Pub Date : 2026-01-05DOI: 10.1016/j.jmst.2025.12.044
Yidong Hu, Fan Yang, Guoliang Ren, Jianguo Li, Qiaodan Hu
The effect of oxygen partial pressure (pO2) of the solidification atmosphere on the formation of single-phase Bi2Ti2O7 prepared by deep undercooling rapid solidification was investigated. Comprehensive analyses on the solidification products showed that single-phase Bi2Ti2O7 was highly sensitive to the presence of oxygen in the solidification atmosphere. At a low pO2 of 1%, Bi2Ti4O11 was identified as the secondary phase; at pO2 of 5% and 10%, Bi4Ti3O12 was observed as the secondary phase. The formation mechanisms of different types of secondary phases under various pO2 were discussed from density functional theory calculations and solidification pathway analysis. Results from this work revealed the critical role of solidification atmosphere on the synthesis of single-phase Bi2Ti2O7 by rapid solidification, and the findings might be expanded to the solidification of other metastable oxides.
{"title":"Ultrahigh oxygen sensitivity to the formation of single-phase Bi2Ti2O7 pyrochlore during deep undercooling solidification","authors":"Yidong Hu, Fan Yang, Guoliang Ren, Jianguo Li, Qiaodan Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.jmst.2025.12.044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2025.12.044","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of oxygen partial pressure (<em>p</em>O<sub>2</sub>) of the solidification atmosphere on the formation of single-phase Bi<sub>2</sub>Ti<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub> prepared by deep undercooling rapid solidification was investigated. Comprehensive analyses on the solidification products showed that single-phase Bi<sub>2</sub>Ti<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub> was highly sensitive to the presence of oxygen in the solidification atmosphere. At a low <em>p</em>O<sub>2</sub> of 1%, Bi<sub>2</sub>Ti<sub>4</sub>O<sub>11</sub> was identified as the secondary phase; at <em>p</em>O<sub>2</sub> of 5% and 10%, Bi<sub>4</sub>Ti<sub>3</sub>O<sub>12</sub> was observed as the secondary phase. The formation mechanisms of different types of secondary phases under various <em>p</em>O<sub>2</sub> were discussed from density functional theory calculations and solidification pathway analysis. Results from this work revealed the critical role of solidification atmosphere on the synthesis of single-phase Bi<sub>2</sub>Ti<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub> by rapid solidification, and the findings might be expanded to the solidification of other metastable oxides.","PeriodicalId":16154,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science & Technology","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145897832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-26DOI: 10.1016/j.jmst.2025.12.038
Jiandong Yin, Bin Wang, Yunmei Xie, Guiyan Yang, Dong Xiang, Yuanpeng Wu, Tao Peng, Jie Zhang, Tianhang Huang, Chunxia Zhao, Hui Li, Jinbo Cheng, Xinnian Fan
High-performance aerogels, characterized by ultra-low density and very low thermal conductivity, show great potential for applications in aerospace, energy management, and fire safety. However, conventional inorganic aerogels often exhibit high brittleness and poor toughness. Single-component aramid Ⅲ nanofiber (AⅢNF) aerogels tend to collapse structurally when exposed to high temperatures or flames, which severely restricts their long-term performance. To overcome this challenge, we propose an interface-engineered in-situ polymerization coating strategy. A robust composite aerogel framework is fabricated by in-situ polymerizing polybenzoxazine (PBa) onto the surface of AⅢNFs. The preparation of this aerogel involves four main steps: (i) deprotonation and reprotonation of AⅢNFs, (ii) acid-catalyzed polymerization of benzoxazine monomers, (Ⅲ) ice-template-assisted freeze-drying, and (iv) hydrophobic modification through chemical vapor deposition. The resulting PBa/AⅢNF composite aerogel demonstrates very low thermal conductivity (0.027–0.032 W m−1 K−1), high compressive strength (up to 18.92 MPa), a robust compressive modulus (11.59 MPa), and intrinsic flame retardancy with a limiting oxygen index of 41.7%. Mechanistic analysis reveals that the PBa coating strengthens interfacial bonding via hydrogen bonding and π-π interactions, while generating a dense carbon layer during combustion that effectively impedes heat and oxygen transfer. In addition, the aerogel displays superhydrophobicity (contact angle > 150°) and long-term thermal aging stability at elevated temperatures. This study proposes a universal strategy that integrates high-char-forming polymers with nanofiber frameworks, enabling synergistic optimization of aerogel lightweight design, mechanical reinforcement, and multifunctional protection.
