Pub Date : 2021-09-01DOI: 10.22059/IJHST.2020.284452.303
A. Imani, Ghader Amani, M. Shamili, A. Mousavi, Rezaie Hamed, M. Rasouli, P. García
Phenotypic and genetic diversity are mandatory aspects to allow future breeding in fruit trees. This work was aimed to study the genetic diversity and heritability of important phenological traits in several almond genotypes. The seedlings were planted in randomized complete block design with 3 replications (two trees in each replication). Phenological traits including flower size, petal length, petal width, sepal length, sepal width, pistil length, pistil thickness were evaluated. Furthermore, number of stamens, first flowering, 10% flowering, 50% flowering, 90% flowering, date of flowering among 33 selected almond cultivars and genotypes were also evaluated using almond descriptors during 27 February to 29 March 2017. The results showed the existence of genetic variation among the studied cultivars and genotypes. A great phenotypic variation was observed for pistil length, petal width and flowering time. The exact and extended characterizations of all the new materials of almond could provide breeders new opportunities to develop future crosses and to obtain more resistant seedlings that can be better adapted to extreme and changing weather conditions in this area and in other regions of the world.
{"title":"Diversity and Broad Sense Heritability of Phenotypic Characteristic in Almond Cultivars and Genotypes","authors":"A. Imani, Ghader Amani, M. Shamili, A. Mousavi, Rezaie Hamed, M. Rasouli, P. García","doi":"10.22059/IJHST.2020.284452.303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22059/IJHST.2020.284452.303","url":null,"abstract":"Phenotypic and genetic diversity are mandatory aspects to allow future breeding in fruit trees. This work was aimed to study the genetic diversity and heritability of important phenological traits in several almond genotypes. The seedlings were planted in randomized complete block design with 3 replications (two trees in each replication). Phenological traits including flower size, petal length, petal width, sepal length, sepal width, pistil length, pistil thickness were evaluated. Furthermore, number of stamens, first flowering, 10% flowering, 50% flowering, 90% flowering, date of flowering among 33 selected almond cultivars and genotypes were also evaluated using almond descriptors during 27 February to 29 March 2017. The results showed the existence of genetic variation among the studied cultivars and genotypes. A great phenotypic variation was observed for pistil length, petal width and flowering time. The exact and extended characterizations of all the new materials of almond could provide breeders new opportunities to develop future crosses and to obtain more resistant seedlings that can be better adapted to extreme and changing weather conditions in this area and in other regions of the world.","PeriodicalId":15968,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticultural Science","volume":"51 1","pages":"281-289"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76610996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-01DOI: 10.22059/IJHST.2020.297066.340
ٍٍEbrahim Alami, M. Karimi, V. Chalavi
Water hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes) is one of the ten most invasive weed species in the world that is spread over most of the tropical and subtropical regions. Due to the environmental and economic concerns associated with spreading of the water hyacinth, control its distribution is important issue. Water hyacinth can be used for composting and vermicomposting. In the present study, compost or vermicompost of water hyacinth was used as growing media for growing of lily plants (Longiflorum×Asiatic cv. ‘Nashville’). To do so, an experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with nine treatments and four replications. Treatments included peat moss + perlite (2:1 v/v) as control and 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% of water hyacinth compost or vermicompost substitute for peat moss in control treatment. According to the obtained results, the tallest plants were observed in the control (55.50 cm) and 25% compost (55.25 cm) treatments. No significant difference was observed among 50, 75 and 100% compost and 25% vermicompost treatments. The highest number of open buds (3.50) was seen in 25% vermicompost. Results also showed that using 75% compost and 50% vermicompost increased nitrogen content of the leaf. Highest total phenol with 6.9 mg quer/g FW was recorded in 75% and 100% vermicompost. The maximum vase life (six days) was obtained in flowers grown in 25% vermicompost. In conclusion, water hyacinth compost or lower vermicompost percentages could be a substitute for peat as the growing media for lily plants.
