Pub Date : 2021-02-19DOI: 10.22059/IJHS.2019.270124.1560
H. Zekavati, N. Mansouri, Seyyedeh Roghayeh Fatemi
In order to investigate the effect of different levels of Trichoderma fungus on some morpho-physiological and flowering traits of tuberoseunder drought stress conditions, an experiment was conducted in a factorial based on completely randomized design with three replications in greenhouses of Ferdowsi University in 2017. The first factor was drought stress at three levels (100 (Control), 50 and 25% FC) and the second factor was Trichodermaharzianum biat three levels (20, 10 and 0% pot weight). The results showed that drought stress increased the amount of antioxidant and proline and had a negative significant effect on fresh and dry weights of root and bulblet, Relative water content, leaf number, floret diameter and number of open florets, but Trichoderma largely moderated these negative effects. The highest amount of relative humidity content of leaf water (84.5%) was obtained at 10% level of fungus, which did not show a significant difference from 20% level of fungus. In the rest of the traits, the highest levels were found at 20% level of fungus. The interactions effect of fungus and droght stress on the floret diameter, fresh and dry weights of root and bulblet were significant and Trichoderma fungus improve the negative effects of drought stress. Trichoderma fungus, besides reducing the effects of drought stress, increases vegetative growth and bulblets and increases the number of open florets. Based on results, use of Trichoderma fungus can be suggested as a effective factor in increasing the quality of tuberoseflower in similar conditions.
{"title":"Effect of Trichoderma harzianum fungus on the physiology traits and some vegetative and reproductive characteristics of tuberose (Polianthes tuberose L. cv. Double) under drought stress conditions","authors":"H. Zekavati, N. Mansouri, Seyyedeh Roghayeh Fatemi","doi":"10.22059/IJHS.2019.270124.1560","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22059/IJHS.2019.270124.1560","url":null,"abstract":"In order to investigate the effect of different levels of Trichoderma fungus on some morpho-physiological and flowering traits of tuberoseunder drought stress conditions, an experiment was conducted in a factorial based on completely randomized design with three replications in greenhouses of Ferdowsi University in 2017. The first factor was drought stress at three levels (100 (Control), 50 and 25% FC) and the second factor was Trichodermaharzianum biat three levels (20, 10 and 0% pot weight). The results showed that drought stress increased the amount of antioxidant and proline and had a negative significant effect on fresh and dry weights of root and bulblet, Relative water content, leaf number, floret diameter and number of open florets, but Trichoderma largely moderated these negative effects. The highest amount of relative humidity content of leaf water (84.5%) was obtained at 10% level of fungus, which did not show a significant difference from 20% level of fungus. In the rest of the traits, the highest levels were found at 20% level of fungus. The interactions effect of fungus and droght stress on the floret diameter, fresh and dry weights of root and bulblet were significant and Trichoderma fungus improve the negative effects of drought stress. Trichoderma fungus, besides reducing the effects of drought stress, increases vegetative growth and bulblets and increases the number of open florets. Based on results, use of Trichoderma fungus can be suggested as a effective factor in increasing the quality of tuberoseflower in similar conditions.","PeriodicalId":15968,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticultural Science","volume":"38 1","pages":"1017-1026"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91160780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.22059/IJHST.2020.309363.392
S. Sarikhani, K. Vahdati, W. Ligterink
Evaluation of genetic diversity and identification of superior genotypes is a fundamental stepin walnut breeding programs. In addition, information on biochemical properties of superiorgenotypes can help walnut breeders to release commercial varieties with high kernel quality.To gain more information on superior genotypes, a walnut population located in southwest ofIran was morphologically evaluated from 2010 to 2016. Based on important walnut breedingtraits, nine superior walnut genotypes were selected from a total of 612 tested genotypes.These genotypes were characterized by high yield, moderate to late-leafing, lateral bearing,thin shell and large nuts with light and extra-light kernel color. Biochemical traits of theselected superior genotypes were evaluated for two consecutive years (2017 and 2018) and ahigh variation was observed among genotypes in respect of oil, protein and total phenolcontents. Oil, protein and phenol contents of walnut kernels ranged between 57.9 to 69.6%,13.0 to18.1% and 46.6 to 61.5 mg GAE g-1, respectively. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA),monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) and saturated fatty acids (SFA) constituted on average63.8%, 26.7% and 9.7% of fatty acid content, respectively. There was a negative correlationbetween some phenological traits and oil and protein contents. Lateral bearing genotypes haddarker kernels with higher amounts of saturated fatty acids. In general, the selected walnutgenotypes not only are superior in various aspects of phenotypic characteristics, but also havehigh kernel quality and nutritional value which can be used as a source of desirable genes forfuture walnut breeding programs.
