Journal of King Saud University - Science最新文献

{"title":"Changes in antioxidants and nutritional properties during germination of soybean","authors":"Nouh M. Saleh ,&nbsp;Ahmed S. Zahran ,&nbsp;Ali A. Metwalli ,&nbsp;Ezzat M. Awad ,&nbsp;Hossam Ebiad ,&nbsp;Jameel Al-Tamimi","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103527","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103527","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soybeans are a valuable source of nutrients and bioactive compounds. However, their nutritional quality can be limited by the presence of antinutrients, such as phytic acid and trypsin inhibitors. Germination is a natural process that can enhance the nutritional value of legumes by reducing antinutrients and increasing the bioavailability of nutrients. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of soaking and germination on the antioxidant and nutritional attributes of soybean. Results showed that the germination process led to a significant increase (<em>p</em> ≤ 0.05) in the content of phenolic, flavonoids, and antioxidat activity (%) compounds following the 72-hour germination compared to samples from ungerminated soybeans. Strong correlations were concluded between antioxidant activity and total phenolic (R² 0.92), flavonoids (R² 0.82), and ascorbic acid (R² 0.99). The germination process also enhanced proteases activities, lipase activity, and protein digestibility. Concurrently, there was a significant reduction in phytic acid from 99.20 ± 2.56 to 73.39 ± 0.85, mg/100 g as well as trypsin inhibitors from 5.73 ± 0.116 to 2.91 ± 0.126 mg/g. Germination led to these alterations contributed to an enhancement in the antioxidant and nutritional characteristics of soybean.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 11","pages":"Article 103527"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142658812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardioprotective potential of sakuranetin to counteract polyethylene microplastics induced cardiotoxicity","authors":"Nazia Ehsan ,&nbsp;Muhammad Gulfam ,&nbsp;Ali Akbar ,&nbsp;Moazama Batool ,&nbsp;Mohammad Z. Ahmed ,&nbsp;Mian Nadeem Riaz","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103529","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103529","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Polyethylene microplastics (PEMPs) are toxic environmental contaminants which can impair multiple organs including heart. Sakuranetin (SKN) is a potential flavonoid with diverse pharmacological benefits. This research was undertaken to analyze the defensive impact of SKN to avert PEMPs-induced cardiotoxicity. 24 male albino rats were randomly allocated into 4 separate groups: control, PEMPs (1.5 mg kg⁻¹), PEMPs + SKN (1.5 mg kg⁻¹ + 10 mg kg⁻¹) and only SKN (10 mg kg⁻¹) treated group. After 30 days of treatment, our results revealed that PEMPs exposure reduced the expressions of Nrf2 and antioxidant genes while increasing Keap1 expression. Besides, PEMPs intoxication escalated the levels of cardiac markers (CPK, LDH, Troponin I &amp; CK-MB). Additionally, it lessened the activities of GSH, GST, SOD, HO-1, CAT, GSR, GPx whereas the levels of MDA and ROS were increased. Conversely, the levels of inflammatory markers i.e., COX-2 activity IL-1β, TNF-α, NF-kB &amp; IL-6 were augmented. Moreover, the expressions of apoptotic markers i.e., Bax and caspase-3 were elevated while the Bcl-2 expression was decreased. However, SKN treatment significantly restored the PEMPs-induced biochemical dysregulations. Therefore, SKN could be used as a therapeutic compound to ameliorate PEMPs-induced cardiac impairments in rats, possibly due to its tremendous pharmacotherapeutic potential.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 11","pages":"Article 103529"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142721484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genomic insights into the diversity of mango cultivars in Saudi Arabia: Fluorescent SSR marker analysis","authors":"Fatmah Ahmed Safhi","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103528","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103528","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study presents a comprehensive genetic analysis of twelve mango cultivars from Saudi Arabia, investigating their genetic diversity, population structure, and potential loci under selection.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Utilizing ten SSR loci, we conducted a thorough assessment of allele variation, revealing diverse patterns across loci and defined genetic diversity among cultivars.