We achieved 0.1397 dB/km at 1566 nm and 0.1406 dB/km at 1550 nm on a silica-core single-mode fiber. Both of them were 2 mdB/km lower than the previously recorded low-loss fiber in 2017. The improvement of the transmission losses was realized by the reduction of Rayleigh scattering loss. We estimated the system performance using the fiber figure of merit theory, and it was shown that the number of repeaters could be reduced by 2% compared to the previously recorded low-loss fiber. This ultra-low loss fiber is expected to improve the submarine transmission system more cost- and power- efficient.
{"title":"Silica-Core Single-Mode Fiber With Lowest Loss of 0.1397 dB/km","authors":"Shin Sato;Yuki Kawaguchi;Hirotaka Sakuma;Tetsuya Haruna;Takemi Hasegawa","doi":"10.1109/JLT.2025.3527933","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2025.3527933","url":null,"abstract":"We achieved 0.1397 dB/km at 1566 nm and 0.1406 dB/km at 1550 nm on a silica-core single-mode fiber. Both of them were 2 mdB/km lower than the previously recorded low-loss fiber in 2017. The improvement of the transmission losses was realized by the reduction of Rayleigh scattering loss. We estimated the system performance using the fiber figure of merit theory, and it was shown that the number of repeaters could be reduced by 2% compared to the previously recorded low-loss fiber. This ultra-low loss fiber is expected to improve the submarine transmission system more cost- and power- efficient.","PeriodicalId":16144,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Lightwave Technology","volume":"43 4","pages":"1837-1842"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143438526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Conventional cross-correlation is commonly used in the estimation of the spectral shift for optical frequency-domain reflectometry (OFDR) based distributed sensing. However, the potential errors in cases of relatively large shifts have severely limited the sensing dynamic range. We report a modified longest common substring algorithm that exploits two-dimensional image processing for more accurate shift estimation. Theoretical study for the conventional cross-correlation is conducted, which reveals quantitatively the underlying mechanism for the emergence of the correlation errors. By adopting the relative error function as the similarity function in connection with the binarization and normalized projection, it allows for a reduction for the possibility of large estimation error in a two-dimensional image processing manner, leading to a substantial improvement in the sensing range. Experimental demonstrations have verified a remarkable enhancement of about 18.7 times in strain sensing range, which accounts for ∼56.2% of the effective sweep range. The proposed algorithm not only permits opportunities in OFDR based distributed sensing, but also promises enhanced fidelity for applications where cross-correlation is concerned.
{"title":"Distributed Strain Sensing Based on Sensing Range Enhanced Optical Frequency Domain Reflectometry by Modified Longest Common Substring Algorithm","authors":"Xiang Zheng;Weilin Xie;Qiang Yang;Jiang Yang;Congfan Wang;Xin Li;Kaiyue Tan;Wei Wei;Yi Dong","doi":"10.1109/JLT.2025.3526937","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2025.3526937","url":null,"abstract":"Conventional cross-correlation is commonly used in the estimation of the spectral shift for optical frequency-domain reflectometry (OFDR) based distributed sensing. However, the potential errors in cases of relatively large shifts have severely limited the sensing dynamic range. We report a modified longest common substring algorithm that exploits two-dimensional image processing for more accurate shift estimation. Theoretical study for the conventional cross-correlation is conducted, which reveals quantitatively the underlying mechanism for the emergence of the correlation errors. By adopting the relative error function as the similarity function in connection with the binarization and normalized projection, it allows for a reduction for the possibility of large estimation error in a two-dimensional image processing manner, leading to a substantial improvement in the sensing range. Experimental demonstrations have verified a remarkable enhancement of about 18.7 times in strain sensing range, which accounts for ∼56.2% of the effective sweep range. The proposed algorithm not only permits opportunities in OFDR based distributed sensing, but also promises enhanced fidelity for applications where cross-correlation is concerned.","PeriodicalId":16144,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Lightwave Technology","volume":"43 4","pages":"1952-1961"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143438436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Analog multiplexer (AMUX) integrated circuits (ICs) expand the analog electrical bandwidth of transmitter frontends, enabling signal generation at ultrahigh symbol rates. In this work, we employ a SiGe AMUX which adopts a circuit topology optimized for signal linearity, supporting high-order modulation formats, such as multilevel pulse amplitude modulation (PAM). We discuss in detail the circuit design of the AMUX, including its AMUX core, clock path and output amplifier. We compare two circuit topologies with respect to power consumption, circuit complexity, clock strength and input-to-output linearity. We also perform theoretical analysis of signal impairments induced by misalignments between AMUX inputs to understand their impact on the integrity of the interleaved signal. Using this high-performance SiGe AMUX to drive an optical intensity modulator, we experimentally demonstrate generation and 2 km fiber transmission of different orders of PAM, up to PAM-8 at 176 GBd yielding a net bitrate of 467 Gbit/s.
