Journal of Infection and Public Health最新文献_第2页

The impact of maximum cross-sectional area of lesion on predicting the early therapeutic response of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis 病灶最大横截面积对预测耐多药结核病早期治疗反应的影响。

IF 4.7 3区医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Journal of Infection and Public Health

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102628

Fuzhen Zhang , Yu Zhang , Zilong Yang , Ruichao Liu , Shanshan Li , Yu Pang , Liang Li

Background

Early evaluation of culture conversion after 6-month treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is vital for outcome prediction. This study aims to merge the maximum lesion cross-sectional area observed via computed tomography (CT) imaging during treatment to predict therapeutic response.

Methods

We retrospectively involved MDR-TB patients who completed 6 months of treatment from two hospitals. Patients were categorized into culture conversation and no culture conversation groups based on sputum culture results. The data from the two hospitals were used as internal training and external testing cohorts, respectively. Logistic regression and random forest models were developed using the maximum lesion cross-sectional area and most important predictive features. The model performance was evaluated using the area under the curve (AUC), accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and F1 score.

Results

In the model without the maximum lesion cross-sectional area to predict culture conversion for MDR-TB after 6 months of treatment, logistic regression and random forest models achieved AUC values of 0.796 and 0.958, sensitivities of 0.725 and 0.993, and F1 scores of 0.803 and 0.957 in the training cohort, respectively. In the testing cohort, logistic regression and random forest models achieved AUC values of 0.889 and 0.855, respectively. Evaluating the maximum lesion cross-sectional area at baseline, 2 months, and 6 months, logistic regression and random forest models in the training cohort yielded AUC values of 0.819 and 0.998, sensitivities of 0.674 and 1.000, and F1 scores of 0.772 and 0.986. In the testing cohort, the AUC values were 0.869 and 0.920, sensitivities were 0.933 and 1.000, and F1 scores were 0.848 and 0.841, respectively.

Conclusions

The integration of maximum lesion cross-sectional area during treatment can improve the prediction of early treatment response in MDR-TB. When applied in a clinical setting, the random forest model is more suitable for guiding appropriate treatment plans quickly.

背景：早期评估耐多药结核病（MDR-TB）治疗6个月后培养转化对预后预测至关重要。本研究旨在合并治疗期间通过计算机断层扫描（CT）成像观察到的最大病变横截面积，以预测治疗反应。方法：我们回顾性研究了来自两家医院完成6个月治疗的耐多药结核病患者。根据痰培养结果将患者分为培养对话组和无培养对话组。两家医院的数据分别用作内部培训队列和外部测试队列。利用最大病变横截面积和最重要的预测特征建立了逻辑回归和随机森林模型。使用曲线下面积（AUC）、准确性、敏感性、特异性和F1评分来评估模型的性能。结果：在不考虑最大病变截面积预测耐多药结核治疗6个月后培养转化的模型中，logistic回归和随机森林模型的AUC值分别为0.796和0.958，灵敏度分别为0.725和0.993，训练队列F1评分分别为0.803和0.957。在检验队列中，logistic回归和随机森林模型的AUC值分别为0.889和0.855。在训练队列中，logistic回归和随机森林模型评估基线、2个月和6个月时的最大病变横截面积，AUC值为0.819和0.998，灵敏度为0.674和1.000，F1评分为0.772和0.986。在检测队列中，AUC值分别为0.869和0.920，敏感性分别为0.933和1.000，F1评分分别为0.848和0.841。结论：在治疗过程中整合最大病变横截面积可以提高对耐多药结核病早期治疗反应的预测。当应用于临床环境时，随机森林模型更适合于快速指导合适的治疗方案。

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引用次数: 0

Parental vaccine hesitancy: Recent evidences support the need to implement targeted communication strategies 父母对疫苗的犹豫：最近的证据支持有必要实施有针对性的传播战略。

IF 4.7 3区医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Journal of Infection and Public Health

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102648

Cecilia Cagnotta , Nicoletta Lettera , Mirko Cardillo , Daniele Pirozzi , Daniel Catalán-Matamoros , Annalisa Capuano , Cristina Scavone

