Pub Date : 2024-10-23DOI: 10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103489
Abdelbaset S. El-Sorogy, Khaled Al-kahtany, Talal Alharbi, Saad S. Alarifi
Soil heavy metal contamination is a worldwide environmental concern that presents considerable risks to ecosystems, agricultural progress, and human health. This study aims to evaluate the potential environmental and health hazards linked to the presence of arsenic (As), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn), and iron (Fe) in agricultural soil in Al Majma’ah governorate, Saudi Arabia. The contamination factor (CF), pollutant load index (PLI), chronic daily intake (CDI), hazard index (HI), and total lifetime cancer risk (LCR) were calculated for 34 soil samples. The results from the CF and PLI analysis demonstrate that the examined soil has a low contamination factor and is free from heavy metal pollution. The average CDI values for adults and children exhibited the following descending order: Fe > Zn > Cu > Pb > As. The highest HI values observed in adults ranged from 0.0375 (Fe) to 0.00019 (Zn), but in children, the range was from 0.3497 (Fe) to 0.0018 (Zn). The hazard index values for heavy metal(loid)s (HMs) in the Al Majma’ah area were all below 1.0, suggesting that residents in the area are not exposed to a significant non-carcinogenic risk. The LCR values ranged from 8.37E−06 to 7.80E-05 for As in both adults and children, and from 7.50E−08 to 6.98E-07 for Pb. The findings indicated a level of risk that was deemed acceptable or tolerable, without any significant adverse health effects.
{"title":"Distribution patterns, health hazards, and multivariate assessment of contamination sources of As, Pb, Ni, Zn, and Fe in agricultural soils","authors":"Abdelbaset S. El-Sorogy, Khaled Al-kahtany, Talal Alharbi, Saad S. Alarifi","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103489","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103489","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil heavy metal contamination is a worldwide environmental concern that presents considerable risks to ecosystems, agricultural progress, and human health. This study aims to evaluate the potential environmental and health hazards linked to the presence of arsenic (As), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn), and iron (Fe) in agricultural soil in Al Majma’ah governorate, Saudi Arabia. The contamination factor (CF), pollutant load index (PLI), chronic daily intake (CDI), hazard index (HI), and total lifetime cancer risk (LCR) were calculated for 34 soil samples. The results from the CF and PLI analysis demonstrate that the examined soil has a low contamination factor and is free from heavy metal pollution. The average CDI values for adults and children exhibited the following descending order: Fe > Zn > Cu > Pb > As. The highest HI values observed in adults ranged from 0.0375 (Fe) to 0.00019 (Zn), but in children, the range was from 0.3497 (Fe) to 0.0018 (Zn). The hazard index values for heavy metal(loid)s (HMs) in the Al Majma’ah area were all below 1.0, suggesting that residents in the area are not exposed to a significant non-carcinogenic risk. The LCR values ranged from 8.37E−06 to 7.80E-05 for As in both adults and children, and from 7.50E−08 to 6.98E-07 for Pb. The findings indicated a level of risk that was deemed acceptable or tolerable, without any significant adverse health effects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 11","pages":"Article 103489"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142534694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-23DOI: 10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103492
Aynur Bilmez Özçınar
Background
Soybean is an important crop for food security as it fulfills global oil requirements. Seed inoculation with bacteria is frequently used to increase its production; however, it could change the seed composition. Nevertheless, the genotypes respond differently to the bacteria. Therefore, it is necessary to assess the impact of Rhizobium bacteria on the seed composition.
Methods
This two-year (2018 and 2019) study investigated the effects of seed inoculation with Rhizobium japonicum on fatty acid composition of different soybean genotypes. Three frequently cultivated soybean genotypes, i.e., ‘Gapsoy16′, ‘Traksoy’, and ‘İlksoy’ were included in the study. The seeds were either inoculated with R. japonicum or sown without inoculation. The fatty acid profile, i.e., saturated fatty acids (palmitic and stearic acid) and unsaturated fatty acids (oleic, linoleic, linolenic, and arachidic acids) was determined, and the collected data were analyzed by single and multivariate analysis.
