Bio-inspired multi-mode fusion perception systems with in-memory sensing and computing play a major role in artificial intelligence technologies. However, the conductance nonlinearity of the memristor, as the core device, hinders the accurate simulation of multimodal sensing systems. Here, the linearity of the Pt/VOx/TiN memristor is enhanced by an incremental electrical pulse strategy, in which the long-term potentiation/the long-term depression nonlinearity factor is reduced from 4.08/4.17 to 0.69/2.20. So the device successfully simulated synaptic plasticity and the artificial nociceptor functions. Moreover, the multi-mode fusion perception system constructed by pressure and temperature sensors with VOx-based nonvolatile memristor simultaneously, which accurately stimulated the multi-mode sensory behaviors of the human body. Furthermore, a convolutional neural network (CNN) was fabricated with two sensors and one memristor for dealing with pressure and temperature multi-mode signals and a recognition accuracy of 98.25% was achieved. This result demonstrates the potential application of VOx memristor in multimodal fused precision systems.
{"title":"VOx-based nonvolatile memristor with high linearity and synaptic plasticity for multimode-fused perception system","authors":"Pengzhan Wang, Shuai Zhang, Bin Ren, Chenqi Dai, Siqi Chen, Yunhui Chen, Zijun Wang, Sicong Ming, Shanwu Ke, Zihan Zhong, Guangfu Luo, Cong Ye","doi":"10.1016/j.jmst.2026.02.048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2026.02.048","url":null,"abstract":"Bio-inspired multi-mode fusion perception systems with in-memory sensing and computing play a major role in artificial intelligence technologies. However, the conductance nonlinearity of the memristor, as the core device, hinders the accurate simulation of multimodal sensing systems. Here, the linearity of the Pt/VO<em><sub>x</sub></em>/TiN memristor is enhanced by an incremental electrical pulse strategy, in which the long-term potentiation/the long-term depression nonlinearity factor is reduced from 4.08/4.17 to 0.69/2.20. So the device successfully simulated synaptic plasticity and the artificial nociceptor functions. Moreover, the multi-mode fusion perception system constructed by pressure and temperature sensors with VO<em><sub>x</sub></em>-based nonvolatile memristor simultaneously, which accurately stimulated the multi-mode sensory behaviors of the human body. Furthermore, a convolutional neural network (CNN) was fabricated with two sensors and one memristor for dealing with pressure and temperature multi-mode signals and a recognition accuracy of 98.25% was achieved. This result demonstrates the potential application of VO<em><sub>x</sub></em> memristor in multimodal fused precision systems.","PeriodicalId":16154,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science & Technology","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147489787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Room-temperature ferromagnetic semiconductors are highly attractive for spintronic and magneto-optical applications, but the origin of magnetism in hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites remains unresolved. Here we report that Mn doping combined with iodine-vacancy defects produces weak ferromagnetism at 300 K in methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3) perovskites. While pristine MAPbI3 and Mn-doped single crystals are diamagnetic, mechanically ground MAPb0.95Mn0.05I3 powder exhibits a clear ferromagnetic hysteresis loop at 300 K. Photoluminescence, transient absorption, electron spin resonance, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy show that Mn incorporation facilitates formation of iodide vacancies, and that vacancy concentration increases upon grinding. First-principles density functional theory calculations support a model in which Mn ions (∼5 μB) and adjacent iodine vacancies (∼0.7 μB) host local moments that interact cooperatively to produce long-range ferromagnetic order. These results identify a vacancy-mediated route to magnetism in lead-halide perovskites and point to defect engineering as a viable strategy for creating magnetic perovskite materials at room temperature.