In 2018, Europe experienced a surge in measles cases, revealing the consequences of suboptimal immunization coverage. This trend was exacerbated by long-standing vaccine hesitancy. Parental attitudes toward childhood vaccines have increasingly shifted, influenced by ethical, religious, and safety concerns. Vaccines hesitancy has substantially increased after the Covid-19 pandemic. Using PubMed, we reviewed cross-sectional studies, published during years 2023–2024, related to parents’ vaccine hesitancy, with the aim to provide an overview of its prevalence, underlying reasons and consequences for public health. Data summarised highlight various factors contributing to vaccine hesitancy. These include socio-demographic factors, the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic, and widespread misinformation, particularly through social media. Several cross-sectional studies show that vaccine hesitancy is often linked to lower education levels, misinformation, and decreased trust in healthcare systems. The pandemic exacerbated this issue. This article underscores the need for targeted communication strategies to address vaccine hesitancy, focusing on specific populations, such as those in low-income settings or with limited access to healthcare information. It emphasizes the importance of countering misinformation to improve vaccination rates and public health outcomes.

2018年，欧洲麻疹病例激增，暴露了免疫覆盖率不理想的后果。长期对疫苗的犹豫加剧了这一趋势。受伦理、宗教和安全问题的影响，父母对儿童疫苗的态度日益转变。Covid-19大流行后，对疫苗的犹豫大大增加。利用PubMed，我们回顾了2023-2024年间发表的与父母疫苗犹豫相关的横断面研究，目的是概述其流行程度、潜在原因和对公共卫生的影响。总结的数据强调了导致疫苗犹豫的各种因素。这些因素包括社会人口因素、Covid-19大流行的影响以及广泛存在的错误信息，特别是通过社交媒体传播的错误信息。几项横断面研究表明，疫苗犹豫往往与较低的教育水平、错误信息和对卫生保健系统的信任度下降有关。大流行加剧了这一问题。这篇文章强调需要有针对性的传播战略来解决疫苗犹豫问题，重点关注特定人群，例如低收入环境或获得卫生保健信息的机会有限的人群。它强调了打击错误信息对提高疫苗接种率和公共卫生成果的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Discovery of anti-Ebola virus multi-target inhibitors from traditional Chinese medicine database using molecular screening, biophysical investigation, and binding free energy calculations 通过分子筛选、生物物理研究和结合自由能计算，从中药数据库中发现抗埃博拉病毒多靶点抑制剂。

IF 4.7 3区医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Journal of Infection and Public Health

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102636

Abbas Khan , Abrar Mohammad Sayaf , Anwar Mohammad , Fahad M. Alshabrmi , Tarek Benameur , Dong-Qing Wei , Kar Kheng Yeoh , Abdelali Agouni

Introduction

Ebola virus (EBOV) is a highly lethal RNA virus that causes severe hemorrhagic fever in humans and non-human primates. The lack of effective treatment or vaccine for this pathogen poses a serious threat to a global pandemic. Therefore, it is imperative to explore new drugs and therapies to combat this life-threatening infection.

Materials and methods

In this study, we employed in silico methods to assess the inhibitory activity of natural products from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) against four EBOV proteins that are crucial for viral replication and assembly: VP40, VP35, VP30, and VP24. We performed molecular docking of TCM compounds with the EBOV proteins and screened them based on their docking scores, binding free energies, and pharmacokinetic properties.

Results

Our results pinpointed eight TCM compounds (TCM1797, TCM2872, TCM250, TCM2837, TCM2644, TCM4697, TCM2322, and TCM277) that exhibited superior efficacy in inhibiting all the EBOV proteins compared to the controls. These compounds interacted with key residues of the EBOV proteins through various types of bonds, such as hydrogen bonds, salt bridges, and π-π interactions, forming stable complexes that could disrupt the function of the EBOV proteins. These compounds were found to possess known antiviral activity, acceptable pharmacokinetic properties, and human usage history, which make them promising candidates for anti-EBOV drug development. Moreover, the molecular simulation analysis confirmed the binding stability, structural compactness, and residue flexibility properties of these compounds. Furthermore, the binding free energy results revealed that VP30-TCM2644, VP30-TCM4697, VP35-TCM2837, VP24-TCM250, and VP24-TCM277 complexes exhibit significant binding free energy values compared to the control ligands. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Free Energy Landscape (FEL) results revealed the trajectories' motion and conformational energy states.

