Journal of Infection and Public Health最新文献_第6页

Acknowledgement to Reviewers

IF 4.7 3区医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Journal of Infection and Public Health

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/S1876-0341(24)00376-9

引用次数: 0

Risk factors and molecular epidemiology of colonizing carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales in pediatric inpatient in Shenzhen, China 深圳市儿科住院患者碳青霉烯耐药肠杆菌定植的危险因素及分子流行病学研究

IF 4.7 3区医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Journal of Infection and Public Health

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102614

Hongmei Yang , Zhile Xiong , Ke Cao , Yunxing He , Songhong Song , Fangjun Lan , Kaiyue Yang , Xiaochun Liu , Chaohui Duan , Zhenwen Zhou

Objectives

The spread of CRE has been rapid on a global scale and represents a significant challenge in nosocomial infections worldwide. The aim is to evaluate the risk factors for CRE colonization and to describe the molecular and clinical characteristics of CRE colonization in pediatric inpatients in Shenzhen, China.

Methods

We collected stool specimens from 2474 randomly selected pediatric inpatient hospitalized in 2 pediatric hospitals in Shenzhen between January 2023 and December 2023 for subsequent microbiological analysis, including microbial culture, species identification, antimicrobial sensitivity testing, genetic characterization and multilocus sequence typing (MLST). In addition, we conducted a case-control study to identify potential risk factors for gastrointestinal CRE colonization.

Results

Of the 2474 non-replicating pediatric stool specimens collected, 3.6 % (n = 90) test positive for CRE. The most dominant CRE species were Escherichia coli (n = 67, 74.5 %), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 17, 19.0 %). Multidrug resistance and carbapenemase production were observed in most CRE isolates. In CR E. coli and CR K. pneumoniae, the bla_NDM was the predominant resistance gene, accounting for 95.5 % and 76.5 %, respectively. MLST showed considerable clonal diversity among the CR E. coli and CR K. pneumoniae isolates and the most common ST in CR E. coli was ST48 (n = 6, 9.0 %) and ST35 in CR K. pneumoniae (n = 4, 23.5 %).

Conclusions

This study once again shows that pediatric inpatients in South China were colonized by a diversity of CRE strains, increasing the likelihood of difficult-to-treat infections. Hospitals and competent authorities should take appropriate public health measures, to prevent the further spread of CRE.

目的：CRE在全球范围内迅速传播，对全球医院感染构成重大挑战。目的是评估CRE定植的危险因素，并描述中国深圳儿科住院患者CRE定植的分子和临床特征。方法：随机抽取2023年1月至2023年12月在深圳市2家儿科医院住院的2474例患儿粪便标本进行微生物学分析，包括微生物培养、菌种鉴定、抗菌药物敏感性试验、基因鉴定和多位点序列分型（MLST）。此外，我们进行了一项病例对照研究，以确定胃肠道CRE定植的潜在危险因素。结果：在收集的2474份非重复性儿童粪便标本中，3.6% （n = 90）的CRE检测呈阳性。CRE的优势菌种为大肠埃希菌（67株，74.5%）和肺炎克雷伯菌（17株，19.0%）。在大多数CRE分离株中观察到多药耐药和碳青霉烯酶的产生。在大肠杆菌和肺炎克雷伯菌中，blaNDM为主要耐药基因，分别占95.5%和76.5%。大肠杆菌和肺炎克雷伯菌分离株的MLST表现出相当大的克隆多样性，其中大肠杆菌中最常见的ST为ST48 （n = 6, 9.0%）和肺炎克雷伯菌中最常见的ST为ST35 （n = 4, 23.5%）。结论：本研究再次表明，中国南方儿科住院患者被多种CRE菌株定植，增加了难治性感染的可能性。医院和主管部门应采取适当的公共卫生措施，防止CRE的进一步传播。

{"title":"Risk factors and molecular epidemiology of colonizing carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales in pediatric inpatient in Shenzhen, China","authors":"Hongmei Yang , Zhile Xiong , Ke Cao , Yunxing He , Songhong Song , Fangjun Lan , Kaiyue Yang , Xiaochun Liu , Chaohui Duan , Zhenwen Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102614","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102614","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The spread of CRE has been rapid on a global scale and represents a significant challenge in nosocomial infections worldwide. The aim is to evaluate the risk factors for CRE colonization and to describe the molecular and clinical characteristics of CRE colonization in pediatric inpatients in Shenzhen, China.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We collected stool specimens from 2474 randomly selected pediatric inpatient hospitalized in 2 pediatric hospitals in Shenzhen between January 2023 and December 2023 for subsequent microbiological analysis, including microbial culture, species identification, antimicrobial sensitivity testing, genetic characterization and multilocus sequence typing (MLST). In addition, we conducted a case-control study to identify potential risk factors for gastrointestinal CRE colonization.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of the 2474 non-replicating pediatric stool specimens collected, 3.6 % (n = 90) test positive for CRE. The most dominant CRE species were <em>Escherichia coli</em> (n = 67, 74.5 %), and <em>Klebsiella pneumoniae</em> (n = 17, 19.0 %). Multidrug resistance and carbapenemase production were observed in most CRE isolates. In CR <em>E. coli</em> and CR <em>K. pneumoniae</em>, the <em>bla</em><sub>NDM</sub> was the predominant resistance gene, accounting for 95.5 % and 76.5 %, respectively. MLST showed considerable clonal diversity among the CR <em>E. coli</em> and CR <em>K. pneumoniae</em> isolates and the most common ST in CR <em>E. coli</em> was ST48 (n = 6, 9.0 %) and ST35 in CR <em>K. pneumoniae</em> (n = 4, 23.5 %).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study once again shows that pediatric inpatients in South China were colonized by a diversity of CRE strains, increasing the likelihood of difficult-to-treat infections. Hospitals and competent authorities should take appropriate public health measures, to prevent the further spread of CRE.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Public Health","volume":"18 1","pages":"Article 102614"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142791995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Epidemiological characteristics of invasive Aspergillus isolates: Morphology, drug susceptibility, and mutations in azole drug targets 侵袭性分离曲霉的流行病学特征：形态、药物敏感性和唑类药物靶点突变。

IF 4.7 3区医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Journal of Infection and Public Health

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102612

Wei Zhang , Hongxia Zhang , Minghua Zhan , Ran Jing , Xinsheng Wang , Zhihua Zhang

Background

The global epidemiology of aspergillosis varies and is influenced by various factors. To elucidate the disease burden and identify effective control strategies, the epidemiological characteristics of Aspergillus infections have to be investigated. The aim of this study was to assess the epidemiological characteristics of various Aspergillus species, including their morphological features, species identification, and in vitro susceptibility to nine antifungal agents in a large tertiary hospital in northern China.

