Pub Date : 2026-03-06DOI: 10.1016/j.jmst.2026.02.024
Xiaoyong Zhu, Baifeng Luan, An Yan, Chenguang Bai, Min Zhang, Fengwei Sun, Zhiqing Zhang, Hongchao Kou
Metastable β titanium alloys can achieve enhanced ductility through transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP) and/or twinning-induced plasticity (TWIP); however, their work-hardening rates are typically limited to ∼1–3 GPa, constraining further strengthening. In this study, a Ti-7Mo-3Al-3Cr-3Nb (wt.%) alloy with tailored primary α-phase fractions, achieved via a simple heat treatment in the α + β phase field, exhibits an ultrahigh work-hardening rate of up to ∼12.8 GPa. Meanwhile, the TRIP effect is preserved, resulting in a reasonable tensile elongation of ∼16%. This mechanical response is associated with a uniform distribution of primary α phase within the β matrix, which modulates the stability of the retained β phase and governs the activation of stress-induced martensitic transformation. During deformation, the progressive activation of multiple α″ martensite variants, together with martensitic twinning, refines the retained β matrix and gives rise to a pronounced dynamic Hall-Petch effect at intermediate strains. At higher strain levels, the development of martensitic domains and additional twinning modes contributes to sustained plastic deformation and delayed strain localization. Meanwhile, the coordinated activation of <a> and <c+a> slip in the primary α phase improves deformation compatibility. These results demonstrate an effective microstructural pathway to enhance strain hardening in metastable β titanium alloys through controlled β→α″ martensitic transformation.
{"title":"Regulating stress-induced martensitic transformation through primary α phase to enhance work hardening in a Ti-7Mo-3Al-3Cr-3Nb alloy","authors":"Xiaoyong Zhu, Baifeng Luan, An Yan, Chenguang Bai, Min Zhang, Fengwei Sun, Zhiqing Zhang, Hongchao Kou","doi":"10.1016/j.jmst.2026.02.024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2026.02.024","url":null,"abstract":"Metastable β titanium alloys can achieve enhanced ductility through transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP) and/or twinning-induced plasticity (TWIP); however, their work-hardening rates are typically limited to ∼1–3 GPa, constraining further strengthening. In this study, a Ti-7Mo-3Al-3Cr-3Nb (wt.%) alloy with tailored primary α-phase fractions, achieved via a simple heat treatment in the α + β phase field, exhibits an ultrahigh work-hardening rate of up to ∼12.8 GPa. Meanwhile, the TRIP effect is preserved, resulting in a reasonable tensile elongation of ∼16%. This mechanical response is associated with a uniform distribution of primary α phase within the β matrix, which modulates the stability of the retained β phase and governs the activation of stress-induced martensitic transformation. During deformation, the progressive activation of multiple α″ martensite variants, together with martensitic twinning, refines the retained β matrix and gives rise to a pronounced dynamic Hall-Petch effect at intermediate strains. At higher strain levels, the development of martensitic domains and additional twinning modes contributes to sustained plastic deformation and delayed strain localization. Meanwhile, the coordinated activation of <<em>a</em>> and <<em>c</em>+<em>a</em>> slip in the primary α phase improves deformation compatibility. These results demonstrate an effective microstructural pathway to enhance strain hardening in metastable β titanium alloys through controlled β→α″ martensitic transformation.","PeriodicalId":16154,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science & Technology","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147359763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tailoring the deformation-induced martensitic transformation (DIMT) presents an effective strategy to overcome the strength-ductility trade-off in high-entropy alloys. The characteristics of precipitates play a critical role in governing DIMT behavior. In this study, a Co36.8Ni39.2Al24 hypereutectic medium-entropy alloy (HMEA) with a high fraction of primary B2 phase was selected to elucidate the contribution of DIMT. The precipitation behavior and the impact on mechanical properties in the Co36.8Ni39.2Al24 HMEA were investigated through isothermal annealing at 650–950 °C. Annealing at temperatures above 650 °C fully reverted pre-existing martensite within the B2 matrix. Specifically, annealing at 800 °C produced a high density of nanoscale, ordered L12 precipitates with Kurdjumov-Sachs (K-S) orientation relationship with the B2 matrix, while higher temperatures led to coarsened, disordered face-centered cubic (FCC) precipitates with a loss of the K-S relationship. The 800 °C-annealed sample exhibited an optimal strength-ductility synergy, which originated from both the complete elimination of pre-existing martensite and the presence of low-misfit L12 precipitates that effectively retarded DIMT kinetics, thereby sustaining a high work-hardening rate. In contrast, the high-misfit FCC precipitates formed at 950 °C acted as high-strain nucleation sites, accelerating DIMT and leading to rapid transformation saturation, which weakened the transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP) effect. This work provides fundamental insight into precipitate-mediated control of DIMT and proposes a practical strategy for designing TRIP-assisted high-performance high-entropy alloys.