Conclusions

Our findings provide valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms driving the efficacy of TCM drugs against EBOV and suggest novel approaches for the development of anti-EBOV therapies.

导言：埃博拉病毒（EBOV）是一种高度致命的 RNA 病毒，可导致人类和非人灵长类动物严重出血热。这种病原体缺乏有效的治疗方法或疫苗，严重威胁着全球大流行。因此，当务之急是探索新的药物和疗法来对抗这种威胁生命的感染：在本研究中，我们采用硅学方法评估了中药天然产物对四种EBOV蛋白的抑制活性，这四种蛋白对病毒的复制和组装至关重要：VP40、VP35、VP30和VP24。我们进行了中药化合物与 EBOV 蛋白的分子对接，并根据对接得分、结合自由能和药代动力学特性对它们进行了筛选：结果：与对照组相比，我们发现8个中药化合物（TCM1797、TCM2872、TCM250、TCM2837、TCM2644、TCM4697、TCM2322和TCM277）在抑制所有EBOV蛋白方面表现出卓越的疗效。这些化合物通过氢键、盐桥和π-π相互作用等各种键与 EBOV 蛋白的关键残基相互作用，形成稳定的复合物，从而破坏 EBOV 蛋白的功能。研究发现，这些化合物具有已知的抗病毒活性、可接受的药代动力学特性和人类使用史，因此有望成为抗 EBOV 药物开发的候选化合物。此外，分子模拟分析证实了这些化合物的结合稳定性、结构紧密性和残基灵活性。此外，结合自由能结果显示，与对照配体相比，VP30-TCM2644、VP30-TCM4697、VP35-TCM2837、VP24-TCM250 和 VP24-TCM277 复合物表现出显著的结合自由能值。主成分分析（PCA）和自由能景观（FEL）结果显示了轨迹的运动和构象能态：我们的研究结果为了解驱动中药抗 EBOV 药效的分子机制提供了有价值的见解，并为开发抗 EBOV 疗法提供了新方法。

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引用次数: 0

Evaluation of ChatGPT-4 for the detection of surgical site infections from electronic health records after colorectal surgery: A pilot diagnostic accuracy study 评估ChatGPT-4从结直肠手术后电子健康记录中检测手术部位感染：一项诊断准确性的试点研究

IF 4.7 3区医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Journal of Infection and Public Health

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102627

Josep M. Badia , Daniel Casanova-Portoles , Estela Membrilla , Carles Rubiés , Miquel Pujol , Joan Sancho

Background

Surveillance of surgical site infection (SSI) relies on manual methods that are time-consuming and prone to subjectivity. This study evaluates the diagnostic accuracy of ChatGPT for detecting SSI from electronic health records after colorectal surgery via comparison with the results of a nationwide surveillance programme.

Methods

This pilot, retrospective, multicentre analysis included 122 patients who underwent colorectal surgery. Patient records were reviewed by both manual surveillance and ChatGPT, which was tasked with identifying SSI and categorizing them as superficial, deep, or organ-space infections. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) were calculated. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis determined the model's diagnostic performance.

Results

ChatGPT achieved a sensitivity of 100 %, correctly identifying all SSIs detected by manual methods. The specificity was 54 %, indicating the presence of false positives. The PPV was 67 %, and the NPV was 100 %. The area under the ROC curve was 0.77, indicating good overall accuracy for distinguishing between SSI and non-SSI cases. Minor differences in outcomes were observed between colon and rectal surgeries, as well as between the hospitals participating in the study.

Conclusions

ChatGPT shows high sensitivity and good overall accuracy for detecting SSI. It appears to be a useful tool for initial screenings and for reducing manual review workload. The moderate specificity suggests a need for further refinement to reduce the rate of false positives. The integration of ChatGPT alongside electronic medical records, antibiotic consumption and imaging data results for real-time analysis may further improve the surveillance of SSI. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT06556017.