Results
Seed inoculation with R. japonicum significantly altered the fatty acid composition of different genotypes; however, varied effects were recorded for the genotype. Linoleic acid, oleic acid, and palmitic acid made up ∼ 33 % of total fatty acids in seeds. Linoleic acid contents varied between 30.78–34.02 %, whereas oleic acid contents ranged between 27.85–31.04 %. Similarly, palmitic acid contents differed between 15.53–16.93 %. The ‘İlksoy’ and ‘Gapsoy’ had the highest contents of palmitic and oleic acids, respectively. Overall, inoculation of bacteria increased the composition of unsaturated fatty acids and lowered saturated fatty acids.
Conclusion
Seed inoculation with R. japonicum increased the essential fatty acid composition in ‘Traksoy’ genotype. However, ‘İlksoy’ genotype recorded a decrease in unsaturated fatty acids. Therefore, ‘Traksoy’ can be inoculated with R. japonicum to improve fatty acid profile.
{"title":"Seed inoculation with Rhizobium japonium bacteria improved fatty acid composition of different soybean (Glycine max L.) genotypes","authors":"Aynur Bilmez Özçınar","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103492","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103492","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Soybean is an important crop for food security as it fulfills global oil requirements. Seed inoculation with bacteria is frequently used to increase its production; however, it could change the seed composition. Nevertheless, the genotypes respond differently to the bacteria. Therefore, it is necessary to assess the impact of <em>Rhizobium</em> bacteria on the seed composition.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This two-year (2018 and 2019) study investigated the effects of seed inoculation with <em>Rhizobium japonicum</em> on fatty acid composition of different soybean genotypes. Three frequently cultivated soybean genotypes, i.e., ‘Gapsoy16′, ‘Traksoy’, and ‘İlksoy’ were included in the study. The seeds were either inoculated with <em>R. japonicum</em> or sown without inoculation. The fatty acid profile, i.e., saturated fatty acids (palmitic and stearic acid) and unsaturated fatty acids (oleic, linoleic, linolenic, and arachidic acids) was determined, and the collected data were analyzed by single and multivariate analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Seed inoculation with <em>R. japonicum</em> significantly altered the fatty acid composition of different genotypes; however, varied effects were recorded for the genotype. Linoleic acid, oleic acid, and palmitic acid made up ∼ 33 % of total fatty acids in seeds. Linoleic acid contents varied between 30.78–34.02 %, whereas oleic acid contents ranged between 27.85–31.04 %. Similarly, palmitic acid contents differed between 15.53–16.93 %. The ‘İlksoy’ and ‘Gapsoy’ had the highest contents of palmitic and oleic acids, respectively. Overall, inoculation of bacteria increased the composition of unsaturated fatty acids and lowered saturated fatty acids.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Seed inoculation with <em>R. japonicum</em> increased the essential fatty acid composition in ‘Traksoy’ genotype. However, ‘İlksoy’ genotype recorded a decrease in unsaturated fatty acids. Therefore, ‘Traksoy’ can be inoculated with <em>R. japonicum</em> to improve fatty acid profile.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 11","pages":"Article 103492"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142551956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-22DOI: 10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103493
Kirill Azarin , Alexander Usatov , Tatiana Minkina , Ilya Alliluev , Nadezhda Duplii , Saglara Mandzhieva , Abhishek Singh , Vishnu D. Rajput , Sandeep Kumar , Marwa A. Fakhr , Mohamed S. Elshikh , M. Ajmal Ali , Karen Ghazaryan
The objective was investigated the effects of CdO and nano-CdO as potential toxic pollutants on growth and redox response of barley. CdO and nano-CdO have been found to cause significant phytotoxicity in barley seedlings, with nano-CdO increasing plant tissue cadmium accumulation. This accumulation is linked to growth retardation and oxidative stress. Low molecular weight antioxidants like restored glutathione and ascorbate have been found to increase the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione-S-transferase (GSTs), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) in green tissues. Catalase (CAT) activity increased from 50 % with 100 mg/l CdO to 70 % with 1000 mg/l and nano-CdO. The observed disturbance in redox balance signals the upregulation of corresponding genes. Antioxidant enzyme isoform gene transcripts increased for SODB, CAT2, and APX. Cadmium buildup in root cells causes oxidative stress, leading to upregulation of SOD, CAT, GR, and GSTs isoform genes as well as protein carbonylation, sulfhydryl group degradation, and MDA accumulation. CdO and nano-CdO have similar phytotoxic effects, but bioavailability affects biochemical and molecular responses.