{"title":"Investigation of Compost and Vermicompost of Water Hyacinth as Growing Media for Lily (Longiflorum×Asiatic)","authors":"ٍٍEbrahim Alami, M. Karimi, V. Chalavi","doi":"10.22059/IJHST.2020.297066.340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22059/IJHST.2020.297066.340","url":null,"abstract":"Water hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes) is one of the ten most invasive weed species in the world that is spread over most of the tropical and subtropical regions. Due to the environmental and economic concerns associated with spreading of the water hyacinth, control its distribution is important issue. Water hyacinth can be used for composting and vermicomposting. In the present study, compost or vermicompost of water hyacinth was used as growing media for growing of lily plants (Longiflorum×Asiatic cv. ‘Nashville’). To do so, an experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with nine treatments and four replications. Treatments included peat moss + perlite (2:1 v/v) as control and 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% of water hyacinth compost or vermicompost substitute for peat moss in control treatment. According to the obtained results, the tallest plants were observed in the control (55.50 cm) and 25% compost (55.25 cm) treatments. No significant difference was observed among 50, 75 and 100% compost and 25% vermicompost treatments. The highest number of open buds (3.50) was seen in 25% vermicompost. Results also showed that using 75% compost and 50% vermicompost increased nitrogen content of the leaf. Highest total phenol with 6.9 mg quer/g FW was recorded in 75% and 100% vermicompost. The maximum vase life (six days) was obtained in flowers grown in 25% vermicompost. In conclusion, water hyacinth compost or lower vermicompost percentages could be a substitute for peat as the growing media for lily plants.","PeriodicalId":15968,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticultural Science","volume":"15 1","pages":"271-280"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75577764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-01DOI: 10.22059/IJHST.2020.314296.419
Huijun Yan, Hao Zhang, Jian Hongying, Qiu Xianqin, Deshun Feng, Wang Qigang, K. Tang
Roses are cultivated as ornamental plants in gardens, cut flowers and potted flowers, but also serviced in the perfume industry. Rose flowers product different volatile compounds including eugenol, being floral attractant for pollinators and used as an important composition of essential oil. Here, the eugenol synthase gene (RcEGS1) promoter was cloned from R. chinensis 'Old Blush'. The sequences of RcEGS1 promoter were 1776bp, contained the conserved elements, and predicted to be with several cis-regulatory elements involved in secondary metabolism of plants. Yeast one-hybrid library of R. chinensis 'Old Blush' at flower opening was constructed with the three-frame reading. The library capacity was more than 1.12×107CFU. The length of fragments inserted was 1 Kb to 3 Kb, which is fully meeting the demand of selecting the yeast library. The bait yeast vectors with cis-transcription elements MBS-box, G-box and one fragment bait yeast vectors were constructed, respectively. Furthermore, the transcript factors R2R3-type MYB and bHLH3 were screened using the yeast one-hybrid system. The results suggested the two TFs might play an important role in the pathway of volatile biosynthesis in roses.