背景：手术部位感染（SSI）的监测依赖于人工方法，既费时又容易主观。本研究通过与全国监测计划的结果比较，评估了ChatGPT在结直肠手术后从电子健康记录中检测SSI的诊断准确性。方法：这项前瞻性、回顾性、多中心分析包括122例接受结直肠手术的患者。通过人工监测和ChatGPT审查患者记录，ChatGPT的任务是识别SSI并将其分类为浅表、深部或器官间隙感染。计算敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值（PPV）和阴性预测值（NPV）。受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线分析决定了模型的诊断性能。结果：ChatGPT的灵敏度为100 %，能正确识别所有手工方法检测到的ssi。特异性为54 %，提示存在假阳性。PPV为67 %，NPV为100 %。ROC曲线下面积为0.77，表明区分SSI和非SSI病例的总体准确性较好。在结肠和直肠手术之间，以及参与研究的医院之间，观察到结果的微小差异。结论：ChatGPT检测SSI具有较高的灵敏度和较好的整体准确度。它似乎是初始筛选和减少人工审查工作量的有用工具。中等特异性表明需要进一步改进以降低假阳性率。ChatGPT与电子病历、抗生素用量和成像数据结果的整合，可用于实时分析，从而进一步改善对SSI的监测。临床试验：gov标识符：NCT06556017。

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引用次数: 0

Cardiovascular disease and its risk factors among people living with HIV: A systematic review and meta-analysis 艾滋病毒感染者的心血管疾病及其危险因素：一项系统综述和荟萃分析

IF 4.7 3区医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Journal of Infection and Public Health

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2025.102654

Min Du , Shimo Zhang , Min Liu , Jue Liu

This meta-analysis aimed to quantify the latest cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence rate and assess the impact of risk factors among people living with HIV (PLWH). We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library for studies published up to September 14, 2023. To evaluate effect sizes, we employed multilevel (three-level) random-effects meta-analyses. The pooled incidence rate of CVD was 6.31 per 1000 person-years. Among the 14 risk factors analyzed, the most prevalent was a history of CVD (odds ratio [OR]=3.47), followed by age (per 10-year increase) (OR=1.79), current smoking (OR=1.76), hypertension (OR=1.57), smoking (OR=1.53), diabetes (OR=1.50), previous smoking (OR=1.30), and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection (OR=1.18). However, there was no statistical significance associated with HIV-specific factors (abacavir use, efavirenz use, and CD4 nadir, etc.). The CVD incidence rate was high among PLWH, with risk factors including both conventional CVD risk factors and HCV infection. There is an urgent need for more high-quality research to better understand the effects of HIV progression and drug use.

这项荟萃分析旨在量化最新的心血管疾病（CVD）发病率，并评估艾滋病毒感染者（PLWH）中危险因素的影响。我们检索了PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、Scopus和Cochrane Library，查找截至2023年9月14日发表的研究。为了评估效应大小，我们采用了多水平（三水平）随机效应荟萃分析。CVD的总发病率为6.31 / 1000人-年。在分析的14个危险因素中，最常见的是心血管疾病史（比值比[OR]=3.47），其次是年龄（每10年增加）（OR=1.79）、目前吸烟（OR=1.76）、高血压（OR=1.57）、吸烟（OR=1.53）、糖尿病（OR=1.50）、既往吸烟（OR=1.30）和丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）感染（OR=1.18）。然而，与hiv特异性因素（阿巴卡韦使用、依非韦伦使用、CD4最低点等）没有统计学意义。PLWH的CVD发病率较高，其危险因素包括常规CVD危险因素和HCV感染。迫切需要进行更多高质量的研究，以便更好地了解艾滋病毒进展和药物使用的影响。

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引用次数: 0

Does syndromic surveillance assist public health practice in early detecting respiratory epidemics? Evidence from a wide Italian retrospective experience 综合征监测是否有助于早期发现呼吸道流行病的公共卫生实践？证据来自意大利广泛的回顾性经验。

IF 4.7 3区医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Journal of Infection and Public Health

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102621

Giovanni Corrao , Andrea Stella Bonaugurio , Giorgio Bagarella , Mauro Maistrello , Olivia Leoni , Danilo Cereda , Andrea Gori

Background

Large-scale diagnostic testing has been proven ineffective for prompt monitoring of the spread of COVID-19. Electronic resources may facilitate enhanced early detection of epidemics. Here, we aimed to retrospectively explore whether examining trends in the use of emergency and healthcare services and the Google search engine is useful in detecting Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus outbreaks early compared with the currently used swab-based surveillance system.