{"title":"Biochemical Properties of Superior Persian Walnut Genotypes Originated from Southwest of Iran","authors":"S. Sarikhani, K. Vahdati, W. Ligterink","doi":"10.22059/IJHST.2020.309363.392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22059/IJHST.2020.309363.392","url":null,"abstract":"Evaluation of genetic diversity and identification of superior genotypes is a fundamental stepin walnut breeding programs. In addition, information on biochemical properties of superiorgenotypes can help walnut breeders to release commercial varieties with high kernel quality.To gain more information on superior genotypes, a walnut population located in southwest ofIran was morphologically evaluated from 2010 to 2016. Based on important walnut breedingtraits, nine superior walnut genotypes were selected from a total of 612 tested genotypes.These genotypes were characterized by high yield, moderate to late-leafing, lateral bearing,thin shell and large nuts with light and extra-light kernel color. Biochemical traits of theselected superior genotypes were evaluated for two consecutive years (2017 and 2018) and ahigh variation was observed among genotypes in respect of oil, protein and total phenolcontents. Oil, protein and phenol contents of walnut kernels ranged between 57.9 to 69.6%,13.0 to18.1% and 46.6 to 61.5 mg GAE g-1, respectively. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA),monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) and saturated fatty acids (SFA) constituted on average63.8%, 26.7% and 9.7% of fatty acid content, respectively. There was a negative correlationbetween some phenological traits and oil and protein contents. Lateral bearing genotypes haddarker kernels with higher amounts of saturated fatty acids. In general, the selected walnutgenotypes not only are superior in various aspects of phenotypic characteristics, but also havehigh kernel quality and nutritional value which can be used as a source of desirable genes forfuture walnut breeding programs.","PeriodicalId":15968,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticultural Science","volume":"34 1","pages":"13-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74607449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.22059/IJHST.2020.302676.368
Danial Shokouhi, A. Bagheri, A. Seifi
To establish a dynamic and fine suspension culture, four different methods of tomato cell suspension culture were compared. Hypocotyl explants of the tomato cultivar Jina were used for callus induction on Murashige and Skoog (MS) Medium supplemented with three different phytohormone combinations. Then, one gram of each type of calli was transferred to 50 mL of liquid MS medium with four combinations of auxins and cytokinins to produce cell suspensions. The growth rate, judged by cell turbidity, cell fresh weight, and cell viability was evaluated. The best suspension culture was obtained by using friable calli formed on MS medium containing 1 mg L-1 NAA and 0.1 mg L-1 kinetin, transferred to the liquid MS supplemented with 2 mg L-1 NAA, 0.2 mg L-1 2, 4-D and 0.2 mg L-1 zeatin.
