Journal of King Saud University - Science最新文献_第3页

Nano-herbal combination targets apoptosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma 纳米中草药联合治疗口腔鳞状细胞癌细胞凋亡

IF 3.7 3区综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Journal of King Saud University - Science

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103548

Cheryl Grace Pratiwi Rumahorbo, Syafruddin Ilyas

Background

This study evaluates the synergistic effects of the nano-herbal combination of Bischofia javanica leaves and Phaleria macrocarpa fruits on oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), a metastatic keratinocyte malignancy.

Materials and Methods

Thirty-six male Wistar rats were divided into six groups: a negative control group (K0), an OSCC-induced control group (K1), and four treatment groups (P1-P4), which received oral treatments for four weeks. Blood samples were analyzed for superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels, while immunohistochemistry was used to assess the expression of heat shock protein 70 (HSP-70), caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-10, and MDA.

Results

Nano-herbal treatment significantly reduced MDA levels, particularly in groups P3 and P4, with reductions comparable to those seen in the Vitamin C treatment group (p < 0.05). SOD levels were highest in group P3 (p < 0.05), similar to the negative control group (K0), while VEGF levels were significantly elevated in the positive control group (K1) (p < 0.05). Group P3 exhibited the highest expression of HSP-70 (p < 0.05). Caspase-3 expression was significantly higher in P3 compared to K1 (p = 0.0007), while caspase-8 and caspase-10 expressions were also significantly elevated in groups P2, P3, and P4 (p < 0.05). Group P3 showed the most pronounced effects in promoting apoptosis, with caspase-3 and caspase-8 levels markedly higher compared to K1.

Conclusion

The combined nano-herbal formulations of Bischofia javanica leaves and Phaleria macrocarpa fruits effectively mitigates oxidative stress, induces apoptosis, and holds potential as a therapeutic approach for managing oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).

研究背景：本研究评估了爪哇花叶和大樱草果实纳米草药组合对口腔鳞状细胞癌（一种转移性角化细胞恶性肿瘤）的协同作用。材料与方法36只雄性Wistar大鼠分为6组：阴性对照组（K0）、oscc诱导对照组（K1）和4个治疗组（p1 ~ p4），均给予4周的口服治疗。分析血液样本超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、丙二醛（MDA）和血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）水平，同时免疫组化评估热休克蛋白70 （HSP-70）、caspase-3、caspase-8、caspase-10和MDA的表达。结果纳米草药治疗显著降低MDA水平，特别是在P3组和P4组，其降低程度与维生素C治疗组相当(p <；0.05)。P3组SOD水平最高(p <；0.05)，与阴性对照组（K0）相似，而阳性对照组（K1） VEGF水平显著升高(p <；0.05)。P3组HSP-70表达量最高(p <；0.05)。与K1相比，P3中Caspase-3的表达显著升高（p = 0.0007），而P2、P3、P4组中caspase-8、caspase-10的表达也显著升高(p <；0.05)。P3组促凋亡作用最明显，caspase-3和caspase-8水平明显高于K1组。结论水芹叶与大戟果纳米复方可有效减轻氧化应激，诱导细胞凋亡，具有治疗口腔鳞状细胞癌（OSCC）的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Advancing Parkinson’s disease biopathology and drug discovery by dual cellular modelling 通过双细胞模型推进帕金森病的生物病理学和药物发现

IF 3.7 3区综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Journal of King Saud University - Science

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103559

PinFen Chua , Nurr Maria Ulfa Seruji , Mas Atikah Lizazman , Vivien Yi Mian Jong , William K. Lim