{"title":"Tailoring martensitic transformation for strength-ductility synergy in Co36.8Ni39.2Al24 hypereutectic medium-entropy alloy","authors":"Haoxiang Liu, Yixuan He, Dongrui Yao, Shiyan Zeng, Xiahe Li, Haoran Zhang, Zhichao Jiao, Xudong Liu, Haifeng Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jmst.2026.02.029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2026.02.029","url":null,"abstract":"Tailoring the deformation-induced martensitic transformation (DIMT) presents an effective strategy to overcome the strength-ductility trade-off in high-entropy alloys. The characteristics of precipitates play a critical role in governing DIMT behavior. In this study, a Co<sub>36.8</sub>Ni<sub>39.2</sub>Al<sub>24</sub> hypereutectic medium-entropy alloy (HMEA) with a high fraction of primary B2 phase was selected to elucidate the contribution of DIMT. The precipitation behavior and the impact on mechanical properties in the Co<sub>36.8</sub>Ni<sub>39.2</sub>Al<sub>24</sub> HMEA were investigated through isothermal annealing at 650–950 °C. Annealing at temperatures above 650 °C fully reverted pre-existing martensite within the B2 matrix. Specifically, annealing at 800 °C produced a high density of nanoscale, ordered L1<sub>2</sub> precipitates with Kurdjumov-Sachs (K-S) orientation relationship with the B2 matrix, while higher temperatures led to coarsened, disordered face-centered cubic (FCC) precipitates with a loss of the K-S relationship. The 800 °C-annealed sample exhibited an optimal strength-ductility synergy, which originated from both the complete elimination of pre-existing martensite and the presence of low-misfit L1<sub>2</sub> precipitates that effectively retarded DIMT kinetics, thereby sustaining a high work-hardening rate. In contrast, the high-misfit FCC precipitates formed at 950 °C acted as high-strain nucleation sites, accelerating DIMT and leading to rapid transformation saturation, which weakened the transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP) effect. This work provides fundamental insight into precipitate-mediated control of DIMT and proposes a practical strategy for designing TRIP-assisted high-performance high-entropy alloys.","PeriodicalId":16154,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science & Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147380900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
High-entropy MAX (HE-MAX) phases and their derivative MXenes (HE-MXenes) have attracted widespread attention due to multicomponent modulation effects. Herein, a (TiZrNbTa)2AlC HE-MAX phase with high purity of 96.18 wt.% was synthesized. The ceramic exhibits a low lattice thermal conductivity of 4.56 W/(m K) because of strong phonon scattering at the M-site. Superior mechanical performances were achieved, including Vickers hardness of 7.2 GPa, flexural strength of 494 MPa, compressive strength of 1643 MPa, and fracture toughness of 6.8 MPa m1/2. The strength enhancement is attributed to local chemical fluctuations and wavy-distributed lattice strain fields that create rugged energy landscapes and impede dislocation motion. Whereas the nearly cubic stacking of [M6X] octahedron promotes homogeneous deformation and achieves a comparable fracture toughness to Ti2AlC. The derived HE-MXene maintains hexagonal symmetry with enlarged interlayer spacing and mixed M-site valence states. Density functional theory calculations reveal a Young’s modulus of 252 GPa and metallic character with Nb serving as the dominant redox‑active center. This work offers a generalizable strategy for strengthening MAX phases via a high-entropy design, highlighting their potential for lightweight structural applications.