Methods

Healthcare Utilization databases of the Italian region of Lombardy and the Google Trends website were used to measure the weekly utilization of emergency and healthcare services and determining the volume of Google searches from 2020 to 2022. Improved Farrington algorithm (IMPF) and Exponentially Weighted Moving Average (EWMA) control chart were both fitted to detect outliers in weekly searches of nine syndromic tracers. AND/OR Boolean operators were tested aimed for joint using tracers and models. Signals that occurred during periods labelled as free from epidemics were used to measure positive predictive values (PPV) and false negative values (FNV) in anticipating the epidemic wave.

Results

Out of the 156 weeks of interest, 70 (45 %) were affected by epidemic waves. Overall, 54 syndromic signals were obtained from any one of the 7 healthcare or Google tracers, generating an outlier from both the EWMA and IMPF models. PPV values of 0.95, 1.00, 0.96 admitting a delay of 0, 1, and 2 weeks, respectively, between signal and epidemic wave. The values of FNP ranged from 0.19 to 0.21.

Conclusions

High predictive power for anticipating COVID-19 epidemic waves, even two weeks ahead of the official reports, was obtained from electronic syndromic tracers of healthcare-seeking trends and Google search engine use. Following verification via a prospective approach, public health organizations are encouraged to take advantage of this free forecasting system to anticipate and effectively manage respiratory outbreaks.

背景：大规模诊断检测已被证明无法及时监测COVID-19的传播。电子资源可促进加强对流行病的早期发现。在这里，我们旨在回顾性探讨与目前使用的基于拭子的监测系统相比，检查紧急和医疗服务的使用趋势以及谷歌搜索引擎是否有助于早期发现严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒爆发。方法：利用意大利伦巴第地区的医疗保健利用数据库和谷歌趋势网站，测量2020年至2022年急诊和医疗保健服务的每周利用情况，并确定谷歌的搜索量。采用改进的Farrington算法（IMPF）和指数加权移动平均（EWMA）控制图拟合检测9种综合征示踪剂每周搜索中的异常值。使用示踪剂和模型对布尔运算符进行了与/或测试。在标记为无流行病的时期发生的信号用于测量预测流行病波的阳性预测值（PPV）和假阴性值（FNV）。结果：156 周中，70例（45 %）受流行波影响。总的来说，从7种医疗保健或谷歌示踪剂中的任何一种都获得了54个综合征信号，从EWMA和IMPF模型中产生了异常值。PPV值分别为0.95、1.00、0.96，表明信号与流行波之间存在0、1、2周的延迟。FNP取值范围为0.19 ~ 0.21。结论：从医疗保健趋势和谷歌搜索引擎使用情况的电子综合征追踪器中获得了预测COVID-19流行波的高预测能力，甚至比官方报告提前两周。通过前瞻性方法进行验证后，鼓励公共卫生组织利用这一免费预测系统来预测和有效管理呼吸道疫情。

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引用次数: 0

Progress on HIV and other sexually transmitted infections elimination among youth and adults across BRICS-plus countries: Results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 《2021年全球疾病负担研究》的结果：金砖五国青少年和成人消除艾滋病毒和其他性传播感染的进展

IF 4.7 3区医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Journal of Infection and Public Health

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102625

Rizhen Wang , Yinuo Sun , Huan Wang , Xiaoran Yu , JiYan Ma , Zuokun Liu , Jing Li , Zhiyong Zou , Yangmu Huang

Background

Global strategies aim to eradicate HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs) by 2030. We aim to assess HIV and other STIs morbidity trends from 1992 to 2021 across BRICS-plus (Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa, Egypt, Ethiopia, Iran, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates), which accounts for nearly half of the world population.

Methods

HIV and other STIs morbidity estimates were derived from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. We derived percentage changes to evaluate the progress towards HIV 2020 milestones and annualised rate of change to determine the progress needed to achieve 2030 targets. We used age-period-cohort (APC) model to estimate period (cohort) relative risks for both disease areas.

Results

Around 46 % of global incident cases attributed to HIV and other STIs were found in BRICS-plus countries, exceeding the combined totals of North American countries. The HIV new cases in BRICS-plus declined by 8.2 % between 2010 and 2020. No countries within BRICS-plus achieved a target of a 75 % decrease in HIV new cases in 2020 or 2021, but India (-41.7 %), Ethiopia (-34.4 %), China (-29.7 %), and South Africa (-11.7 %) showed reductions. Individuals aged 15–24 years (-32·9 %) had a decline for HIV new cases, while individuals aged ≥ 25 years plateaued. There were evident period risks of morbidity for HIV in Russia and Iran since 2012 and for syphilis and gonorrhea in Brazil since 2012. Younger generations had a higher risk of contracting HIV in Brazil, China, Egypt, Iran, and Russia, and other STIs in Brazil, India, Iran, and South Africa, particularly genital herpes.