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the fastest growing neurological disorder in the world. Its pathologic hallmarks are dopaminergic neuronal loss in the substantia nigra and alpha-synuclein accumulation in neurons. However, the patho-biologic mechanisms are largely unknown. Current drugs cannot slow or halt disease progression while clinical trials are mostly unsuccessful. Hence better cellular models are needed for pathological and drug discovery studies prior to in vivo validation. PC12 cells are commonly used for neurotoxicity studies but the Neuroscreen-1 (NS-1) variant has a faster doubling time and higher basal rate of neurite growth. We developed a NS-1 PD model with the neurotoxin 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) and MTT cell viability assay as readout. We optimized 6-OHDA concentration to a uniquely low 10 µM for a closer approximation to in vivo neurotoxicity. NS-1 cells treated with 6-OHDA displayed hallmark dopamine loss and apoptotic cell death. We used the model to screen a series of xanthones − polyphenolic compounds found in many medicinal plants. We report a novel activity of thwaitesixanthone in the PD model. The model was validated using alpha-mangostin (a neuroprotectant in in vivo and in vitro PD models) which was the most active in restoring cell viability. Alpha-synuclein is now a therapeutic target for stopping PD progression. Human HEK293 cells have neuronal attributes and reported to express pathologic alpha-synuclein. We hypothesized the transfection-efficient HEK293T cells is an optimal cell line for monitoring human alpha-synuclein levels. We make the first report that 6-OHDA treatment increased pathologic alpha-synuclein expression in HEK293T cells. This alpha-synucleinopathy model was validated using alpha-mangostin which attenuated 6-OHDA-induced pathologic alpha-synuclein to baseline levels. Thus we developed a novel NS-1 PD model more representative of in vivo neurotoxicity complemented by a human HEK293T cell-based alpha-synucleinopathy model for tracking pathologic alpha-synuclein levels. We present these dual models for producing in vitro findings with increased likelihood of clinical translation.

帕金森病（PD）是世界上增长最快的神经系统疾病。其病理特征是黑质多巴胺能神经元的丧失和突触核蛋白在神经元中的积累。然而，其病理生物学机制在很大程度上是未知的。目前的药物不能减缓或阻止疾病进展，而临床试验大多不成功。因此，在体内验证之前，需要更好的细胞模型进行病理和药物发现研究。PC12细胞通常用于神经毒性研究，但NS-1变体具有更快的倍增时间和更高的神经突生长基础速率。我们建立了NS-1 PD模型，以神经毒素6-羟基多巴胺（6-OHDA）和MTT细胞活力测定为数据。为了更接近体内神经毒性，我们将6-OHDA浓度优化到10µM。6-OHDA处理的NS-1细胞显示多巴胺缺失和细胞凋亡。我们使用该模型筛选了许多药用植物中发现的一系列山酮-多酚类化合物。我们在PD模型中报道了一种新的韦地西松酮活性。该模型使用α -山竹苷（体内和体外PD模型中的神经保护剂）进行验证，该模型在恢复细胞活力方面最活跃。α -突触核蛋白现在是阻止PD进展的治疗靶点。人HEK293细胞具有神经元属性，并报道表达病理性α -突触核蛋白。我们假设转染效率高的HEK293T细胞是监测人α -突触核蛋白水平的最佳细胞系。我们首次报道了6-OHDA处理增加了HEK293T细胞中病理性α -突触核蛋白的表达。这种α -突触核蛋白病模型是用α -山竹素验证的，它将6-羟多巴胺诱导的病理性α -突触核蛋白减弱到基线水平。因此，我们开发了一种新的NS-1 PD模型，更能代表体内神经毒性，并辅以基于HEK293T细胞的α -突触核蛋白病模型，用于跟踪病理α -突触核蛋白水平。我们提出这些双重模型，以产生体外研究结果，增加临床翻译的可能性。

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引用次数: 0

Genetic background of Diego blood group in Saudi Arabia 沙特阿拉伯迭戈血型的遗传背景

IF 3.7 3区综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Journal of King Saud University - Science

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103571

Amr J. Halawani , Saif Elden B. Abdalla , Abdullah Meshi , Ghalia Shamlan , Mahmoud M. Habibullah

Background

Multiply-transfused patients are prevalent in Jazan region, Saudi Arabia. Alloimmunization may occur in case of red cell incompatibility. Therefore, extensive serotyping for other blood groups is essential. Two alleles of the Diego (DI) blood group system, DI*A and DI*B encode the main DI antigens Di(a + b–) and Di(a–b+), respectively. Anti-Di^a and anti-Di^b can be involved in transfusion reactions and pregnancy issues. This study aimed to investigate the allele and genotype frequencies of the DI blood groups in Jazan Province of Saudi Arabia.

Methods

One-hundred-fifty samples were collected from Saudi blood donors in Jazan Province. DNA was extracted and sequence-specific primers were designed to amplify the SNV region (rs2285644), which distinguishes the DI*A allele from the DI*B allele. The resulting PCR amplicons were sequenced.