{"title":"Construction of Yeast One-Hybird Library for Screening of Eugenol Synthase Gene Bait vectors in Rosa chinensis","authors":"Huijun Yan, Hao Zhang, Jian Hongying, Qiu Xianqin, Deshun Feng, Wang Qigang, K. Tang","doi":"10.22059/IJHST.2020.314296.419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22059/IJHST.2020.314296.419","url":null,"abstract":"Roses are cultivated as ornamental plants in gardens, cut flowers and potted flowers, but also serviced in the perfume industry. Rose flowers product different volatile compounds including eugenol, being floral attractant for pollinators and used as an important composition of essential oil. Here, the eugenol synthase gene (RcEGS1) promoter was cloned from R. chinensis 'Old Blush'. The sequences of RcEGS1 promoter were 1776bp, contained the conserved elements, and predicted to be with several cis-regulatory elements involved in secondary metabolism of plants. Yeast one-hybrid library of R. chinensis 'Old Blush' at flower opening was constructed with the three-frame reading. The library capacity was more than 1.12×107CFU. The length of fragments inserted was 1 Kb to 3 Kb, which is fully meeting the demand of selecting the yeast library. The bait yeast vectors with cis-transcription elements MBS-box, G-box and one fragment bait yeast vectors were constructed, respectively. Furthermore, the transcript factors R2R3-type MYB and bHLH3 were screened using the yeast one-hybrid system. The results suggested the two TFs might play an important role in the pathway of volatile biosynthesis in roses.","PeriodicalId":15968,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticultural Science","volume":"6 1","pages":"215-225"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83379680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-01DOI: 10.22059/IJHST.2021.315746.428
Alisher Botirov, O. Arakawa
Time of planting is a normal part of any agricultural operation. It has a particularly importance in water-challenged areas where soil moisture is an issue. During the winter months in these areas, there is usually sufficient precipitation to maintain adequate water content levels in freshly planted trees. However, during the summer and early autumn, there is very little precipitation. This can adversely affect young trees. In this study, measurements were taken to determine root growth and variations in the upper parts of apple trees that were planted in the winter, compared to those planted in the spring when planting usually takes place. To do so, one-year-old 'Miyabi Fuji', grafted onto Marubakaido (Ma) (Malus prunifolia 'Ringo') and M.9 rootstocks, were examined from January through May. The results showed dramatic changes in root growth from March (average root length less than two cm before March) to May (average root length longer than 10 cm) for both rootstocks. Furthermore, trunk moisture content increased over time (51.8% in January and 56.1% in May on M.9). Although root growth in the young apple trees occurred, it is unknown if root water absorption began before or at the same time of the root growth. Root growth developed favorably because of the soil moisture generated by the winter precipitation. We found satisfactory root growth and tree moisture content changes in the trees used in the study, leading us to recommend winter planting in areas where water resources are limited in the non-winter months.
{"title":"Root Growth Changes in the Winter Planting of Young ‘Miyabi Fuji’ Apple Trees","authors":"Alisher Botirov, O. Arakawa","doi":"10.22059/IJHST.2021.315746.428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22059/IJHST.2021.315746.428","url":null,"abstract":"Time of planting is a normal part of any agricultural operation. It has a particularly importance in water-challenged areas where soil moisture is an issue. During the winter months in these areas, there is usually sufficient precipitation to maintain adequate water content levels in freshly planted trees. However, during the summer and early autumn, there is very little precipitation. This can adversely affect young trees. In this study, measurements were taken to determine root growth and variations in the upper parts of apple trees that were planted in the winter, compared to those planted in the spring when planting usually takes place. To do so, one-year-old 'Miyabi Fuji', grafted onto Marubakaido (Ma) (Malus prunifolia 'Ringo') and M.9 rootstocks, were examined from January through May. The results showed dramatic changes in root growth from March (average root length less than two cm before March) to May (average root length longer than 10 cm) for both rootstocks. Furthermore, trunk moisture content increased over time (51.8% in January and 56.1% in May on M.9). Although root growth in the young apple trees occurred, it is unknown if root water absorption began before or at the same time of the root growth. Root growth developed favorably because of the soil moisture generated by the winter precipitation. We found satisfactory root growth and tree moisture content changes in the trees used in the study, leading us to recommend winter planting in areas where water resources are limited in the non-winter months.","PeriodicalId":15968,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticultural Science","volume":"14 1","pages":"227-233"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78436656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-01DOI: 10.22059/IJHST.2020.298266.346
A. Saebi, S. Minaei, A. Mahdavian, M. Ebadi
The amount of active compounds of medicinal plants (e.g. essential oil) varies in different plant parts. Thus, it is important to harvest those parts containing the highest levels of active compounds. In the present study the effect of harvest height on quantity and quality of Hyssopus officinalis was investigated based on a randomized complete block design with three replications. Treatments included four harvest heights including 15, 25, 35, and 45 cm (in basipetal order) and the residual stalks. After measuring the essential oil, the component values analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Regarding essential oil content (% v/w), yield and dry matter of different heights, the 15 cm height had the highest amount of essential oil (1.02±0.01%) and the lowest yield (2.17±0.13 g/m2) and dry matter (213.72±15.32 g/m2). On the contrary, the 45 cm height had the lowest amount of essential oil (0.75±0.01%) and the highest yield (5.7±0.57 g/m2) and dry matter (757.52±63.5 g/m2). For all harvest heights, cis-pinocamphone (53.93-44.6%), β-pinene (15.33-12.5%) and trans-pinocamphone (12.2-8.17%) had the highest levels among the compounds of the essential oil. The findings obtained from present study revealed that, if the quality is the matter, the essential oil extracted from the top 15 cm had the highest quality and purity although it was less in quantity.