Conclusion

BRICS-plus was still far from reaching the global 2030 targets for both disease areas. Adults aged ≥ 25 years have little progress in HIV new cases, and youth and adults in other STIs.

背景：全球战略旨在到2030年根除艾滋病毒和其他性传播感染（STIs）。我们的目标是评估1992年至2021年金砖四国（巴西、俄罗斯、印度、中国、南非、埃及、埃塞俄比亚、伊朗、沙特阿拉伯和阿拉伯联合酋长国）的艾滋病毒和其他性传播疾病发病率趋势，这些国家占世界人口的近一半。方法：艾滋病毒和其他性传播感染的发病率估计来自2021年全球疾病负担研究。我们得出百分比变化来评估实现2020年艾滋病毒里程碑的进展情况，并得出年化变化率来确定实现2030年目标所需的进展情况。我们使用年龄-时期-队列（APC）模型来估计两种疾病区域的时期（队列）相对风险。结果：全球约46%（ ）归因于艾滋病毒和其他性传播感染的病例发生在金砖四国以上国家，超过了北美国家的总和。2010年至2020年，金砖四国新增艾滋病病例下降了8.2% %。金砖四国+中没有一个国家实现2020年或2021年艾滋病毒新发病例减少75% %的目标，但印度（-41.7 %）、埃塞俄比亚（-34.4 %）、中国（-29.7 %）和南非（-11.7 %）出现了减少。15-24岁人群HIV新发病例呈下降趋势（- 32.9 %），而≥ 25岁人群HIV新发病例趋于稳定。自2012年以来，俄罗斯和伊朗的艾滋病毒发病率和巴西的梅毒和淋病发病率存在明显的时期风险。年轻一代在巴西、中国、埃及、伊朗和俄罗斯感染艾滋病毒的风险更高，在巴西、印度、伊朗和南非感染其他性传播疾病的风险更高，尤其是生殖器疱疹。结论：“金砖+”在这两个疾病领域仍远未达到2030年全球目标。年龄≥ 25岁的成年人在艾滋病毒新发病例方面进展甚微，青年和成人在其他性传播感染方面进展甚微。

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引用次数: 0

Understanding and addressing the global impact: A systematic review and cross-sectional bibliometric analysis of Langya henipavirus and pre-existing severe henipaviruses 理解和解决全球影响：对朗雅亨尼帕病毒和先前存在的严重亨尼帕病毒的系统回顾和横断面文献计量学分析。

IF 4.7 3区医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Journal of Infection and Public Health

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102631

Jian-Di Li , Yu-Qing Liu , Rong-Quan He , Zhi-Guang Huang , Wan-Ying Huang , Hong Huang , Zhi-Hong Liu , Gang Chen

In 2022, Langya henipavirus was identified in patients with fever in eastern China. This study provides an overview of the scientific landscape, highlights research focus areas, and outlines potential future investigations. The relevant scientific literature was systematically searched and reviewed via advanced bibliometric techniques. Over the past two decades, henipavirus research has increased at an annual rate of 8.82 %. The United States leads in research output, with the Australian Animal Health Laboratory as the top institution. Most articles are published in the Journal of Virology, identified as the most influential journal along with researcher Wang LF. Current research focuses on “zoonosis,” “vaccine,” and “pathogenesis,” whereas future areas may include “molecular docking,” “immunoinformatics,” “climate change,” “antibodies,” “vaccines,” “glycoprotein,” and “ephrin-b2.” This study details henipavirus research, highlighting key players, trends, and future directions. These insights will guide future efforts to address the risks posed by novel Henipaviruses, such as Langya.