{"title":"Impact nano- and micro- form of CdO on barley growth and oxidative stress response","authors":"Kirill Azarin , Alexander Usatov , Tatiana Minkina , Ilya Alliluev , Nadezhda Duplii , Saglara Mandzhieva , Abhishek Singh , Vishnu D. Rajput , Sandeep Kumar , Marwa A. Fakhr , Mohamed S. Elshikh , M. Ajmal Ali , Karen Ghazaryan","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103493","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103493","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The objective was investigated the effects of CdO and nano-CdO as potential toxic pollutants on growth and redox response of barley. CdO and nano-CdO have been found to cause significant phytotoxicity in barley seedlings, with nano-CdO increasing plant tissue cadmium accumulation. This accumulation is linked to growth retardation and oxidative stress. Low molecular weight antioxidants like restored glutathione and ascorbate have been found to increase the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione-S-transferase (GSTs), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) in green tissues. Catalase (CAT) activity increased from 50 % with 100 mg/l CdO to 70 % with 1000 mg/l and nano-CdO. The observed disturbance in redox balance signals the upregulation of corresponding genes. Antioxidant enzyme isoform gene transcripts increased for <em>SODB, CAT2,</em> and <em>APX</em>. Cadmium buildup in root cells causes oxidative stress, leading to upregulation of SOD, CAT, GR, and GSTs isoform genes as well as protein carbonylation, sulfhydryl group degradation, and MDA accumulation. CdO and nano-CdO have similar phytotoxic effects, but bioavailability affects biochemical and molecular responses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 11","pages":"Article 103493"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142534832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-21DOI: 10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103494
Abdullah M Alhadheq , Rana Alhadheq , Saad Alkahtani
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a type of malignancy that develops in the colon or rectal region. It develops due to abnormal growth and proliferation of cells in the lining of the colon, forming a tumor. This study included tissue samples (56 malignant and 56 matched normal samples). miRNAs were determined and retrieved from miRBase database and moderated by p53 gene. Expression levels of miRNA were varied. Only miR-223 revealed greater expression than normal matched tissue. mMiR-143, miR-4478, and miR-145 exhibited lower expression than matched normal tissue. Only miR-143 and miR-145 showed considerable variations in the expression among groups while miR-4478 did not demonstrate statistically substantial difference. In conclusion, this study highlights that upregulation of P53 and miR-223 and downregulation of miR-145 and miR-143 were associated with cancer advancement and unfavorable prognosis in Saudi CRC patients, indicating P53, miR-223, miR-145 and miR-143 to be novel and valuable signatures for predicting the outcomes for patients with CRC.