高性能气凝胶具有超低密度和极低导热性的特点，在航空航天、能源管理和消防安全方面具有巨大的应用潜力。然而，传统的无机气凝胶往往具有脆性高、韧性差的特点。单组分芳纶Ⅲ纳米纤维（AⅢNF）气凝胶在高温或火焰下容易发生结构崩塌，这严重限制了其长期性能。为了克服这一挑战，我们提出了一种界面工程原位聚合涂层策略。将聚苯并恶嗪（PBa）原位聚合到AⅢNFs表面，制备了坚固的复合气凝胶框架。该气凝胶的制备包括四个主要步骤：(i) AⅢNFs的去质子化和再还原，（ii）酸催化苯并恶嗪单体聚合，（Ⅲ）冰模板辅助冷冻干燥，（iv）通过化学气相沉积进行疏水改性。所制得的PBa/AⅢNF复合气凝胶导热系数极低（0.027 ~ 0.032 W m−1 K−1），抗压强度高（高达18.92 MPa），抗压模量高（11.59 MPa），固有阻燃性（极限氧指数为41.7%）。机理分析表明，PBa涂层通过氢键和π-π相互作用增强界面键合，同时在燃烧过程中产生致密的碳层，有效地阻碍了热量和氧气的传递。此外，气凝胶具有超疏水性（接触角>； 150°）和高温下的长期热老化稳定性。本研究提出了一种通用策略，将高炭成型聚合物与纳米纤维框架相结合，实现气凝胶轻量化设计、机械加固和多功能保护的协同优化。
{"title":"Interface-engineered Polybenzoxazine/Aramid Ⅲ nanofiber composite aerogels with ultralow thermal conductivity, exceptional mechanical robustness, and intrinsic flame retardancy","authors":"Jiandong Yin, Bin Wang, Yunmei Xie, Guiyan Yang, Dong Xiang, Yuanpeng Wu, Tao Peng, Jie Zhang, Tianhang Huang, Chunxia Zhao, Hui Li, Jinbo Cheng, Xinnian Fan","doi":"10.1016/j.jmst.2025.12.038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2025.12.038","url":null,"abstract":"High-performance aerogels, characterized by ultra-low density and very low thermal conductivity, show great potential for applications in aerospace, energy management, and fire safety. However, conventional inorganic aerogels often exhibit high brittleness and poor toughness. Single-component aramid Ⅲ nanofiber (AⅢNF) aerogels tend to collapse structurally when exposed to high temperatures or flames, which severely restricts their long-term performance. To overcome this challenge, we propose an interface-engineered in-situ polymerization coating strategy. A robust composite aerogel framework is fabricated by in-situ polymerizing polybenzoxazine (PBa) onto the surface of AⅢNFs. The preparation of this aerogel involves four main steps: (i) deprotonation and reprotonation of AⅢNFs, (ii) acid-catalyzed polymerization of benzoxazine monomers, (Ⅲ) ice-template-assisted freeze-drying, and (iv) hydrophobic modification through chemical vapor deposition. The resulting PBa/AⅢNF composite aerogel demonstrates very low thermal conductivity (0.027–0.032 W m<sup>−1</sup> K<sup>−1</sup>), high compressive strength (up to 18.92 MPa), a robust compressive modulus (11.59 MPa), and intrinsic flame retardancy with a limiting oxygen index of 41.7%. Mechanistic analysis reveals that the PBa coating strengthens interfacial bonding via hydrogen bonding and π-π interactions, while generating a dense carbon layer during combustion that effectively impedes heat and oxygen transfer. In addition, the aerogel displays superhydrophobicity (contact angle > 150°) and long-term thermal aging stability at elevated temperatures. This study proposes a universal strategy that integrates high-char-forming polymers with nanofiber frameworks, enabling synergistic optimization of aerogel lightweight design, mechanical reinforcement, and multifunctional protection.","PeriodicalId":16154,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science & Technology","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145844675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-25DOI: 10.1016/j.jmst.2025.12.034