{"title":"Quantity and Quality of Hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis L.) Affected by Precision Harvesting","authors":"A. Saebi, S. Minaei, A. Mahdavian, M. Ebadi","doi":"10.22059/IJHST.2020.298266.346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22059/IJHST.2020.298266.346","url":null,"abstract":"The amount of active compounds of medicinal plants (e.g. essential oil) varies in different plant parts. Thus, it is important to harvest those parts containing the highest levels of active compounds. In the present study the effect of harvest height on quantity and quality of Hyssopus officinalis was investigated based on a randomized complete block design with three replications. Treatments included four harvest heights including 15, 25, 35, and 45 cm (in basipetal order) and the residual stalks. After measuring the essential oil, the component values analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Regarding essential oil content (% v/w), yield and dry matter of different heights, the 15 cm height had the highest amount of essential oil (1.02±0.01%) and the lowest yield (2.17±0.13 g/m2) and dry matter (213.72±15.32 g/m2). On the contrary, the 45 cm height had the lowest amount of essential oil (0.75±0.01%) and the highest yield (5.7±0.57 g/m2) and dry matter (757.52±63.5 g/m2). For all harvest heights, cis-pinocamphone (53.93-44.6%), β-pinene (15.33-12.5%) and trans-pinocamphone (12.2-8.17%) had the highest levels among the compounds of the essential oil. The findings obtained from present study revealed that, if the quality is the matter, the essential oil extracted from the top 15 cm had the highest quality and purity although it was less in quantity.","PeriodicalId":15968,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticultural Science","volume":"36 1","pages":"291-304"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82665459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-01DOI: 10.22059/IJHST.2020.298925.350
Y. Hosseini, H. H. Khankahdani, R. Rezazadeh
‘Siyahoo’ mandarin (Citrus reticulata) is one of the most important high-quality cultivars of citrus. The alternate bearing, especially in old trees, is one of the most important economic problems faced by this cultivar, which adversely affects the fruit quality. This study was carried out to examine the effects of the timing of nitrogen foliar application (mid-November, mid-December, and mid-January) as urea 0.5% and harvest time (the first time: concordant with the minimum commercial ratio of TSS/TA and the second time: 45 days after the first time) on improving the fruit yield and quality of ‘Siyahoo’ mandarin during five successive years from 2012 to 2017 using 36 trees. The results showed that the second harvest time (conventionally practiced) produced the highest yield compared to the first harvest time (for the lowest TSS/TA ratio). The highest yield was obtained in the second harvest time when nitrogen was sprayed in November. The significant interaction of harvest time and spray timing revealed the lower pH (~3) in the first harvest compared to the second one (~4). Nitrogen spraying in November and January yielded the highest (8-10) and lowest (<8) TSS/TA ratio, respectively. Although, the effect of the timing of nitrogen spraying on the fruit weight was not significant, spraying in January increased the fruit weight by 10% compared to the November spraying. Variations in the fruit diameter followed a similar pattern to variation in the fruit weight, which was due to their correlations. In conclusion, it is recommended to harvest the fruits after second nitrogen application, because the higher fruit yield and quality in terms of sweetness and flavor (TSS/TA ratio) are more acceptable.