Methods

Ninety-five clinical isolates of Aspergillus were collected from patients. Aspergillus species identification was performed using conventional morphological methods, MALDI-TOF MS, and gene sequencing. In vitro susceptibility to nine antifungal agents was evaluated using the Sensititre YeastOne system. Target genes (cyp51A and cyp51b) of A. tubinazole were sequenced using the Sanger method.

Results

Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus tubingensis, and Aspergillus terreus were the most common isolated species. Rare species included Aspergillus tamarii, Aspergillus usamil, Aspergillus versicolor, Aspergillus udagawae, Aspergillus lentulus, Aspergillus sydowii, and Aspergillus quadrilineatus. Pulmonary infections accounted for 86.3 % (82/95) of collected cases, and the in-hospital mortality rate was 22.1 %. The median minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) range of amphotericin B was 1.5–4 mg/L. The MIC range of triazoles against Aspergillus species, excluding Aspergillus udagawae and Aspergillus lentulus, was 0.12–0.5 mg/L. The median minimum effective concentration range of echinocandins was < 0.008–0.03 mg/L. Non-wild-type resistance to amphotericin B was observed in 29.6 % (16/54) of Aspergillus fumigatus isolates, and non-wild-type resistance to voriconazole was observed in 11.1 % (1/9) of Aspergillus tubingensis isolates. Moreover, CYP51A and CYP51b of Aspergillus tabinensis had 2–29 and 10–13 nucleotide mutations, respectively.

Conclusion

Patients with non- Aspergillus fumigatus infection accounted for 43.2 %. The T256A amino acid substitution in CYP51A of Aspergillus tabinensis did not lead to increased azole drug MICs.

背景：全球曲霉病流行病学各不相同，受多种因素影响。为明确疾病负担和确定有效的控制策略，有必要对曲霉感染的流行病学特征进行调查。本研究旨在了解中国北方某大型三级医院不同曲霉种类的流行病学特征，包括形态特征、种类鉴定和对9种抗真菌药物的体外敏感性。方法：收集临床分离的95株曲霉。采用传统形态学方法、MALDI-TOF质谱和基因测序进行曲霉种类鉴定。使用Sensititre YeastOne系统评估对9种抗真菌药物的体外敏感性。采用Sanger法对A. tubinazole靶基因cyp51A和cyp51b进行测序。结果：烟曲霉、黑曲霉、黄曲霉、塔冰曲霉、土曲霉是最常见的分离种。稀有种有柽柳曲霉、usamil曲霉、花色曲霉、udagawae曲霉、香菇曲霉、西多曲霉、四线曲霉等。肺部感染占收集病例的86.3%(82/95)，住院死亡率为22.1%。两性霉素B的中位最小抑制浓度（MIC）范围为1.5 ~ 4 mg/L。三唑对不同种类曲霉（不包括乌达曲霉和香菇曲霉）的MIC范围为0.12 ~ 0.5 mg/L。结论：非烟曲霉感染患者占43.2%。塔宾曲霉CYP51A中T256A氨基酸的替换并未导致唑类药物mic升高。

{"title":"Epidemiological characteristics of invasive Aspergillus isolates: Morphology, drug susceptibility, and mutations in azole drug targets","authors":"Wei Zhang , Hongxia Zhang , Minghua Zhan , Ran Jing , Xinsheng Wang , Zhihua Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102612","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102612","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The global epidemiology of aspergillosis varies and is influenced by various factors. To elucidate the disease burden and identify effective control strategies, the epidemiological characteristics of <em>Aspergillus</em> infections have to be investigated. The aim of this study was to assess the epidemiological characteristics of various <em>Aspergillus species</em>, including their morphological features, species identification, and in vitro susceptibility to nine antifungal agents in a large tertiary hospital in northern China.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Ninety-five clinical isolates of <em>Aspergillus</em> were collected from patients. <em>Aspergillus species</em> identification was performed using conventional morphological methods, MALDI-TOF MS, and gene sequencing. <em>In vitro</em> susceptibility to nine antifungal agents was evaluated using the Sensititre YeastOne system. Target genes (<em>cyp51A</em> and <em>cyp51b</em>) of <em>A. tubinazole</em> were sequenced using the Sanger method.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div><em>Aspergillus fumigatus</em>, <em>Aspergillus niger</em>, <em>Aspergillus flavus</em>, <em>Aspergillus tubingensis</em>, and <em>Aspergillus terreus</em> were the most common isolated species. Rare species included <em>Aspergillus tamarii</em>, <em>Aspergillus usamil</em>, <em>Aspergillus versicolor</em>, <em>Aspergillus udagawae</em>, <em>Aspergillus lentulus</em>, <em>Aspergillus sydowii</em>, and <em>Aspergillus quadrilineatus</em>. Pulmonary infections accounted for 86.3 % (82/95) of collected cases, and the in-hospital mortality rate was 22.1 %. The median minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) range of amphotericin B was 1.5–4 mg/L. The MIC range of triazoles against <em>Aspergillus species</em>, excluding <em>Aspergillus udagawae</em> and <em>Aspergillus lentulus,</em> was 0.12–0.5 mg/L. The median minimum effective concentration range of echinocandins was < 0.008–0.03 mg/L. Non-wild-type resistance to amphotericin B was observed in 29.6 % (16/54) of <em>Aspergillus fumigatus</em> isolates, and non-wild-type resistance to voriconazole was observed in 11.1 % (1/9) of <em>Aspergillus tubingensis</em> isolates. Moreover, <em>CYP51A</em> and <em>CYP51b</em> of <em>Aspergillus tabinensis</em> had 2–29 and 10–13 nucleotide mutations, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Patients with non- <em>Aspergillus fumigatus</em> infection accounted for 43.2 %. The T256A amino acid substitution in <em>CYP51A</em> of <em>Aspergillus tabinensis</em> did not lead to increased azole drug MICs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Public Health","volume":"18 1","pages":"Article 102612"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142785920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Shifts in seasonal influenza patterns in Australia during and after COVID-19: A comprehensive analysis 2019冠状病毒病期间和之后澳大利亚季节性流感模式的变化：一项综合分析

IF 4.7 3区医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Journal of Infection and Public Health

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102620

Cynthia Lu , Ian G. Barr , Stephen Lambert , Kerrie Mengersen , Liping Wang , Weizhong Yang , Zhongjie Li , Sotiris Vardoulakis , Hilary Bambrick , Wenbiao Hu

Background

During the COVID-19 pandemic, seasonal influenza virus circulation was heavily suppressed worldwide. In Australia, since the virus re-emerged in 2022, shifts in seasonal influenza patterns have been observed. Both the 2022 and 2023 seasons started earlier than pre-pandemic norms and were categorised as moderate to severe, highlighting the renewed importance of prevention strategies for seasonal influenza.

