M. Hoole, A. Sheridan, Angela Boyle, Thomas J. Booth, Selina Brace, Y. Diekmann, I. Olalde, Mark George Thomas, I. Barnes, J. Evans, C. Chenery, H. Sloane, Hew Morrison, S. Fraser, S. Timpany, D. Hamilton
This contribution describes the discovery and subsequent investigation of a cist in a rock-cut pit at Achavanich, Highland. Discovered and excavated in 1987, the cist was found to contain the tightly contracted skeletal remains of a young woman, accompanied by a Beaker, three flint artefacts and a cattle scapula. Initial post excavation work established a date for the skeleton together with details of her age and sex, and preliminary pollen analysis of sediments attaching to the Beaker was undertaken. The findings were never fully published and, upon the death of the excavator, Robert Gourlay, the documentary archive was left in the Highland Council Archaeology Unit. Fresh research in 2014–17, initiated and co-ordinated by the first-named author and funded by the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland with assistance from National Museums Scotland, the Natural History Museum and Harvard Medical School, has produced a significant amount of new information on the individual and on some of the items with which she was buried. This new information includes two further radiocarbon dates, a more detailed osteological report, isotopic information pertaining to the place where she had been raised and to her diet, histological information on the decomposition of her body, and genetic information that sheds light on her ancestry, her hair, eye and skin colour and her intolerance of lactose. (This is the first time that an ancient DNA report has been published in the Proceedings.) Moreover, a facial reconstruction adds virtual flesh to her bones. The significance of this discovery within the Chalcolithic to Early Bronze Age of this part of Scotland is discussed, along with the many and innovative ways in which information on this individual, dubbed ‘Ava’, has been disseminated around the world.
{"title":"‘Ava’: a Beaker-associated woman from a cist at Achavanich, Highland, and the story of her (re-)discovery and subsequent study","authors":"M. Hoole, A. Sheridan, Angela Boyle, Thomas J. Booth, Selina Brace, Y. Diekmann, I. Olalde, Mark George Thomas, I. Barnes, J. Evans, C. Chenery, H. Sloane, Hew Morrison, S. Fraser, S. Timpany, D. Hamilton","doi":"10.9750/PSAS.147.1250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9750/PSAS.147.1250","url":null,"abstract":"This contribution describes the discovery and subsequent investigation of a cist in a rock-cut pit at Achavanich, Highland. Discovered and excavated in 1987, the cist was found to contain the tightly contracted skeletal remains of a young woman, accompanied by a Beaker, three flint artefacts and a cattle scapula. Initial post excavation work established a date for the skeleton together with details of her age and sex, and preliminary pollen analysis of sediments attaching to the Beaker was undertaken. The findings were never fully published and, upon the death of the excavator, Robert Gourlay, the documentary archive was left in the Highland Council Archaeology Unit. Fresh research in 2014–17, initiated and co-ordinated by the first-named author and funded by the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland with assistance from National Museums Scotland, the Natural History Museum and Harvard Medical School, has produced a significant amount of new information on the individual and on some of the items with which she was buried. This new information includes two further radiocarbon dates, a more detailed osteological report, isotopic information pertaining to the place where she had been raised and to her diet, histological information on the decomposition of her body, and genetic information that sheds light on her ancestry, her hair, eye and skin colour and her intolerance of lactose. (This is the first time that an ancient DNA report has been published in the Proceedings.) Moreover, a facial reconstruction adds virtual flesh to her bones. The significance of this discovery within the Chalcolithic to Early Bronze Age of this part of Scotland is discussed, along with the many and innovative ways in which information on this individual, dubbed ‘Ava’, has been disseminated around the world.","PeriodicalId":161764,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133961501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A fragment of carved stone known as ‘Lerwick’ (NMS X.IB.19) is argued to have come, most probably, from the Pictish levels at Jarlshof, Dunrossness, Shetland, sometime before June 1861. The stone bears part of a Pictish crescent symbol on one side and part of a cross-of-arcs embellished with decorated lentoid forms on the other. The symbol-bearing cross-slab from which the fragment comes probably dates to the 7th century and may have stood in or near a churchyard at Jarlshof. It is compared with the cross-slabs from Papil and Bressay and with fragments of similar Shetland stones, and its place in the development of the cross-of-arcs is discussed.