{"title":"Improving Yield and Fruit Quality of ‘Siyahoo’ Mandarin (Citrus reticulata) by Foliar Application of Nitrogen and Harvest Time","authors":"Y. Hosseini, H. H. Khankahdani, R. Rezazadeh","doi":"10.22059/IJHST.2020.298925.350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22059/IJHST.2020.298925.350","url":null,"abstract":"‘Siyahoo’ mandarin (Citrus reticulata) is one of the most important high-quality cultivars of citrus. The alternate bearing, especially in old trees, is one of the most important economic problems faced by this cultivar, which adversely affects the fruit quality. This study was carried out to examine the effects of the timing of nitrogen foliar application (mid-November, mid-December, and mid-January) as urea 0.5% and harvest time (the first time: concordant with the minimum commercial ratio of TSS/TA and the second time: 45 days after the first time) on improving the fruit yield and quality of ‘Siyahoo’ mandarin during five successive years from 2012 to 2017 using 36 trees. The results showed that the second harvest time (conventionally practiced) produced the highest yield compared to the first harvest time (for the lowest TSS/TA ratio). The highest yield was obtained in the second harvest time when nitrogen was sprayed in November. The significant interaction of harvest time and spray timing revealed the lower pH (~3) in the first harvest compared to the second one (~4). Nitrogen spraying in November and January yielded the highest (8-10) and lowest (<8) TSS/TA ratio, respectively. Although, the effect of the timing of nitrogen spraying on the fruit weight was not significant, spraying in January increased the fruit weight by 10% compared to the November spraying. Variations in the fruit diameter followed a similar pattern to variation in the fruit weight, which was due to their correlations. In conclusion, it is recommended to harvest the fruits after second nitrogen application, because the higher fruit yield and quality in terms of sweetness and flavor (TSS/TA ratio) are more acceptable.","PeriodicalId":15968,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticultural Science","volume":"1 1","pages":"247-258"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74894281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-01DOI: 10.22059/IJHST.2021.306752.381
P. Abraham, O. Banwo, B. D. Kashina, M. D. Alegbejo
This study is aimed to detect weed hosts of Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus (TYLCV) in field-grown tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) in Sudan savanna regions (Gombe, Jigawa and Kano states) of Nigeria during 2017 and 2018 dry and wet seasons. Three farms each from three Local Government Areas (LGAs) of each state were surveyed. Ten symptomatic and asymptomatic weed samples within and around each farm (n=1080) were randomly collected and assayed against TYLCV using Triple Antibody Sandwich Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (TAS-ELISA). Based on the obtained results, 14 weed species from 12 families were detected as alternative host of TYLCV in all states surveyed but with variation in distribution. Gombe and Kano states had significantly (p ≤ 0.05) the highest number (7) of TYLCV weed hosts while the lowest number (4) of TYLCV weed hosts was recorded in Jigawa state. Cassia obtusifolia Linn., significantly (p ≤ 0.05) showed the highest TYLCV frequency rating of 12.1%. The study reports for the first time 13 weed species naturally occurring as an alternative host of TYLCV in Nigeria. The detection of these weed hosts of TYLCV will give a better understanding of the virus disease epidemiology for its effective management. Exploring more weed hosts of TYLCV and molecular characterization of the virus in these weeds for the possible evolution of novel strain(s) in the region is recommended.