{"title":"Aberrant expression of miR-143/miR-223/miR4478 and miR145 as prognostic factor for colorectal cancer patients","authors":"Abdullah M Alhadheq , Rana Alhadheq , Saad Alkahtani","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103494","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103494","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a type of malignancy that develops in the colon or rectal region. It develops due to abnormal growth and proliferation of cells in the lining of the colon, forming a tumor. This study included tissue samples (56 malignant and 56 matched normal samples). miRNAs were determined and retrieved from miRBase database and moderated by p53 gene. Expression levels of miRNA were varied. Only miR-223 revealed greater expression than normal matched tissue. mMiR-143, miR-4478, and miR-145 exhibited lower expression than matched normal tissue. Only miR-143 and miR-145 showed considerable variations in the expression among groups while miR-4478 did not demonstrate statistically substantial difference. In conclusion, this study highlights that upregulation of P53 and miR-223 and downregulation of miR-145 and miR-143 were associated with cancer advancement and unfavorable prognosis in Saudi CRC patients, indicating P53, miR-223, miR-145 and miR-143 to be novel and valuable signatures for predicting the outcomes for patients with CRC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 11","pages":"Article 103494"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142534699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-21DOI: 10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103491
Anas Charbaoui , Mourad Guernouche , Azzouz Kchikach , Mohammed Jaffal , Abdessamad Hadri , Mihai Octavian Cimpoiasu , Samuel Zappalá , Mounir Amar , Oussama Khadiri Yazami
In arid regions like the Eastern Bahira Basin, communities mainly rely on groundwater for drinking and irrigation. However, efficiently managing these vital resources requires a deep understanding of the underlying aquifers’ structure and identifying the most suitable areas for exploitation. This presents a significant challenge for the success of water supply and irrigation programs in the Eastern Bahira Basin. This study is based on an integrative approach, combining Electrical Resistivity Tomography data, with the compilation and reinterpretation of pre-existing seismic, gravimetric and vertical electrical sounding data. This approach is based on compiling old gravimetric data and applying advanced processing techniques to determine the horizontal gradient maxima, which helps highlight the major structural alignments in the basin. Furthermore, the approach utilizes seismic data in order to enhance understanding of the deep structure of the basin, reinterpreting it in light of recent drilling data. The interpretation of the gravimetric and seismic data has also been validated by the results of vertical electrical soundings and electrical tomography that we recently acquired in the Eastern Bahira basin. The outcomes of this research provide new insights into the deep structure of the Eastern Bahira Basin and suggest the most promising hydrogeological prospects, thereby contributing to the success of the ongoing drinking water supply and irrigation program in the Eastern Bahira Basin.
{"title":"Understanding the impact of deep structures on the hydrological setting of the Eastern Bahira Basin in Morocco using combined geophysical analysis of gravity, seismic, and electrical resistivity data","authors":"Anas Charbaoui , Mourad Guernouche , Azzouz Kchikach , Mohammed Jaffal , Abdessamad Hadri , Mihai Octavian Cimpoiasu , Samuel Zappalá , Mounir Amar , Oussama Khadiri Yazami","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103491","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103491","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In arid regions like the Eastern Bahira Basin, communities mainly rely on groundwater for drinking and irrigation. However, efficiently managing these vital resources requires a deep understanding of the underlying aquifers’ structure and identifying the most suitable areas for exploitation. This presents a significant challenge for the success of water supply and irrigation programs in the Eastern Bahira Basin. This study is based on an integrative approach, combining Electrical Resistivity Tomography data, with the compilation and reinterpretation of pre-existing seismic, gravimetric and vertical electrical sounding data. This approach is based on compiling old gravimetric data and applying advanced processing techniques to determine the horizontal gradient maxima, which helps highlight the major structural alignments in the basin. Furthermore, the approach utilizes seismic data in order to enhance understanding of the deep structure of the basin, reinterpreting it in light of recent drilling data. The interpretation of the gravimetric and seismic data has also been validated by the results of vertical electrical soundings and electrical tomography that we recently acquired in the Eastern Bahira basin. The outcomes of this research provide new insights into the deep structure of the Eastern Bahira Basin and suggest the most promising hydrogeological prospects, thereby contributing to the success of the ongoing drinking water supply and irrigation program in the Eastern Bahira Basin.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 11","pages":"Article 103491"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142534693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-18DOI: 10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103488