Results

The frequency of DI*B alleles was 100 %, while the DI*A allele was not observed. Therefore, the only detected genotype was DI*B/DI*B at 100 %.

Conclusions

This study reported the allele and genotype frequencies of the DI blood group system in Saudi Arabia. This study may help establish a national database for blood groups in Jazan region. Moreover, it may help to reduce the risk of alloimmunization by providing matching blood units.

背景：多次输血患者在沙特阿拉伯吉赞地区很普遍。同种异体免疫可能发生在红细胞不相容的情况下。因此，对其他血型进行广泛的血清分型是必不可少的。Diego （DI）血型系统的两个等位基因DI*A和DI*B分别编码DI主要抗原DI （A + B -）和DI （A - B +）。Anti-Dia和anti-Dib可能涉及输血反应和妊娠问题。本研究旨在调查沙特阿拉伯吉赞省DI血型的等位基因和基因型频率。方法采集吉赞省沙特献血者血样150份。提取DNA，设计序列特异性引物扩增区分DI*A和DI*B等位基因的SNV区（rs2285644）。对所得PCR扩增子进行测序。结果DI*B等位基因频率为100%，未见DI*A等位基因。因此，检测到的唯一基因型为DI*B/DI*B，阳性率为100%。结论本研究报道了沙特阿拉伯DI血型系统的等位基因频率和基因型频率。本研究可能有助于在吉赞地区建立国家血型数据库。此外，它可以通过提供匹配的血液单位来帮助降低同种免疫的风险。

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引用次数: 0

Sustainable nanoparticles of Non-Zero-valent iron (nZVI) production from various biological wastes 从各种生物废物中可持续生产非零价铁纳米颗粒

IF 3.7 3区综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Journal of King Saud University - Science

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103553

T. Sathish , Jolly Masih , Anirudh Gupta , Anuj Kumar , L. Raja , Vikash Singh , Abdullah M. Al-Enizi , Bidhan Pandit , Manish Gupta , N. Senthilkumar , Mohammad Yusuf

Given the growing importance of biological wastes (such as leaves from pomegranate, green tea, oak, lemon, orange, peach, kiwi, and neem) based iron nanoparticles over the past ten years and their applications in the environment, it is important to investigate new methods for nanoparticle production. Significant research has been conducted in this field as synthesizing these materials now requires careful consideration of green chemistry principles, minimization of disposal, cleaner solvents, energy efficiency, and caring precursor ingredients. The goal of this work is to evaluate the characteristics of environmentally friendly, sustainable non-zero-valent Iron (nZVI) nanoparticle production from different tree’s’ leaves. The requirements required for a product for environmental cleanup were taken into consideration when examining size, form, reactivity, and aggregation propensity. Three categories can be formed from the results of extracts in terms of antioxidant measurements (reported concentration of Fe (II)): >60 mmol/L, 20 mmol/L to 40 mmol/L, and 2 mmol/L to 5 mmol/L. Neem, oak, and green tea leaves yield the highest effects when compared to other tree leaves. It is possible to inject a different emulsion into the contaminated zone that contains nZVI, vegetable oil, and water. The best leaf extracts and operating conditions for generating sustainable nanoparticles from the bio-wastes of plant leaves must be chosen in order to use green nZVIs in environmental cleanup. These environmentally friendly nZVI nanoparticles can be used to treat impure waters to get rid of heavy metals and can use as an emulsion for paints.

鉴于过去十年来生物废弃物（如石榴、绿茶、橡树、柠檬、橙子、桃子、猕猴桃和楝树的叶子）基铁纳米颗粒及其在环境中的应用日益重要，研究纳米颗粒生产的新方法非常重要。在这一领域进行了重要的研究，因为合成这些材料现在需要仔细考虑绿色化学原理，最小化处置，更清洁的溶剂，能源效率和关心前体成分。这项工作的目的是评估从不同树木的叶子中生产环境友好、可持续的非零价铁（nZVI）纳米颗粒的特性。在检查产品的尺寸、形式、反应性和聚集倾向时，考虑了环境清理所需的要求。根据提取物的抗氧化测量结果（报告的铁（II）浓度）可以形成三类：60 mmol/L， 20 mmol/L至40 mmol/L和2 mmol/L至5 mmol/L。与其他树叶相比，印度楝树、橡树和绿茶的效果最高。可以向污染区注入含有nZVI、植物油和水的不同乳液。为了将绿色nZVIs用于环境净化，必须选择从植物叶片生物废弃物中产生可持续纳米颗粒的最佳叶片提取物和操作条件。这些对环境友好的nZVI纳米颗粒可用于处理不纯净的水以去除重金属，并可用作涂料的乳液。