{"title":"Ultrahigh compressive-strength (TiZrNbTa)2AlC MAX phase enabled by high-entropy design and its derivative MXene","authors":"Hui Li, Faming Zhang, Xiang Liu, Wei Zheng, Guobing Ying","doi":"10.1016/j.jmst.2026.02.030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2026.02.030","url":null,"abstract":"High-entropy MAX (HE-MAX) phases and their derivative MXenes (HE-MXenes) have attracted widespread attention due to multicomponent modulation effects. Herein, a (TiZrNbTa)<sub>2</sub>AlC HE-MAX phase with high purity of 96.18 wt.% was synthesized. The ceramic exhibits a low lattice thermal conductivity of 4.56 W/(m K) because of strong phonon scattering at the M-site. Superior mechanical performances were achieved, including Vickers hardness of 7.2 GPa, flexural strength of 494 MPa, compressive strength of 1643 MPa, and fracture toughness of 6.8 MPa m<sup>1/2</sup>. The strength enhancement is attributed to local chemical fluctuations and wavy-distributed lattice strain fields that create rugged energy landscapes and impede dislocation motion. Whereas the nearly cubic stacking of [M<sub>6</sub>X] octahedron promotes homogeneous deformation and achieves a comparable fracture toughness to Ti<sub>2</sub>AlC. The derived HE-MXene maintains hexagonal symmetry with enlarged interlayer spacing and mixed M-site valence states. Density functional theory calculations reveal a Young’s modulus of 252 GPa and metallic character with Nb serving as the dominant redox‑active center. This work offers a generalizable strategy for strengthening MAX phases via a high-entropy design, highlighting their potential for lightweight structural applications.","PeriodicalId":16154,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science & Technology","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147359762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Artificial liquid-repellent surfaces hold considerable promise for antifouling and anticorrosion applications. However, existing strategies are limited by insufficient barrier properties and poor wettability retention, which together undermine long-term protection of substrates in aggressive environments. Herein, we present an integrated epoxy-based coating featuring a complementary dual-nanodomain architecture, in which covalently grafted graphene and lubricant-storing silica nanoparticles are co-engineered to deliver persistent repellency and durable protection. Specifically, oil-retaining silica nanoparticles create lubricant-storage nanodomains that continuously replenish the infused lubricant, maintaining a stable slippery interface. In parallel, amino-functionalized graphene forms anticorrosion nanodomains that construct a tortuous, labyrinth-like pathway to impede the transport of corrosive species, while simultaneously enhancing mechanical robustness. The resulting coatings manifest robust liquid repellency and pronounced self-cleaning capability, indicative of strong antifouling potential through suppressed bacterial adhesion. Moreover, the synergistic dual-nanodomain design delivers exceptional corrosion resistance, yielding a low-frequency impedance modulus of ∼108 Ω cm2—substantially higher than that of nanodomain-free counterparts. This study offers a distinctive perspective on leveraging a ubiquitous nanodomain-based strategy for designing high-performance integrated protective coatings, enabling programmable functionalities across broad applications.