{"title":"Growth Dynamics and Cell Viability in Tomato Suspension Cultures Derived from Different Types of Calli","authors":"Danial Shokouhi, A. Bagheri, A. Seifi","doi":"10.22059/IJHST.2020.302676.368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22059/IJHST.2020.302676.368","url":null,"abstract":"To establish a dynamic and fine suspension culture, four different methods of tomato cell suspension culture were compared. Hypocotyl explants of the tomato cultivar Jina were used for callus induction on Murashige and Skoog (MS) Medium supplemented with three different phytohormone combinations. Then, one gram of each type of calli was transferred to 50 mL of liquid MS medium with four combinations of auxins and cytokinins to produce cell suspensions. The growth rate, judged by cell turbidity, cell fresh weight, and cell viability was evaluated. The best suspension culture was obtained by using friable calli formed on MS medium containing 1 mg L-1 NAA and 0.1 mg L-1 kinetin, transferred to the liquid MS supplemented with 2 mg L-1 NAA, 0.2 mg L-1 2, 4-D and 0.2 mg L-1 zeatin.","PeriodicalId":15968,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticultural Science","volume":"30 1","pages":"25-35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76026388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.22059/IJHST.2020.285851.308
Marzieh Babashpour-Asl, Marzieh Piryaei
This study aimed to determine the amount of flavonoids, anthocyanins, total phenolic compounds, ascorbic acid and antioxidant activity of the peel and pulp of the quince (Cydonia oblonga Mill.) in the polar and nonpolar sub-fractions of methanol extracts with two extraction methods, Soxhlet and microwave. The antioxidant properties were assessed by the ability to quench the stable free radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and β-carotene bleaching assays. The results showed that the Soxhlet method extracted higher amount of the phytochemicals. In the DPPH system, the highest radical scavenging activity was seen by the polar sub-fraction of the methanol extract in the peel of quince fruit (IC50=52±7.3 μg/mL). Among all the extracts analyzed, the polar sub-fraction of the peel extract exhibited a significantly higher total flavonoid (62.33±3.1 mg CTE/100 g), anthocyanin (1.54±0.24 μg C-3-GE/100 mg fresh weight), phenolic content (108.14 μg GAE/mg) and antioxidant activity than other samples with Soxhlet extraction method. Fruit has a number of bioactive ingredients and many of them were concentrated in the peel of the fruit rather than the flesh. Therefore, enjoy the benefits that unpeeled fruit offers! The present study revealed that the peel of quince fruit has higher phytochemicals and antioxidant properties when compared to the pulp.
{"title":"Free Radical Scavengering and Phenolic Compounds of Peel and Pulp of Quince","authors":"Marzieh Babashpour-Asl, Marzieh Piryaei","doi":"10.22059/IJHST.2020.285851.308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22059/IJHST.2020.285851.308","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to determine the amount of flavonoids, anthocyanins, total phenolic compounds, ascorbic acid and antioxidant activity of the peel and pulp of the quince (Cydonia oblonga Mill.) in the polar and nonpolar sub-fractions of methanol extracts with two extraction methods, Soxhlet and microwave. The antioxidant properties were assessed by the ability to quench the stable free radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and β-carotene bleaching assays. The results showed that the Soxhlet method extracted higher amount of the phytochemicals. In the DPPH system, the highest radical scavenging activity was seen by the polar sub-fraction of the methanol extract in the peel of quince fruit (IC50=52±7.3 μg/mL). Among all the extracts analyzed, the polar sub-fraction of the peel extract exhibited a significantly higher total flavonoid (62.33±3.1 mg CTE/100 g), anthocyanin (1.54±0.24 μg C-3-GE/100 mg fresh weight), phenolic content (108.14 μg GAE/mg) and antioxidant activity than other samples with Soxhlet extraction method. Fruit has a number of bioactive ingredients and many of them were concentrated in the peel of the fruit rather than the flesh. Therefore, enjoy the benefits that unpeeled fruit offers! The present study revealed that the peel of quince fruit has higher phytochemicals and antioxidant properties when compared to the pulp.","PeriodicalId":15968,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticultural Science","volume":"11 1","pages":"91-101"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90964396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.22059/IJHST.2020.296696.339
Hossein Naderi Boldaji, Shirin Dianati Daylami, S. Aliniaeifard, M. Norouzi
Light spectrum is one of the environmental cues that influence plant growth and development. Light is a stimulating factor for induction of somatic embryos during tissue culture practices. To accelerate the direct embryogenesis, six different light spectra including: white (W), red (R), blue (B), green (G), red + blue (R+B) and red + far red (R+FR) together with dark condition (D), in combination with thidiazuron (TDZ) in four concentrations (0, 0.5, 1.5 and 3 mg L-1) were used. Inter-simple sequence repeat was used for identification and genetic stability analysis of somatic regenerated plantlets. Intact protocorm explants showed higher potential for direct somatic embryogenesis (DSE) than the other explants. The rate of DSE was highly dependent on the concentration of TDZ and its interaction with light spectra. R and R + FR spectra with 3 mg L-1 TDZ on intact protocorms and R+FR with 3 mg L-1 TDZ were efficient treatments to induce DSE without somaclonal variation. G light spectrum has also significant effects on DSE of protocorm explants. The amplified products showed 26 scorable bands and regenerates were completely identical to the mother plant. In conclusion, this protocol provides way to regenerate plants through embryogenesis, and is a reliable protocol to obtain proper development and genetic stable Phalaenopsis embryos.