Methods

We analysed influenza notification data from the Australian National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System (2012–2022) and virological surveillance data from the FluNet database (2012–2023). Using generalised additive models, we compared predicted weekly influenza case counts during 2020–2022 with observed counts. Epidemic weeks were detected using a negative binomial threshold, and epidemic onset was estimated with a Bayesian Poisson count detection algorithm. Trends in epidemic magnitude and onset timing across influenza virus types and subtypes were compared for pre-, during, and post-COVID-19 periods.

Results

Seasonal influenza activity was nearly absent in 2020 and 2021 but rebounded significantly in 2022 and 2023. Epidemic detection confirmed suppressed seasonal influenza circulation during the pandemic. While influenza A subtypes returned to pre-pandemic onset timings in 2022, influenza B exhibited a significantly delayed onset. The 2022 and 2023 seasons were moderate to severe, with earlier-than-average season starts, underscoring the ongoing changes in influenza dynamics post-pandemic.

Conclusions

This study provided a detailed analysis of the disruptions and subsequent shifts in seasonal influenza patterns in Australia during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. The rapid resurgence of influenza activity in 2022 and 2023, combined with altered onset timings, highlights the importance of ongoing surveillance and adaptive forecasting models to address the evolving complexity of influenza epidemiology in the post-pandemic era.

背景：在2019冠状病毒病大流行期间，全球范围内的季节性流感病毒传播受到了严重抑制。在澳大利亚，自该病毒于2022年再次出现以来，已观察到季节性流感模式的变化。2022年和2023年流感季的开始时间都早于大流行前的标准，并被归类为中度至重度，这突显了季节性流感预防战略的重要性。方法：我们分析了来自澳大利亚国家法定传染病监测系统（2012-2022）的流感通报数据和来自FluNet数据库（2012-2023）的病毒学监测数据。使用广义加性模型，我们比较了2020-2022年期间预测的每周流感病例数与观察到的病例数。采用负二项阈值检测流行周，使用贝叶斯泊松计数检测算法估计流行发作。比较了不同流感病毒类型和亚型的流行程度和发病时间在covid -19之前、期间和之后的趋势。结果：季节性流感活动在2020年和2021年几乎没有，但在2022年和2023年明显反弹。疫情检测证实在大流行期间抑制了季节性流感传播。甲型流感亚型在2022年回到大流行前的发病时间，而乙型流感的发病时间明显推迟。2022年和2023年流感季为中度至重度，流感季开始时间早于平均水平，突显了大流行后流感动态的持续变化。结论：本研究详细分析了2019冠状病毒病大流行期间和之后澳大利亚季节性流感模式的中断和随后的变化。2022年和2023年流感活动的迅速复苏，加上发病时间的改变，凸显了持续监测和适应性预测模型的重要性，以应对大流行后时代流感流行病学不断演变的复杂性。

{"title":"Shifts in seasonal influenza patterns in Australia during and after COVID-19: A comprehensive analysis","authors":"Cynthia Lu , Ian G. Barr , Stephen Lambert , Kerrie Mengersen , Liping Wang , Weizhong Yang , Zhongjie Li , Sotiris Vardoulakis , Hilary Bambrick , Wenbiao Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102620","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102620","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>During the COVID-19 pandemic, seasonal influenza virus circulation was heavily suppressed worldwide. In Australia, since the virus re-emerged in 2022, shifts in seasonal influenza patterns have been observed. Both the 2022 and 2023 seasons started earlier than pre-pandemic norms and were categorised as moderate to severe, highlighting the renewed importance of prevention strategies for seasonal influenza.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We analysed influenza notification data from the Australian National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System (<u>2012–2022</u>) and virological surveillance data from the FluNet database (<u>2012–2023</u>). Using generalised additive models, we compared predicted weekly influenza case counts during 2020–2022 with observed counts. Epidemic weeks were detected using a negative binomial threshold, and epidemic onset was estimated with a Bayesian Poisson count detection algorithm. Trends in epidemic magnitude and onset timing across influenza virus types and subtypes were compared for pre-, during, and post-COVID-19 periods.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Seasonal influenza activity was nearly absent in 2020 and 2021 but rebounded significantly in 2022 and 2023. Epidemic detection confirmed suppressed seasonal influenza circulation during the pandemic. While influenza A subtypes returned to pre-pandemic onset timings in 2022, influenza B exhibited a significantly delayed onset. The 2022 and 2023 seasons were moderate to severe, with earlier-than-average season starts, underscoring the ongoing changes in influenza dynamics post-pandemic.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study provided a detailed analysis of the disruptions and subsequent shifts in seasonal influenza patterns in Australia during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. The rapid resurgence of influenza activity in 2022 and 2023, combined with altered onset timings, highlights the importance of ongoing surveillance and adaptive forecasting models to address the evolving complexity of influenza epidemiology in the post-pandemic era.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Public Health","volume":"18 1","pages":"Article 102620"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142872156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Molecular investigation of Coxiella burnetii and Bartonella in heart valve specimens of patients with endocarditis in Iran 伊朗心内膜炎患者心脏瓣膜标本中伯纳蒂克氏杆菌和巴尔通体的分子研究。

IF 4.7 3区医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Journal of Infection and Public Health

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102616

Mina Latifian , Ehsan Mostafavi , Mohammad Ali Broumand , Fahimeh Bagheri Amiri , Mohammad Reza Mohammadi , Saber Esmaeili

Background

Infective endocarditis (IE), is a medical condition that threatens human health. The aim of this study is the molecular investigation of Coxiella burnetii and Bartonella spp. in heart valves in Iran.