{"title":"Dual-nanodomain-engineered slippery epoxy coatings for robust antifouling and corrosion resistance","authors":"Zishuai Zhou, Mingxuan Chen, Shiman Lin, Yumo Chen, Jinming Wei, Qike Li, Zhiqun Yu, He Liu, Bin Yu, Wenjie Zhao, Liping Wang, Xiangyu Li, Fuhui Wang, Dake Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.jmst.2026.02.021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2026.02.021","url":null,"abstract":"Artificial liquid-repellent surfaces hold considerable promise for antifouling and anticorrosion applications. However, existing strategies are limited by insufficient barrier properties and poor wettability retention, which together undermine long-term protection of substrates in aggressive environments. Herein, we present an integrated epoxy-based coating featuring a complementary dual-nanodomain architecture, in which covalently grafted graphene and lubricant-storing silica nanoparticles are co-engineered to deliver persistent repellency and durable protection. Specifically, oil-retaining silica nanoparticles create lubricant-storage nanodomains that continuously replenish the infused lubricant, maintaining a stable slippery interface. In parallel, amino-functionalized graphene forms anticorrosion nanodomains that construct a tortuous, labyrinth-like pathway to impede the transport of corrosive species, while simultaneously enhancing mechanical robustness. The resulting coatings manifest robust liquid repellency and pronounced self-cleaning capability, indicative of strong antifouling potential through suppressed bacterial adhesion. Moreover, the synergistic dual-nanodomain design delivers exceptional corrosion resistance, yielding a low-frequency impedance modulus of ∼10<sup>8</sup> Ω cm<sup>2</sup>—substantially higher than that of nanodomain-free counterparts. This study offers a distinctive perspective on leveraging a ubiquitous nanodomain-based strategy for designing high-performance integrated protective coatings, enabling programmable functionalities across broad applications.","PeriodicalId":16154,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science & Technology","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147380874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-06DOI: 10.1016/j.jmst.2026.02.026
Wenlong Yang, Min Guo, Jingyuan Lu, Zhicheng Zhang, Min Yang, Yuzhang Lu, Haijun Su
Since the misoriented grains in directional solidification blades can significantly degrade their mechanical properties, the anisotropy of DZ411 nickel-based superalloy during tensile testing along the solidification direction at 650°C was investigated. The experimental samples were directly extracted from gas turbine blades. In single crystals (SX), as the orientation deviation angle increases from 2° to 14°, the yield strength decreases from 996 to 871 MPa. The yield strength of bi-crystal (BX) exhibits greater sensitivity to the orientation deviation angle. For the BX sample with deviation angles of 5° and 7° (5,7), the yield strength is 987 MPa. However, when the orientation deviation angles increase to (4,16), (24,32), and (20,28), the yield strength declines to 708, 701, and 688 MPa, respectively. Electron backscatter diffraction results reveal that orientation rotation is dominated by the {111}<110> slip system during tensile deformation, and the rotation direction of the grains can be influenced by adjacent grains. Additionally, grain boundaries (GB) constrain orientation rotation, as the strength at the GB exceeds that within the grain, causing the slip bands to stop moving near the GB. At the same horizontal position, the farther from the GB, the greater the orientation change. The primary reason for the elongation degradation in BX is the difficulty in coordinating the rotation directions during deformation due to the orientation differences between the two crystals.