2022年，中国东部地区在发热患者中发现狼牙亨尼帕病毒。本研究概述了科学景观，突出了研究重点领域，并概述了潜在的未来调查。通过先进的文献计量学技术系统地检索和审查了相关的科学文献。在过去的二十年里，对亨尼帕病毒的研究以每年8.82 %的速度增长。美国在研究产出方面处于领先地位，其中澳大利亚动物健康实验室（Australian Animal Health Laboratory）位居榜首。大多数文章发表在《病毒学杂志》上，该杂志与王丽芬研究员一起被评为最具影响力的期刊。目前的研究重点是“人畜共患病”、“疫苗”和“发病机制”，而未来的研究领域可能包括“分子对接”、“免疫信息学”、“气候变化”、“抗体”、“疫苗”、“糖蛋白”和“ephrin-b2”。本研究详细介绍了亨尼帕病毒的研究，强调了主要参与者、趋势和未来方向。这些见解将指导未来应对新型亨尼帕病毒（如琅琊病毒）带来的风险的努力。

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引用次数: 0

Non-carbapenem-producing carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa in children: Risk factors, molecular epidemiology, and resistance mechanism 非碳青霉烯产生耐碳青霉烯儿童绿脓杆菌：危险因素，分子流行病学和耐药机制。

IF 4.7 3区医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Journal of Infection and Public Health

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102634

Lijun Yin , Lu Lu , Leiyan He , Gangfeng Yan , Guoping Lu , Xiaowen Zhai , Chuanqing Wang

Background

The investigation into risk factors, molecular epidemiology, and resistance mechanisms of carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA) in pediatric populations in China is currently inadequate.

Methods

To assess epidemiology, molecular characteristics, and resistance mechanisms, virulence-associated genes were analyzed, alongside multi locus sequence typing (MLST), PCR, and qRT-PCR.

Finding

Multivariate analysis identified prolonged hospitalization (OR: 1.026; 95 % CI: 1.004–1.049; P = 0.023) and increased exposure to enzyme inhibitor complex preparations (OR: 3.165; 95 % confidence interval [CI]: 1.113–8.999; P = 0.031) as independent risk factors for CRPA healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). Mortality rates were significantly higher in the HAI group compared to the non-HAI group (19.1 % vs. 6.0 %, P = 0.021). Analysis of virulence-associated gene combinations revealed 10 and 15 distinct profiles among HAI and non-HAI isolates, respectively, characterized by exoS−/exoU+ or exoS+ /exoU− genotypes, with no isolates exhibiting both exoS+ and exoU+ genotypes concurrently.

Infections predominantly correlated with CC244, with a significantly greater occurrence in the HAI group (72.1 % vs. 46.3 %, P = 0.002). Antimicrobial susceptibility testing identified that both CC244 + and HAI isolates demonstrated elevated resistance across all tested antibiotics. Furthermore, low oprD expression was observed in 77.9 % of HAI isolates and 67.2 % of non-HAI isolates, while increased ampC production and mexB gene overexpression were infrequently detected (all P > 0.05).

Conclusions

Prolonged hospital stays and an increased exposure to enzyme–inhibitor complex therapies were identified as independent risk factors for CRPA HAIs. CRPA demonstrated considerable genetic diversity, with STs predominantly represented by CC244, and virulence-associated genes have spread. The primary mechanism driving carbapenem resistance involved the downregulation of outer membrane porin protein oprD, accompanied by oprD mutation inactivation.

背景：目前，对中国儿科耐碳青霉烯类假单胞菌（CRPA）的风险因素、分子流行病学和耐药机制的研究尚不充分：目前对中国儿科耐碳青霉烯类铜绿假单胞菌（CRPA）的风险因素、分子流行病学和耐药机制的研究尚不充分：方法：为了评估流行病学、分子特征和耐药机制，分析了与毒力相关的基因，以及多位点序列分型（MLST）、PCR 和 qRT-PCR：多变量分析发现，长期住院（OR：1.026；95% 置信区间 [CI]：1.004-1.049；P = 0.023）和更多接触酶抑制剂复合制剂（OR：3.165；95% 置信区间 [CI]：1.113-8.999；P = 0.031）是 CRPA 医疗相关感染 (HAI) 的独立风险因素。与非 HAI 组相比，HAI 组的死亡率明显更高（19.1% 对 6.0%，P = 0.021）。对毒力相关基因组合的分析表明，HAI 和非 HAI 分离物中分别有 10 和 15 个不同的基因型，其特征为 exoS-/exoU+ 或 exoS+ /exoU- 基因型，没有分离物同时表现出 exoS+ 和 exoU+ 基因型。感染主要与 CC244 相关，HAI 组的感染率明显更高（72.1% 对 46.3%，P = 0.002）。抗菌药物敏感性测试发现，CC244 + 和 HAI 分离物对所有测试抗生素的耐药性都很高。此外，在 77.9% 的 HAI 分离物和 67.2% 的非 HAI 分离物中观察到了低 oprD 表达，而 ampC 产量增加和 mexB 基因过度表达的情况很少被检测到（所有 P > 0.05）：结论：延长住院时间和更多接触酶抑制剂复合疗法被认为是 CRPA HAIs 的独立风险因素。CRPA表现出相当大的遗传多样性，ST主要以CC244为代表，毒力相关基因已经扩散。驱动碳青霉烯耐药性的主要机制涉及外膜孔蛋白oprD的下调，以及oprD突变失活。