Hanaa M. Hassan , Hanaa S.S. Gazwi , Inas Hussein Refaat , Asmaa Hussein Zaki , Marija Milošević , Salim S. Al-Rejaie , Mohamed Mohany , Eman E. Yassien
Cadmium (Cd) is a hazardous heavy metal with widespread environmental presence, posing significant threats to human and animal health. This study investigates the neurotoxic effects of Cd exposure and explores the therapeutic efficacy of Laurus nobilis L. in counteracting these adverse effects. Cd exposure induces oxidative stress and neurotoxicity, leading to neuronal damage and histopathological alterations. Laurus, known for its antioxidant properties, is assessed for its potential in mitigating Cd-induced neurotoxicity through in vitro antioxidant assays, GC–MS analysis, HPLC profiling, and experimental animal models. Results demonstrate that Laurus ethanolic extract exhibits significant antioxidant activity, attributed to its phenolic and flavonoid constituents. GC–MS analysis reveals various bioactive compounds in the extract, including Hexadecanoic acid methyl ester and (Z)-13-Docosenamide, which posses neuroprotective properties. HPLC analysis identifies phenolic compounds such as ellagic acid and flavonoids like rutin and kaempferol in the extract. In vivo studies in rats exposed to Cd demonstrate that Laurus extract administration mitigates Cd-induced alterations in body and brain weight, hematological parameters, liver and kidney function, oxidative stress markers, and acetylcholinesterase (AchE) activity. Histopathological examination confirms the protective effects of Laurus against Cd-induced neuronal damage. The SOD model, validated with high resolution (2.05 Å) and strong R values (work: 0.192, free: 0.236, observed: 0.194), shows strong structural stability (C-score: 0.30). Docking studies reveal high binding affinities of kaempferol (−8.1 kcal/mol) and rutin (−8.7 kcal/mol) with SOD with kaempferol demonstrating superior solubility, lipophilicity, and drug-likenessSimulation analysis confirms the protein’s flexibility and adaptability, highlighting its therapeutic potential, especially with kaempferol. These findings suggest the therapeutic potential of Laurus. as a natural remedy for Cd-induced neurotoxicity, highlighting its antioxidant and neuroprotective properties.
{"title":"Effects of Laurus extract against cadmium-induced neurotoxicity in rats","authors":"Hanaa M. Hassan , Hanaa S.S. Gazwi , Inas Hussein Refaat , Asmaa Hussein Zaki , Marija Milošević , Salim S. Al-Rejaie , Mohamed Mohany , Eman E. Yassien","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103488","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103488","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cadmium (Cd) is a hazardous heavy metal with widespread environmental presence, posing significant threats to human and animal health. This study investigates the neurotoxic effects of Cd exposure and explores the therapeutic efficacy of <em>Laurus nobilis</em> L. in counteracting these adverse effects. Cd exposure induces oxidative stress and neurotoxicity, leading to neuronal damage and histopathological alterations. <em>Laurus</em>, known for its antioxidant properties, is assessed for its potential in mitigating Cd-induced neurotoxicity through in vitro antioxidant assays, GC–MS analysis, HPLC profiling, and experimental animal models. Results demonstrate that <em>Laurus</em> ethanolic extract exhibits significant antioxidant activity, attributed to its phenolic and flavonoid constituents. GC–MS analysis reveals various bioactive compounds in the extract, including Hexadecanoic acid methyl ester and (Z)-13-Docosenamide, which posses neuroprotective properties. HPLC analysis identifies phenolic compounds such as ellagic acid and flavonoids like rutin and kaempferol in the extract. In vivo studies in rats exposed to Cd demonstrate that <em>Laurus</em> extract administration mitigates Cd-induced alterations in body and brain weight, hematological parameters, liver and kidney function, oxidative stress markers, and acetylcholinesterase (AchE) activity. Histopathological examination confirms the protective effects of <em>Laurus</em> against Cd-induced neuronal damage. The SOD model, validated with high resolution (2.05 Å) and strong R values (work: 0.192, free: 0.236, observed: 0.194), shows strong structural stability (C-score: 0.30). Docking studies reveal high binding affinities of kaempferol (−8.1 kcal/mol) and rutin (−8.7 kcal/mol) with SOD with kaempferol demonstrating superior solubility, lipophilicity, and drug-likenessSimulation analysis confirms the protein’s flexibility and adaptability, highlighting its therapeutic potential, especially with kaempferol. These findings suggest the therapeutic potential of <em>Laurus</em>. as a natural remedy for Cd-induced neurotoxicity, highlighting its antioxidant and neuroprotective properties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 11","pages":"Article 103488"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142534690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-16DOI: 10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103487