{"title":"Unveiling the coordinated mechanism of orientation and grain boundaries on tensile deformation in directional solidification gas turbine blades","authors":"Wenlong Yang, Min Guo, Jingyuan Lu, Zhicheng Zhang, Min Yang, Yuzhang Lu, Haijun Su","doi":"10.1016/j.jmst.2026.02.026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2026.02.026","url":null,"abstract":"Since the misoriented grains in directional solidification blades can significantly degrade their mechanical properties, the anisotropy of DZ411 nickel-based superalloy during tensile testing along the solidification direction at 650°C was investigated. The experimental samples were directly extracted from gas turbine blades. In single crystals (SX), as the orientation deviation angle increases from 2° to 14°, the yield strength decreases from 996 to 871 MPa. The yield strength of bi-crystal (BX) exhibits greater sensitivity to the orientation deviation angle. For the BX sample with deviation angles of 5° and 7° (5,7), the yield strength is 987 MPa. However, when the orientation deviation angles increase to (4,16), (24,32), and (20,28), the yield strength declines to 708, 701, and 688 MPa, respectively. Electron backscatter diffraction results reveal that orientation rotation is dominated by the {111}<110> slip system during tensile deformation, and the rotation direction of the grains can be influenced by adjacent grains. Additionally, grain boundaries (GB) constrain orientation rotation, as the strength at the GB exceeds that within the grain, causing the slip bands to stop moving near the GB. At the same horizontal position, the farther from the GB, the greater the orientation change. The primary reason for the elongation degradation in BX is the difficulty in coordinating the rotation directions during deformation due to the orientation differences between the two crystals.","PeriodicalId":16154,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science & Technology","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147380872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-05DOI: 10.1016/j.jmst.2026.02.013
Zheng Wang, Feng Chen, Tao Shi, Qun Zhou, Yuhui Chen, Bin Hu, Haiwen Luo
The fatigue behavior of an ultraclean 100Cr6 bearing steel produced by vacuum induction melting and vacuum arc remelting was investigated to elucidate the competing roles of inclusions and microstructure. Rotating bending fatigue tests were conducted on samples subjected to conventional quenching and tempering (QT) and gradient quenching and tempering (GQT). In the QT samples, fatigue cracks initiated at both microstructural defects and inclusions, with microstructure-induced failures dominating. The ultraclean steel exhibited an unprecedented fatigue strength of 1108 MPa after QT treatment, which further increased to 1160 MPa after GQT due to grain refinement that suppressed microstructure-induced cracking. Critical crack-initiating sizes were determined as 10.5 µm for complex inclusions, 6.1 µm for TiN, and 6.8 µm for prior austenite grain in the bearing steels. Transition boundaries among these three failure mechanisms were established and, when combined with maximum crack source sizes estimated by the Statistics of Extreme Values method, successfully predicted the dominant crack initiation sources in QT, GQT, and previously reported lower-cleanliness QT-electric arc furnace bearing steels. Furthermore, a fatigue life predictive model was developed, accurately capturing the fatigue behavior of steels with varying cleanliness levels and microstructural characteristics. These findings provide new insights into optimizing ultraclean bearing steels by controlling inclusions during steelmaking and tailoring microstructures through heat treatment to further enhance fatigue performance.
研究了真空感应熔炼和真空电弧重熔制备的超纯净100Cr6轴承钢的疲劳行为，以阐明夹杂物和显微组织的竞争作用。对常规淬火回火（QT）和梯度淬火回火（GQT）试样进行了旋转弯曲疲劳试验。在QT样品中，微观组织缺陷和夹杂都引发了疲劳裂纹，微观组织诱发的失效占主导地位。QT处理后，超净钢的疲劳强度达到了前所未有的1108 MPa，而GQT处理后，由于晶粒细化抑制了显微组织引起的裂纹，超净钢的疲劳强度进一步提高到1160 MPa。确定的临界裂纹起始尺寸为：复杂夹杂物10.5µm, TiN 6.1µm，轴承钢中奥氏体晶粒6.8µm。建立了这三种失效机制之间的过渡边界，并结合极值统计方法估计的最大裂纹源尺寸，成功预测了QT、GQT和先前报道的低洁净度QT-电弧炉轴承钢的主要裂纹起裂源。此外，建立了疲劳寿命预测模型，准确地捕捉了不同清洁度和显微组织特征钢的疲劳行为。这些发现为通过控制炼钢过程中的夹杂物和通过热处理调整显微组织以进一步提高疲劳性能来优化超净轴承钢提供了新的见解。