{"title":"Identification of Weed Hosts of Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus in Field-Grown Tomato in Sudan Savanna, Nigeria","authors":"P. Abraham, O. Banwo, B. D. Kashina, M. D. Alegbejo","doi":"10.22059/IJHST.2021.306752.381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22059/IJHST.2021.306752.381","url":null,"abstract":"This study is aimed to detect weed hosts of Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus (TYLCV) in field-grown tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) in Sudan savanna regions (Gombe, Jigawa and Kano states) of Nigeria during 2017 and 2018 dry and wet seasons. Three farms each from three Local Government Areas (LGAs) of each state were surveyed. Ten symptomatic and asymptomatic weed samples within and around each farm (n=1080) were randomly collected and assayed against TYLCV using Triple Antibody Sandwich Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (TAS-ELISA). Based on the obtained results, 14 weed species from 12 families were detected as alternative host of TYLCV in all states surveyed but with variation in distribution. Gombe and Kano states had significantly (p ≤ 0.05) the highest number (7) of TYLCV weed hosts while the lowest number (4) of TYLCV weed hosts was recorded in Jigawa state. Cassia obtusifolia Linn., significantly (p ≤ 0.05) showed the highest TYLCV frequency rating of 12.1%. The study reports for the first time 13 weed species naturally occurring as an alternative host of TYLCV in Nigeria. The detection of these weed hosts of TYLCV will give a better understanding of the virus disease epidemiology for its effective management. Exploring more weed hosts of TYLCV and molecular characterization of the virus in these weeds for the possible evolution of novel strain(s) in the region is recommended.","PeriodicalId":15968,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticultural Science","volume":"65 1","pages":"235-246"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84648135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-23DOI: 10.22059/IJHS.2019.287992.1708
Sedigheh Barati, M. Lahouti, M. Cheniany
Since agricultural soils in many parts of the world are contaminated with varying amounts of heavy metals, heavy metal stress is one of the major issues in these areas that can have a negative effects on crop production. In this study, the effect of different levels of molybdenum [Control (C: 1.9 µM), C+0.5, C+2.5, C+5, C+10 µM sodium molybdate] was evaluated on the growth and function of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant system of parsley at seedling stage. The results showed that although the molybdenum stress decreased dry weight and length of both plant parts (shoot and root) as well as membrane stability index and relative water content, it had an increasing effect on proline (150% increase in proline content of shoot compared to control) and phenolic compounds (80% and 85% increase in phenolic content of shoot and root, compared to control). The activity of antioxidant enzymes catalase, benzidine peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase and polyphenoloxidase was also increased under molybdenum stress. Therefore, it may be concluded that parsley seedlings try to "tolerate" the stress condition of molybdenum heavy metal at this physiological-growth stage by partially reducing the growth process and, in turn, enhancing its antioxidant defense systems.