{"title":"High-Performance SiGe Analog Multiplexer Enabling 176 GBd PAM-8 Transmission","authors":"Qian Hu;Markus Grözing;Tobias Tannert;Robert Borkowski;Fred Buchali;Pat Iannone;Gregory Raybon;Xi Chen;Georg Rademacher;Roland Ryf","doi":"10.1109/JLT.2025.3527328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2025.3527328","url":null,"abstract":"Analog multiplexer (AMUX) integrated circuits (ICs) expand the analog electrical bandwidth of transmitter frontends, enabling signal generation at ultrahigh symbol rates. In this work, we employ a SiGe AMUX which adopts a circuit topology optimized for signal linearity, supporting high-order modulation formats, such as multilevel pulse amplitude modulation (PAM). We discuss in detail the circuit design of the AMUX, including its AMUX core, clock path and output amplifier. We compare two circuit topologies with respect to power consumption, circuit complexity, clock strength and input-to-output linearity. We also perform theoretical analysis of signal impairments induced by misalignments between AMUX inputs to understand their impact on the integrity of the interleaved signal. Using this high-performance SiGe AMUX to drive an optical intensity modulator, we experimentally demonstrate generation and 2 km fiber transmission of different orders of PAM, up to PAM-8 at 176 GBd yielding a net bitrate of 467 Gbit/s.","PeriodicalId":16144,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Lightwave Technology","volume":"43 4","pages":"1881-1892"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10834309","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143438460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The recent AI boom requires more focus on energy-efficient and scalable optical interconnects. Silicon Photonics is enabling technology to satisfy growing demand. However, the lack of lasers and high-performance modulators hinders wide-scale adoption. Therefore, we present a heterogeneously integrated Indium Phosphide electro-absorption modulator with Silicon waveguides. We demonstrate up to 256 Gb/s on-off keying, 340 Gb/s 4-level pulse amplitude modulation, 375 Gb/s 6-level pulse amplitude modulation, and 360 Gb/s 8-level pulse amplitude modulation transmission over 500 m and 6 km of single-mode fiber with performance satisfying requirements of 6.25% overhead hard-decision forward error correction threshold of 4.5×10−3. Additionally, we investigate the modulator at 200 Gb/s per lane scenarios, demonstrating excellent performance with a simple seven-tap feed-forward equalizer.