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Notably, certain loci exhibited extensive allele diversity, with Loci M02 and M06 displaying five and seven alleles, respectively, while others showed more limited profiles, such as Locus M01 with only two alleles. Surprisingly, clustering patterns based on genetic relatedness did not consistently align with anticipated geographic groupings, suggesting additional factors influencing genetic structure beyond geography. Further analysis of allele sharing provided insights into the genetic relatedness among cultivars, highlighting both close genetic affinities and significant divergence. Subsequent Allele Sharing Matrix analysis unveiled sub-clustering within clusters, revealing finer-scale genetic structures within the population. Assessment of genetic differentiation using Analysis of Molecular Variance demonstrated significant variations among clusters and individuals, with variations among clusters ranging from 3% to 53%. Additionally, testing for loci under selection identified potential markers, such as locus M11, with observed heterozygosity greater than expected (1.024) and a relatively low observed FST value of 0.2695.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Overall, our findings contribute to the characterization of mango genetic resources in Saudi Arabia, providing crucial information for breeding programs, germplasm conservation efforts, and agricultural practices. By leveraging advanced genomic technologies and interdisciplinary collaborations, future research can delve deeper into the genetic basis of adaptive traits and agronomic characteristics, paving the way for innovative strategies to enhance mango production and sustainability in Saudi Arabia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 11","pages":"Article 103528"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142658814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oxidants-induced high levels of nitric oxide impair the antioxidative property of molybdenum nanoparticles in HUVE cells","authors":"Mohd Javed Akhtar ,&nbsp;Maqusood Ahamed ,&nbsp;Sudhir Kumar ,&nbsp;Rashid Lateef ,&nbsp;Zabn Alaizeri ,&nbsp;Hisham Alhadlaq ,&nbsp;Pavan Rajanahalli","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103525","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103525","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, there has been significant interest in the biomedical potential of redox-active molybdenum nanoparticles (Mo NPs) due to their varied responses from oxidative to antioxidative. Our knowledge of the bio-response of Mo NPs in endothelial cells is lacking. We, therefore, are prompted to examine the biocompatibility of well-characterized Mo NPs in human endothelial (HUVE) cells and their potential antioxidative response against standard oxidants- <em>tert</em>-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP) and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂). The study found that Mo NPs were highly biocompatible in HUVE cells and enhanced cellular antioxidant glutathione (GSH), significantly protecting cells against exogenous oxidants. Moreover, Mo NPs significantly restored the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) determined by the Rh123 probe. They decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels as measured by DHE and DCFH-DA probes. In light of Mo involvement in the nitric oxide (NO) metabolism and dependency of HUVE cells on NO signaling, intracellular NO was determined using DAR-2 fluorescent dye and the Griess assay. NO was not produced significantly by Mo NPs alone or t-BHP or H₂O₂. However, NO generation was significantly high when HUVE cells were co-exposed with Mo NPs and exogenous oxidants. Although the exact mechanism is unclear to us, our study concludes that the enhanced generation of NO under the co-exposure of oxidants with Mo NPs can impair the potential antioxidative property of Mo NPs, especially in endothelial cells. The study also suggests that NO modulatory strategies can improve and broaden the antioxidative properties of Mo-based nanoparticles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 11","pages":"Article 103525"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142658837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morpho-physiological traits and stress indices reveal divergence in early-stage salt stress response in elite soybean germplasm","authors":"Muhammad Arif ,&nbsp;Haris Khurshid ,&nbsp;Malik Ashiq Rabbani ,&nbsp;Muhammad Jahanzaib ,&nbsp;Sahir Hameed Khattak ,&nbsp;Ihsan Ullah ,&nbsp;Mohammad Abul Farah ,&nbsp;Rattandeep Singh ,&nbsp;Luhua Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103522","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103522","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study assessed the salt stress response of seventy soybean genotypes by exposing seedlings to sodium chloride (NaCl) concentrations of 0, 75, 100, and 125 mM. Salinity stress significantly reduced root length, shoot length, fresh