{"title":"Another Pictish cross-of-arcs: an old find from Shetland re-interpreted","authors":"A. Ritchie","doi":"10.9750/psas.147.1238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9750/psas.147.1238","url":null,"abstract":"A fragment of carved stone known as ‘Lerwick’ (NMS X.IB.19) is argued to have come, most probably, from the Pictish levels at Jarlshof, Dunrossness, Shetland, sometime before June 1861. The stone bears part of a Pictish crescent symbol on one side and part of a cross-of-arcs embellished with decorated lentoid forms on the other. The symbol-bearing cross-slab from which the fragment comes probably dates to the 7th century and may have stood in or near a churchyard at Jarlshof. It is compared with the cross-slabs from Papil and Bressay and with fragments of similar Shetland stones, and its place in the development of the cross-of-arcs is discussed.","PeriodicalId":161764,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133232664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Sainte-Chapelle at Vic-le-Comte is one of the most important religious buildings surviving from the 16th century in the Auvergne. It was the last of ten French royal and ducal chapels founded, broadly following the precedent set by Louis IX’s foundation of the Parisian Sainte-Chapelle in 1248. The primary function of this, and the other Saintes-Chapelles, was to provide a dignified structure within which to house fragments of the Passion relics inherited from Louis IX. For their patrons, such foundations served as important public expressions of piety, advertised the patrons’ connections to the French crown, and simultaneously functioned as valuable diplomatic tools, encouraging important guests to venerate their relics. The Sainte-Chapelle at Vic-le-Comte has received limited scholarly attention, particularly in relation to its patron John Stuart, Duke of Albany, and his position as Regent of Scotland. This paper examines this foundation and its ambitious programme of decoration in relation to the aims and ambitions of its founder. The motivations behind the project are analysed in relation to Albany’s position in Scotland, his growing prominence in France, and his strengthening ties to the Florentine Medici family. Investigated in relation to other examples of his patronage, Albany’s foundation demonstrates how issues of ancient lineage, sacred kingship, and dynastic commemoration were of central importance.
{"title":"The artistic patronage of John Stuart, Duke of Albany, 1520–30","authors":"Bryony Coombs","doi":"10.9750/PSAS.147.1251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9750/PSAS.147.1251","url":null,"abstract":"The Sainte-Chapelle at Vic-le-Comte is one of the most important religious buildings surviving from the 16th century in the Auvergne. It was the last of ten French royal and ducal chapels founded, broadly following the precedent set by Louis IX’s foundation of the Parisian Sainte-Chapelle in 1248. The primary function of this, and the other Saintes-Chapelles, was to provide a dignified structure within which to house fragments of the Passion relics inherited from Louis IX. For their patrons, such foundations served as important public expressions of piety, advertised the patrons’ connections to the French crown, and simultaneously functioned as valuable diplomatic tools, encouraging important guests to venerate their relics. The Sainte-Chapelle at Vic-le-Comte has received limited scholarly attention, particularly in relation to its patron John Stuart, Duke of Albany, and his position as Regent of Scotland. This paper examines this foundation and its ambitious programme of decoration in relation to the aims and ambitions of its founder. The motivations behind the project are analysed in relation to Albany’s position in Scotland, his growing prominence in France, and his strengthening ties to the Florentine Medici family. Investigated in relation to other examples of his patronage, Albany’s foundation demonstrates how issues of ancient lineage, sacred kingship, and dynastic commemoration were of central importance.","PeriodicalId":161764,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland","volume":"118 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113991297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kisimul Castle was taken into the guardianship of Historic Scotland in 2000 and, in order to inform any future works for its upkeep, a programme of archaeological evaluation, building recording and historical research was undertaken in 2001. Following on from this, a detailed programme of post-excavation analysis and research was conducted in 2011–12. The historical and architectural work has been published as Part 1 (Holden 2017). This Part 2 covers the archaeological work. While frustratingly little was revealed by the archaeology in terms of the construction of the castle, it did identify evidence for prehistoric as well as post-medieval occupation. The finds, including a significant quantity of craggan ware pottery and an exquisite gold lace tag, provide an evocative picture of life on the isle and its inhabitants.