{"title":"Heterogeneously Integrated InP Electro-Absorption Modulator for Beyond 300 Gb/s Optical Links","authors":"Armands Ostrovskis;Krzysztof Szczerba;Toms Salgals;Erik Norberg;Michael Koenigsmann;John Sonkoly;Kristaps Rubuls;Han Yun;Benjamin Krüger;Molly Piels;Arvids Sedulis;Fabio Pittalà;Sandis Spolitis;Markus Gruen;Hadrien Louchet;Robert Jahn;Kazuo Yamaguchi;Vjaceslavs Bobrovs;Xiaodan Pang;Robert Guzzon;Oskars Ozolins","doi":"10.1109/JLT.2025.3526822","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2025.3526822","url":null,"abstract":"The recent AI boom requires more focus on energy-efficient and scalable optical interconnects. Silicon Photonics is enabling technology to satisfy growing demand. However, the lack of lasers and high-performance modulators hinders wide-scale adoption. Therefore, we present a heterogeneously integrated Indium Phosphide electro-absorption modulator with Silicon waveguides. We demonstrate up to 256 Gb/s on-off keying, 340 Gb/s 4-level pulse amplitude modulation, 375 Gb/s 6-level pulse amplitude modulation, and 360 Gb/s 8-level pulse amplitude modulation transmission over 500 m and 6 km of single-mode fiber with performance satisfying requirements of 6.25% overhead hard-decision forward error correction threshold of 4.5×10<sup>−3</sup>. Additionally, we investigate the modulator at 200 Gb/s per lane scenarios, demonstrating excellent performance with a simple seven-tap feed-forward equalizer.","PeriodicalId":16144,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Lightwave Technology","volume":"43 4","pages":"1826-1836"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143438439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To increase the transmission capacity in optical transport networks, multi-band (MB) wavelength-division multiplexing transmission technology is an attractive solution. A band-switchable MB optical cross-connect (BS-OXC) enables not only the output port but also the output wavelength band of the input signals to be switched. This feature contributes to flexible upgrading to MB networks and effective use of expanded wavelength resources. A key device of the BS-OXC is an all-optical inter-band wavelength converter (AO-WC) based on nonlinear optical effects. To fully bring out the benefits of the BS-OXC, the low penalty with the passage of the AO-WCs, i.e., cascadability, is important. This paper introduces our works on a BS-OXC with AO-WCs based on periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN) waveguides that provide wideband and high-efficiency wavelength conversion. We also review a recent experimental demonstration for the high cascadability of PPLN-based AO-WCs. Furthermore, we report a feasibility demonstration of the BS-OXC in a C-band and C+L-band hybrid network as an early stage of upgrading to the MB network.
{"title":"Band-Switchable Multi-Band Optical Cross-Connect Using PPLN-Based All-Optical Inter-Band Wavelength Converters","authors":"Haruka Minami;Takafumi Fukatani;Masahiro Nakagawa;Takeshi Seki;Shimpei Shimizu;Takayuki Kobayashi;Takushi Kazama;Koji Enbutsu;Takeshi Umeki;Rie Hayashi;Takeshi Kuwahara","doi":"10.1109/JLT.2024.3522314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2024.3522314","url":null,"abstract":"To increase the transmission capacity in optical transport networks, multi-band (MB) wavelength-division multiplexing transmission technology is an attractive solution. A band-switchable MB optical cross-connect (BS-OXC) enables not only the output port but also the output wavelength band of the input signals to be switched. This feature contributes to flexible upgrading to MB networks and effective use of expanded wavelength resources. A key device of the BS-OXC is an all-optical inter-band wavelength converter (AO-WC) based on nonlinear optical effects. To fully bring out the benefits of the BS-OXC, the low penalty with the passage of the AO-WCs, i.e., cascadability, is important. This paper introduces our works on a BS-OXC with AO-WCs based on periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN) waveguides that provide wideband and high-efficiency wavelength conversion. We also review a recent experimental demonstration for the high cascadability of PPLN-based AO-WCs. Furthermore, we report a feasibility demonstration of the BS-OXC in a C-band and C+L-band hybrid network as an early stage of upgrading to the MB network.","PeriodicalId":16144,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Lightwave Technology","volume":"43 4","pages":"1725-1735"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10815594","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143430527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-25DOI: 10.1109/JLT.2024.3521642
Mohammad Taha Askari;Lutz Lampe