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引用次数: 0

Emerging pathways in electrical, magnetic and thermoelectric performance of different concentration of iron doped cobalt oxide nanoparticles 不同浓度的铁掺杂氧化钴纳米颗粒在电、磁和热电性能方面的新途径

IF 3.7 3区综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Journal of King Saud University - Science

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103565

Numan Abbas , Jian-Min Zhang , Abdul Rehman Gill , Muhammad Zeeshan Asad , Arslan Mahmood , Muhammad Ikram , Sohail Ahmad , Muhammad Atif , Muhammad Jehanzaib Aslam

Current study was reported that to tune the magnetic, electrical and thermoelectric properties of Co₃O₄NPs by using different concentration of iron (0, 3 and 5 wt%). The Fe doped Co₃O₄ NPs were synthesized by using co-precipitation method. The XRD was use to identify the cubic spinel structure and crystallite size range from 15 to 24 nm. The porous like surface morphology changed into tiny spherical grain with 5 % Fe doped Co₃O₄ NPs was observed via SEM micrographs. After that the presence of CoO, FeO, CO, CO₂ and OH was identify with the help of FTIR analysis. In addition, VSM analysis shows that magnetization increase (20.918 E-3 to 73.843E-3 emu), corecivity, retentivity and ferromagnetic behavior decreased by increasing Fe concentration in Co₃O₄ NPs. Further, two probe method was used to examine the relation between resistivity and conductivity. It was observed that the resistivity decreases (9

\times

10³ to 3

\times

10³ Ω m) and conductivity increased (1.1

\times

10^-⁴ to 3.3

\times

10^-⁴ Ω^-1m⁻¹) upto significant level. Finally, thermoelectric property was identified to calculate seebeck coefficient and power factor. Thermoelectric result shows that due to increase the distance between source and substrate then seebeck coefficient and power factor increased. The seebeck coefficient values indicated that due to decrease the resistivity the carrier concentration increase upto significant value at optimum temperature. The synthesized nano-material will be suitable for spintronic devices, supercapacitor for electrode material and temperature sensors.

目前的研究报道了通过使用不同浓度的铁（0、3和5 wt%）来调节Co3O4NPs的磁性、电性和热电性。采用共沉淀法合成了Fe掺杂的Co3O4 NPs。利用XRD对立方尖晶石结构进行了表征，晶粒尺寸在15 ~ 24 nm之间。通过扫描电镜观察到，掺5% Fe的Co3O4纳米粒子表面形貌由多孔变为微小的球形颗粒。然后通过FTIR分析确定了CoO、FeO、CO、CO2和OH的存在。此外，VSM分析表明，随着Fe浓度的增加，Co3O4 NPs的磁化强度增加（20.918 E-3 ~ 73.843E-3 emu），电导率、保留率和铁磁行为降低。此外，采用双探头法考察了电阻率与电导率的关系。观察到电阻率降低（9 × 103 ~ 3× 103 Ω m），电导率增加（1.1× 10-4 ~ 3.3× 10-4 Ω-1m−1）达到显著水平。最后对热电特性进行辨识，计算塞贝克系数和功率因数。热电结果表明，随着源与衬底之间距离的增大，塞贝克系数和功率因数增大。塞贝克系数值表明，在最佳温度下，由于电阻率的降低，载流子浓度显著增加。合成的纳米材料将适用于自旋电子器件、超级电容器电极材料和温度传感器。