{"title":"Efficient Method for Direct Embryogenesis in Phalaenopsis Orchid","authors":"Hossein Naderi Boldaji, Shirin Dianati Daylami, S. Aliniaeifard, M. Norouzi","doi":"10.22059/IJHST.2020.296696.339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22059/IJHST.2020.296696.339","url":null,"abstract":"Light spectrum is one of the environmental cues that influence plant growth and development. Light is a stimulating factor for induction of somatic embryos during tissue culture practices. To accelerate the direct embryogenesis, six different light spectra including: white (W), red (R), blue (B), green (G), red + blue (R+B) and red + far red (R+FR) together with dark condition (D), in combination with thidiazuron (TDZ) in four concentrations (0, 0.5, 1.5 and 3 mg L-1) were used. Inter-simple sequence repeat was used for identification and genetic stability analysis of somatic regenerated plantlets. Intact protocorm explants showed higher potential for direct somatic embryogenesis (DSE) than the other explants. The rate of DSE was highly dependent on the concentration of TDZ and its interaction with light spectra. R and R + FR spectra with 3 mg L-1 TDZ on intact protocorms and R+FR with 3 mg L-1 TDZ were efficient treatments to induce DSE without somaclonal variation. G light spectrum has also significant effects on DSE of protocorm explants. The amplified products showed 26 scorable bands and regenerates were completely identical to the mother plant. In conclusion, this protocol provides way to regenerate plants through embryogenesis, and is a reliable protocol to obtain proper development and genetic stable Phalaenopsis embryos.","PeriodicalId":15968,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticultural Science","volume":"37 1","pages":"37-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87454331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.22059/IJHST.2020.294658.328
M. Mohebodini, Karim Farmanpour-Kalalagh
Anethum graveolens L. is a vegetable-aromatic medicinal herb of Apiaceae family and cultivated in different parts of the world including Iran. The aim of this study was to study the chemical composition of essential oils in four Iranian dill ecotypes. The extracted essential oils compositions were different in the ecotypes so that 38, 27, 25, and 24 volatile constituents were identified in Ardabil, Isfahan, Mashhad, and Kerman ecotypes, respectively. Eighteen compounds such as Toluene, α-thujene, camphene, sabinene, β-pinene, β-myrcene, α-phellandrene, α-terpinene, β-phellandrene, undecane, sabinol, dill ether, carvacrol, germacrene D, dill apiole, neophytadiene, hexahydrofarnesyl acetone, and phytol were recognized in all ecotypes but in different amounts. Analysis of variance showed the significancy of α-thujene, β-pinene, β-myrcene, α-phellandrene, β-phellandrene, undecane, dill ether, sabinol, germacrene D, dill apiole, neophytadiene, and hexahydrofarnesyl acetone at 0.001 probability levels. Means comparison of significant compounds showed highest mean values for β-pinene, undecane, germacrene D, neophytadiene, hexahydrofarnesyl acetone, and phytol in Ardabil ecotype; α-thujene, β-myrcene, β-phellandrene, and dill ether in Mashhad ecotype; and α-phellandrene, sabinol, and dill apiole in Kerman ecotype. Factor analysis indicated that three main and independent factors accounted for 100% of the total variance. The first, second, and third factors with 47.5, 31.9, and 20.63 % of variance included 9, 6, and 4 compounds, respectively. The knowledge of essential oil compositions of the studied ecotypes could be useful to choose the appropriate for breeding purposes based on phytochemical diversity or for use in pharmaceutical and food industries for extraction of special compounds.