{"title":"Effects of molybdenum stress on antioxidant system performance of parsley seedlings (Petroselinum sativum L.) under laboratory condition","authors":"Sedigheh Barati, M. Lahouti, M. Cheniany","doi":"10.22059/IJHS.2019.287992.1708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22059/IJHS.2019.287992.1708","url":null,"abstract":"Since agricultural soils in many parts of the world are contaminated with varying amounts of heavy metals, heavy metal stress is one of the major issues in these areas that can have a negative effects on crop production. In this study, the effect of different levels of molybdenum [Control (C: 1.9 µM), C+0.5, C+2.5, C+5, C+10 µM sodium molybdate] was evaluated on the growth and function of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant system of parsley at seedling stage. The results showed that although the molybdenum stress decreased dry weight and length of both plant parts (shoot and root) as well as membrane stability index and relative water content, it had an increasing effect on proline (150% increase in proline content of shoot compared to control) and phenolic compounds (80% and 85% increase in phenolic content of shoot and root, compared to control). The activity of antioxidant enzymes catalase, benzidine peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase and polyphenoloxidase was also increased under molybdenum stress. Therefore, it may be concluded that parsley seedlings try to \"tolerate\" the stress condition of molybdenum heavy metal at this physiological-growth stage by partially reducing the growth process and, in turn, enhancing its antioxidant defense systems.","PeriodicalId":15968,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticultural Science","volume":"10 1","pages":"281-291"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74961729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-23DOI: 10.22059/IJHS.2020.287878.1703
حیدر مفتاحی زاده, محمد حسن عصاره
به منظور ارزیابی اثر تراکم بوته و کود نیتروژن بر خصوصیات فنولوژیکی، کیفی، ظرفیت فتوسنتزی و اجزای عملکرد توده بومی گوار، آزمایشی به صورت کرتهای خرد شده در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در شهرستان ایرانشهر در سال زراعی 1397-1396 اجراء گردید. عامل اصلی با چهار سطح تراکم بوته (25، 45، 60 و 85 بوته در متر مربع) و عامل فرعی، چهار سطح کود نیتروژن از منبع اوره (صفر، 50، 100، 150 کیلوگرم در هکتار کود اوره) بود. نتایج تجزیه واریانس دادهها نشان داد اثر تراکم بوته بر تمامی صفات مورد بررسی، به جزء کربوهیدرات، صمغ و پروتئین، در سطح 1 درصد معنیدار بود. مقایسه میانگین تراکم بوته نشان داد تیمار 25و 85 بوته در مترمربع به ترتیب دارای بیشترین و کمترین تعداد شاخه فرعی بودند. تیمار 45 و 85 بوته در مترمربع، بهترتیب دارای بیشترین و کمترین میانگین عملکرد بذر و عملکرد بیولوژیکی (کیلوگرم در هکتار) بودند. اثر متقابل100 کیلوگرم کود نیتروژن در تراکم 60 بوته در مترمربع دارای بیشترین درصد پروتئین و اثر متقابل صفر کیلو کود نیتروژن و تراکم 45 بوته در مترمربع دارای حداقل درصد پروتئین بودند. نتایج نشان داد برای دستیابی به عملکرد بذر و صمغ مطلوب، تیمار تراکم 45 بوته در مترمربع و50 کیلوگرم کود نیتروژن در هکتار برای توده بومی گرمبیت پیشنهاد می شود.
{"title":"تأثیر تراکم بوته و نیتروژن بر ویژگیهای فنولوژیکی، ظرفیت فتوسنتزی و خصوصیات کیفی توده بومی گوار ((Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub.","authors":"حیدر مفتاحی زاده, محمد حسن عصاره","doi":"10.22059/IJHS.2020.287878.1703","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22059/IJHS.2020.287878.1703","url":null,"abstract":"به منظور ارزیابی اثر تراکم بوته و کود نیتروژن بر خصوصیات فنولوژیکی، کیفی، ظرفیت فتوسنتزی و اجزای عملکرد توده بومی گوار، آزمایشی به صورت کرتهای خرد شده در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در شهرستان ایرانشهر در سال زراعی 1397-1396 اجراء گردید. عامل اصلی با چهار سطح تراکم بوته (25، 45، 60 و 85 بوته در متر مربع) و عامل فرعی، چهار سطح کود نیتروژن از منبع اوره (صفر، 50، 100، 150 کیلوگرم در هکتار کود اوره) بود. نتایج تجزیه واریانس دادهها نشان داد اثر تراکم بوته بر تمامی صفات مورد بررسی، به جزء کربوهیدرات، صمغ و پروتئین، در