Methods

In this study, 146 patients with pathological evidence of IE and underwent heart valve surgery between 2016 and 2020 were selected. Furthermore, positive samples for C. burnetii were genotyped by the Multi Spacers Typing (MST) method, and positive samples for Bartonella were sequenced on the 16SrRNA gene.

Results

12 patients (8.2 %) were identified as positive cases of C. burnetii, and two novel genotypes of C. burnetii were identified using MST genotyping. Additionally, 15 patients (10.3 %) were diagnosed with Bartonella endocarditis, and all positive cases were identified as Bartonella quintana.

Conclusion

According to the identification of positive cases of Q fever endocarditis and Bartonella endocarditis, future studies in this field are suggested to focus on elucidating methods of prevention, diagnosis and treatment.

背景：感染性心内膜炎（IE）是一种威胁人类健康的疾病。本研究的目的是对伊朗心脏瓣膜中的伯氏柯谢氏菌和巴尔通体进行分子研究。方法：本研究选取2016 - 2020年间有IE病理证据并行心脏瓣膜手术的患者146例。采用多间隔分型（Multi Spacers Typing， MST）方法对伯纳氏梭菌阳性样本进行基因分型，对巴尔通体阳性样本进行16SrRNA基因测序。结果：12例（8.2%）患者被鉴定为伯纳蒂菌阳性病例，并通过MST基因分型鉴定出两种新的伯纳蒂菌基因型。此外，15例（10.3%）患者被诊断为巴尔通体心内膜炎，所有阳性病例均被确定为昆巴尔通体。结论：根据对Q热心内膜炎和巴尔通体心内膜炎阳性病例的鉴定，建议今后在该领域的研究应重点阐明预防、诊断和治疗方法。

{"title":"Molecular investigation of Coxiella burnetii and Bartonella in heart valve specimens of patients with endocarditis in Iran","authors":"Mina Latifian , Ehsan Mostafavi , Mohammad Ali Broumand , Fahimeh Bagheri Amiri , Mohammad Reza Mohammadi , Saber Esmaeili","doi":"10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102616","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102616","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Infective endocarditis (IE), is a medical condition that threatens human health. The aim of this study is the molecular investigation of <em>Coxiella burnetii</em> and <em>Bartonella</em> spp. in heart valves in Iran.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this study, 146 patients with pathological evidence of IE and underwent heart valve surgery between 2016 and 2020 were selected. Furthermore, positive samples for <em>C. burnetii</em> were genotyped by the Multi Spacers Typing (MST) method, and positive samples for <em>Bartonella</em> were sequenced on the 16SrRNA gene.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>12 patients (8.2 %) were identified as positive cases of <em>C. burnetii</em>, and two novel genotypes of <em>C. burnetii</em> were identified using MST genotyping. Additionally, 15 patients (10.3 %) were diagnosed with <em>Bartonella</em> endocarditis, and all positive cases were identified as <em>Bartonella quintana</em>.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>According to the identification of positive cases of Q fever endocarditis and <em>Bartonella</em> endocarditis, future studies in this field are suggested to focus on elucidating methods of prevention, diagnosis and treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Public Health","volume":"18 1","pages":"Article 102616"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142818193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Narrative review of factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 coinfection in Middle Eastern countries and the need to vaccinate against preventable diseases 中东国家SARS-CoV-2合并感染相关因素及预防可预防疾病疫苗接种需求述评

IF 4.7 3区医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Journal of Infection and Public Health

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102600

Majid Alshamrani , Fayssal Farahat , Ali Albarrak , Aiman El-Saed , Atef M. Shibl , Ziad A. Memish , Mostafa Mousa , Hammam Haridy , Abdulhakeem Althaqafi

This review evaluated the frequency of, and outcomes associated with, bacterial, fungal, and viral coinfection with SARS-CoV-2 in Middle Eastern countries via a PubMed search through February 2023. Ninety articles reported bacterial (n = 57), fungal (n = 32), and viral (n = 32) coinfections. High frequencies of coinfection with COVID-19 were identified, with rates and outcomes varying by setting, pathogen, surveillance/detection method, population characteristics, and drug-resistance status. Mortality rates were higher in patients with community-acquired (10.0 −42.9 %) and hospital-acquired (51.5 −66 %) bacterial coinfection versus those without (10.5 −21.7 %). Outcomes were worse with than without fungal coinfection, and fatality rates with mucormycosis coinfection reached 66.7 %. Outcomes with viral coinfection were highly variable; however, some data suggested a positive corelation between COVID-19 severity and influenza A and adenovirus coinfection. The negative outcomes associated with bacterial, fungal and some viral coinfections in individuals with COVID-19 support regular vaccination against vaccine-preventable diseases caused by these pathogens, especially among at-risk populations.

本综述通过PubMed检索到2023年2月，评估了中东国家细菌、真菌和病毒合并感染SARS-CoV-2的频率和相关结果。90篇文章报道了细菌（n = 57）、真菌（n = 32）和病毒（n = 32）共感染。发现了与COVID-19合并感染的高频率，其发生率和结果因环境、病原体、监测/检测方法、人群特征和耐药性状况而异。社区获得性细菌合并感染（10.0% - 42.9%）和医院获得性细菌合并感染（51.5% - 66%）患者的死亡率高于非社区获得性细菌合并感染患者（10.5% - 21.7%）。合并真菌感染的结果比未合并真菌感染的结果更差，合并毛霉病的死亡率达到66.7%。合并病毒感染的结果变化很大；然而，一些数据显示COVID-19严重程度与甲型流感和腺病毒合并感染呈正相关。COVID-19患者与细菌、真菌和某些病毒合并感染相关的负面结果支持定期接种疫苗，以预防由这些病原体引起的疫苗可预防疾病，特别是在高危人群中。