and dry root/shoot weight, and root/shoot ratio. A total of 62 genotypes germinated at 125 mM, showing significant phenotypic variation in traits such as root length, shoot length, fresh shoot weight, and dry shoot weight. Pearson’s correlation analysis revealed a strong positive correlation between most morpho-physiological traits, suggesting their interdependence. Eight salinity tolerance indices i.e., Fresh Weight Stress Tolerance Index (FWSI), Dry Weight Stress Tolerance Index (DWSI), Root Length Salinity Index (RLSI), Shoot Length Salinity Index (SLSI), Salinity Tolerance Index (STI), Salinity Susceptibility Index (SSI), Tolerance Index (TI), and Percent Reduction (PR) were calculated to assess genotypes response. Na⁺ concentration and antioxidant activities significantly increased under salt stress compared to the control. The activities of antioxidant enzymes, as well as the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as H₂O₂ and O₂⁻, were markedly higher under salt stress compared to the control. Hierarchical cluster analysis grouped genotypes into six clusters, with clusters V and VI comprising genotypes exhibiting higher salt tolerance based on high FWSI, DWSI, and STI values, and low PR, SSI, and TI values. Eight salinity tolerance indices, including Fresh Weight Stress Tolerance Index (FWSI), Dry Weight Stress Tolerance Index (DWSI), Root Length Salinity Index (RLSI), and Salinity Tolerance Index (STI), were used to evaluate the genotypes’ responses. The study revealed that the average FWSI value for all genotypes under treatments was 54.20 ± 12.93. The highest FWSI was recorded for the genotype Black (92.52), followed by NIBGE-224 (84.70) and NIBGE-183 (81.05). In contrast, Malakand-96 had the lowest FWSI (28.49), followed by SPS-10 (32.74) and SPS-08 (34.55). PGRA-91 had the highest STI (0.83), followed by SPS-9 (0.75) and NIBGE-115 (0.72), while NIBGE-335, SPS-24, and Malakand-96 had the lowest STI values. Positive correlations were observed between root length and shoot length (0.69**), shoot length and fresh shoot weight (0.63**), and other related traits. Overall, this study identified promising soybean genotypes with varying degrees of salt tolerance. These findings can be utilized in breeding programs to develop salt-tolerant soybean varieties for salinity-affected agricultural lands.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 11","pages":"Article 103522"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142658816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Purification, characterization and molecular docking studies of analogous alpha amylase inhibitor compounds","authors":"Lovepreet Kaur ,&nbsp;Rattandeep Singh ,&nbsp;Ashish Suttee ,&nbsp;Mohammad Raish","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103521","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103521","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>A large number of protein inhibitors are found in higher plants, cereals and legumes. These inhibitors are helpful in the prevention as well as medical treatment of metabolic syndromes such as type 2 diabetes. Basically, the diabetes mellitus is a chronic disorder that occurs either due to inadequate insulin secretions or when body fails to utilize the produced insulin. The alpha amylase inhibitors are termed as starch blockers. They catalyze the hydrolysis of α-(1,4)-D-glycosidic linkages of starch and other glucose polymer. They play a significant role in inhibition of the activity of salivary and pancreatic amylase in vitro and in vivo.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>The present study was based on the purification, characterization and molecular docking studies of the alpha amylase inhibitor isolated from the kidney bean sample. The seed sample was collected from G.B. Pant Nagar University. The crude extract was prepared, the in-vitro studies and heat stability were determined. Following it, purification was carried out using ammonium sulphate precipitation and size exclusion chromatography was done. Later, characterization and molecular docking studies of the purified sample was done after obtaining GC–MS results.</div></div><div><h3>Result</h3><div>The in-vitro analysis was done and noted that the inhibitory activity was 96.5 ± 0.84 % post size exclusion chromatography. The molecular weight was about 54 kDa. The molecular docking studies revealed that there were interactions between the ligand molecules (the constituents that were selected from the GC–MS chromatogram peaks based on the height and area) and the human pancreatic alpha amylase (1HNY). The hydrogen bonding as affinity binding capacity was also been observed in each of the ligand–protein interaction.