{"title":"Emerging pathways in electrical, magnetic and thermoelectric performance of different concentration of iron doped cobalt oxide nanoparticles","authors":"Numan Abbas , Jian-Min Zhang , Abdul Rehman Gill , Muhammad Zeeshan Asad , Arslan Mahmood , Muhammad Ikram , Sohail Ahmad , Muhammad Atif , Muhammad Jehanzaib Aslam","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103565","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103565","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Current study was reported that to tune the magnetic, electrical and thermoelectric properties of Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>NPs by using different concentration of iron (0, 3 and 5 wt%). The Fe doped Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> NPs were synthesized by using co-precipitation method. The XRD was use to identify the cubic spinel structure and crystallite size range from 15 to 24 nm. The porous like surface morphology changed into tiny spherical grain with 5 % Fe doped Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> NPs was observed via SEM micrographs. After that the presence of CoO, FeO, CO, CO<sub>2</sub> and OH was identify with the help of FTIR analysis. In addition, VSM analysis shows that magnetization increase (20.918 E-3 to 73.843E-3 emu), corecivity, retentivity and ferromagnetic behavior decreased by increasing Fe concentration in Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> NPs. Further, two probe method was used to examine the relation between resistivity and conductivity. It was observed that the resistivity decreases (9 <span><math><mo>×</mo></math></span> 10<sup>3</sup> to 3 <span><math><mo>×</mo></math></span> 10<sup>3</sup> Ω m) and conductivity increased (1.1<span><math><mo>×</mo></math></span> 10<sup>-</sup><sup>4</sup> to 3.3<span><math><mo>×</mo></math></span> 10<sup>-</sup><sup>4</sup> Ω<sup>-1</sup>m<sup>−1</sup>) upto significant level. Finally, thermoelectric property was identified to calculate seebeck coefficient and power factor. Thermoelectric result shows that due to increase the distance between source and substrate then seebeck coefficient and power factor increased. The seebeck coefficient values indicated that due to decrease the resistivity the carrier concentration increase upto significant value at optimum temperature. The synthesized nano-material will be suitable for spintronic devices, supercapacitor for electrode material and temperature sensors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 11","pages":"Article 103565"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143153529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Feature importance and model performance for prediabetes prediction: A comparative study 特征重要性和模型性能在糖尿病前期预测中的比较研究

IF 3.7 3区综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Journal of King Saud University - Science

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103583

Saeed Awad M Alqahtani , Hussah M Alobaid , Jamilah Alshammari , Safa A Alqarzae , Sheka Yagub Aloyouni , Ahood A. Al-Eidan , Salwa Alhamad , Abeer Almiman , Fadwa M Alkhulaifi , Suliman Alomar

Objectives

Prediabetes is a significant health condition that elevates the risk of developing type 2 diabetes and other associated complications. This study aims to (1) explore the potential of machine learning models to improve the prediction of prediabetes, (2) compare the performance of various machine learning models with traditional regression methods, and (3) identify the most influential demographic, socioeconomic, and health-related factors associated with prediabetes.

Methods

This study utilized data from the 2021 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) and employed comprehensive data preprocessing techniques. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to assess correlations between features and prediabetes risk. Feature importance was quantified using Adjusted Mutual Information values. Multiple machine learning models, including Random Forest, K Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), Neural Network, and Logistic Regression, were used for prediction. The best model was selected and validated through cross-validation to ensure robustness.

Results

Significant associations were observed between prediabetes and key predictors such as cholesterol levels, BMI categories, hypertension status, age groups, and income categories. Among the models tested, Random Forest demonstrated the highest accuracy and robustness, outperforming traditional regression models.

Conclusions

This study highlights the potential of machine learning to enhance prediabetes prediction and underscores the importance of identifying high-risk individuals for early intervention. The findings contribute to population health strategies by integrating advanced analytical methods with public health data.

糖尿病前期是一种重要的健康状况，可增加患2型糖尿病和其他相关并发症的风险。本研究旨在(1)探索机器学习模型在改善前驱糖尿病预测方面的潜力，(2)比较各种机器学习模型与传统回归方法的性能，以及(3)确定与前驱糖尿病相关的最具影响力的人口统计学、社会经济和健康相关因素。方法利用2021年行为风险因素监测系统（BRFSS）的数据，采用综合数据预处理技术。Logistic回归分析评估特征与前驱糖尿病风险之间的相关性。使用调整互信息值对特征重要性进行量化。多种机器学习模型，包括随机森林、K近邻（KNN）、极端梯度增强（XGBoost）、神经网络和逻辑回归，被用于预测。选择最佳模型，并通过交叉验证对模型进行验证，确保模型的鲁棒性。结果糖尿病前期与胆固醇水平、BMI类别、高血压状况、年龄组和收入类别等关键预测因素之间存在显著相关性。在测试的模型中，随机森林显示出最高的准确性和鲁棒性，优于传统的回归模型。本研究强调了机器学习增强糖尿病前期预测的潜力，并强调了识别高危人群进行早期干预的重要性。研究结果通过将先进的分析方法与公共卫生数据相结合，有助于制定人口健康战略。