Yunjia Wu, Yang An, Zhifeng Huang, Qingyong Tian, Bin Fan, Hua Bai
{"title":"Upscaling of perovskite photovoltaics: Statistical analysis and key issues","authors":"Yunjia Wu, Yang An, Zhifeng Huang, Qingyong Tian, Bin Fan, Hua Bai","doi":"10.1016/j.jmst.2025.12.034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2025.12.034","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16154,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science & Technology","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145844869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As a critical lightweight material in aerospace, titanium-aluminum (TiAl) alloys are ideal alternatives to nickel-based superalloys. TNM alloys, a representative of third-generation TiAl alloys, suffer from high-temperature fatigue degradation due to heterogeneous interface weakening arising from their dual-phase structure, consisting of soft and hard phases, and lamellar microstructure. To address this critical issue, the present study proposes a novel electroshock treatment (EST) process, which aims to regulate and strengthen the heterogeneous interfaces of TNM alloys by introducing electroshock energy, thereby enhancing their fatigue resistance. Compared with the received sample, the high-temperature rotary-bending fatigue performance at 800°C was improved by about 67.6% under the optimal process parameters. Multiscale characterization results demonstrate that the EST effectively mitigates the degree of dislocation entanglement and pile-up near the heterogeneous interfaces of α2/γ and β0/γ. Moreover, the EST drives the ordered rearrangement of atoms at the α2/γ lamellar interfaces and β0/γ interfaces. It increases the average atomic interplanar spacing of the characterized regions on the γ-side of the α2/γ lamellar interfaces and β0/γ interfaces from 0.249 to 0.259 nm and from 0.291 to 0.293 nm, respectively. This effect efficiently relieves the compressive stress among atoms in the lattice-distorted regions. Simultaneously, the fluctuation ranges of strain intensity in the εyy significantly decreased from (−0.15 to 0.15) and (−0.16 to 0.16) to (−0.05 to 0.01) and (−0.11 to 0.03), respectively. Through quantum mechanical theoretical and molecular dynamics simulations, the energy coupling and conversion processes during the scattering of directionally drifted free electrons and high-energy metastable atoms were elucidated at the atomic scale. A theoretical model describing electron-atom nonequilibrium scattering was further established, revealing the underlying mechanism that governs the reconfiguration of heterogeneous interfaces and the enhancement of fatigue resistance in TNM alloys.
