Journal of Infection and Public Health最新文献

{"title":"Effectiveness of bedaquiline containing all oral longer regimens in treating multidrug/rifampicin resistant tuberculosis in Pakistan","authors":"Asad Khan ,&nbsp;Amer Hayat Khan ,&nbsp;Nafees Ahmad ,&nbsp;Abdul Ghafoor","doi":"10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102522","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102522","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Despite the introduction of bedaquiline (Bdq) containing all-oral regimens for treating patients with rifampicin resistant/multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR/RR-TB) in 2019, data on its effectiveness in Pakistan, which has the fifth highest MDR-TB burden, is lacking. This study evaluates treatment outcomes and identifies factors associated with unsuccessful outcomes among MDR/RR-TB patients treated with an all-oral longer treatment regimen (LTR).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This retrospective record review included all microbiologically confirmed pulmonary MDR/RR-TB patients treated with an all-oral LTR between August 2019 and February 2021 across nine PMDT centres in Pakistan. Sociodemographic and clinical data were retrieved from the Electronic Nominal Recording and Reporting System. Treatment outcomes, defined by WHO criteria, were analysed using SPSS and multivariate binary logistic regression to identify factors associated with unsuccessful outcomes. A p-value &lt; 0.05 was considered statistically significant.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The final analysis included 644 MDR/RR-TB patients (mean age 37.9 ± 17.6 years), mostly male (53.0 %), underweight (68.0 %), with TB treatment history (66.1 %), MDR-TB (84.9 %), lung cavitation (71.0 %), and no comorbidities (86.4 %). Fluoroquinolone resistance was found in 41.9 %, 16 % had used second-line drugs, and 9.8 % had previous MDR-TB treatment. A total of 400 (62.1 %) patients were declared cured, 53 (8.2 %) treatment completed, 117 (18.2 %) died, 37 (5.7 %) lost to follow-up (LTFU), and 37 (5.7 %) treatment failures. Overall treatment success rate was 70.3 % (n = 453). In multivariate analysis, history of TB treatment (OR:1.63, 95 %CI:1.09–2.64, p = 0.023), previous <em>SLD</em> use (OR:2.09, 95 %CI: 1.20–3.37, p = 0.012), resistance to Z (OR:0.43, 95 %CI: 0.20–0.81, p = 0.023), and resistance to &gt; 5 drugs (OR:3.12, 95 %CI:1.36–11.64, p = 0.013) were significantly associated with death and treatment failure. Whereas, lung cavitation had statistically significant association with LTFU (OR:2.66, 95 %CI:1.10–7.32, p = 0.045).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Treatment success rate (70.3 %) in this study fell below the WHO recommended target success rate (&gt;90 %). Enhanced clinical management, coupled with special attention to patients exhibiting identified risk factors could improve treatment outcomes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Public Health","volume":"17 9","pages":"Article 102522"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876034124002569/pdfft?md5=4988324bdb366b8d3c177e82b3b2054e&pid=1-s2.0-S1876034124002569-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142036034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of medically attended influenza infection across age groups before the COVID-19 pandemic in Lebanon","authors":"Amani Haddara ,&nbsp;Zeina Houry ,&nbsp;Nada Zahreddine ,&nbsp;Mark Atallah ,&nbsp;Celina F. Boutros ,&nbsp;Joseph Tannous ,&nbsp;Christian Sadaka ,&nbsp;Sarah Wehbe ,&nbsp;Tamara Kadi ,&nbsp;Ahmad Ibrahim ,&nbsp;Rihab Ahmadieh ,&nbsp;Tala Kardas ,&nbsp;Nadia Soudani ,&nbsp;Habib Al Kalamouni ,&nbsp;Youssef Zgheib ,&nbsp;Noha El Yaman ,&nbsp;Sarah Khafaja ,&nbsp;Mireille Lteif ,&nbsp;Rouba Shaker ,&nbsp;Aia Assaf Casals ,&nbsp;Ghassan S. Dbaibo","doi":"10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102521","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102521","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Influenza represents a significant global health burden for individuals and society. This study assessed the burden of medically attended influenza at a tertiary medical center in Lebanon to describe the demographics, risk factors, and outcomes prior to the COVID-19 pandemic.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This was a retrospective review of patients who tested positive for the influenza virus during three seasons between July 1, 2016 to June 30, 2019, at the American University of Beirut Medical Center.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 2049 patients who tested positive for influenza were analyzed. Influenza A accounted for 79.6 % of cases, and influenza B for 19.7 %, with influenza activity starting in October/November and peaking in December/January. Older age above 65 years (AOR=3.584), obesity (AOR=2.183), and chronic conditions such as chronic lung diseases (AOR=1.832), and bacterial co-infection (AOR= 2.834) were found to be independent risk factors for developing complications. Viral co-infection increased the likelihood of death tenfold. Vaccinated patients had a shorter mean hospital stay duration and a lower intensive care unit admission rate.