{"title":"Comparative Chemical Composition of Essential Oils in Dill (Anethum graveolens L.) Ecotypes: Focus on Univariate and Factor Analysis","authors":"M. Mohebodini, Karim Farmanpour-Kalalagh","doi":"10.22059/IJHST.2020.294658.328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22059/IJHST.2020.294658.328","url":null,"abstract":"Anethum graveolens L. is a vegetable-aromatic medicinal herb of Apiaceae family and cultivated in different parts of the world including Iran. The aim of this study was to study the chemical composition of essential oils in four Iranian dill ecotypes. The extracted essential oils compositions were different in the ecotypes so that 38, 27, 25, and 24 volatile constituents were identified in Ardabil, Isfahan, Mashhad, and Kerman ecotypes, respectively. Eighteen compounds such as Toluene, α-thujene, camphene, sabinene, β-pinene, β-myrcene, α-phellandrene, α-terpinene, β-phellandrene, undecane, sabinol, dill ether, carvacrol, germacrene D, dill apiole, neophytadiene, hexahydrofarnesyl acetone, and phytol were recognized in all ecotypes but in different amounts. Analysis of variance showed the significancy of α-thujene, β-pinene, β-myrcene, α-phellandrene, β-phellandrene, undecane, dill ether, sabinol, germacrene D, dill apiole, neophytadiene, and hexahydrofarnesyl acetone at 0.001 probability levels. Means comparison of significant compounds showed highest mean values for β-pinene, undecane, germacrene D, neophytadiene, hexahydrofarnesyl acetone, and phytol in Ardabil ecotype; α-thujene, β-myrcene, β-phellandrene, and dill ether in Mashhad ecotype; and α-phellandrene, sabinol, and dill apiole in Kerman ecotype. Factor analysis indicated that three main and independent factors accounted for 100% of the total variance. The first, second, and third factors with 47.5, 31.9, and 20.63 % of variance included 9, 6, and 4 compounds, respectively. The knowledge of essential oil compositions of the studied ecotypes could be useful to choose the appropriate for breeding purposes based on phytochemical diversity or for use in pharmaceutical and food industries for extraction of special compounds.","PeriodicalId":15968,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticultural Science","volume":"73 1","pages":"81-90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86830603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.22059/IJHST.2021.294838.331
H. Ebrahimzadeh, M. Lotfi, Mohammad Sadat-Hosseini
Doubled haploid method via parthenogenesis induction still remained prominent in Cucurbitaceae breeding due to drastic reduction in time and cost of newly released lines. In this study, different doses of Gamma ray (25, 50, 75, 100, and 200 Gy) were used to irradiate pollen grains for induction of parthenogenetic haploid embryos in oilseed pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo var. ‘Styriaca’). Parthenogenetic embryos at different developmental stages were rescued in vitro and 348 plants were obtained, of which 134 were recognized as haploid by ploidy analysis. The highest rate of haploid plants was obtained from globular (25.3%) and torpedo (23.8% plants) embryos followed by arrow-tip (13.4%), torpedo (10.5%), stick (10.5%), heart (9%), and cotyledonary (7.5%), respectively. All doses, except 200 Gy, were effective for induction of embryos and haploid plants; in a way that the highest number of haploids was obtained by 100 Gy. Our results indicated that parthenogenetic haploid embryos could be efficiently induced in C. pepo if proper Gamma ray dose and developmental stage of embryos are selected.