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引用次数: 0

Dynamics and diversity of vaginal microbiota in bacterial vaginosis among Thai patients treated with metronidazole 泰国接受甲硝唑治疗的细菌性阴道病患者阴道微生物群的动态和多样性。

IF 4.7 3区医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Journal of Infection and Public Health

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102646

Auttawit Sirichoat , Pranom Buppasiri , Kiatichai Faksri , Viraphong Lulitanond

Background

Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a significant global public health issue due to its high recurrence rate and association with various adverse health effects. Understanding the composition and dynamics of the vaginal microbiota (VMB) is essential for better understanding of vaginal health and for developing effective strategies to improve BV management. The study aimed to determine the composition and diversity of the VMB in Thai women with BV before and after metronidazole (MTZ) treatment, and in healthy women.

Methods

Vaginal samples were collected from 20 women with BV (each sampled at three time points: pre-MTZ treatment, post-MTZ treatment and follow-up) and from 20 healthy women (each sampled once). The VMB was analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing via next-generation sequencing on the Ion Torrent PGM platform.

Results

The VMB in Thai women with BV was predominantly composed of Gardnerella, Prevotella and Fannyhessea (formerly Atopobium), while Lactobacillus dominated in healthy controls. Women with BV exhibited greater bacterial diversity and higher prevalence of anaerobic species compared to healthy women. There was higher diversity and abundance in the VMB from pre-MTZ samples, while post-MTZ and follow-up samples displayed lower diversity. In the follow-up stage, the VMB was divided into two subgroups: the larger cured subgroup, which shifted towards a Lactobacillus-dominated composition resembling healthy controls, and the small treatment-failure subgroup, which exhibited a Gardnerella-dominated profile similar to pre-MTZ.

Conclusions

This study provides valuable insights into the structure and dynamics of the VMB in Thai women with BV before and after treatment, offering potential markers for predicting treatment outcomes.

背景：细菌性阴道病（BV）因其高复发率和与各种不良健康影响相关而成为一个重要的全球公共卫生问题。了解阴道微生物群（VMB）的组成和动态对于更好地了解阴道健康和制定有效的策略来改善阴道菌群管理至关重要。该研究旨在确定泰国BV妇女在甲硝唑（MTZ）治疗前后和健康妇女中VMB的组成和多样性。方法：采集20例BV女性（分别在mtz治疗前、mtz治疗后和随访三个时间点取样）和20例健康女性（各取样1次）的阴道样本。在Ion Torrent PGM平台上采用下一代测序技术对VMB进行16S rRNA基因测序。结果：泰国BV女性的VMB主要由加德纳菌、普雷沃氏菌和范尼赫菌（原托托菌）组成，而健康对照组以乳杆菌为主。与健康妇女相比，患有细菌性阴道炎的妇女表现出更大的细菌多样性和更高的厌氧物种患病率。mtz前样品的VMB多样性和丰度较高，而mtz后和后续样品的多样性较低。在随访阶段，VMB被分为两个亚组：较大的治愈亚组，转向以乳酸杆菌为主的组成，类似于健康对照；较小的治疗失败亚组，表现出以加德纳菌为主的特征，类似于mtz前。结论：本研究对泰国BV女性治疗前后VMB的结构和动态提供了有价值的见解，为预测治疗结果提供了潜在的标志物。

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引用次数: 0