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The burden of medically attended influenza at our tertiary medical center in Lebanon prior to the COVID-19 pandemic was high. Vaccination decreased the likelihood of complications leading to intensive care unit admission in patients at risk.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Public Health","volume":"17 9","pages":"Article 102521"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876034124002557/pdfft?md5=1128bf95508ea2be9d38499f8dd50a1a&pid=1-s2.0-S1876034124002557-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142036033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post-Omicron SARS-CoV-2 serostatus in Sierra Leone: A cross-sectional study in a maternity hospital setting in Freetown, November/December 2022","authors":"Sebastian Ruf ,&nbsp;Doris Harding ,&nbsp;Samuel Sorie ,&nbsp;Foday Musa Janneh ,&nbsp;Stefanie Theuring","doi":"10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102518","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102518","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Spread of SARS-CoV-2 in Sub-Saharan African countries has been poorly investigated, especially in the later pandemic stages. We aimed to assess the post-Omicron situation in Sierra Leone in November/December 2022 considering SARS-CoV-2 serostatus, vaccinations, and behavioral factors.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>In a cross-sectional study conducted in a maternity hospital in Freetown, Sierra Leone, both patients and staff provided dried blood spot samples for analysis of anti-S and anti-N IgG prevalence using Anti-SARS-CoV-2-ELISA. Additionally, we collected sociodemographic and infection-related information through questionnaires. Outcome parameters included seropositivity, infection-related seroprevalence, and self-reported vaccination status. We used logistic regression to identify associations with prior infection and with vaccination status.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Out of 791 participants (389 patients, 402 staff), 670 (84.7 %) displayed a positive SARS-CoV-2 serostatus resulting from either infection or vaccination. Among a sub-sample of 514 participants within which determination of prior natural infection was possible, 441individuals (85.8 %) were affected. Prior infection was associated with female sex and tertiary education level. Overall, 60.3 % reported having been vaccinated. Staff as opposed to patients, and individuals with higher socioeconomic status were more likely to report vaccination. Individuals who assessed their risk of COVID-19 as either higher or lower compared to a medium-level risk were more likely to have contracted the virus and less likely to have received vaccination.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Our findings suggest that since the Omicron wave in 2022, the Sierra Leonean population has almost universally been exposed to SARS-CoV-2. While this is encouraging in the light of relatively low excess mortality in the country, future investigations on the long-term effect of high viral exposure on epidemic resilience and public health impact will be crucial.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Public Health","volume":"17 9","pages":"Article 102518"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876034124002521/pdfft?md5=54ea93b557783332ad622a81dc770b0e&pid=1-s2.0-S1876034124002521-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141978612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Survival rate and its predictors in HIV patients: A 15-year follow-up of 3030 patients","authors":"Zahra Naghibifar ,&nbsp;Alireza Janbakhsh ,&nbsp;Mansour Sajadipour ,&nbsp;Maryam Emadzadeh ,&nbsp;Armin Naghipour ,&nbsp;Amirhossein Sahebkar","doi":"10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102520","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102520","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The high prevalence of HIV infection and the deaths caused by it is one of the challenges for the healthcare systems throughout the world. In this study, we analyzed the survival of people living with HIV and co-infections, and related factors.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This retrospective cohort study was performed on 3030 people living with HIV admitted to Imam Khomeini Behavioral Disease Counseling Center, Tehran, Iran, during 2004–2018. Required data were obtained from the individuals’ files. Kaplan Meier diagrams and Log-rank tests were used to assess the relationship between different factors and survival. In addition, Cox regression analysis was performed to determine the effective factors in HIV mortality. Data were analyzed using STATA software, version 14.