Chinnadurai Veeramani, Mohammed A. Alsaif, Muhammad Ibrar Khan, Ahmed S. El Newehy, Ali Alshammari, Khalid S. Al-Numair
Calcium oxide nanoparticles have possessed unique structural and numerous applications, including the food preservative, antimicrobial, and chemotherapeutic properties. The study’s goal was to identify and create calcium oxide-derived leaf extract nanoparticles from Acacia arabica (AA) and assess their effectiveness on fresh-cut fruit quality attributes. The calcium oxide nanoparticles (AACaN) produced using AA leaf extract by the simple precipitation method and the AACaN obtained were characterised and confirmed using various analytical techniques. Freshly sliced apple fruit as well as unsliced blueberry and blackberry were immersed in AACaN (10 and 20 µg/mL) at two different concentrations for five minutes before being put in packed polypropylene plastic bags and maintained at 5 °C. According to the quality evaluations of pH, DPPH, 2,2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hardness, total soluble solid content (TSS), and sensory analysis. AACaN at 20 µg/mL has the ability to preserve freshly cut fruits of apples as well as unsliced blueberries and blackberries, thereby effectively extending fruits 20-day shelf life in comparison to control (untreated) fruits. This study has concluded that the AA is an ideal source to synthesis calcium oxide nanoparticles, and it was proved by materially characterizing. Moreover, the AACaN at 20 µg/mL proved the apples, blueberry, and blackberry fruits shelf life, which also added a large nutritional value while maintaining a storage quality.
{"title":"Calcium nanoparticles produced by Acacia arabica leaf extract and their influence on fresh-cut fruit quality features","authors":"Chinnadurai Veeramani, Mohammed A. Alsaif, Muhammad Ibrar Khan, Ahmed S. El Newehy, Ali Alshammari, Khalid S. Al-Numair","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103487","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103487","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Calcium oxide nanoparticles have possessed unique structural and numerous applications, including the food preservative, antimicrobial, and chemotherapeutic properties. The study’s goal was to identify and create calcium oxide-derived leaf extract nanoparticles from <em>Acacia arabica</em> (AA) and assess their effectiveness on fresh-cut fruit quality attributes. The calcium oxide nanoparticles (AACaN) produced using AA leaf extract by the simple precipitation method and the AACaN obtained were characterised and confirmed using various analytical techniques. Freshly sliced apple fruit as well as unsliced blueberry and blackberry were immersed in AACaN (10 and 20 µg/mL) at two different concentrations for five minutes before being put in packed polypropylene plastic bags and maintained at 5 °C. According to the quality evaluations of pH, DPPH, 2,2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hardness, total soluble solid content (TSS), and sensory analysis. AACaN at 20 µg/mL has the ability to preserve freshly cut fruits of apples as well as unsliced blueberries and blackberries, thereby effectively extending fruits 20-day shelf life in comparison to control (untreated) fruits. This study has concluded that the AA is an ideal source to synthesis calcium oxide nanoparticles, and it was proved by materially characterizing. Moreover, the AACaN at 20 µg/mL proved the apples, blueberry, and blackberry fruits shelf life, which also added a large nutritional value while maintaining a storage quality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 11","pages":"Article 103487"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142534697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Proteins with domains of unknown function (DUF) play an essential role in the growth of plants. However, we conducted a study on the genome-wide identification of DUF789 genes and the functional evolution of different members of the DUF789 gene family in the Arabidopsis thaliana genome. A total of 11 AtDUF789s were discovered in the A. thaliana genome, and a phylogenetic tree was constructed using sequences from A. thaliana, G. max, Vitis vinifera, Solanum tuberosum, Medicago truncatula, and Sorghum bicolor. Gene structure analysis showed that the number of non-coding regions varied between 4 and 5, while the coding pattern ranged from 5 to 6. The promoter of AtDUF789s contains the cis-regulatory elements ABRE, MBS, and LTR, specifically. By analyzing the expression of the 11 AtDUF789s in tissues, we observed that these AtDUF789s were up-regulated in all observed tissues, which may indicate their involvement in plant growth. The study of the DUF789 gene family in A. thaliana provides new and valuable data for plant breeding and molecular studies.