{"title":"Kisimul, Isle of Barra part 2","authors":"J. Franklin, J. Lochrie","doi":"10.9750/PSAS.147.1220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9750/PSAS.147.1220","url":null,"abstract":"Kisimul Castle was taken into the guardianship of Historic Scotland in 2000 and, in order to inform any future works for its upkeep, a programme of archaeological evaluation, building recording and historical research was undertaken in 2001. Following on from this, a detailed programme of post-excavation analysis and research was conducted in 2011–12. The historical and architectural work has been published as Part 1 (Holden 2017). This Part 2 covers the archaeological work. While frustratingly little was revealed by the archaeology in terms of the construction of the castle, it did identify evidence for prehistoric as well as post-medieval occupation. The finds, including a significant quantity of craggan ware pottery and an exquisite gold lace tag, provide an evocative picture of life on the isle and its inhabitants.","PeriodicalId":161764,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123564045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Obituary: Jenny Wormald","authors":"A. Groundwater","doi":"10.9750/PSAS.147.0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9750/PSAS.147.0002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":161764,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133972436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Anderson, Melanie Johnson, A. Clarke, M. Cressey, M. Hastie
A large prehistoric pit was uncovered during a watching brief on a water main installation. The pit was partially stone-lined and two small scoops were identified at the base. These contained one complete and one partial Beaker vessel. The fills of the pit produced a small quantity of cremated human bone which represented a minimum of four individuals (three adults and a juvenile). Also mixed into the fills were sherds of other Beaker vessels, a few lithics, a stone axehead, and fragments of Neolithic pottery. Radiocarbon determinations produced early Neolithic dates for four samples of human bone and a grain of wheat, and one human bone sample produced a Bronze Age date later than the generally accepted currency of Beaker pottery production in Scotland. Interpretation of this strange collection of material is discussed with reference to Neolithic and Bronze Age burial practices; the evidence for the use of this pit in the Neolithic for cremation burial is a rare find and provides a valuable contribution to our understanding of this period and type of monument.
{"title":"A prehistoric cremation burial at Duns Law Farm, near Duns, Scottish Borders","authors":"S. Anderson, Melanie Johnson, A. Clarke, M. Cressey, M. Hastie","doi":"10.9750/PSAS.147.1167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9750/PSAS.147.1167","url":null,"abstract":"A large prehistoric pit was uncovered during a watching brief on a water main installation. The pit was partially stone-lined and two small scoops were identified at the base. These contained one complete and one partial Beaker vessel. The fills of the pit produced a small quantity of cremated human bone which represented a minimum of four individuals (three adults and a juvenile). Also mixed into the fills were sherds of other Beaker vessels, a few lithics, a stone axehead, and fragments of Neolithic pottery. Radiocarbon determinations produced early Neolithic dates for four samples of human bone and a grain of wheat, and one human bone sample produced a Bronze Age date later than the generally accepted currency of Beaker pottery production in Scotland. Interpretation of this strange collection of material is discussed with reference to Neolithic and Bronze Age burial practices; the evidence for the use of this pit in the Neolithic for cremation burial is a rare find and provides a valuable contribution to our understanding of this period and type of monument.","PeriodicalId":161764,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129708342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Obituary: John Dunbar","authors":"G. Stell","doi":"10.9750/psas.147.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9750/psas.147.0003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":161764,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130476873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-11-30DOI: 10.9750/psas.145.427.440
C. Gilmour
Alexander Henry Rhind (1833–63) was one of the earliest exponents of scientific techniques and methodology in archaeological excavations, but the last in-depth survey of his life and career in the field was published in the year after his death. He undertook fieldwork in Scotland before travelling to Egypt for health reasons. There, he applied for a permit to excavate and some of his subsequent acquisitions and finds are among the finest in the collections of the British Museum and National Museums Scotland. He advocated for proper recognition and protection of monuments, in Britain and abroad, and implemented publication standards and excavation and recording methods followed by others. He may be called the first educated archaeologist to work in Egypt and publish his finds, and he left bequests to ensure the continuation of his work and to assist the work of others, such as the establishment of the prestigious annual Rhind Lecture Series. Some of his Scottish fieldwork and publications are relatively well known to scholars in this area, but he is also known to Egyptologists for artefacts such as the Rhind Mathematical Papyrus and his seminal volume Thebes: Its Tombs and Their Tenants. This paper revisits his life, with emphasis on his work beyond Scotland and his impact on the study of ancient Egypt.