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The mean age of studied population was 43.2 ± 9.5 [years] and 77.3 % were male. Among the subjects, 3.2 % were infected with hepatitis B, 31.5 % with hepatitis C, and 13.9 % with Tuberculosis (TB). One, five, ten, and fifteen-year survival rates were 97.0 %, 93.0 %, 86.0 %, and 54.0 %, respectively. The mean survival time was 154.2 ± 0.9 months. Age more than 35, history of imprisonment, Unsafe sexual behavior, TB, and hepatitis C are independently associated with death in people living with HIV (p &lt; 0.05).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The survival of people living with HIV in the present study was in the favorable range compared to previous studies. However, co-infection with hepatitis C was associated with reduced survival of the subjects in this study. Therefore, it is suggested to detect and then prevent and control HCV co-infection to increase the survival of subjects.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Public Health","volume":"17 9","pages":"Article 102520"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876034124002545/pdfft?md5=b0518fb85d050624ea0aee4e10ff9619&pid=1-s2.0-S1876034124002545-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141985538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of education on knowledge, attitudes, and practices for gestational toxoplasmosis","authors":"Stefany Velasco-Velásquez ,&nbsp;Ana Sofía Orozco ,&nbsp;Morgan Ramirez ,&nbsp;Liliana Pachón ,&nbsp;Maryi Juliana Hurtado-Gomez ,&nbsp;Gloria Valois ,&nbsp;Daniel Celis-Giraldo ,&nbsp;Sara Sofia Cordero-López ,&nbsp;Rima McLeod ,&nbsp;Jorge Enrique Gómez-Marín","doi":"10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102516","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102516","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Toxoplasmosis is potentially avoidable, treatable, and curable by simple and direct preventive measures. Knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) assessments concerning gestational toxoplasmosis were evaluated in a cohort of pregnant women from Armenia-Quindío (Colombia, South America).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This cross-sectional descriptive KAP-type study was performed with informed consent between October 2021 and March 2022. The intervention involved a ten-minute talk administered by prenatal clinic nurses to pregnant women. This took place in the public health clinic RedSalud and the private clinic Happy Maternity with a post-KAP survey after pregnancy.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The findings of the initial KAP survey revealed that approximately 42.8 % of the 250 mothers surveyed had IgG anti-<em>T. gondii</em> antibodies present. A strong correlation was observed between a lower frequency of antibodies and a higher level of education. Following an educational intervention, 73 seronegative women demonstrated a significant improvement in their knowledge and behavior. Among the 111 mothers who received the intervention, 42 (37 %) were followed until delivery. Unfortunately, their level of compliance with prenatal serological follow-up was lower compared to previous historical records of cohort of mothers in the same health center during pre-pandemic periods. No seroconversion occurred, although the small number of cases makes the outcome inconclusive with respect to statistical significance.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Education plays a crucial role in imparting valuable knowledge and fostering effective practices. It holds significant potential to prevent toxoplasmosis in pregnant seronegative mothers. Prenatal check-ups have proven to be a critical determinant in leveraging the benefits of education for seronegative mothers. Reporting and observed behaviors differed, identifying areas for improvement.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Public Health","volume":"17 9","pages":"Article 102516"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876034124002508/pdfft?md5=02eb413cd11a54d47ab1472a96a67518&pid=1-s2.0-S1876034124002508-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141997488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The emergence of Oropouche virus in Cuba – A wake-up call for global health","authors":"Jaffar A. Al-Tawfiq,&nbsp;Alfonso J. Rodriguez-Morales,&nbsp;Sameera Al Johani","doi":"10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102513","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102513","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Public Health","volume":"17 9","pages":"Article 