孤雌诱导双单倍体方法在葫芦科育种中仍然占有突出地位，因为它大大减少了新品系的发布时间和成本。采用不同剂量(25、50、75、100和200 Gy)的γ射线照射油籽南瓜(Cucurbita pepo var. ' Styriaca ')花粉粒，诱导其孤雌单倍体胚。对不同发育阶段的孤雌胚进行体外抢救，获得348株，其中134株经倍性分析鉴定为单倍体。单倍体比例最高的是球形胚(25.3%)和鱼雷胚(23.8%)，其次是箭尖胚(13.4%)、鱼雷胚(10.5%)、棒胚(10.5%)、心胚(9%)和子叶胚(7.5%)。除200 Gy外，其余剂量均对诱导胚和单倍体植株有效;单倍体的数量在100 Gy时达到最高。结果表明，只要选择合适的γ射线剂量和发育阶段，可以有效地诱导出单性单倍体胚胎。
{"title":"Parthenogenetic Haploid Plant Production in Styrian Pumpkin by Gamma Irradiated Pollen","authors":"H. Ebrahimzadeh, M. Lotfi, Mohammad Sadat-Hosseini","doi":"10.22059/IJHST.2021.294838.331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22059/IJHST.2021.294838.331","url":null,"abstract":"Doubled haploid method via parthenogenesis induction still remained prominent in Cucurbitaceae breeding due to drastic reduction in time and cost of newly released lines. In this study, different doses of Gamma ray (25, 50, 75, 100, and 200 Gy) were used to irradiate pollen grains for induction of parthenogenetic haploid embryos in oilseed pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo var. ‘Styriaca’). Parthenogenetic embryos at different developmental stages were rescued in vitro and 348 plants were obtained, of which 134 were recognized as haploid by ploidy analysis. The highest rate of haploid plants was obtained from globular (25.3%) and torpedo (23.8% plants) embryos followed by arrow-tip (13.4%), torpedo (10.5%), stick (10.5%), heart (9%), and cotyledonary (7.5%), respectively. All doses, except 200 Gy, were effective for induction of embryos and haploid plants; in a way that the highest number of haploids was obtained by 100 Gy. Our results indicated that parthenogenetic haploid embryos could be efficiently induced in C. pepo if proper Gamma ray dose and developmental stage of embryos are selected.","PeriodicalId":15968,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticultural Science","volume":"65 1","pages":"285-294"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91226553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.22059/IJHST.2020.296297.337
G. Malekshahi, Babak ValizadehKaji
Regardless of the low respiration rate in pomegranate fruits, it is a greatly perishable product. An alternative to maintain quality and prolong the shelf life of pomegranate fruits could be edible coatings. In the present study, three different edible coatings including: 1% chitosan, 1000 mg L-1 thymol, and their combined were investigated on the postharvest quality of pomegranate fruits. Changes in weight loss, fruit firmness, total soluble solids (TSS), titratable acidity (TA), juice pH, anthocyanin, total phenolic, and flavonoids content, sensory characteristics and fungal decay incidence of fruits were evaluated during 30, 60, 90 and 120 days storage at 6 °C. The results showed that coated fruits with 1% chitosan + 1000 mg L-1 thymol significantly decreased weight loss and firmness than uncoated fruits. Furthermore, the coated fruits with 1% chitosan + 1000 mg L-1 thymol exhibited significantly higher anthocyanin, total phenolic, flavonoids content, and sensory characteristics than the control treatment. The minimum shelf-life (83.33 days) was observed in uncoated fruits, while the maximum shelf-life (108.33 days) was recorded in fruits coated with 1 % chitosan + 1000 mg L-1 thymol. Duration of storage had a significant effect on weight loss, firmness, juice pH, anthocyanin content, total phenolic content, flavonoids content, sensory characteristics, and decay, whereas there was no significant effect on TSS, TA, and TSS/TA. In conclusion, the combined application of chitosan and thymol can provide a useful alternative for shelf life extension of pomegranate fruits.