{"title":"Narrative review of factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 coinfection in Middle Eastern countries and the need to vaccinate against preventable diseases","authors":"Majid Alshamrani , Fayssal Farahat , Ali Albarrak , Aiman El-Saed , Atef M. Shibl , Ziad A. Memish , Mostafa Mousa , Hammam Haridy , Abdulhakeem Althaqafi","doi":"10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102600","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102600","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This review evaluated the frequency of, and outcomes associated with, bacterial, fungal, and viral coinfection with SARS-CoV-2 in Middle Eastern countries via a PubMed search through February 2023. Ninety articles reported bacterial (n = 57), fungal (n = 32), and viral (n = 32) coinfections. High frequencies of coinfection with COVID-19 were identified, with rates and outcomes varying by setting, pathogen, surveillance/detection method, population characteristics, and drug-resistance status. Mortality rates were higher in patients with community-acquired (10.0 −42.9 %) and hospital-acquired (51.5 −66 %) bacterial coinfection versus those without (10.5 −21.7 %). Outcomes were worse with than without fungal coinfection, and fatality rates with mucormycosis coinfection reached 66.7 %. Outcomes with viral coinfection were highly variable; however, some data suggested a positive corelation between COVID-19 severity and influenza A and adenovirus coinfection. The negative outcomes associated with bacterial, fungal and some viral coinfections in individuals with COVID-19 support regular vaccination against vaccine-preventable diseases caused by these pathogens, especially among at-risk populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Public Health","volume":"18 1","pages":"Article 102600"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142846678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Detection of blaTEM, blaOXA, blaCTX-M, and blaSHV genes of antibiotic resistance in diarrheagenic E. coli causing enteric infection in hypertensive patients at Laquintinie Hospital, Littoral Region of Cameroon 喀麦隆沿海地区拉昆廷尼医院致高血压患者肠道感染致泻性大肠杆菌中blaTEM、blaOXA、blaCTX-M和blaSHV耐药基因的检测

IF 4.7 3区医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Journal of Infection and Public Health

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102617

Ornella Djiolieu Tsobeng, Armelle T. Mbaveng , Michael F. Kengne, Ballue S.T. Dadjo, Delano G.T. Fonjou, Victor Kuete

Background

Pathogenic Escherichia coli is one of the most common causes of acute watery diarrhea among children and adults in the developing world. The severity of infection by this bacterium is a product of many factors, including virulence properties and antimicrobial resistance. This study aimed to determine the distribution of different virulence genes of E. coli isolates in hypertensive and non-hypertensive patients and their association with some selected beta-lactam resistance genes.

Methods

At the Douala Laquintinie Hospital, 518 fecal samples were collected from both hypertensive and non-hypertensive patients with enteric infections. E. coli was isolated on eosin-methylene blue agar (EMB) and identified by the Api 20 E Galery. The virulence genes and extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing (ESBL) E. coli genes were detected by simplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR), while antimicrobial susceptibility was tested by the Kirby-Bauer agar disc diffusion method.

Results

The prevalence of enteric infection due to diarrheagenic E. coli (n = 204) was found to be 39.38 % in the general population (n = 518). There were 55 enterovirulent E. coli isolates identified. According to hypertension (HTN), enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) isolates were more isolated in hypertensive patients (77.78 %) than in non-hypertensive patients (22.22 %), while enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) were the most frequent in non-hypertensive patients (58.33 %). EPEC, EAEC, enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC), and Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) isolates showed higher rates of resistance to amoxicillin (AMO) (90.48 %; 100.00 %; 100.00 %; 100.00 % vs 83.33 %; 85.71 %; 75.00 %; 50.00 %) and SXT (71.43 %; 80.00 %; 75.00 %; 75.00 % vs 0.00 %; 28.57 %; 50.00 %; 25.00 %) in hypertensive patients compared to non-hypertensive patients. The prevalence of ESBL-producing (ESBL-P) E. coli was 87.27 %. The resistance genes bla_TEM (64.71 % vs 52.38 %) and bla_OXA (23.53 % vs 9.52 %) were more frequently detected in hypertensive patients than in non-hypertensive patients. The high resistance to AMO was correlated with the presence of the bla_CTX-M gene (OR: 5.52; 95 % CI: 0.61–49.39; p = 0.093).

Conclusion

This study reveals the high burden of the typical EPEC, EAEC, and ESBL-P E. coli and confirmed the high occurrence of bla_CTX-M and bla_TEM among ESBL-producing E. coli in hypertensive patients. The study suggests that measures need to be taken to reduce the harmfulness of enterovirulent E. coli and the resistance of enterovirulent E. coli in hypertensive patients.

背景：致病性大肠杆菌是发展中国家儿童和成人急性水样腹泻的最常见原因之一。这种细菌感染的严重程度是许多因素的产物，包括毒力特性和抗菌素耐药性。本研究旨在确定大肠杆菌在高血压和非高血压患者中不同毒力基因的分布及其与某些β -内酰胺耐药基因的关系。方法：在杜阿拉拉昆廷医院收集518例高血压和非高血压肠道感染患者的粪便样本。在伊红-亚甲基蓝琼脂（EMB）上分离到大肠杆菌，并通过Api 20 E gallery进行鉴定。采用单形聚合酶链式反应（PCR）检测大肠杆菌毒力基因和广谱产β-内酰胺酶（ESBL）基因，采用Kirby-Bauer琼脂盘扩散法检测其药敏。结果：普通人群（n = 518）中，致泻性大肠杆菌肠道感染发生率为39.38%（204例）。共分离出55株肠毒性大肠杆菌。根据高血压（HTN），高血压患者中肠致病性大肠杆菌（EPEC）的分离率（77.78%）高于非高血压患者（22.22%），而肠聚集性大肠杆菌（EAEC）的分离率（58.33%）高于非高血压患者（77.78%）。EPEC、EAEC、产肠毒素大肠杆菌（ETEC）和产志贺毒素大肠杆菌（STEC）对阿莫西林（AMO）的耐药率较高(90.48%；100.00%;100.00%;100.00% vs 83.33%；85.71%;75.00%;50.00%)和SXT (71.43%；80.00%;75.00%;75.00% vs . 0.00 %；28.57%;50.00%;25.00%)，与非高血压患者相比。产esbl （ESBL-P）大肠杆菌的感染率为87.27%。耐药基因blaTEM （64.71% vs 52.38%）和blaOXA （23.53% vs 9.52%）在高血压患者中的检出率高于非高血压患者。对AMO的高抗性与blaCTX-M基因的存在相关(OR: 5.52；95% ci: 0.61-49.39；p = 0.093)。结论：本研究揭示了典型的EPEC、EAEC和ESBL-P大肠杆菌的高负荷，并证实了高血压患者产esbl大肠杆菌中blaCTX-M和blaTEM的高发生率。提示应采取措施降低大肠杆菌对高血压患者的危害，提高其耐药性。