102513"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876034124002478/pdfft?md5=14440f5d69c38129d3f3f407af9f4c12&pid=1-s2.0-S1876034124002478-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141978614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of an influenza-like illness sentinel surveillance system in South Korea, 2017-2023","authors":"Bryan Inho Kim ,&nbsp;Seonghui Cho ,&nbsp;Chiara Achangwa ,&nbsp;Yumi Kim ,&nbsp;Benjamin J. Cowling ,&nbsp;Sukhyun Ryu","doi":"10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102515","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102515","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Guided by the data from the surveillance system, public health efforts have contributed to reducing the burden of influenza in many countries. During the COVID-19 pandemic, many surveillance resources were directed at tracking the severe acute respiratory syndrome-Coronavirus 2. However, most countries have not reported surveillance evaluations during the COVID-19 pandemic.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Using the U.S. CDC surveillance evaluation method, we evaluated the influenza-like illness (ILI) sentinel surveillance performance in South Korea between January 2017 and September 2023. For the timeliness, we measured the mean time lag between the reports from the sentinel sites to the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency (KDCA) and surveillance result dissemination from KDCA. For the completeness, we measured the submission rate of complete reports per overall number of reports from each sentinel site to the KDCA. For the sensitivity, we calculated the correlation coefficient between the monthly number of ILI reports and the patients with ILI from the Korea national reimbursement data by either Pearson’s or Spearman’s test. For the representativeness, we compared the age-specific distribution of ILI between the surveillance data and the national reimbursement data using a chi-squared test.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>We found that the surveillance performance of timeliness (less than 2 weeks) and completeness (97 %−98 %) was stable during the study period. However, we found a reduced surveillance sensitivity (correlation coefficient: 0.73 in 2020, and 0.84 in 2021) compared to that of 2017–2019 (0.96–0.99), and it recovered in 2022–2023 (0.93–0.97). We found no statistical difference across the proportion of age groups between the surveillance and reimbursement data during the study period (all <em>P-values</em> &gt; 0.05).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Ongoing surveillance performance monitoring is necessary to maintain efficient policy decision-making for the control of the influenza epidemic. Additional research is needed to assess the overall influenza surveillance system including laboratory and hospital-based surveillance in the country.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Public Health","volume":"17 9","pages":"Article 102515"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876034124002491/pdfft?md5=7c5e9022532e4ccfd05b94399447d5c0&pid=1-s2.0-S1876034124002491-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142036035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Present outlooks on the prevalence of minimal and subclinical tuberculosis and current diagnostic tests: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Shima Mahmoudi ,&nbsp;Mehrsa Hamidi ,&nbsp;Paul K. Drain","doi":"10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102517","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102517","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Tuberculosis (TB) is a major global health issue, particularly in its minimal and subclinical forms, which often go undetected and contribute to transmission. Accurate prevalence assessment of these forms and the effectiveness of diagnostic tests are crucial for improving TB control, especially in high-risk populations such as those with HIV.</p></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>This study aimed to determine the prevalence of minimal and subclinical TB and evaluate the positivity rates of current diagnostic tests. Methods: We conducted a meta-analysis of studies published from January 2000 to December 2022. Prevalence rates and diagnostic test results, including sputum culture, smear microscopy, TST/IGRA, and chest X-ray, were analyzed, with pooled prevalence calculated and comparisons made between geographic regions.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Minimal TB prevalence ranged from 0.9 % to 22.9 % in the general population, while subclinical TB prevalence was 0.05 % to 0.64 %, and 1.57 % to 14.63 % among individuals with HIV. The overall pooled prevalence of minimal TB was 7 % (95 % CI: 5–9 %), with higher rates in Asia (8 %, 95 % CI: 5–12 %) compared to Africa (6 %, 95 % CI: 4–8 %). Subclinical TB had a pooled prevalence of 0.2 % (95 % CI: 0.2–0.3 %) overall and 52 % (95 % CI: 46–58 %) among TB cases, with higher rates in Asia (60 %) compared to Africa (44 %). Diagnostic test positivity was 77 % (sputum culture), 15 % (smear microscopy), 64 % (TST/IGRA), and 53 % (chest X-ray).