Optimizing the input probability distribution of a discrete-time channel is a standard step in the information-theoretic analysis of digital communication systems. Nevertheless, many practical communication systems use transmission based on uniformly and independently distributed symbols drawn from regular constellation sets. The introduction of the probabilistic amplitude shaping architecture has helped to renew interest in using optimized probability distributions, i.e., probabilistic shaping. Traditionally, probabilistic shaping has been employed to reduce the transmit power required for a given information rate over additive noise channels. While this translates into substantive performance gains for optical fiber communication systems, the interaction of shaping and fiber nonlinearity has posed intriguing questions. At first glance, probabilistic shaping seems to exacerbate nonlinear interference noise (NLIN) due to larger higher-order standardized moments. Therefore, the optimization of shaping distributions must differ from those used for linear channels. Secondly, finite-length effects related to the memory of the nonlinear fiber channel have been observed. This suggests that not only the marginal input-symbol distribution should be looked at. In this paper, we provide a tutorial-style discussion of probabilistic shaping for optical fiber communication. Since the distinguishing property of the channel is the signal-dependent NLIN, we speak of probabilistic shaping for nonlinearity tolerance. Our analysis builds on the first-order time-domain perturbation approximation of the nonlinear fiber channel and revisits the notion of linear and nonlinear shaping gain. We largely focus on probabilistic amplitude shaping with popular types of shaping methods, and examine a linear filter model to explain several phenomena associated with probabilistic shaping for fiber nonlinearity, including the interaction between carrier phase recovery and fiber nonlinearity. The concept of shaping via sequence selection is given special consideration, as it inherently optimizes a multi-variate distribution for shaped constellations. We explore how using sign bits for sequence selection offers benefits beyond amplitude shaping, and we introduce a sign-dependent selection metric based on the perturbation model.
{"title":"Probabilistic Shaping for Nonlinearity Tolerance","authors":"Mohammad Taha Askari;Lutz Lampe","doi":"10.1109/JLT.2024.3521642","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2024.3521642","url":null,"abstract":"Optimizing the input probability distribution of a discrete-time channel is a standard step in the information-theoretic analysis of digital communication systems. Nevertheless, many practical communication systems use transmission based on uniformly and independently distributed symbols drawn from regular constellation sets. The introduction of the probabilistic amplitude shaping architecture has helped to renew interest in using optimized probability distributions, i.e., probabilistic shaping. Traditionally, probabilistic shaping has been employed to reduce the transmit power required for a given information rate over additive noise channels. While this translates into substantive performance gains for optical fiber communication systems, the interaction of shaping and fiber nonlinearity has posed intriguing questions. At first glance, probabilistic shaping seems to exacerbate nonlinear interference noise (NLIN) due to larger higher-order standardized moments. Therefore, the optimization of shaping distributions must differ from those used for linear channels. Secondly, finite-length effects related to the memory of the nonlinear fiber channel have been observed. This suggests that not only the marginal input-symbol distribution should be looked at. In this paper, we provide a tutorial-style discussion of probabilistic shaping for optical fiber communication. Since the distinguishing property of the channel is the signal-dependent NLIN, we speak of probabilistic shaping for nonlinearity tolerance. Our analysis builds on the first-order time-domain perturbation approximation of the nonlinear fiber channel and revisits the notion of linear and nonlinear shaping gain. We largely focus on probabilistic amplitude shaping with popular types of shaping methods, and examine a linear filter model to explain several phenomena associated with probabilistic shaping for fiber nonlinearity, including the interaction between carrier phase recovery and fiber nonlinearity. The concept of shaping via sequence selection is given special consideration, as it inherently optimizes a multi-variate distribution for shaped constellations. We explore how using sign bits for sequence selection offers benefits beyond amplitude shaping, and we introduce a sign-dependent selection metric based on the perturbation model.","PeriodicalId":16144,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Lightwave Technology","volume":"43 4","pages":"1565-1580"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143430463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-24DOI: 10.1109/JLT.2024.3522039
Stephen Misak;Aaron Wissing;Jinsong Zhang;Zixian Wei;Junqian Liu;Hector Andrade;Aaron Maharry;Giovanni Gilardi;Ranjeet Kumar;Guan-Lin Su;James F. Buckwalter;Adel A. M. Saleh;Larry Coldren;David V. Plant;Clint L. Schow
We report a net 400 Gbps/$lambda$ O-band, dual-polarization, intradyne coherent link using silicon photonic (SiP) transmitter and receiver photonic integrated circuits (PIC) with heterogeneously integrated lasers and semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOA). Operation below the 15.3% overhead 2×10$^{-2}$ open forward error correction (O-FEC) threshold was achieved for 60 Gbaud 16QAM over 2 km and 100 Gbaud QPSK over 10 km without external optical amplification. These results demonstrate the potential for implementing SiP PICs with integrated lasers and SOAs in future short-reach coherent links.