{"title":"Genome-wide and expression analysis to understand the DUF789 gene family during development of Arabidopsis thaliana","authors":"Madiha Zaynab , Yasir Sharif , Rashid Al-Yahyai , Athar Hussain , Monther Sadder , Kahkashan Perveen , Najat A. Bukhari , Shuangfei Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103478","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103478","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Proteins with domains of unknown function (DUF) play an essential role in the growth of plants. However, we conducted a study on the genome-wide identification of <em>DUF789</em> genes and the functional evolution of different members of the <em>DUF789</em> gene family in the <em>Arabidopsis thaliana</em> genome. A total of 11 <em>AtDUF789s</em> were discovered in the <em>A. thaliana</em> genome, and a phylogenetic tree was constructed using sequences from <em>A. thaliana</em>, <em>G. max, Vitis vinifera, Solanum tuberosum, Medicago truncatula</em>, and <em>Sorghum bicolor.</em> Gene structure analysis showed that the number of non-coding regions varied between 4 and 5, while the coding pattern ranged from 5 to 6. The promoter of <em>AtDUF789s</em> contains the <em>cis</em>-regulatory elements ABRE, MBS, and LTR, specifically. By analyzing the expression of the 11 <em>AtDUF789s</em> in tissues, we observed that these <em>AtDUF789s</em> were up-regulated in all observed tissues, which may indicate their involvement in plant growth. The study of the <em>DUF789</em> gene family in <em>A. thaliana</em> provides new and valuable data for plant breeding and molecular studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 11","pages":"Article 103478"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142534696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-12DOI: 10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103483
Himanshi Soni , Monika Bhattu , Meenakshi Verma , Manvinder Kaur , Abdullah A. Al-Kahtani , Irfan Hussain Lone , Ajar Nath Yadav , Mohd Ubaidullah
A large amount of used cooking oil (UCO) is improperly disposed of in sewage and rivers, leading to environmental pollution and posing health risks such as carcinogenic diseases. This study explores an eco-friendly approach to addressing this issue by repurposing UCO for laundry soap production, contributing to waste management and environmental decontamination. The soap was prepared by treating UCO with an alkaline solution (NaOH) through a simple saponification process, providing a greener alternative to traditional methods that rely on imported vegetable oils. The prepared soaps were evaluated for cleansing capacity as well as physical, chemical, and physicochemical properties. The results showed moisture content of 9.27 % to 10.34 %, pH ranging from 6.03 to 4.46, chloride percentage from 0.055 % to 0.29 %, free caustic alkali between 0.152 and 0.175, and total alkali content from 0.29 % to 0.73 %. These values meet the requirements of East African Standards (EAS), validating the quality of UCO-based soaps. By diverting UCO from waste streams and utilizing it in soap production, this approach supports waste management, minimizes environmental pollution, and contributes to sustainable production practices.
{"title":"From kitchen to cosmetics: Study on the physicochemical and antioxidant properties of waste cooking oil-derived soap","authors":"Himanshi Soni , Monika Bhattu , Meenakshi Verma , Manvinder Kaur , Abdullah A. Al-Kahtani , Irfan Hussain Lone , Ajar Nath Yadav , Mohd Ubaidullah","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103483","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103483","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A large amount of used cooking oil (UCO) is improperly disposed of in sewage and rivers, leading to environmental pollution and posing health risks such as carcinogenic diseases. This study explores an eco-friendly approach to addressing this issue by repurposing UCO for laundry soap production, contributing to waste management and environmental decontamination. The soap was prepared by treating UCO with an alkaline solution (NaOH) through a simple saponification process, providing a greener alternative to traditional methods that rely on imported vegetable oils. The prepared soaps were evaluated for cleansing capacity as well as physical, chemical, and physicochemical properties. The results showed moisture content of 9.27 % to 10.34 %, pH ranging from 6.03 to 4.46, chloride percentage from 0.055 % to 0.29 %, free caustic alkali between 0.152 and 0.175, and total alkali content from 0.29 % to 0.73 %. These values meet the requirements of East African Standards (EAS), validating the quality of UCO-based soaps. By diverting UCO from waste streams and utilizing it in soap production, this approach supports waste management, minimizes environmental pollution, and contributes to sustainable production practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 10","pages":"Article 103483"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142445085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-11DOI: 10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103482
Jameel Al-Tamimi, Hossam Ebaid, Iftekhar Hassan, Ibrahim M. Alhazza
Samsum (Brachyponera sennaarensis) ant venom contains several peptides that have an aggressive impact on the architecture of the internal organs including the thymus. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of venom with various doses as a toxin insult by examining the histological alterations and measurable biochemical parameters in the thymus. Forty Wistar albino rats separated into seven groups were used.