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This study reveals significant variability in the prevalence of minimal and subclinical TB. The findings highlight the need for improved diagnostic methods to reduce undetected cases, especially in high-risk populations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Public Health","volume":"17 9","pages":"Article 102517"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S187603412400251X/pdfft?md5=6893b5a7c57dabeed3a9bcdcd1d49d14&pid=1-s2.0-S187603412400251X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141912930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sotrovimab lost neutralization efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 subvariants but remained clinically effective: Were monoclonal antibodies against COVID-19 rejected too early?","authors":"Line Lundegaard Bang,&nbsp;Lone Wulff Madsen,&nbsp;Rune Micha Pedersen,&nbsp;Anna Christine Nilsson,&nbsp;Isik Somuncu Johansen,&nbsp;Thomas Emil Andersen","doi":"10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102512","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102512","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Public Health","volume":"17 9","pages":"Article 102512"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876034124002466/pdfft?md5=14e2ca612233b0dbf71fb398383b26de&pid=1-s2.0-S1876034124002466-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141975859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced event-based surveillance: Epidemic Intelligence from Open Sources (EIOS) during FIFA World Cup 2022 Qatar","authors":"Mohamed Sallam ,&nbsp;Raihana Jabbar ,&nbsp;Lylu K. Mahadoon ,&nbsp;Tasneem J. Elshareif ,&nbsp;Mariam Darweesh ,&nbsp;Hanaa S. Ahmed ,&nbsp;Douaa O.A. Mohamed ,&nbsp;Aura Corpuz ,&nbsp;Mahmoud Sadek ,&nbsp;Muzhgan Habibi ,&nbsp;Farida Abougazia ,&nbsp;Rula Shami ,&nbsp;Montaha Mahmoud ,&nbsp;Sara Heikal ,&nbsp;Sarah Aqel ,&nbsp;Sayed Himatt ,&nbsp;Maha Al-Shamali ,&nbsp;Hamad Al-Romaihi","doi":"10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102514","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102514","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Public health threats can significantly impact mass gatherings and enhancing surveillance systems would thus be crucial. Epidemic Intelligence from Open Sources (EIOS) was introduced to Qatar to complement the existing surveillance measures in preparation to the FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022 (FWC22). This study estimated the empirical probability of EIOS detecting signals of public health relevance. It also looked at the factors responsible for discerning a moderate-high risk signal during a mass gathering event.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This cross-sectional descriptive study used data collected between November 8th and December 25th, 2022, through an EIOS dashboard that filtered open-source articles using specific keywords. Triage criteria and scoring scheme were developed to capture signals and these were maintained in MS Excel. EIOS’ contribution to epidemic intelligence was assessed by the empirical probability estimation of relevant public health signals. Chi-squared tests of independence were performed to check for associations between various hazard categories and other independent variables. A multivariate logistic regression evaluated the predictors of moderate-high risk signals that required prompt action.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The probability of EIOS capturing a signal relevant to public health was estimated at 0.85 % (95 % confidence interval (CI) [0.82 %−0.88 %]) with three signals requiring a national response. The hazard category of the signal had significant association to the region of occurrence (χ² (5, N = 2543) = 1021.6, <em>p</em> &lt; .001). The hazard category also showed significant association to its detection during matchdays of the tournament (χ² (5, N = 2543) = 11.2, <em>p</em> &lt; .05). The triage criteria developed was able to discern between low and moderate-high risk signals with an acceptable discrimination (Area Under the Curve=0.79).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>EIOS proved useful in the early warning of public health threats.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":16087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Public Health","volume":"17 9","pages":"Article 102514"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S187603412400248X/pdfft?md5=1a4e943d3f36de683a065d02e876c5de&pid=1-s2.0-S187603412400248X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141978613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}