{"title":"Detection of blaTEM, blaOXA, blaCTX-M, and blaSHV genes of antibiotic resistance in diarrheagenic E. coli causing enteric infection in hypertensive patients at Laquintinie Hospital, Littoral Region of Cameroon","authors":"Ornella Djiolieu Tsobeng, Armelle T. Mbaveng , Michael F. Kengne, Ballue S.T. Dadjo, Delano G.T. Fonjou, Victor Kuete","doi":"10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102617","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102617","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Pathogenic <em>Escherichia coli</em> is one of the most common causes of acute watery diarrhea among children and adults in the developing world. The severity of infection by this bacterium is a product of many factors, including virulence properties and antimicrobial resistance. This study aimed to determine the distribution of different virulence genes of <em>E. coli</em> isolates in hypertensive and non-hypertensive patients and their association with some selected beta-lactam resistance genes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>At the Douala Laquintinie Hospital, 518 fecal samples were collected from both hypertensive and non-hypertensive patients with enteric infections. <em>E. coli</em> was isolated on eosin-methylene blue agar (EMB) and identified by the Api 20 E Galery. The virulence genes and extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing (ESBL) <em>E. coli</em> genes were detected by simplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR), while antimicrobial susceptibility was tested by the Kirby-Bauer agar disc diffusion method.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The prevalence of enteric infection due to diarrheagenic <em>E. coli</em> (n = 204) was found to be 39.38 % in the general population (n = 518). There were 55 enterovirulent <em>E. coli</em> isolates identified. According to hypertension (HTN), enteropathogenic <em>E. coli</em> (EPEC) isolates were more isolated in hypertensive patients (77.78 %) than in non-hypertensive patients (22.22 %), while enteroaggregative <em>E. coli</em> (EAEC) were the most frequent in non-hypertensive patients (58.33 %). EPEC, EAEC, enterotoxigenic <em>E. coli</em> (ETEC), and Shiga toxin-producing <em>E. coli</em> (STEC) isolates showed higher rates of resistance to amoxicillin (AMO) (90.48 %; 100.00 %; 100.00 %; 100.00 % vs 83.33 %; 85.71 %; 75.00 %; 50.00 %) and SXT (71.43 %; 80.00 %; 75.00 %; 75.00 % vs 0.00 %; 28.57 %; 50.00 %; 25.00 %) in hypertensive patients compared to non-hypertensive patients. The prevalence of ESBL-producing (ESBL-P) <em>E. coli</em> was 87.27 %. The resistance genes <em>bla</em><sub>TEM</sub> (64.71 % vs 52.38 %) and <em>bla</em><sub>OXA</sub> (23.53 % vs 9.52 %) were more frequently detected in hypertensive patients than in non-hypertensive patients. The high resistance to AMO was correlated with the presence of the <em>bla</em><sub>CTX-M</sub> gene (OR: 5.52; 95 % CI: 0.61–49.39; p = 0.093).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study reveals the high burden of the typical EPEC, EAEC<em>,</em> and ESBL-P <em>E. coli</em> and confirmed the high occurrence of <em>bla</em><sub>CTX-M</sub> and <em>bla</em><sub>TEM</sub> among ESBL-producing <em>E</em>. <em>coli</em> in hypertensive patients. The study suggests that measures need to be taken to reduce the harmfulness of enterovirulent <em>E. coli</em> and the resistance of enterovirulent <em>E. coli</em> in hypertensive patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Public Health","volume":"18 1","pages":"Article 102617"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142813346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

CTLA-4 rs5742909 but not ADAM33 rs2280091 is a predictor factor for COVID-19 mortality CTLA-4 rs5742909 而非 ADAM33 rs2280091 是 COVID-19 死亡率的预测因素。

IF 4.7 3区医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Journal of Infection and Public Health

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102618

Farzaneh Sheikhian , Mohammad Mehdi Golparvar , Iraj Ahmadi , Enayat Anvari , Fatemeh Majdolashrafi , Morteza Ghazanfari Jajin , Fatemeh Sakhaee , Mojgan Sheikhpour , Abolfazl Fateh

Background

Research has demonstrated the association between susceptibility to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). On the other hand, the cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) serves as a pivotal inhibitory receptor with a substantial impact on the advancement of viral infections. Besides, the disintegrin and metalloproteinase33 (ADAM33) gene is associated with both asthma and heightened airway responsiveness. Hence, this investigation sought to elucidate the potential association between the CTLA-4 rs5742909 and ADAM33 rs2280091 SNPs and the fatality rate of COVID-19 across various variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).

Methods

Both SNPs were genotyped with the PCR-RFLP assay in 1734 improved and 1450 deceased individuals.

Results

Our obtained results revealed a significant association between the CTLA-4 rs5742909 C/T-T/T genotypes and increased mortality risk of COVID-19 in three different SARS-CoV-2 variants. The ADAM33 rs2280091 polymorphism demonstrated no significant association with COVID-19 mortality under various inheritance models. Nevertheless, subsequent adjustments for SARS-CoV-2 variants revealed a notable association between the GA genotype of ADAM33 rs2280091 and mortality rates specifically among individuals infected with the Delta variant.

Conclusions

In summary, the prediction of COVID-19 severity could be facilitated through the utilization of the CTLA-4 rs5742909 marker. Conversely, in the case of ADAM33 rs2280091, such prognostication appears to be contingent upon the specific variants of the SARS-CoV-2 virus.

背景：研究表明，2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）易感性与单核苷酸多态性（snp）之间存在关联。另一方面，细胞毒性T淋巴细胞相关抗原-4 （CTLA-4）是一种关键的抑制受体，对病毒感染的进展具有重大影响。此外，崩解素和金属蛋白酶33 （ADAM33）基因与哮喘和气道反应性升高有关。因此，本研究旨在阐明CTLA-4 rss5742909和ADAM33 rs2280091 snp与COVID-19在各种严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2 （SARS-CoV-2）变异中的致死率之间的潜在关联。方法：用PCR-RFLP法对1734例改良个体和1450例死亡个体的两个snp进行基因分型。结果：我们获得的结果显示CTLA-4 rs5742909 C/T-T/T基因型与三种不同的SARS-CoV-2变体中COVID-19死亡风险增加之间存在显著关联。在各种遗传模型下，ADAM33 rs2280091多态性与COVID-19死亡率无显著相关性。然而，对SARS-CoV-2变体的后续调整显示，ADAM33 rs2280091的GA基因型与死亡率之间存在显著关联，特别是在感染Delta变体的个体中。结论：综上所述，CTLA-4 rs5742909标记物可用于预测COVID-19严重程度。相反，在ADAM33 rs2280091的情况下，这种预测似乎取决于SARS-CoV-2病毒的特定变体。