{"title":"Vacancy-driven room-temperature ferromagnetism in manganese-doped MAPbI3 perovskites","authors":"Juan Hu, Jianzhao Wang, Xiaolian Liu, Chen Zou, Dexin Yang, Xuefeng Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jmst.2026.02.047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2026.02.047","url":null,"abstract":"Room-temperature ferromagnetic semiconductors are highly attractive for spintronic and magneto-optical applications, but the origin of magnetism in hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites remains unresolved. Here we report that Mn doping combined with iodine-vacancy defects produces weak ferromagnetism at 300 K in methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI<sub>3</sub>) perovskites. While pristine MAPbI<sub>3</sub> and Mn-doped single crystals are diamagnetic, mechanically ground MAPb<sub>0.95</sub>Mn<sub>0.05</sub>I<sub>3</sub> powder exhibits a clear ferromagnetic hysteresis loop at 300 K. Photoluminescence, transient absorption, electron spin resonance, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy show that Mn incorporation facilitates formation of iodide vacancies, and that vacancy concentration increases upon grinding. First-principles density functional theory calculations support a model in which Mn ions (∼5 <em>μ</em><sub>B</sub>) and adjacent iodine vacancies (∼0.7 <em>μ</em><sub>B</sub>) host local moments that interact cooperatively to produce long-range ferromagnetic order. These results identify a vacancy-mediated route to magnetism in lead-halide perovskites and point to defect engineering as a viable strategy for creating magnetic perovskite materials at room temperature.","PeriodicalId":16154,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science & Technology","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147489785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-20DOI: 10.1016/j.jmst.2026.03.027
Min Yao, Han-Ming Zhang, Yuhang Wei, Zhongqi Dong, Junqi Ge, Jinfeng Sun
Developing efficient oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts with high activity and corrosion resistance is crucial for sustainable hydrogen production via water/seawater splitting. Herein, we report a high-entropy layered double hydroxide containing high-valence molybdenum (FeCoNiCuMo-LDH), synthesized via facile one-step electrodeposition. The multiple components modulation and the in-situ leaching of high-valence Mo6+ and re-adsorption of congenetic MoO42− strengthen M-O covalent bonds, activate lattice oxygen, and optimize OH−/*OH adsorption, thereby promoting the lattice oxygen mechanism (LOM). Concurrently, the adsorbed MoO42− creates an electrostatic shield that repels Cl−, inhibiting corrosion and chlorine evolution. Comprehensive in-situ/ex-situ characterizations elucidate this dual regulation of LOM and chlorine repellency, revealing a dynamic structure-activity relationship. Consequently, FeCoNiCuMo-LDH achieves 10 mA cm−2 at low overpotentials of 204 mV in alkaline water and 220 mV in simulated seawater, with robust stability. This work establishes a design paradigm for high-performance water/seawater oxidation electrocatalysts.
开发高效、高活性、耐腐蚀的析氧反应催化剂是实现水/海水裂解制氢的关键。本文报道了一种含高价钼的高熵层状双氢氧化物（FeCoNiCuMo-LDH），通过简单的一步电沉积法合成。多组分调制和高价Mo6+的原位浸出和同源MoO42−的再吸附强化了M-O共价键，激活了晶格氧，优化了OH−/*OH的吸附，从而促进了晶格氧机理（LOM）。同时，吸附的MoO42−产生静电屏蔽，排斥Cl−，抑制腐蚀和氯的析出。综合原位/非原位表征阐明了LOM和氯驱避的双重调控，揭示了一种动态的构效关系。因此，FeCoNiCuMo-LDH在碱性水中和模拟海水中分别在204 mV和220 mV的低过电位下达到10 mA cm - 2，具有较强的稳定性。这项工作建立了高性能水/海水氧化电催化剂的设计范例。
{"title":"High-valence Mo leaching/re-adsorption mediated dual regulation of LOM and chlorine repellency in high-entropy LDH toward robust water/seawater electrooxidation","authors":"Min Yao, Han-Ming Zhang, Yuhang Wei, Zhongqi Dong, Junqi Ge, Jinfeng Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.jmst.2026.03.027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2026.03.027","url":null,"abstract":"Developing efficient oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts with high activity and corrosion resistance is crucial for sustainable hydrogen production via water/seawater splitting. Herein, we report a high-entropy layered double hydroxide containing high-valence molybdenum (FeCoNiCuMo-LDH), synthesized via facile one-step electrodeposition. The multiple components modulation and the in-situ leaching of high-valence Mo<sup>6+</sup> and re-adsorption of congenetic MoO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup> strengthen M-O covalent bonds, activate lattice oxygen, and optimize OH<sup>−</sup>/*OH adsorption, thereby promoting the lattice oxygen mechanism (LOM). Concurrently, the adsorbed MoO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup> creates an electrostatic shield that repels Cl<sup>−</sup>, inhibiting corrosion and chlorine evolution. Comprehensive in-situ/ex-situ characterizations elucidate this dual regulation of LOM and chlorine repellency, revealing a dynamic structure-activity relationship. Consequently, FeCoNiCuMo-LDH achieves 10 mA cm<sup>−2</sup> at low overpotentials of 204 mV in alkaline water and 220 mV in simulated seawater, with robust stability. This work establishes a design paradigm for high-performance water/seawater oxidation electrocatalysts.","PeriodicalId":16154,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science & Technology","volume":"189 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147493095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-19DOI: 10.1016/j.jmst.2026.02.046