{"title":"Effects of Postharvest Edible Coatings to Maintain Qualitative Properties and to Extend Shelf-life of Pomegranate (Punica granatum. L)","authors":"G. Malekshahi, Babak ValizadehKaji","doi":"10.22059/IJHST.2020.296297.337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22059/IJHST.2020.296297.337","url":null,"abstract":"Regardless of the low respiration rate in pomegranate fruits, it is a greatly perishable product. An alternative to maintain quality and prolong the shelf life of pomegranate fruits could be edible coatings. In the present study, three different edible coatings including: 1% chitosan, 1000 mg L-1 thymol, and their combined were investigated on the postharvest quality of pomegranate fruits. Changes in weight loss, fruit firmness, total soluble solids (TSS), titratable acidity (TA), juice pH, anthocyanin, total phenolic, and flavonoids content, sensory characteristics and fungal decay incidence of fruits were evaluated during 30, 60, 90 and 120 days storage at 6 °C. The results showed that coated fruits with 1% chitosan + 1000 mg L-1 thymol significantly decreased weight loss and firmness than uncoated fruits. Furthermore, the coated fruits with 1% chitosan + 1000 mg L-1 thymol exhibited significantly higher anthocyanin, total phenolic, flavonoids content, and sensory characteristics than the control treatment. The minimum shelf-life (83.33 days) was observed in uncoated fruits, while the maximum shelf-life (108.33 days) was recorded in fruits coated with 1 % chitosan + 1000 mg L-1 thymol. Duration of storage had a significant effect on weight loss, firmness, juice pH, anthocyanin content, total phenolic content, flavonoids content, sensory characteristics, and decay, whereas there was no significant effect on TSS, TA, and TSS/TA. In conclusion, the combined application of chitosan and thymol can provide a useful alternative for shelf life extension of pomegranate fruits.","PeriodicalId":15968,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticultural Science","volume":"198 1","pages":"67-80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89302774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.22059/IJHST.2020.309397.387
Tareque Aziz, M. Hassan, Fakhar Uddin Talukder, M. Rahman
The experiment was aimed to investigate the effect of different concentrations of chitosan on shelf life and quality of banana fruit. The single factor experiments were laid out in a completely randomized design with three replications. Experimental treatments included Control, 0.50%, 0.75%, 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0% chitosan. Sabri Banana cultivar is one of the most popular commercial cultivars of banana in Bangladesh. Chitosan treatment caused highly significant variation in respect of the physico-chemical parameters such as color changes, firmness, weight loss, disease severity and shelf life of banana during storage. Considering the effects of different concentrations of chitosan, 0.75% and 2.0% chitosan were found to be the best in respect of all the parameters investigated. Fruits treated with the above concentrations of chitosan, had the longest shelf life (9 days), whereas fruits under control had the shortest shelf life (8 days). The application of chitosan treatment in fresh crops is safe for consumers and for the environment. It can be used to improve postharvest quality and to extend shelf life of banana.
{"title":"Effects of Different Concentrations of Chitosan on Shelf Life and Quality of Banana Fruit","authors":"Tareque Aziz, M. Hassan, Fakhar Uddin Talukder, M. Rahman","doi":"10.22059/IJHST.2020.309397.387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22059/IJHST.2020.309397.387","url":null,"abstract":"The experiment was aimed to investigate the effect of different concentrations of chitosan on shelf life and quality of banana fruit. The single factor experiments were laid out in a completely randomized design with three replications. Experimental treatments included Control, 0.50%, 0.75%, 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0% chitosan. Sabri