{"title":"Enhancing fatigue performance of TNM Alloy via electroshock energy-induced heterogeneous interface reconfiguration","authors":"Shi-Long Guo, Yan-Li Song, Jun-Hao Hu, Jue Lu, Cheng-Jia Wang, Lin Hua","doi":"10.1016/j.jmst.2025.12.036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2025.12.036","url":null,"abstract":"As a critical lightweight material in aerospace, titanium-aluminum (TiAl) alloys are ideal alternatives to nickel-based superalloys. TNM alloys, a representative of third-generation TiAl alloys, suffer from high-temperature fatigue degradation due to heterogeneous interface weakening arising from their dual-phase structure, consisting of soft and hard phases, and lamellar microstructure. To address this critical issue, the present study proposes a novel electroshock treatment (EST) process, which aims to regulate and strengthen the heterogeneous interfaces of TNM alloys by introducing electroshock energy, thereby enhancing their fatigue resistance. Compared with the received sample, the high-temperature rotary-bending fatigue performance at 800°C was improved by about 67.6% under the optimal process parameters. Multiscale characterization results demonstrate that the EST effectively mitigates the degree of dislocation entanglement and pile-up near the heterogeneous interfaces of α<sub>2</sub>/γ and β<sub>0</sub>/γ. Moreover, the EST drives the ordered rearrangement of atoms at the α<sub>2</sub>/γ lamellar interfaces and β<sub>0</sub>/γ interfaces. It increases the average atomic interplanar spacing of the characterized regions on the γ-side of the α<sub>2</sub>/γ lamellar interfaces and β<sub>0</sub>/γ interfaces from 0.249 to 0.259 nm and from 0.291 to 0.293 nm, respectively. This effect efficiently relieves the compressive stress among atoms in the lattice-distorted regions. Simultaneously, the fluctuation ranges of strain intensity in the <em>ε<sub>yy</sub></em> significantly decreased from (−0.15 to 0.15) and (−0.16 to 0.16) to (−0.05 to 0.01) and (−0.11 to 0.03), respectively. Through quantum mechanical theoretical and molecular dynamics simulations, the energy coupling and conversion processes during the scattering of directionally drifted free electrons and high-energy metastable atoms were elucidated at the atomic scale. A theoretical model describing electron-atom nonequilibrium scattering was further established, revealing the underlying mechanism that governs the reconfiguration of heterogeneous interfaces and the enhancement of fatigue resistance in TNM alloys.","PeriodicalId":16154,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science & Technology","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145844676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-24DOI: 10.1016/j.jmst.2025.12.029
Yang Yang, Jing Qiao, Xue Zhang, Bingke Zhang, Jiurong Liu
The escalation of communication technology intensifies GHz-range electromagnetic pollution, driving demand for high-performance electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorbing materials. Electrospun carbon nanofibers (CNFs) are highly promising due to their low density, tunable conductivity, and the unique advantages of their one-dimensional fibrous architecture, which promotes efficient conductive pathways and interfacial polarization for enhanced electromagnetic energy dissipation. But they commonly suffer from impedance mismatch. Incorporating magnetic components effectively addresses this limitation, synergistically optimizing impedance and introducing magnetic loss. This review summarizes recent progress in electrospun magnetic CNFs for EMW absorption. Following an introduction to fundamental theory, we systematically categorize these materials based on composition and structure, analyzing their respective design principles, electromagnetic characteristics, absorption performance, merits, and challenges. Future prospects for advancing electrospun magnetic CNF absorbers are also discussed.
{"title":"Electrospun magnetic carbon nanofibers for electromagnetic wave absorption: A review","authors":"Yang Yang, Jing Qiao, Xue Zhang, Bingke Zhang, Jiurong Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jmst.2025.12.029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2025.12.029","url":null,"abstract":"The escalation of communication technology intensifies GHz-range electromagnetic pollution, driving demand for high-performance electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorbing materials. Electrospun carbon nanofibers (CNFs) are highly promising due to their low density, tunable conductivity, and the unique advantages of their one-dimensional fibrous architecture, which promotes efficient conductive pathways and interfacial polarization for enhanced electromagnetic energy dissipation. But they commonly suffer from impedance mismatch. Incorporating magnetic components effectively addresses this limitation, synergistically optimizing impedance and introducing magnetic loss. This review summarizes recent progress in electrospun magnetic CNFs for EMW absorption. Following an introduction to fundamental theory, we systematically categorize these materials based on composition and structure, analyzing their respective design principles, electromagnetic characteristics, absorption performance, merits, and challenges. Future prospects for advancing electrospun magnetic CNF absorbers are also discussed.","PeriodicalId":16154,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science & Technology","volume":"87 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145813647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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