亚历山大·亨利·莱茵德(Alexander Henry Rhind, 1833-63)是最早在考古发掘中运用科学技术和方法的倡导者之一，但关于他在该领域的生活和职业的最后一次深入调查是在他去世后的一年出版的。在因健康原因前往埃及之前，他在苏格兰进行了实地考察。在那里，他申请了挖掘许可证，他后来的一些收购和发现是大英博物馆和苏格兰国家博物馆收藏的最好的藏品之一。他主张在英国和国外对古迹进行适当的承认和保护，并实施了出版标准和挖掘和记录方法。他可能被称为第一个在埃及工作并发表他的发现的受过教育的考古学家，他留下了遗产，以确保他的工作继续下去，并协助其他人的工作，例如建立了享有盛誉的年度莱茵德系列讲座。他在苏格兰的一些田野调查和出版物在该地区的学者中相对知名，但埃及古物学家也知道他的手工艺品，如莱茵德数学纸莎草和他的开创性著作《底比斯:它的坟墓和他们的房客》。本文回顾了他的一生，重点是他在苏格兰以外的工作以及他对古埃及研究的影响。
{"title":"Alexander Henry Rhind (1833–63)","authors":"C. Gilmour","doi":"10.9750/psas.145.427.440","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9750/psas.145.427.440","url":null,"abstract":"Alexander Henry Rhind (1833–63) was one of the earliest exponents of scientific techniques and methodology in archaeological excavations, but the last in-depth survey of his life and career in the field was published in the year after his death. He undertook fieldwork in Scotland before travelling to Egypt for health reasons. There, he applied for a permit to excavate and some of his subsequent acquisitions and finds are among the finest in the collections of the British Museum and National Museums Scotland. He advocated for proper recognition and protection of monuments, in Britain and abroad, and implemented publication standards and excavation and recording methods followed by others. He may be called the first educated archaeologist to work in Egypt and publish his finds, and he left bequests to ensure the continuation of his work and to assist the work of others, such as the establishment of the prestigious annual Rhind Lecture Series. Some of his Scottish fieldwork and publications are relatively well known to scholars in this area, but he is also known to Egyptologists for artefacts such as the Rhind Mathematical Papyrus and his seminal volume Thebes: Its Tombs and Their Tenants. This paper revisits his life, with emphasis on his work beyond Scotland and his impact on the study of ancient Egypt.","PeriodicalId":161764,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland","volume":"94 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114468160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-11-30DOI: 10.9750/psas.145.125.151
M. Gondek, G. Noble
This article outlines the results of two related but distinct aspects of fieldwork: a geophysical survey of the Rhynie cropmark complex and a small targeted excavation conducted in 2005–6, which are both part of the Rhynie Environs Archaeological Project (REAP). The geophysical surveys included a substantial gradiometer and a smaller resistivity survey that aimed to characterise and explore the extent and survival of archaeology around the Craw Stane Pictish symbol stone (NJ42NE 35) and two other symbol stone findspots. The results showed several discrete anomalies; one of these was targeted by a small-scale excavation and proved to be a burnt Middle Bronze Age timber structure. This article describes the geophysical survey results and the excavation of the MBA structure and sets both within their landscape context.