{"title":"400 Gbps/$lambda$ O-Band Coherent Link Using SiP TX and RX PICs With Heterogeneously Integrated Lasers and SOAs","authors":"Stephen Misak;Aaron Wissing;Jinsong Zhang;Zixian Wei;Junqian Liu;Hector Andrade;Aaron Maharry;Giovanni Gilardi;Ranjeet Kumar;Guan-Lin Su;James F. Buckwalter;Adel A. M. Saleh;Larry Coldren;David V. Plant;Clint L. Schow","doi":"10.1109/JLT.2024.3522039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2024.3522039","url":null,"abstract":"We report a net 400 Gbps/<inline-formula><tex-math>$lambda$</tex-math></inline-formula> O-band, dual-polarization, intradyne coherent link using silicon photonic (SiP) transmitter and receiver photonic integrated circuits (PIC) with heterogeneously integrated lasers and semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOA). Operation below the 15.3% overhead 2×10<inline-formula><tex-math>$^{-2}$</tex-math></inline-formula> open forward error correction (O-FEC) threshold was achieved for 60 Gbaud 16QAM over 2 km and 100 Gbaud QPSK over 10 km without external optical amplification. These results demonstrate the potential for implementing SiP PICs with integrated lasers and SOAs in future short-reach coherent links.","PeriodicalId":16144,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Lightwave Technology","volume":"43 4","pages":"1806-1812"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143438523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-23DOI: 10.1109/JLT.2024.3520900
Dan Sadot;Ido Attia;Ohad Balasiano;Isaac Jonas;Yarden Yalinevich;Gil Alin;Elimelech Keller;Hamutal Shalom;Eyal Wohlgemuth
The capability to form a photonic shield by using a unique all-optical transmission scheme incorporating multi-THz coherent spreading, spectral phase encoding (SPE), and negative optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) completely prevents offline deciphering of captured data-in-transit. This photonic shield scheme provides an ultimate solution to the “harvest-now, decrypt later” threat by eliminating unauthorised recording. Thus, no raw data is available for any post-processing, including by quantum computers. Both the full line rate payload and the asymmetric key exchange, are transmitted through the secured channel. This work presents an industry-level demonstration, including real-time client data transmission and seamlessly continuously changing spectral phase encoding (SPE) photonic keys. A 100 Gbps DP-QPSK signal and a 200 Gbps DP-16QAM link are established over 80 km of standard single mode fiber (SSMF).
{"title":"Photonic Layer Security in High-Speed Optical Communications","authors":"Dan Sadot;Ido Attia;Ohad Balasiano;Isaac Jonas;Yarden Yalinevich;Gil Alin;Elimelech Keller;Hamutal Shalom;Eyal Wohlgemuth","doi":"10.1109/JLT.2024.3520900","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2024.3520900","url":null,"abstract":"The capability to form a photonic shield by using a unique all-optical transmission scheme incorporating multi-THz coherent spreading, spectral phase encoding (SPE), and negative optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) completely prevents offline deciphering of captured data-in-transit. This photonic shield scheme provides an ultimate solution to the “harvest-now, decrypt later” threat by eliminating unauthorised recording. Thus, no raw data is available for any post-processing, including by quantum computers. Both the full line rate payload and the asymmetric key exchange, are transmitted through the secured channel. This work presents an industry-level demonstration, including real-time client data transmission and seamlessly continuously changing spectral phase encoding (SPE) photonic keys. A 100 Gbps DP-QPSK signal and a 200 Gbps DP-16QAM link are established over 80 km of standard single mode fiber (SSMF).","PeriodicalId":16144,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Lightwave Technology","volume":"43 4","pages":"1671-1677"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10812060","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143430497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-23DOI: 10.1109/JLT.2024.3521233
Jiaqian Yang;Henrique Buglia;Mindaugas Jarmolovičius;Romulo Aparecido;Eric Sillekens;Ronit Sohanpal;Mingming Tan;Dini Pratiwi;Ruben S. Luis;Benjamin J. Puttnam;Yuta Wakayama;Ralf Stolte;Wladek Forysiak;Polina Bayvel;Robert I. Killey