{"title":"Competition between inclusion- and microstructure-induced fatigue failure in ultraclean 100Cr6 bearing steel","authors":"Zheng Wang, Feng Chen, Tao Shi, Qun Zhou, Yuhui Chen, Bin Hu, Haiwen Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.jmst.2026.02.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2026.02.013","url":null,"abstract":"The fatigue behavior of an ultraclean 100Cr6 bearing steel produced by vacuum induction melting and vacuum arc remelting was investigated to elucidate the competing roles of inclusions and microstructure. Rotating bending fatigue tests were conducted on samples subjected to conventional quenching and tempering (QT) and gradient quenching and tempering (GQT). In the QT samples, fatigue cracks initiated at both microstructural defects and inclusions, with microstructure-induced failures dominating. The ultraclean steel exhibited an unprecedented fatigue strength of 1108 MPa after QT treatment, which further increased to 1160 MPa after GQT due to grain refinement that suppressed microstructure-induced cracking. Critical crack-initiating sizes were determined as 10.5 µm for complex inclusions, 6.1 µm for TiN, and 6.8 µm for prior austenite grain in the bearing steels. Transition boundaries among these three failure mechanisms were established and, when combined with maximum crack source sizes estimated by the Statistics of Extreme Values method, successfully predicted the dominant crack initiation sources in QT, GQT, and previously reported lower-cleanliness QT-electric arc furnace bearing steels. Furthermore, a fatigue life predictive model was developed, accurately capturing the fatigue behavior of steels with varying cleanliness levels and microstructural characteristics. These findings provide new insights into optimizing ultraclean bearing steels by controlling inclusions during steelmaking and tailoring microstructures through heat treatment to further enhance fatigue performance.","PeriodicalId":16154,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science & Technology","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147359764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Laminated aluminum alloy is a candidate material used in aerospace, automotive, and defense industries, owing to its superior mechanical properties, i.e., energy absorption and damping, compared to a homogenous one. However, the relatively low compressive strength has become a prominent problem for this alloy applied in protective structures. In this work, a novel micron pure aluminum layer enhanced laminated aluminum alloy composite (MLAC) was designed by a successive plating and rolling process. In comparison with the traditional laminated aluminum alloy composite, the compressive strength of the MLAC can be increased by ∼35 MPa, due to the introduction of a micron aluminum layer. During compression of MLAC, the pure aluminum layers preferentially activate dislocation glide, dissipating stress energy of concentration regions and promoting homogenization of macroscopic stress. This process induces grain orientation randomization and texture evolution, thereby enhancing the isotropy of this alloy. Additionally, isotropy facilitates the activation of multiple slip systems along different directions, reducing the risk of dislocation entanglement and slip system saturation. As a result, the MLAC demonstrates enhanced adaptability to complex loading conditions and improved structural stability, which improves compressive strength. This work may provide a new idea for the design and development of laminates with excellent compressive properties in the future.
{"title":"Achieving isotropic deformation and enhanced compressive properties in laminated aluminum alloys through micron-scale pure aluminum interlayers","authors":"Yufeng Song, Ziyi Teng, Yuqiang Chen, Dingding Lu, Qiang Hu, Xuefeng Ding, Wenhui Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jmst.2026.01.059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2026.01.059","url":null,"abstract":"Laminated aluminum alloy is a candidate material used in aerospace, automotive, and defense industries, owing to its superior mechanical properties, <em>i.e.