{"title":"CTLA-4 rs5742909 but not ADAM33 rs2280091 is a predictor factor for COVID-19 mortality","authors":"Farzaneh Sheikhian , Mohammad Mehdi Golparvar , Iraj Ahmadi , Enayat Anvari , Fatemeh Majdolashrafi , Morteza Ghazanfari Jajin , Fatemeh Sakhaee , Mojgan Sheikhpour , Abolfazl Fateh","doi":"10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102618","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102618","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Research has demonstrated the association between susceptibility to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). On the other hand, the cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) serves as a pivotal inhibitory receptor with a substantial impact on the advancement of viral infections. Besides, the disintegrin and metalloproteinase33 (<em>ADAM33</em>) gene is associated with both asthma and heightened airway responsiveness. Hence, this investigation sought to elucidate the potential association between the <em>CTLA-4</em> rs5742909 and <em>ADAM33</em> rs2280091 SNPs and the fatality rate of COVID-19 across various variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Both SNPs were genotyped with the PCR-RFLP assay in 1734 improved and 1450 deceased individuals.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Our obtained results revealed a significant association between the <em>CTLA-4</em> rs5742909 C/T-T/T genotypes and increased mortality risk of COVID-19 in three different SARS-CoV-2 variants. The <em>ADAM33</em> rs2280091 polymorphism demonstrated no significant association with COVID-19 mortality under various inheritance models. Nevertheless, subsequent adjustments for SARS-CoV-2 variants revealed a notable association between the GA genotype of <em>ADAM33</em> rs2280091 and mortality rates specifically among individuals infected with the Delta variant.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In summary, the prediction of COVID-19 severity could be facilitated through the utilization of the <em>CTLA-4</em> rs5742909 marker. Conversely, in the case of <em>ADAM33</em> rs2280091, such prognostication appears to be contingent upon the specific variants of the SARS-CoV-2 virus.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Public Health","volume":"18 1","pages":"Article 102618"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142824233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fulminant non-traumatic Clostridium perfringens necrotizing fasciitis and myonecrosis in a child with acute myeloid leukemia 急性髓性白血病患儿的暴发性非创伤性产气荚膜梭菌坏死性筋膜炎和肌坏死。

IF 4.7 3区医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Journal of Infection and Public Health

Pub Date : 2024-12-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102635

Banan Alsowailmi , Mohammed Alshaalan , Sameera Al Johani , Musaed Alharbi

Necrotizing fasciitis is a potentially life-threatening infection that can lead to rapid muscular and fascial necrosis, often resulting in sepsis. In addition to the rapid disease progression, diagnosing this disease in children can be challenging as they cannot accurately communicate their symptoms. Spontaneous necrotizing fasciitis secondary to Clostridial infection has rarely been described in the literature but occurs in neutropenic patients with significant morbidity and mortality from myonecrosis and gas gangrene. This case report describes fulminant nontraumatic necrotizing fasciitis in a 15-month-old child receiving chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia. The child had risk factors, including neutropenia, immunosuppression, and prior antibiotic use, which possibly contributed to Clostridial colonization of the gastrointestinal tract and eventual hematogenous spread. He rapidly developed progressive swelling and erythema of the right thigh after venous phlebotomy. Imaging revealed subcutaneous emphysema with evidence of necrotizing fasciitis and deep compartmental collections. The disease spread rapidly, involving the scrotum and lower abdominal wall. Despite parenteral antibiotics and extensive surgical debridement, the patient’s condition deteriorated rapidly, with refractory septic shock and its sequelae, and he eventually died. This case study highlights the critical importance of prompt response to any suspicion of necrotizing fasciitis in immunocompromised pediatric patients to prevent life-threatening complications.

坏死性筋膜炎是一种潜在的危及生命的感染，可导致快速的肌肉和筋膜坏死，通常导致败血症。除了疾病进展迅速外，在儿童中诊断这种疾病可能具有挑战性，因为他们不能准确地传达他们的症状。自发性坏死性筋膜炎继发于梭状芽胞杆菌感染，在文献中很少有描述，但发生在中性粒细胞减少患者中，有显著的发病率和死亡率，由肌坏死和气性坏疽引起。本病例报告描述了一个15个月大的儿童因急性髓性白血病接受化疗的暴发性非创伤性坏死性筋膜炎。该患儿存在危险因素，包括中性粒细胞减少、免疫抑制和既往使用抗生素，这可能导致梭状芽孢杆菌在胃肠道定植和最终的血液传播。静脉放血后，患者右大腿迅速出现进行性肿胀和红斑。影像学显示皮下肺气肿伴坏死性筋膜炎及深室室积液。病情迅速蔓延，累及阴囊和下腹壁。尽管使用了肠外抗生素并进行了广泛的手术清创，但患者的病情迅速恶化，出现了难治性感染性休克及其后遗症，最终死亡。本病例研究强调了对任何怀疑坏死性筋膜炎的儿童免疫功能低下患者迅速反应的重要性，以防止危及生命的并发症。

{"title":"Fulminant non-traumatic Clostridium perfringens necrotizing fasciitis and myonecrosis in a child with acute myeloid leukemia","authors":"Banan Alsowailmi , Mohammed Alshaalan , Sameera Al Johani , Musaed Alharbi","doi":"10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102635","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102635","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Necrotizing fasciitis is a potentially life-threatening infection that can lead to rapid muscular and fascial necrosis, often resulting in sepsis. In addition to the rapid disease progression, diagnosing this disease in children can be challenging as they cannot accurately communicate their symptoms. Spontaneous necrotizing fasciitis secondary to <em>Clostridial</em> infection has rarely been described in the literature but occurs in neutropenic patients with significant morbidity and mortality from myonecrosis and gas gangrene. This case report describes fulminant nontraumatic necrotizing fasciitis in a 15-month-old child receiving chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia. The child had risk factors, including neutropenia, immunosuppression, and prior antibiotic use, which possibly contributed to <em>Clostridial</em> colonization of the gastrointestinal tract and eventual hematogenous spread. He rapidly developed progressive swelling and erythema of the right thigh after venous phlebotomy. Imaging revealed subcutaneous emphysema with evidence of necrotizing fasciitis and deep compartmental collections. The disease spread rapidly, involving the scrotum and lower abdominal wall. Despite parenteral antibiotics and extensive surgical debridement, the patient’s condition deteriorated rapidly, with refractory septic shock and its sequelae, and he eventually died. This case study highlights the critical importance of prompt response to any suspicion of necrotizing fasciitis in immunocompromised pediatric patients to prevent life-threatening complications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Public Health","volume":"18 3","pages":"Article 102635"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143006740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Trends and gaps in hydroxychloroquine and COVID-19 research (2020–2023): Performance and conceptual mapping 羟基氯喹和COVID-19研究的趋势和差距（2020-2023）：绩效和概念映射。