A 223 km unrepeatered link transmission is experimentally demonstrated, transmitting 490 polarisation-division multiplexed channels with adaptively optimised geometrically-shaped constellation quadrature amplitude modulation signals. The transmission band covered nearly the entire S-, C-, and L-bands, spanning 121 nm (15.6 THz) of optical bandwidth. Lumped Thulium- and Erbium-doped fibre amplifiers were used for amplification, and bidirectional distributed Raman amplification, together with pre-emphasis of signal launch power spectrum, were used to mitigate the interchannel stimulated Raman scattering (ISRS) effect. The signal power pre-emphasis and the powers of the Raman pumps were experimentally optimised with a differential evolution algorithm to improve the received signal-to-noise ratio and the throughput. The closed-form ISRS Gaussian noise model was used to support and explain the experimental results: it accurately reproduces the evolution of the signal spectral power and estimates the contributions of nonlinear interference noise and amplified spontaneous emission noise in the unrepeatered link. The combined use of the hybrid amplification scheme, adaptive constellation shaping, and system optimisation techniques resulted in a total throughput of 122.62 Tb/s, from the generalised mutual information (113.95 Tb/s after decoding), achieving the highest throughput to date for unrepeatered links over 200 km.
{"title":"122.6 Tb/s S+C+L Band Unrepeatered Transmission Over 223 km Link With Optimized Bidirectional Raman Amplification","authors":"Jiaqian Yang;Henrique Buglia;Mindaugas Jarmolovičius;Romulo Aparecido;Eric Sillekens;Ronit Sohanpal;Mingming Tan;Dini Pratiwi;Ruben S. Luis;Benjamin J. Puttnam;Yuta Wakayama;Ralf Stolte;Wladek Forysiak;Polina Bayvel;Robert I. Killey","doi":"10.1109/JLT.2024.3521233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2024.3521233","url":null,"abstract":"A 223 km unrepeatered link transmission is experimentally demonstrated, transmitting 490 polarisation-division multiplexed channels with adaptively optimised geometrically-shaped constellation quadrature amplitude modulation signals. The transmission band covered nearly the entire S-, C-, and L-bands, spanning 121 nm (15.6 THz) of optical bandwidth. Lumped Thulium- and Erbium-doped fibre amplifiers were used for amplification, and bidirectional distributed Raman amplification, together with pre-emphasis of signal launch power spectrum, were used to mitigate the interchannel stimulated Raman scattering (ISRS) effect. The signal power pre-emphasis and the powers of the Raman pumps were experimentally optimised with a differential evolution algorithm to improve the received signal-to-noise ratio and the throughput. The closed-form ISRS Gaussian noise model was used to support and explain the experimental results: it accurately reproduces the evolution of the signal spectral power and estimates the contributions of nonlinear interference noise and amplified spontaneous emission noise in the unrepeatered link. The combined use of the hybrid amplification scheme, adaptive constellation shaping, and system optimisation techniques resulted in a total throughput of 122.62 Tb/s, from the generalised mutual information (113.95 Tb/s after decoding), achieving the highest throughput to date for unrepeatered links over 200 km.","PeriodicalId":16144,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Lightwave Technology","volume":"43 4","pages":"1893-1901"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10811869","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143438429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-20DOI: 10.1109/JLT.2024.3516232
Magnus Karlsson
{"title":"Editorial: A Message From the Incoming Editor-in-Chief","authors":"Magnus Karlsson","doi":"10.1109/JLT.2024.3516232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2024.3516232","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16144,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Lightwave Technology","volume":"43 1","pages":"4-5"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10811762","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142859362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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