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引用次数: 0

New record of Phylloteles hyalipennis (Baranov, 1934) (Diptera: Miltogramminae) from North India, with morphology, life cycle and SEM study of immature stages 印度北部毛毡蛉（Baranov, 1934）新记录（双翅目：毛毡蛉科），包括幼期形态、生活史和扫描电镜研究

IF 3.7 3区综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Journal of King Saud University - Science

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103568

Rohit Kumar , Althaf Hussain Shaik , Madhu Bala

Objectives

First time from North India, the immature stages of a species of the genus Phylloteles Loew, 1844, are described, with a redescription of the adults. The research explored the morphological characteristics and distribution of Phylloteles hyalipennis (Baranov, 1934) from India. This study aims to enhance species identification and potentially revise classification of this scientifically important group.

Methods

Gravid females of this species were collected from the decomposing chicken meat from the Union territory Jammu and Kashmir (India), and larvae were reared under optimal conditions to get a pure colony. The immature stages were examined under light as well as scanning electron microscope (SEM).

Results

The results included descriptions of adult morphology, systematic classification, and detailed analysis of immature stages. The Pseudocephalon, maxillary palpus, anterior and posterior spiracles, and variations of thoracic and abdominal segments, anal region, and details of cephaloskeleton of immatures were utilized as key characters for species identification in case of immature stages and presented along with illustrations.

Conclusion

The study provides valuable insights into the poorly understood larval morphology of Miltogramminae, specifically in Oriental taxa. This information can stipulate new characteristics for species identification in case of immature stages and enhances systematics of Indian Sarcophagidae.

目的首次在印度北部描述了1844年Phylloteles Loew属的一种的未成熟阶段，并对其成虫进行了重新描述。研究了印度Phylloteles hyalipennis （Baranov, 1934）的形态特征和分布。本研究旨在加强物种鉴定，并有可能修订这一科学上重要群体的分类。方法从印度联邦领土查谟和克什米尔地区的分解鸡肉中采集该物种的妊娠雌性，在最佳条件下饲养幼虫，获得纯菌落。在光镜和扫描电镜下对未成熟阶段进行了观察。结果成虫形态描述，系统分类，未成熟期详细分析。在未成熟阶段，将假头、上颌须、前后气门、胸腹节段变化、肛门区和头部骨骼细节作为物种鉴定的关键特征，并附有插图。结论本研究为了解尚不清楚的粉螨幼虫形态，特别是东洋分类群提供了有价值的见解。这些信息可以为未成熟阶段的物种鉴定规定新的特征，并增强印度麻蝇科的分类学。

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引用次数: 0

Overexpression, purification and characterization of a heat-stable peroxisomal glutathione reductase from Oryza sativa involved in multifactorial abiotic stress tolerance 水稻热稳定过氧化物酶谷胱甘肽还原酶的过表达、纯化和表征

IF 3.7 3区综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Journal of King Saud University - Science

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103575

Pamela Chanda Roy , Deepak Kumar Ojha , Welka Sahu , Mohammad Khalid Al-Sadoon , K. Sony Reddy , Gopal Chowdhary

Abiotic stress is the major bottleneck in obtaining the full potential of a standing crop. Various strategies have been investigated to impart abiotic stress tolerance. In the agricultural field, the stress conditions do not act in isolation rather they act synergistically in combinations against the wellbeing of the crop. The combined impact of abiotic stress conditions has been referred to as stress matrix or stress combination. Here, we have proposed a probable candidate that could be instrumental in imparting tolerance against stress matrix or stress combination. The investigation was made on a peroxisome localized glutathione reductase (GR) enzyme from the economically significant crop Oryza sativa. The protein was expressed in the E. coli system, purified and characterized. The enzyme was found to be active even at an elevated temperature of 55℃, demonstrating its abiotic stress tolerance properties. Further, the gene expression studies showed it to be upregulated under salinity, dehydration, low and high temperature. The expression was also investigated under various stress combinations and it was observed that the level of GR mRNA was found to be higher in the case of combined stress treatment as compared to individual stress conditions suggesting an additive effect phenomenon. The results obtained here put this peroxisomal GR in the spotlight for imparting abiotic stress combinations studies.