IF 4.7 3区医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Journal of Infection and Public Health

Pub Date : 2024-12-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102623

Abdullah Algaissi , Manal Mohamed Elhassan Taha , Edrous Alamer , Nader Kameli , Abdulaziz Alhazmi , Nizar Khamjan , Siddig Ibrahim Abdelwahab

Background

Hydroxychloroquine and Chloroquine (CQ) and Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) are antimalarial drugs with well-known anti-inflammatory and antiviral effects used to treat various diseases, with few side effects. After COVID-19 emergence, numerous researches from around the world have examined the potential of using CQ or HCQ as potential treatment of COVID-19. However, conflicting outcomes have been found in COVID-19 clinical trials after treatment with CQ or HCQ. This study aims to evaluate research on CQ and HCQ for COVID-19 treatment and prophylaxis control using bibliometric methods.

Methods

We analyzed bibliometric data on HCQ and COVID-19 (HCQ-C19) quantitatively and semantically (2020–2023) using the Scopus database VOSviewer, Bibliometrix, and MS Excel.

Results

Analyses of 7471 original and conference articles revealed that the total number of publications has continually increased. The country producing the most articles in this field was the United States, followed by Italy, India, and Spain. The top-productive authors on HCQ-C19 are Mussini, C., and Raoult, D. (Italy) with 23 and 21 articles, respectively. The top-impactful organization is IHU Méditerranée Infection, France. A Bibliometrix’s network analysis based on the co-occurrence of keywords revealed the following themes HCQ-C19, including "clinical research/practice," "COVID-19," "thrombosis," "HCQ," "epidemiology," and "infectious disease."

Conclusion

In conclusion, the analysis reveals a growing interest in HCQ-C19 research. Prominent contributions come from the United States, Italy, India, and Spain. Key themes include clinical research/practice, COVID-19, thrombosis, HCQ, epidemiology, and infectious disease. Future recommendations include conducting well-designed clinical trials and fostering collaborative interdisciplinary efforts.

背景：羟氯喹和氯喹（CQ）和羟氯喹（HCQ）是抗疟疾药物，具有众所周知的抗炎和抗病毒作用，用于治疗各种疾病，副作用很少。COVID-19出现后，世界各地的许多研究都研究了使用CQ或HCQ作为COVID-19潜在治疗方法的潜力。然而，在CQ或HCQ治疗后的COVID-19临床试验中发现了相互矛盾的结果。本研究旨在采用文献计量学方法评价CQ和HCQ对COVID-19治疗和预防控制的研究。方法：利用Scopus数据库VOSviewer、Bibliometrix和MS Excel对2020-2023年HCQ和COVID-19 （HCQ- c19）文献计量学数据进行定量和语义分析。结果：对7471篇原创论文和会议论文的分析显示，论文发表总数不断增加。在这一领域发表文章最多的国家是美国，其次是意大利、印度和西班牙。HCQ-C19上产量最高的作者是Mussini， C和Raoult， D.（意大利），分别发表了23篇和21篇文章。最具影响力的组织是法国的IHU msamudetransamudeinfection。基于关键词共现的Bibliometrix网络分析显示，HCQ- c19的主题包括“临床研究/实践”、“COVID-19”、“血栓形成”、“HCQ”、“流行病学”和“传染病”。结论：总之，分析显示对HCQ-C19研究的兴趣越来越大。杰出的贡献来自美国、意大利、印度和西班牙。关键主题包括临床研究/实践、COVID-19、血栓形成、HCQ、流行病学和传染病。未来的建议包括进行精心设计的临床试验和促进跨学科合作。

{"title":"Trends and gaps in hydroxychloroquine and COVID-19 research (2020–2023): Performance and conceptual mapping","authors":"Abdullah Algaissi , Manal Mohamed Elhassan Taha , Edrous Alamer , Nader Kameli , Abdulaziz Alhazmi , Nizar Khamjan , Siddig Ibrahim Abdelwahab","doi":"10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102623","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102623","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Hydroxychloroquine and Chloroquine (CQ) and Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) are antimalarial drugs with well-known anti-inflammatory and antiviral effects used to treat various diseases, with few side effects. After COVID-19 emergence, numerous researches from around the world have examined the potential of using CQ or HCQ as potential treatment of COVID-19. However, conflicting outcomes have been found in COVID-19 clinical trials after treatment with CQ or HCQ. This study aims to evaluate research on CQ and HCQ for COVID-19 treatment and prophylaxis control using bibliometric methods.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We analyzed bibliometric data on HCQ and COVID-19 (HCQ-C19) quantitatively and semantically (2020–2023) using the Scopus database VOSviewer, Bibliometrix, and MS Excel.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Analyses of 7471 original and conference articles revealed that the total number of publications has continually increased. The country producing the most articles in this field was the United States, followed by Italy, India, and Spain. The top-productive authors on HCQ-C19 are Mussini, C., and Raoult, D. (Italy) with 23 and 21 articles, respectively. The top-impactful organization is IHU Méditerranée Infection, France. A Bibliometrix’s network analysis based on the co-occurrence of keywords revealed the following themes HCQ-C19, including \"clinical research/practice,\" \"COVID-19,\" \"thrombosis,\" \"HCQ,\" \"epidemiology,\" and \"infectious disease.\"</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In conclusion, the analysis reveals a growing interest in HCQ-C19 research. Prominent contributions come from the United States, Italy, India, and Spain. Key themes include clinical research/practice, COVID-19, thrombosis, HCQ, epidemiology, and infectious disease. Future recommendations include conducting well-designed clinical trials and fostering collaborative interdisciplinary efforts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16087,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infection and Public Health","volume":"18 3","pages":"Article 102623"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143006742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0