questionnaire filled with questions of mostly qualitative nature. Some of the questions were open-ended, which made it possible to delve into the actions and motivations taking place in households during the pandemic. The survey was conducted on a sample of 533 respondents, covering all of Poland. The study was conducted in the period October–November 2021. Score/results – the results of the study highlight the basic implications of respondents’ energy consumption in the consequence of the lockdown caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Household energy consumption implications can be understood as temporary changes and some as long-term changes. Research results show various impacts on energy consumption in households, which were assessed in two areas: standard lifestyle and work at home. Originality/value – the analysis carried out in the paper allows assessing the relationship between the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the scale of electricity consumption in households. Research results can provide energy saving recommendations for consumers. In addition, the study shows aspects of social trends in household energy consumption in times of crisis such as a pandemic.
目标-本文的目的是调查和评估波兰25-45岁消费者在冠状病毒大流行期间的能源状况。我们尤其希望找到有关在能源消耗、节约能源的可能性和意愿以及支付能源费用的能力方面对流行病对消费者行为的影响作出反应的资料。研究方法-本研究采用CAWI(计算机辅助网络访谈)方法作为评估25-45岁受访者能源状况的工具。关于被调查人口样本的信息是通过使用一份研究问卷获得的,问卷中充满了主要是定性性质的问题。其中一些问题是开放式的,因此可以深入研究大流行期间家庭中发生的行动和动机。该调查对533名受访者进行了抽样调查,涵盖了波兰全境。该研究于2021年10月至11月期间进行。得分/结果——研究结果强调了在2019冠状病毒病大流行造成封锁的情况下,受访者的能源消耗的基本影响。家庭能源消耗的影响可以理解为暂时的变化,有些可以理解为长期的变化。研究结果显示了对家庭能源消耗的各种影响,这在两个方面进行了评估:标准生活方式和在家工作。原创性/价值——本文中进行的分析可以评估COVID-19大流行对家庭用电量规模的影响之间的关系。研究结果可以为消费者提供节能建议。此外,该研究还显示了流行病等危机时期家庭能源消费的社会趋势。
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引用次数: 0
The Use of Internet Technologies and Export Performance: The Moderating Role of International Experience 互联网技术使用与出口绩效:国际经验的调节作用
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.15290/sup.2022.06.15
Piotr Trąpczyński, Krystian Barłożewski
Goal – the objective of the present study is to examine the moderating effect that internationalisation has on the relationship between the use of Internet technology on export performance. Research methodology – the study uses data on 500 Polish manufacturing companies with grounded foreign activities for the period between 2017 and 2019. To test our hypotheses a fixed-effects regression analysis was employed. Score/results – the relationship between the implemented internet technologies and operational efficiency is visible only for highly internationalised companies, supporting the hypothesised moderating effect of the international experience. The implemented passive internet technologies may, contrary to expectations, even have a negative impact on the company’s efficiency. Originality/value – This study contributes to extant research by adopting a broader concept of export model, including the use of modern marketing and sales concepts, in addition to the previous understanding of market strategy used in export research.
目标-本研究的目的是检验国际化对互联网技术使用对出口绩效之间关系的调节作用。研究方法——该研究使用了2017年至2019年期间500家有海外活动的波兰制造公司的数据。为了检验我们的假设,我们采用了固定效应回归分析。得分/结果——实施的互联网技术与运营效率之间的关系仅在高度国际化的公司中可见,这支持了国际经验的调节作用的假设。被动式互联网技术的实施,甚至可能与预期相反,对公司的效率产生负面影响。原创性/价值-本研究通过采用更广泛的出口模型概念,包括使用现代营销和销售概念,以及之前对出口研究中使用的市场策略的理解,为现有的研究做出了贡献。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Studia Sieci Uniwersytetów Pogranicza
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