{"title":"The land before symbol stones","authors":"M. Gondek, G. Noble","doi":"10.9750/psas.145.125.151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9750/psas.145.125.151","url":null,"abstract":"This article outlines the results of two related but distinct aspects of fieldwork: a geophysical survey of the Rhynie cropmark complex and a small targeted excavation conducted in 2005–6, which are both part of the Rhynie Environs Archaeological Project (REAP). The geophysical surveys included a substantial gradiometer and a smaller resistivity survey that aimed to characterise and explore the extent and survival of archaeology around the Craw Stane Pictish symbol stone (NJ42NE 35) and two other symbol stone findspots. The results showed several discrete anomalies; one of these was targeted by a small-scale excavation and proved to be a burnt Middle Bronze Age timber structure. This article describes the geophysical survey results and the excavation of the MBA structure and sets both within their landscape context.","PeriodicalId":161764,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland","volume":"267 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122080697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-11-30DOI: 10.9750/psas.145.307.340
R. Mowat, T. Cowie, A. Crone, G. Cavers
Three timbers held in store at the National Museums of Scotland have been identified as the incomplete remains of a logboat that was found in the River Conon near Dingwall in 1874. Notwithstanding their poor condition, they were felt to justify dating (by both radiocarbon and dendrochronology), laser scanning (to create a ‘virtual’ reconstruction) and re-publication, subsequent to that by Mowat (1996: 22, 24, no 28 and 86, nos A21–22). Radiocarbon dating showed the vessel to be of medieval date, while tree-ring evidence indicated that it was probably fashioned in the late 13th or early 14th centuries from an oak tree of some 300 years growth. This is the first logboat in Scotland to be dated by dendrochronology, and the results significantly extend the coverage of Scottish medieval tree-ring dates north of Inverness. Specific features suggest that the remains may have formed one element within a vessel of paired (or possibly multiple) form, intended for the cross-river transport of heavy loads. These results invite wider consideration of the role of simple or ‘undeveloped’ types of watercraft in riverine transport in Highland Scotland and elsewhere.
保存在苏格兰国家博物馆的三根木材被确认为1874年在丁沃尔附近的康农河发现的一艘圆木船的残片。尽管它们的状况很差，但在Mowat (1996: 22, 24, no 28和86,no A21-22)之后，它们被认为有理由进行年代测定(通过放射性碳和树木年代学)，激光扫描(创建“虚拟”重建)和重新出版。放射性碳年代测定法显示，这艘船是中世纪的，而树木年轮的证据表明，它可能是在13世纪末或14世纪初由一棵生长了300年的橡树制成的。这是苏格兰第一艘用树木年轮测定年代的原木船，其结果大大扩展了因弗内斯以北苏格兰中世纪树木年轮测定的范围。具体特征表明，遗骸可能在一对(或可能多重)形式的容器中形成一个元件，用于跨河运输重物。这些结果促使人们更广泛地考虑苏格兰高地和其他地方的河流运输中简单或“未开发”类型的船只的作用。
{"title":"A medieval logboat from the River Conon","authors":"R. Mowat, T. Cowie, A. Crone, G. Cavers","doi":"10.9750/psas.145.307.340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9750/psas.145.307.340","url":null,"abstract":"Three timbers held in store at the National Museums of Scotland have been identified as the incomplete remains of a logboat that was found in the River Conon near Dingwall in 1874. Notwithstanding their poor condition, they were felt to justify dating (by both radiocarbon and dendrochronology), laser scanning (to create a ‘virtual’ reconstruction) and re-publication, subsequent to that by Mowat (1996: 22, 24, no 28 and 86, nos A21–22). Radiocarbon dating showed the vessel to be of medieval date, while tree-ring evidence indicated that it was probably fashioned in the late 13th or early 14th centuries from an oak tree of some 300 years growth. This is the first logboat in Scotland to be dated by dendrochronology, and the results significantly extend the coverage of Scottish medieval tree-ring dates north of Inverness. Specific features suggest that the remains may have formed one element within a vessel of paired (or possibly multiple) form, intended for the cross-river transport of heavy loads. These results invite wider consideration of the role of simple or ‘undeveloped’ types of watercraft in riverine transport in Highland Scotland and elsewhere.","PeriodicalId":161764,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114247187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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