非生物胁迫是获得立木作物全部潜力的主要瓶颈。已经研究了各种策略来赋予非生物胁迫耐受性。在农业领域，胁迫条件不是孤立地起作用，而是协同作用，共同损害作物的健康。非生物应激条件的综合影响被称为应激基质或应激组合。在这里，我们提出了一种可能的候选材料，可以帮助传授对应力矩阵或应力组合的耐受性。研究了具有重要经济意义的水稻过氧化物酶体定位谷胱甘肽还原酶（GR）酶。在大肠杆菌系统中表达了该蛋白，并对其进行了纯化和鉴定。结果表明，该酶在55℃高温下仍有活性，具有非生物抗逆性。此外，基因表达研究表明，该基因在盐度、脱水、低温和高温下均上调。在不同的胁迫组合下研究了GR mRNA的表达，发现与单独的胁迫条件相比，复合胁迫处理下GR mRNA的表达水平更高，表明存在加性效应现象。这里获得的结果使这种过氧化物酶体GR成为非生物胁迫组合研究的焦点。

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引用次数: 0

Detection of antimicrobial, antioxidant and reactive oxygen species and caspases 3/9 mediated Anticancerous activity of β-Glucan particles derived from Pleurotus ostreatus against cervical cancer cells HeLa 平菇β-葡聚糖颗粒对宫颈癌HeLa细胞的抑菌、抗氧化、活性氧及caspase 3/9介导的抗癌活性检测

IF 3.7 3区综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Journal of King Saud University - Science

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103577

Sara A. Seifeldin , Tarun Kumar Upadhyay , Rashmi Trivedi , Raja Rezgui , Amir Saeed

Cancer has been the foremost global cause of death, resulting in over 20 million incidences and 10 million fatalities as per WHO GLOBOCAN 2022 statistics. Cervical cancer ranks 8th among all cancer types, leading an earnest global health burden, and demands innovative therapeutic strategies. While conventional treatments often face limitations, natural bioactive compounds offer potential alternatives. This study delved into the anticancer properties of β-Glucan particles, a polysaccharide derived from the Pleurotus ostreatus (P. ostreatus) mushroom. P. ostreatus has recently garnered attention for its myriad health benefits. It was reported that Polysaccharide fraction derived from Oyster mushroom stimulated Immunomodulatory effect against cancer cells which lead to further explore active constituents. One of its fiber constituents, β-Glucan, has been documented to have anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, immunomodulatory, immunogenic, and prebiotic activities without harm. Given its restricted exploration and enigmatic mechanisms, it presents an excellent opportunity for a thorough investigation of its characteristics. Our findings unravel that β-glucan exhibits significant cytotoxic effects against HeLa cervical cancer cells. Mechanistically, β-glucan induces apoptosis through the generation of oxidative stress, as evidenced by increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and morphological changes in the nucleus. Moreover, the activation of caspase 3/9, key apoptotic markers, further supports the pro-apoptotic effects of β-glucan. β-glucan exhibits notable antimicrobial activity, underscoring its diverse therapeutic capabilities. The collective findings of this research indicate that P. ostreatus-derived β-Glucan particles presents a compelling opportunity for the advancement of innovative, natural-based anticancer treatments.