Tianyou Wang, Qiankun Li, Li Jin, Chuanlai Liu, Jian Zeng, Fulin Wang, Shuai Dong, Fenghua Wang, Jie Dong
Tensile twinning plays a pivotal role in the plastic deformation of Mg alloys, and its nucleation is governed by the coupling of multiple microstructural factors. Focusing on pure Mg, we combine electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) with machine learning to develop a predictive model that captures multivariate interactions controlling tensile twinning. Thirty-four microstructural descriptors were extracted, an Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) classifier was trained on 5669 grains strained to 1%, and the model was interpreted using Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP). In addition to the Schmid factor (SF) for tensile twinning, the analysis reveals that grain size, the SF for slip, grain morphology, and neighboring grain attributes significantly influence tensile twin nucleation. Tensile twinning is favored in large, irregularly shaped grains and in grains located within neighborhoods that provide poor strain accommodation. Moreover, tensile twinning in low SF grains is not anomalous and can be attributed to the inability of strain accommodation to sufficiently release the local stress, leading to its accumulation near complex grain boundaries and thereby facilitating twin nucleation. External validation on AZ31 and GW93 alloys confirms strong predictive performance and transferability across distinct Mg alloy systems. This study provides data-driven insight into the nucleation of tensile twin in Mg alloys and establishes a practical framework for microstructure design and deformation control in the development of high-performance Mg alloys.
{"title":"Interpretable machine learning for predicting tensile twinning and revealing microstructural influences in pure Mg","authors":"Tianyou Wang, Qiankun Li, Li Jin, Chuanlai Liu, Jian Zeng, Fulin Wang, Shuai Dong, Fenghua Wang, Jie Dong","doi":"10.1016/j.jmst.2026.02.046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2026.02.046","url":null,"abstract":"Tensile twinning plays a pivotal role in the plastic deformation of Mg alloys, and its nucleation is governed by the coupling of multiple microstructural factors. Focusing on pure Mg, we combine electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) with machine learning to develop a predictive model that captures multivariate interactions controlling tensile twinning. Thirty-four microstructural descriptors were extracted, an Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) classifier was trained on 5669 grains strained to 1%, and the model was interpreted using Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP). In addition to the Schmid factor (SF) for tensile twinning, the analysis reveals that grain size, the SF for slip, grain morphology, and neighboring grain attributes significantly influence tensile twin nucleation. Tensile twinning is favored in large, irregularly shaped grains and in grains located within neighborhoods that provide poor strain accommodation. Moreover, tensile twinning in low SF grains is not anomalous and can be attributed to the inability of strain accommodation to sufficiently release the local stress, leading to its accumulation near complex grain boundaries and thereby facilitating twin nucleation. External validation on AZ31 and GW93 alloys confirms strong predictive performance and transferability across distinct Mg alloy systems. This study provides data-driven insight into the nucleation of tensile twin in Mg alloys and establishes a practical framework for microstructure design and deformation control in the development of high-performance Mg alloys.","PeriodicalId":16154,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science & Technology","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147493089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-19DOI: 10.1016/j.jmst.2026.03.025
Hanqing Liu, Lei Liang, Qiang Chen, Qingyuan Wang, Barbara Shollock, Jicheng Gong
Identifying the multiscale microstructural evolution of materials subjected to very high cycle fatigue (VHCF) loading is essential for advancing the understanding of long-term durability in metallic materials, but has rarely been investigated on the evolution of functional structures reaching very high cycle integrity down to nanoscale and atomic levels. Focusing on the microstructural mechanisms governing the formation of fine grain area (FGA) in a titanium alloy, which has long been a critical concern in VHCF, systematic microstructural characterization work was conducted to bridge microstructural evolution mechanisms across multiple length scales by leveraging the transmission Kikuchi technique, and aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy. This study elucidates the crack nucleation mechanism, grain rotation and the associated geometrically necessary dislocation density threshold required to generate the disorientated grain boundary that separates the coarser grain into finer ones, and atom-scale strain relaxation during the grain refinement process.