</em>, energy absorption and damping, compared to a homogenous one. However, the relatively low compressive strength has become a prominent problem for this alloy applied in protective structures. In this work, a novel micron pure aluminum layer enhanced laminated aluminum alloy composite (MLAC) was designed by a successive plating and rolling process. In comparison with the traditional laminated aluminum alloy composite, the compressive strength of the MLAC can be increased by ∼35 MPa, due to the introduction of a micron aluminum layer. During compression of MLAC, the pure aluminum layers preferentially activate dislocation glide, dissipating stress energy of concentration regions and promoting homogenization of macroscopic stress. This process induces grain orientation randomization and texture evolution, thereby enhancing the isotropy of this alloy. Additionally, isotropy facilitates the activation of multiple slip systems along different directions, reducing the risk of dislocation entanglement and slip system saturation. As a result, the MLAC demonstrates enhanced adaptability to complex loading conditions and improved structural stability, which improves compressive strength. This work may provide a new idea for the design and development of laminates with excellent compressive properties in the future.","PeriodicalId":16154,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science & Technology","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147359765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-05DOI: 10.1016/j.jmst.2026.02.018
Jing Ye Jin, Mo Wei, Yu Hui Huang, Qing Wei Zhou, Kai Xin Song, Bing Liu
Achieving a near-zero temperature coefficient of resonant frequency (τf) while maintaining high quality factor (Q), typically reported as Q × f (Qf), in microwave dielectric ceramics is a significant challenge. In this work, a core-shell structural engineering strategy is proposed for efficient τf regulation in MgF2–0.5 wt% LiF (MFL0.5) ceramics, which exhibit excellent microwave dielectric performance (εr = 5.09, Qf = 100,733 GHz) but suffer from a large negative τf (−67.4 ppm/°C). Instead of dispersing temperature-compensation phases throughout the matrix, a pre-densified TiO2 ceramic with positive τf is introduced as a compact core embedded within the MFL0.5 shell, forming an integrated core-shell architecture. Experimental results show that a near-zero τf of −1.97 ppm/°C can be achieved with only ∼1.27 wt% TiO2, while retaining a high Qf value of 50,302 GHz. In contrast, conventional MFL0.5–TiO2 composite ceramics require 20 wt% TiO2 to achieve similar τf compensation, resulting in a significant decrease in Qf to 25,933 GHz. Electric-field distribution simulations highlight the enhanced electric filling factor of the TiO2 core, which plays a key role in efficient τf regulation. This core-shell architecture provides a highly effective strategy for regulating τf with minimal dielectric loss penalty, offering a promising pathway for the development of high-performance, low-εr microwave dielectric ceramics for advanced communication systems.
{"title":"Core–shell structural engineering for efficient τf regulation in low-loss MgF2-based microwave dielectric ceramics","authors":"Jing Ye Jin, Mo Wei, Yu Hui Huang, Qing Wei Zhou, Kai Xin Song, Bing Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jmst.2026.02.018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2026.02.018","url":null,"abstract":"Achieving a near-zero temperature coefficient of resonant frequency (<em>τ<sub>f</sub></em>) while maintaining high quality factor (<em>Q</em>), typically reported as <em>Q</em> × <em>f</em> (<em>Qf</em>), in microwave dielectric ceramics is a significant challenge. In this work, a core-shell structural engineering strategy is proposed for efficient <em>τ<sub>f</sub></em> regulation in MgF<sub>2</sub>–0.5 wt% LiF (MFL0.5) ceramics, which exhibit excellent microwave dielectric performance (<em>ε</em><sub>r</sub> = 5.09, <em>Qf</em> = 100,733 GHz) but suffer from a large negative <em>τ<sub>f</sub></em> (−67.4 ppm/°C). Instead of dispersing temperature-compensation phases throughout the matrix, a pre-densified TiO<sub>2</sub> ceramic with positive <em>τ<sub>f</sub></em> is introduced as a compact core embedded within the MFL0.5 shell, forming an integrated core-shell architecture. Experimental results show that a near-zero <em>τ<sub>f</sub></em> of −1.97 ppm/°C can be achieved with only ∼1.27 wt% TiO<sub>2</sub>, while retaining a high <em>Qf</em> value of 50,302 GHz. In contrast, conventional MFL0.5–TiO<sub>2</sub> composite ceramics require 20 wt% TiO<sub>2</sub> to achieve similar <em>τ<sub>f</sub></em> compensation, resulting in a significant decrease in <em>Qf</em> to 25,933 GHz. Electric-field distribution simulations highlight the enhanced electric filling factor of the TiO<sub>2</sub> core, which plays a key role in efficient <em>τ<sub>f</sub></em> regulation. This core-shell architecture provides a highly effective strategy for regulating <em>τ<sub>f</sub></em> with minimal dielectric loss penalty, offering a promising