根据世卫组织GLOBOCAN 2022统计数据，癌症一直是全球最主要的死亡原因，导致2000多万例发病率和1000万例死亡。子宫颈癌在所有癌症类型中排名第8位，是严重的全球健康负担，需要创新的治疗策略。虽然传统的治疗方法常常面临局限性，但天然的生物活性化合物提供了潜在的替代方法。本研究深入研究了β-葡聚糖颗粒的抗癌特性，β-葡聚糖是一种从平菇（P. ostreatus）蘑菇中提取的多糖。最近，这种植物因其对健康的诸多益处而引起了人们的关注。据报道，从平菇中提取的多糖组分对肿瘤细胞具有免疫调节作用，因此对其活性成分的探索有待进一步深入。其纤维成分之一β-葡聚糖已被证明具有抗癌、抗炎、抗氧化、免疫调节、免疫原性和益生元活性而无害。鉴于其有限的探索和神秘的机制，它为彻底研究其特征提供了一个极好的机会。我们的研究结果揭示了β-葡聚糖对HeLa宫颈癌细胞具有显著的细胞毒性作用。从机制上讲，β-葡聚糖通过产生氧化应激诱导细胞凋亡，这可以从活性氧（ROS）水平增加和细胞核形态改变中得到证明。此外，凋亡关键标志物caspase 3/9的激活进一步支持了β-葡聚糖的促凋亡作用。β-葡聚糖表现出显著的抗菌活性，强调其多样化的治疗能力。本研究的集体发现表明，P. ostreatus衍生的β-葡聚糖颗粒为创新的、基于天然的抗癌治疗提供了一个令人注目的机会。

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引用次数: 0

Association of FokI, Tru91, and ApaI vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms with the development of polycystic ovarian syndrome: A molecular genetic study FokI、Tru91和ApaI维生素D受体基因多态性与多囊卵巢综合征发生的关系：一项分子遗传学研究

IF 3.7 3区综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Journal of King Saud University - Science

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103563

Walaa Talal Abdul-Lateef , Mushtak T.S. Al-Ouqaili , Rafal M. Murshid

Background and objective

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age. The study aims to identify the impact of vitamin D receptor encoding genes (FokI, Tru91, and ApaI) on the contribution and development of PCOS, in addition to their effect on AMH levels.

Methodology

The study included 80 patients and 25 healthy individuals. The concentrations of free testosterone, vitamin D, and AMH were determined. PCR-RFLP was applied to identify vitamin D receptors in the FokI, Tru91, and ApaI SNPs. Sanger sequencing was performed on each of these patients.

Results

Increase free testosterone and AMH levels 48 (60 %) and 65 (81.3 %), respectively and reduced vitamin D levels (56 (70 % were predictors of PCOS. Regarding FOKI polymorphisms, the frequency of the heterozygous genotype (CT) was significantly greater (OR = 2.96, P < 0.05) in the PCOS group than in the healthy group. There was a three-fold increase in the prevalence of the ApaI genotype in PCOS patients versus controls (the odds ratio for the CC homozygous genotype was 3.43 with P > 0.05). In Tru91 polymorphism, the AA and GG were associated with risk factors for PCOS susceptibility (OR = 2.78, P < 0.05) (OR = 3.04, P > 0.05), whilst AG was a protective factor (OR = 0.24, P < 0.05).

Conclusions

A relationship between high levels of free testosterone, AMH levels, and vitamin D deficiency was observed. Furthermore, all genetic models’ VDR FokI, ApaI, and VDR Tru91 polymorphisms are linked to PCOS susceptibility.

背景与目的多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）是一种发生在育龄妇女的内分泌疾病。该研究旨在确定维生素D受体编码基因（FokI， Tru91和ApaI）在PCOS的贡献和发展中的影响，以及它们对AMH水平的影响。方法本研究纳入80例患者和25例健康人。测定游离睾酮、维生素D和AMH的浓度。采用PCR-RFLP技术鉴定FokI、Tru91和ApaI snp中的维生素D受体。对每位患者进行桑格测序。结果游离睾酮和AMH水平分别升高48（60%）和65(81.3%)，维生素D水平降低56（70%）是PCOS的预测因子。在FOKI多态性方面，杂合子基因型（CT）的频率显著更高(OR = 2.96, P <；PCOS组与健康组比较差异无统计学意义（0.05）。PCOS患者中ApaI基因型的患病率是对照组的3倍(CC纯合子基因型的优势比为3.43,P >；0.05)。Tru91多态性中，AA和GG与PCOS易感性相关(OR = 2.78, P <；0.05) (OR = 3.04, P >；0.05)，而AG是保护因子(OR = 0.24, P <；0.05)。结论游离睾酮、AMH水平升高与维生素D缺乏存在相关性。此外，所有遗传模型的VDR FokI、ApaI和VDR Tru91多态性都与PCOS易感性有关。

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引用次数: 0