{"title":"Cracking and fine grain area formation in a bimodal titanium alloy under very high cycle fatigue loading","authors":"Hanqing Liu, Lei Liang, Qiang Chen, Qingyuan Wang, Barbara Shollock, Jicheng Gong","doi":"10.1016/j.jmst.2026.03.025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2026.03.025","url":null,"abstract":"Identifying the multiscale microstructural evolution of materials subjected to very high cycle fatigue (VHCF) loading is essential for advancing the understanding of long-term durability in metallic materials, but has rarely been investigated on the evolution of functional structures reaching very high cycle integrity down to nanoscale and atomic levels. Focusing on the microstructural mechanisms governing the formation of fine grain area (FGA) in a titanium alloy, which has long been a critical concern in VHCF, systematic microstructural characterization work was conducted to bridge microstructural evolution mechanisms across multiple length scales by leveraging the transmission Kikuchi technique, and aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy. This study elucidates the crack nucleation mechanism, grain rotation and the associated geometrically necessary dislocation density threshold required to generate the disorientated grain boundary that separates the coarser grain into finer ones, and atom-scale strain relaxation during the grain refinement process.","PeriodicalId":16154,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science & Technology","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147489786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-19DOI: 10.1016/j.jmst.2026.03.026
Ming-Feng Yang, Xiao-Juan Lei, Kai Zhang, Ming Wang
Intelligent electromagnetic shielding materials capable of adapting to dynamic electromagnetic environments are increasingly in demand. In this study, a conductive layer with controllable micro-cracks was constructed on metallized polyurethane (PU) foams via compression training or solvent swelling, using polydopamine (PDA) as an interfacial layer to enhance adhesion between the Ag coating and PU substrate. Compression training introduced reversible contacting-separating Ag micro-cracks, enabling tunable electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness (EMI SE) from ∼4 dB (off state, cracks separated) to ∼27 dB (on state, cracks contacted) under compressive strain. Alternatively, uniform micro-cracks formed by ethanol-induced swelling allowed reversible switching between a high SE of ∼40 dB and a low SE of ∼13 dB. These metallized PU foams with micro-crack-controlled “on/off” microwave shielding offer facile fabrication, dual responsiveness, and strong potential for intelligent stealth and adaptive EMI shielding in complex environments.
{"title":"Strain- and solvent-induced “on/off” electromagnetic interference shielding metallized polyurethane foams","authors":"Ming-Feng Yang, Xiao-Juan Lei, Kai Zhang, Ming Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jmst.2026.03.026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2026.03.026","url":null,"abstract":"Intelligent electromagnetic shielding materials capable of adapting to dynamic electromagnetic environments are increasingly in demand. In this study, a conductive layer with controllable micro-cracks was constructed on metallized polyurethane (PU) foams via compression training or solvent swelling, using polydopamine (PDA) as an interfacial layer to enhance adhesion between the Ag coating and PU substrate. Compression training introduced reversible contacting-separating Ag micro-cracks, enabling tunable electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness (EMI SE) from ∼4 dB (off state, cracks separated) to ∼27 dB (on state, cracks contacted) under compressive strain. Alternatively, uniform micro-cracks formed by ethanol-induced swelling allowed reversible switching between a high SE of ∼40 dB and a low SE of ∼13 dB. These metallized PU foams with micro-crack-controlled “on/off” microwave shielding offer facile fabrication, dual responsiveness, and strong potential for intelligent stealth and adaptive EMI shielding in complex environments.","PeriodicalId":16154,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science & Technology","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147493092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-19DOI: 10.1016/j.jmst.2026.03.024