Data demonstrated statistically significant hyperplasia in the cellular density, shrinkage in cortical thickness, and medullary area in the venom- intraperitoneally treated group compared to the − orally treated group. Additionally, there was a prominent increase in apoptotic cells TGB, the density of lesions, and hemorrhagic cysts effects of the venom on thymic cells. There was a notable higher intensity of pathological features in the thymus.
Results validated the role of SAV in the general thymic atrophy in the histological structure of thymus tissues and acted as a carcinogenic agent. The structural analysis of the thymus revealed that a larger dosage of SAV produced a thymoma in the histoarchitecture. The differences between the low dose of SAV-treated groups orally and (IP) were not statistically significant in some analyses. In terms of the thymus tissue’s structure, the administration of a high dose of (450 µl) intraperitoneally had the worst impact on the health of the thymus.
森蚺（Brachyponera sennaarensis）蚁毒含有几种肽，对包括胸腺在内的内脏器官结构具有侵袭性影响。本研究的目的是通过检测胸腺的组织学改变和可测量的生化参数，评估不同剂量的毒液作为毒素侮辱的有效性。数据显示，与口服毒液组相比，腹腔注射毒液组的细胞密度明显增高，皮质厚度和髓质面积缩小。此外，毒液对胸腺细胞的影响还包括凋亡细胞 TGB、病变密度和出血性囊肿的显著增加。结果验证了 SAV 在胸腺组织学结构中导致胸腺萎缩的作用，并具有致癌作用。胸腺的结构分析表明，较大剂量的 SAV 会在组织结构中产生胸腺瘤。在一些分析中，低剂量 SAV 口服组和（IP）处理组之间的差异没有统计学意义。就胸腺组织结构而言，腹腔注射高剂量（450微升）对胸腺健康的影响最大。
{"title":"Comparison of the cytotoxic impact of samsum ant venom (Brachyponera sennaarensis) administration routes on quantitative histological analysis of thymus","authors":"Jameel Al-Tamimi, Hossam Ebaid, Iftekhar Hassan, Ibrahim M. Alhazza","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103482","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103482","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Samsum (<em>Brachyponera sennaarensis</em>) ant venom contains several peptides that have an aggressive impact on the architecture of the internal organs including the thymus. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of venom with various doses as a toxin insult by examining the histological alterations and measurable biochemical parameters in the thymus. Forty Wistar albino rats separated into seven groups were used.</div><div>Data demonstrated statistically significant hyperplasia in the cellular density, shrinkage in cortical thickness, and medullary area in the venom- intraperitoneally treated group compared to the − orally treated group. Additionally, there was a prominent increase in apoptotic cells TGB, the density of lesions, and hemorrhagic cysts effects of the venom on thymic cells. There was a notable higher intensity of pathological features in the thymus.</div><div>Results validated the role of SAV in the general thymic atrophy in the histological structure of thymus tissues and acted as a carcinogenic agent. The structural analysis of the thymus revealed that a larger dosage of SAV produced a thymoma in the histoarchitecture. The differences between the low dose of SAV-treated groups orally and (IP) were not statistically significant in some analyses. In terms of the thymus tissue’s structure, the administration of a high dose of (450 µl) intraperitoneally had the worst impact on the health of the thymus.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 10","pages":"Article 103482"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142441194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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