سطح 1 درصد معنیدار بود. مقایسه میانگین تراکم بوته نشان داد تیمار 25و 85 بوته در مترمربع به ترتیب دارای بیشترین و کمترین تعداد شاخه فرعی بودند. تیمار 45 و 85 بوته در مترمربع، بهترتیب دارای بیشترین و کمترین میانگین عملکرد بذر و عملکرد بیولوژیکی (کیلوگرم در هکتار) بودند. اثر متقابل100 کیلوگرم کود نیتروژن در تراکم 60 بوته در مترمربع دارای بیشترین درصد پروتئین و اثر متقابل صفر کیلو کود نیتروژن و تراکم 45 بوته در مترمربع دارای حداقل درصد پروتئین بودند. نتایج نشان داد برای دستیابی به عملکرد بذر و صمغ مطلوب، تیمار تراکم 45 بوته در مترمربع و50 کیلوگرم کود نیتروژن در هکتار برای توده بومی گرمبیت پیشنهاد می شود.","PeriodicalId":15968,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticultural Science","volume":"113 1","pages":"329-339"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82484763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-23DOI: 10.22059/IJHS.2020.292072.1737
یوسف جهانی جلودار, طاهر برزگر, داود حسن پناه, زهرا قهرمانی
رقمهای جدید سیبزمینی با عملکرد بالا، زودرس و با کیفیت مطلوب نقش مهمی در امنیت غذایی، کاهش نوسانات قیمت و هزینه های انبارداری و دسترسی به محصول تازه در تمام فصول سال دارند. در این تحقیق صفات کمی و کیفی 15 ژنوتیپ سیبزمینی حاصل از جمعیت های اصلاحی در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار در منطقه اردبیل به مدت دو سال (1397 و 1398) بررسی شدند. نتایج نشان داد اثر متقابل ژنوتیپ در سال بر عمکلرد کل، عملکرد بازارپسند، تعداد و وزن غده در بوته، ارتفاع بوته و تعداد روز تا غدهزایی در سطح یک درصد معنیدار بود و بر تعداد ساقه اصلی در بوته، درصد ماده خشک، وزن مخصوص غده، درصد نشاسته، ویتامین ث غده و درصد پروتئین غده تاثیر معنی داری نداشت. ژنوتیپ های 901375، 90275، ساوالان، 90527، 90127، 90827، آگریا و مارفونا در طی دو سال آزمایش دارای بیشترین عملکرد غده بودند. از بین ژنوتیپهای پرمحصول، ژنوتیپهای شماره1 (901375) و 4 (ساوالان) از بالاترین درصد ماده خشک غده، وزن مخصوص غده، درصد نشاسته غده، مقدار ویتامین ث غده و درصد پروتئین برخوردار بودند. بر اساس عملکرد و اجزای آن و صفات کیفی اندازه گیری شده ژنوتیپ های 901375 و ساوالان به عنوان ژنوتیپ های پرمحصول با صفات کیفی مناسب انتخاب شدند.
{"title":"ارزیابی عملکرد غده و برخی صفات کمی و کیفی 15 ژنوتیپ امیدبخش سیبزمینی در منطقه اردبیل","authors":"یوسف جهانی جلودار, طاهر برزگر, داود حسن پناه, زهرا قهرمانی","doi":"10.22059/IJHS.2020.292072.1737","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22059/IJHS.2020.292072.1737","url":null,"abstract":"رقمهای جدید سیبزمینی با عملکرد بالا، زودرس و با کیفیت مطلوب نقش مهمی در امنیت غذایی، کاهش نوسانات قیمت و هزینه های انبارداری و دسترسی به محصول تازه در تمام فصول سال دارند. در این تحقیق صفات کمی و کیفی 15 ژنوتیپ سیبزمینی حاصل از جمعیت های اصلاحی در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار در منطقه اردبیل به مدت دو سال (1397 و 1398) بررسی شدند. نتایج نشان داد اثر متقابل ژنوتیپ در سال بر عمکلرد کل، عملکرد بازارپسند، تعداد و وزن غده در بوته، ارتفاع بوته و تعداد روز تا غدهزایی در سطح یک درصد معنیدار بود و بر تعداد ساقه اصلی در بوته، درصد ماده خشک، وزن مخصوص غده، درصد نشاسته، ویتامین ث غده و درصد پروتئین غده تاثیر معنی داری نداشت. ژنوتیپ های 901375، 90275، ساوالان، 90527، 90127، 90827، آگریا و مارفونا در طی دو سال آزمایش دارای بیشترین عملکرد غده بودند. از بین ژنوتیپهای پرمحصول، ژنوتیپهای شماره1 (901375) و 4 (ساوالان) از بالاترین درصد ماده خشک غده، وزن مخصوص غده، درصد نشاسته غده، مقدار ویتامین ث غده و درصد پروتئین برخوردار بودند. بر اساس عملکرد و اجزای آن و صفات کیفی اندازه گیری شده ژنوتیپ های 901375 و ساوالان به عنوان ژنوتیپ های پرمحصول با صفات کیفی مناسب انتخاب شدند.","PeriodicalId":15968,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticultural Science","volume":"16 1","pages":"293-303"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80495437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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