Y. Guo, R. Liu, X.T. Li, Z.J. Zhang, P. Zhang, J.B. Yang, Z.F. Zhang
The strength-ductility trade-off relation in face-centered cubic (FCC) metals has long represented a fundamental challenge in materials science. Although grain refinement strengthens materials via the Hall–Petch effect, it often reduces ductility due to limited dislocation activity. Here, we uncover a dislocation-level mechanism governing this trade-off relation by introducing a critical piling-up space of dislocations. <span><span style=""><math><mrow is="true"><msup is="true"><mrow is="true"><mi is="true">A</mi></mrow><mo is="true">*</mo></msup><mo is="true" linebreak="goodbreak">=</mo><msup is="true"><mrow is="true"><mi is="true">h</mi></mrow><mo is="true">*</mo></msup><mo is="true" linebreak="goodbreak">×</mo><msup is="true"><mrow is="true"><mi is="true">l</mi></mrow><mo is="true">*</mo></msup></mrow></math></span><span style="font-size: 90%; display: inline-block;" tabindex="0"></span><script type="math/mml"><math><mrow is="true"><msup is="true"><mrow is="true"><mi is="true">A</mi></mrow><mo is="true">*</mo></msup><mo linebreak="goodbreak" is="true">=</mo><msup is="true"><mrow is="true"><mi is="true">h</mi></mrow><mo is="true">*</mo></msup><mo linebreak="goodbreak" is="true">×</mo><msup is="true"><mrow is="true"><mi is="true">l</mi></mrow><mo is="true">*</mo></msup></mrow></math></script></span>, where <span><span style=""><math><msup is="true"><mrow is="true"><mi is="true">h</mi></mrow><mo is="true">*</mo></msup></math></span><span style="font-size: 90%; display: inline-block;" tabindex="0"></span><script type="math/mml"><math><msup is="true"><mrow is="true"><mi is="true">h</mi></mrow><mo is="true">*</mo></msup></math></script></span> is the spacing between dislocation arrays and <span><span style=""><math><msup is="true"><mrow is="true"><mi is="true">l</mi></mrow><mo is="true">*</mo></msup></math></span><span style="font-size: 90%; display: inline-block;" tabindex="0"></span><script type="math/mml"><math><msup is="true"><mrow is="true"><mi is="true">l</mi></mrow><mo is="true">*</mo></msup></math></script></span> is the critical piling-up length for cross-slip initiation. Using a dual-dislocation-array model interacting with a rigid boundary, we demonstrate that the magnitude of <span><span style=""><math><msup is="true"><mrow is="true"><mi is="true">A</mi></mrow><mo is="true">*</mo></msup></math></span><span style="font-size: 90%; display: inline-block;" tabindex="0"></span><script type="math/mml"><math><msup is="true"><mrow is="true"><mi is="true">A</mi></mrow><mo is="true">*</mo></msup></math></script></span> reflects the activation of cross-slip and thereby regulates the competition between strengthening and plastic flow. Simulation results for Al, Ag, Cu, and Ni converge onto a universal scaling dictated by <span><span style=""><math><msup is="true"><mrow is="true"><mi is="true">A</mi></mrow><mo is="true">*</mo></msup></math></span><span style="font-size: 90%; display: inline-block;" tabindex="0"></span><script type="math/mml"><math><m
面心立方（FCC）金属的强度-延性权衡关系一直是材料科学的一个基本挑战。虽然晶粒细化通过霍尔-佩奇效应增强材料，但由于位错活动有限，往往会降低塑性。在这里，我们通过引入一个关键的位错堆积空间，揭示了控制这种权衡关系的位错水平机制。A*=h*×l*A*=h*×l*，其中h*h*为位错阵列间距，l*l*为交叉滑移起裂的临界堆积长度。利用与刚性边界相互作用的双位错-阵列模型，我们证明了a * a *的大小反映了交叉滑移的激活，从而调节了强化流和塑性流之间的竞争。Al、Ag、Cu和Ni的模拟结果收敛于由a * a *决定的通用尺度，a * a *是与金属类型相关的内在参数，可以主导强度-延性水平。基于位错堆积空间模型，拟合了Al、Ag、Cu、Ni的强度与塑性的定量关系，与Li等提出的强度—塑性权衡模型一致。该研究不仅阐明了金属之间权衡关系的内在机制，而且为通过调整位错临界堆积空间进行合金化设计来优化金属和合金的力学性能提供了设计准则。
{"title":"Intrinsic mechanism for the trade-off relation between strength and ductility of metals","authors":"Y. Guo, R. Liu, X.T. Li, Z.J. Zhang, P. Zhang, J.B. Yang, Z.F. Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jmst.2026.03.024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2026.03.024","url":null,"abstract":"The strength-ductility trade-off relation in face-centered cubic (FCC) metals has long represented a fundamental challenge in materials science. Although grain refinement strengthens materials via the Hall–Petch effect, it often reduces ductility due to limited dislocation activity. Here, we uncover a dislocation-level mechanism governing this trade-off relation by introducing a critical piling-up space of dislocations. <span><span style=\"\"><math><mrow is=\"true\"><msup is=\"true\"><mrow is=\"true\"><mi is=\"true\">A</mi></mrow><mo is=\"true\">*</mo></msup><mo is=\"true\" linebreak=\"goodbreak\">=</mo><msup is=\"true\"><mrow is=\"true\"><mi is=\"true\">h</mi></mrow><mo is=\"true\">*</mo></msup><mo is=\"true\" linebreak=\"goodbreak\">×</mo><msup is=\"true\"><mrow is=\"true\"><mi is=\"true\">l</mi></mrow><mo is=\"true\">*</mo></msup></mrow></math></span><span style=\"font-size: 90%; display: inline-block;\" tabindex=\"0\"></span><script type=\"math/mml\"><math><mrow is=\"true\"><msup is=\"true\"><mrow is=\"true\"><mi is=\"true\">A</mi></mrow><mo is=\"true\">*</mo></msup><mo linebreak=\"goodbreak\" is=\"true\">=</mo><msup is=\"true\"><mrow is=\"true\"><mi is=\"true\">h</mi></mrow><mo is=\"true\">*</mo></msup><mo linebreak=\"goodbreak\" is=\"true\">×</mo><msup is=\"true\"><mrow is=\"true\"><mi is=\"true\">l</mi></mrow><mo is=\"true\">*</mo></msup></mrow></math></script></span>, where <span><span style=\"\"><math><msup is=\"true\"><mrow is=\"true\"><mi is=\"true\">h</mi></mrow><mo is=\"true\">*</mo></msup></math></span><span style=\"font-size: 90%; display: inline-block;\" tabindex=\"0\"></span><script type=\"math/mml\"><math><msup is=\"true\"><mrow is=\"true\"><mi is=\"true\">h</mi></mrow><mo is=\"true\">*</mo></msup></math></script></span> is the spacing between dislocation arrays and <span><span style=\"\"><math><msup is=\"true\"><mrow is=\"true\"><mi is=\"true\">l</mi></mrow><mo is=\"true\">*</mo></msup></math></span><span style=\"font-size: 90%; display: inline-block;\" tabindex=\"0\"></span><script type=\"math/mml\"><math><msup is=\"true\"><mrow is=\"true\"><mi is=\"true\">l</mi></mrow><mo is=\"true\">*</mo></msup></math></script></span> is the critical piling-up length for cross-slip initiation. Using a dual-dislocation-array model interacting with a rigid boundary, we demonstrate that the magnitude of <span><span style=\"\"><math><msup is=\"true\"><mrow is=\"true\"><mi is=\"true\">A</mi></mrow><mo is=\"true\">*</mo></msup></math></span><span style=\"font-size: 90%; display: inline-block;\" tabindex=\"0\"></span><script type=\"math/mml\"><math><msup is=\"true\"><mrow is=\"true\"><mi is=\"true\">A</mi></mrow><mo is=\"true\">*</mo></msup></math></script></span> reflects the activation of cross-slip and thereby regulates the competition between strengthening and plastic flow. Simulation results for Al, Ag, Cu, and Ni converge onto a universal scaling dictated by <span><span style=\"\"><math><msup is=\"true\"><mrow is=\"true\"><mi is=\"true\">A</mi></mrow><mo is=\"true\">*</mo></msup></math></span><span style=\"font-size: 90%; display: inline-block;\" tabindex=\"0\"></span><script type=\"math/mml\"><math><m","PeriodicalId":16154,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science & Technology","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147506834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The development of Mg-based hydrogen storage materials faces challenges due to sluggish kinetics and high operating temperatures, with enhancing internal hydrogen diffusion being a particularly difficult aspect to address. This study presents a novel strategy for microstructural modification using rapid solidification (RS), and a high-performance Mg94.8Ni5Ga0.2 fiber alloy is fabricated. The ultra-fast cooling rate yields a unique microstructure featuring refined grains, in situ formation of dispersed Mg2Ni catalytic phase, and high-density stacking faults (SFs) in Mg and Mg2Ni. The fiber alloy exhibits dramatically improved kinetics: the hydrogen absorption activation energy is lowered to 37.37 kJ/mol H2 from 57.14 kJ/mol H2 in the as-cast alloy. Notably, the initial desorption temperature is substantially reduced from 395.5 to 243.5°C for the RS fiber, which decreases by 152.0°C. The dispersed Mg2Ni nanoparticles utilize the hydrogen pump effect that occurs in situ at multiple localized sites, drastically enhancing the catalytic activity. Especially, the mutually perpendicular SFs in Mg and Mg2Ni establish the three-dimensional (3D) diffusion network, which is in favor of rapid hydrogen migration throughout the material interior.