Banana cultivar is one of the most popular commercial cultivars of banana in Bangladesh. Chitosan treatment caused highly significant variation in respect of the physico-chemical parameters such as color changes, firmness, weight loss, disease severity and shelf life of banana during storage. Considering the effects of different concentrations of chitosan, 0.75% and 2.0% chitosan were found to be the best in respect of all the parameters investigated. Fruits treated with the above concentrations of chitosan, had the longest shelf life (9 days), whereas fruits under control had the shortest shelf life (8 days). The application of chitosan treatment in fresh crops is safe for consumers and for the environment. It can be used to improve postharvest quality and to extend shelf life of banana.","PeriodicalId":15968,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticultural Science","volume":"56 1","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76009285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-21DOI: 10.22059/IJHS.2019.276632.1606
فاطمه امینی, نگار تن سازی, حسین علی رامشینی, محمود لطفی, محسن ابراهیمی
به منظور تعیین نحوه توارث و تخمین پارامترهای ژنتیکی در صفات مهم میوه طالبی و همچنین گزینش بهترین گیاهان، نسلهای P1، P2، F1، F2، BC1 و BC2 حاصل از تلاقی دو والد گینسن× سمسوری تهیه و در شرایط مزرعه، در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار کشت شد. تجزیه میانگین نسلها با استفاده از مدل شش پارامتری نشان داد که در وراثت صفات تعداد میوه در بوته، شاخص رنگ سبز گوشت، شاخص شفافیت گوشت، عرض میوه، وزن میوه، ضخامت گوشت و قطر حفره بذری کلیه اثرات افزایشی، غالبیت واپیستازی مؤثر بود. مقدار بیشتر جزء افزایشی (a) در صفت طول میوه نشان داد که روشهای مبتنی بر گزینش برای اصلاح این صفات مناسب هستند. مقدار بیشتر جزء غالبیت (d) در صفات شاخص رنگ سبز گوشت، شاخص شفافیت گوشت، عرض میوه، شاخص شکل میوه، میزان قند، ضخامت گوشت و قطر حفره بذری نشان داد که روشهای تولید هیبرید برای اصلاح این صفات مناسب هستند. بیشترین وراثتپذیری خصوصی (78/0) در صفت شاخص شکل میوه مشاهده شد. نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد میتوان در جمعیتهای در حال تفرق گیاهان مطلوب را انتخاب کرده و با خودگشنی، در نسلهای آینده لاینهای مناسب تولید کرد که صفات مطلوب دو والد را دارا باشند. در نسلهای در حال تفرق بهترین گیاهان گزینش شد و به منظور ادامه برنامه اصلاحی بذر آن ها جمعآوری شد.
{"title":"تجزیه میانگین نسلها جهت برآورد عمل ژنها و وراثتپذیری صفات مرتبط با میوه طالبی (Cucumis melo L.)","authors":"فاطمه امینی, نگار تن سازی, حسین علی رامشینی, محمود لطفی, محسن ابراهیمی","doi":"10.22059/IJHS.2019.276632.1606","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22059/IJHS.2019.276632.1606","url":null,"abstract":"به منظور تعیین نحوه توارث و تخمین پارامترهای ژنتیکی در صفات مهم میوه طالبی و همچنین گزینش بهترین گیاهان، نسلهای P1، P2، F1، F2، BC1 و BC2 حاصل از تلاقی دو والد گینسن× سمسوری تهیه و در شرایط مزرعه، در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار کشت شد. تجزیه میانگین نسلها با استفاده از مدل شش پارامتری نشان داد که در وراثت صفات تعداد میوه در بوته، شاخص رنگ سبز گوشت، شاخص شفافیت گوشت، عرض میوه، وزن میوه، ضخامت گوشت و قطر حفره بذری کلیه اثرات افزایشی، غالبیت واپیستازی مؤثر بود. مقدار بیشتر جزء افزایشی (a) در صفت طول میوه نشان داد که روشهای مبتنی بر گزینش برای اصلاح این صفات مناسب هستند. مقدار بیشتر جزء غالبیت (d) در صفات شاخص رنگ سبز گوشت، شاخص شفافیت گوشت، عرض میوه، شاخص شکل میوه، میزان قند، ضخامت گوشت و قطر حفره بذری نشان داد که روشهای تولید هیبرید برای اصلاح این صفات مناسب هستند. بیشترین وراثتپذیری خصوصی (78/0) در صفت شاخص شکل میوه مشاهده شد. نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد میتوان در جمعیتهای در حال تفرق گیاهان مطلوب را انتخاب کرده و با خودگشنی، در نسلهای آینده لاینهای مناسب تولید کرد که صفات مطلوب دو والد را دارا باشند. در نسلهای در حال تفرق بهترین گیاهان گزینش شد و به منظور ادامه برنامه اصلاحی بذر آن ها جمعآوری شد.","PeriodicalId":15968,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticultural Science","volume":"33 1","pages":"645-655"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82478681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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