pathway for the development of high-performance, low-<em>ε</em><sub>r</sub> microwave dielectric ceramics for advanced communication systems.","PeriodicalId":16154,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science & Technology","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147359663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Spinal cord injury (SCI) seriously hinders patients’ mobility and affects their quality of life. Current treatment is usually limited by the inadequate ideal neuronal regeneration. This study investigated the potential of a novel near-infrared (NIR)-responsive nanomaterial, black phosphorus quantum dots (BPQDs)@H, to enhance neuroprotection and recovery following SCI. We used an integrated approach that included preparation and characterization of BPQDs@H, in vitro cytotoxicity assays, biocompatibility analyses, and in vivo experiments using a mouse model of SCI. The results indicated that BPQDs@H could effectively modulate the inflammation and apoptosis of neurons by decreasing reactive oxygen species levels, which are associated with increased cell survival and improved mitochondrial function. Furthermore, BPQDs exhibited effective photothermal effects under NIR light irradiation, allowing localized drug enrichment at lesion sites. Motor behavior and histological analyses demonstrated that BPQDs@H promoted neuronal regeneration and enhanced motor function recovery in SCI models. Treatment with BPQDs@H activated neuronal repair and related signaling pathways, thereby increasing the neuronal survival rate. In conclusion, BPQDs@H are a promising drug candidate for the treatment of SCI, offering a novel approach for mitigating neuronal damage and facilitating recovery.
{"title":"Development of a thermo-responsive therapeutic hydrogel for spinal cord injury repair via modulating oxidative stress microenvironment and improving mitochondrial function","authors":"Guanyu Chen, Zelin Sang, Yumei Li, Shuangshuang Chen, Zhenhua Chen, Lingyun Jia","doi":"10.1016/j.jmst.2026.01.058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2026.01.058","url":null,"abstract":"Spinal cord injury (SCI) seriously hinders patients’ mobility and affects their quality of life. Current treatment is usually limited by the inadequate ideal neuronal regeneration. This study investigated the potential of a novel near-infrared (NIR)-responsive nanomaterial, black phosphorus quantum dots (BPQDs)@H, to enhance neuroprotection and recovery following SCI. We used an integrated approach that included preparation and characterization of BPQDs@H, <em>in vitro</em> cytotoxicity assays, biocompatibility analyses, and <em>in vivo</em> experiments using a mouse model of SCI. The results indicated that BPQDs@H could effectively modulate the inflammation and apoptosis of neurons by decreasing reactive oxygen species levels, which are associated with increased cell survival and improved mitochondrial function. Furthermore, BPQDs exhibited effective photothermal effects under NIR light irradiation, allowing localized drug enrichment at lesion sites. Motor behavior and histological analyses demonstrated that BPQDs@H promoted neuronal regeneration and enhanced motor function recovery in SCI models. Treatment with BPQDs@H activated neuronal repair and related signaling pathways, thereby increasing the neuronal survival rate. In conclusion, BPQDs@H are a promising drug candidate for the treatment of SCI, offering a novel approach for mitigating neuronal damage and facilitating recovery.","PeriodicalId":16154,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science & Technology","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147359664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-05DOI: 10.1016/j.jmst.2026.02.015
Mingkai Li, Neng Ren, Tao Yang, Ruiyao Zhang, Long Zeng, Mingxu Xia, Jianguo Li, Jun Li
{"title":"Metal jet printing Cu15Ni8Sn alloy: Forming shape, species transport, and microstructure","authors":"Mingkai Li, Neng Ren, Tao Yang, Ruiyao Zhang, Long Zeng, Mingxu Xia, Jianguo Li, Jun Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jmst.2026.02.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2026.02.015","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16154,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science & Technology","volume":"225 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147360557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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