{"title":"In-situ fabrication of nanocatalysts and interactive stacking faults in rapidly solidified Mg-Ni-Ga fiber with excellent hydrogen storage properties","authors":"Shiyang Hu, Xin Ding, Wenchao Cao, Xiangfeng Ma, Hongxian Shen, Yong Zhang, Jingjie Guo, Ruirun Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jmst.2026.02.044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2026.02.044","url":null,"abstract":"The development of Mg-based hydrogen storage materials faces challenges due to sluggish kinetics and high operating temperatures, with enhancing internal hydrogen diffusion being a particularly difficult aspect to address. This study presents a novel strategy for microstructural modification using rapid solidification (RS), and a high-performance Mg<sub>94.8</sub>Ni<sub>5</sub>Ga<sub>0.2</sub> fiber alloy is fabricated. The ultra-fast cooling rate yields a unique microstructure featuring refined grains, in situ formation of dispersed Mg<sub>2</sub>Ni catalytic phase, and high-density stacking faults (SFs) in Mg and Mg<sub>2</sub>Ni. The fiber alloy exhibits dramatically improved kinetics: the hydrogen absorption activation energy is lowered to 37.37 kJ/mol H<sub>2</sub> from 57.14 kJ/mol H<sub>2</sub> in the as-cast alloy. Notably, the initial desorption temperature is substantially reduced from 395.5 to 243.5°C for the RS fiber, which decreases by 152.0°C. The dispersed Mg<sub>2</sub>Ni nanoparticles utilize the hydrogen pump effect that occurs in situ at multiple localized sites, drastically enhancing the catalytic activity. Especially, the mutually perpendicular SFs in Mg and Mg<sub>2</sub>Ni establish the three-dimensional (3D) diffusion network, which is in favor of rapid hydrogen migration throughout the material interior.","PeriodicalId":16154,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science & Technology","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147493094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-18DOI: 10.1016/j.jmst.2026.03.023
Yifan Li, Tingting Wu, Jingqi Chi, Jiameng Yu, Junying Wang, Kaiwei Zhang, Lei Wang, Yongqiang Yang
Regulating charge distribution via introducing a built-in electric field (BIEF) has been an important strategy to achieve superior electrocatalytic performance. Homojunction with the built-in electric field at the extreme surface is advantageous but still remains a challenge in electrocatalysis. Herein, a surface P-doped CoMoO4 homojunction (Ps-CoMoO4) was synthesized by a surface oxygen vacancy confined P-doping process. Experimental and theoretical results reveal that P doping can lower the Fermi level of CoMoO4, leading to the spontaneous surface electron enrichment in Ps-CoMoO4 driven by the electric field between surface and bulk. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations further confirm that the asymmetric charge distribution with surface-enriched electrons effectively optimizes the d-orbitals and reduces the H* adsorption barrier. Consequently, the Ps-CoMoO4 without any noble metals exhibits a lower overpotential of 113 and 240 mV for HER at 100 and 1000 mA cm−2 in alkaline seawater, respectively. Furthermore, the anion exchange membrane water electrolyzer (AEMWE) coupled with Ps-CoMoO4 as the cathode shows remarkable stability at a current density of 100 mA cm−2 for over 120 h. This work provides a novel strategy in constructing a homojunction electrocatalyst with electron enriched surface for highly efficient alkaline seawater electrocatalysis.
通过引入内置电场（BIEF）来调节电荷分布是获得优异电催化性能的重要策略。在极端表面具有内建电场的同结是有利的，但在电催化中仍然是一个挑战。本文采用表面氧空位限制p掺杂工艺合成了表面p掺杂CoMoO4的均结（Ps-CoMoO4）。实验和理论结果表明，P掺杂可以降低CoMoO4的费米能级，导致Ps-CoMoO4在表面和体间电场的驱动下自发的表面电子富集。密度泛函理论（DFT）进一步证实了表面富集电子的不对称电荷分布有效地优化了d轨道，降低了H*吸附势垒。因此，不含贵金属的Ps-CoMoO4在碱性海水中，在100和1000 mA cm−2下，HER的过电位分别为113和240 mV。此外，以Ps-CoMoO4为阴极的阴离子交换膜水电解槽（AEMWE）在100 mA cm−2的电流密度下表现出良好的稳定性，持续时间超过120 h。本研究为构建具有富电子表面的均结电催化剂提供了一种新的策略，用于高效的碱性海水电催化。
{"title":"Homojunction-derived built-in electric field triggers surface electron accumulation for boosted alkaline seawater hydrogen evolution","authors":"Yifan Li, Tingting Wu, Jingqi Chi, Jiameng Yu, Junying Wang, Kaiwei Zhang, Lei Wang, Yongqiang Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.jmst.2026.03.023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2026.03.023","url":null,"abstract":"Regulating charge distribution via introducing a built-in electric field (BIEF) has been an important strategy to achieve superior electrocatalytic performance. Homojunction with the built-in electric field at the extreme surface is advantageous but still remains a challenge in electrocatalysis. Herein, a surface P-doped CoMoO<sub>4</sub> homojunction (P<sub>s</sub>-CoMoO<sub>4</sub>) was synthesized by a surface oxygen vacancy confined P-doping process. Experimental and theoretical results reveal that P doping can lower the Fermi level of CoMoO<sub>4</sub>, leading to the spontaneous surface electron enrichment in P<sub>s</sub>-CoMoO<sub>4</sub> driven by the electric field between surface and bulk. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations further confirm that the asymmetric charge distribution with surface-enriched electrons effectively optimizes the d-orbitals and reduces the H* adsorption barrier. Consequently, the P<sub>s</sub>-CoMoO<sub>4</sub> without any noble metals exhibits a lower overpotential of 113 and 240 mV for HER at 100 and 1000 mA cm<sup>−2</sup> in alkaline seawater, respectively. Furthermore, the anion exchange membrane water electrolyzer (AEMWE) coupled with P<sub>s</sub>-CoMoO<sub>4</sub> as the cathode shows remarkable stability at a current density of 100 mA cm<sup>−2</sup> for over 120 h. This work provides a novel strategy in constructing a homojunction electrocatalyst with electron enriched surface for highly efficient alkaline seawater electrocatalysis.","PeriodicalId":16154,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science & Technology","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147495375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The stability and controllability of electromagnetic wave absorption performance under dynamic deformation are critically important for applications in complex scenarios. Strain-driven random changes in multidimensional structures lead to performance mismatches between dielectric and magnetic components, hindering the achievement of sustained and highly efficient electromagnetic loss. Herein, a poly(acrylamide-co-acrylic acid) polymer network is embedded with polar dielectric water or conductive ionic liquids as the matrix. Hierarchically assembled conductive graphene oxide/multi-walled carbon nanotubes framework, magnetic Fe3O4, and dielectric Ag/CuO@CuS nanoparticle arrays are integrated to construct a multidimensional magnetoelectric network composite gel that maintains continuous and stable performance under large deformation. This material features continuous magnetoelectric coupling pathways, in which conductive loss dominated by electron and ion transport is synergistically combined with magnetic loss arising from magnetic nanoparticle arrays, achieving an effective absorption bandwidth of 9.44 GHz. Under dynamic stretching, strain-induced reconstruction of conductive pathways and redistribution of magnetic nanoparticles alter the states of charge transport, polarization relaxation, and magnetic coupling. The structural change allows the effective absorption matching thickness of the gel to shift to a thinner thickness, which is consistent with the stretching trend. This work establishes a new system for deformation-regulated magnetoelectric coupling and provides a general design strategy for flexible and deformable electromagnetic wave absorption materials.
{"title":"Deformation-engineered multi-dimensional magnetoelectric coupling gel network for enhancing electromagnetic wave absorption","authors":"Siyuan Zhang, Yu Zhang, Lirong Li, Xunian Yang, Rongxia Liu, Zhenguo Gao, Limeng Yang, Pengfei Zhang, Jian Jiao","doi":"10.1016/j.jmst.2026.03.021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2026.03.021","url":null,"abstract":"The stability and controllability of electromagnetic wave absorption performance under dynamic deformation are critically important for applications in complex scenarios. Strain-driven random changes in multidimensional structures lead to performance mismatches between dielectric and magnetic components, hindering the achievement of sustained and highly efficient electromagnetic loss. Herein, a poly(acrylamide-co-acrylic acid) polymer network is embedded with polar dielectric water or conductive ionic liquids as the matrix. Hierarchically assembled conductive graphene oxide/multi-walled carbon nanotubes framework, magnetic Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>, and dielectric Ag/CuO@CuS nanoparticle arrays are integrated to construct a multidimensional magnetoelectric network composite gel that maintains continuous and stable performance under large deformation. This material features continuous magnetoelectric coupling pathways, in which conductive loss dominated by electron and ion transport is synergistically combined with magnetic loss arising from magnetic nanoparticle arrays, achieving an effective absorption bandwidth of 9.44 GHz. Under dynamic stretching, strain-induced reconstruction of conductive pathways and redistribution of magnetic nanoparticles alter the states of charge transport, polarization relaxation, and magnetic coupling. The structural change allows the effective absorption matching thickness of the gel to shift to a thinner thickness, which is consistent with the stretching trend. This work establishes a new system for deformation-regulated magnetoelectric coupling and provides a general design strategy for flexible and deformable electromagnetic wave absorption materials.","PeriodicalId":16154,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science & Technology","volume":"77 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147493114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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