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>From the tests, it has been elucidated that the alpha amylase inhibitor isolated from the sample has a great potential to serve as an anti-diabetic drug. However, in order to check the potential effects and to explore the optimization and development of the anti-diabetic drug the in-vivo studies can also be done further.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 11","pages":"Article 103521"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142700712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geochemical study of Ambaji − Sendra granitoids and mafic dykes from the South Delhi fold belt, NW Indian shield: Implications for magma generation, emplacement and geodynamic evolution","authors":"Saima Rahman ,&nbsp;M. Shamim Khan ,&nbsp;Mohammed S. Fnais ,&nbsp;Tavheed Khan","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103524","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103524","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a comprehensive account of geochemical data on the granitoids of Ambaji-Sendra Terrain and associated mafic dykes. These granitoids, interpreted as S–type, I-type and A-type, lack a consensual interpretation probably due to the study of only those rocks which are exposed in Sendra region. We identified that these granitoids are A-type (A2- subtype) granites. There are two petrogenetic groups of the granitoids having exclusive crustal and crust-mantle interactive origins which are supported by their mineralogy and structure. The associated dykes also display two distinct geochemical groups one with within-plate character and other with typical arc signatures. Whole body of evidence suggests that magma for the granitoids and dykes was generated during the closure of Delhi Ocean. The simultaneous emplacement of granitoids started during subduction process and culminated after the collision or/ accretion of Delhi arc with eastern crustal block, consequent to the Rodinian assembly mechanism.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 11","pages":"Article 103524"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142658830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-ablative laser skin rejuvenation by targeting indigenous chromophores","authors":"Muna B. Mustafa ,&nbsp;Walid K. Hamoudi ,&nbsp;Khawla S. Khashan","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103516","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103516","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Three pulsed laser systems: 980 nm semiconductor diode laser, 1064 nm Nd: YAG laser and long pulse- fractional 2940 nm pulsed Er: YAG were used to treat some non-ablative skin rejuvenation applications. These three wavelengths can target the three main indigenous chromophores (melanin, hemoglobin and water) of the skin to treat different skin disorders. The efficacy of these lasers was assessed in the treatment of age spots, enlarged veins and wrinkles. The chromophore type and location of a specific disorder was taken into consideration when working out, in advance, the required laser fluence. The absorption of laser photons and the reabsorbed photon scattering were calculated and used to work out the temperature rise in the targeted tissue. The results indicated very good outcome of age spots with 980 nm laser, excellent clearance of the varicose veins with the use of 1064 nm laser and very good smoothing of fine lines wrinkles on forehead. Advances may involve conducting wavelengths or developing customizable protocols for different skin types. Long-term studies on patient outcomes to help establish standardized protocols and improve efficacy in clinical uses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 11","pages":"Article 103516"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142593175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nickel toxicology testing in alternative specimen from farm ruminants in a urban polluted environment","authors":"Zafar Iqbal Khan ,&nbsp;Fatima Ghulam Muhammad ,&nbsp;Kafeel Ahmad ,&nbsp;Mona S. Alwahibi ,&nbsp;Hsi-Hsien Yang ,&nbsp;Muhammad Ishfaq ,&nbsp;Sumaira Anjum ,&nbsp;Kishwar Ali ,&nbsp;Khalid Iqbal ,&nbsp;Emanuele Radicetti ,&nbsp;Muhammad Iftikhar Hussain","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103520","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103520","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The impact of nickel (Ni) metal toxicity, on public health was assessed analyzing forage samples (<em>Acacia nilotica, Zea</em> mays<em>, Pennisetum glaucum, Capparis decidua and Medicago sativa</em>), soils and blood samples of cow, buffalo and sheep (blood plasma, fecal, and hair) collected from three different agro-ecological zones and analyzed through atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Results showed that nickel values differed in soil samples ranging from 4.49 to 9 to 25 mg/kg, in forages from 3.78 to 9.53 mg/kg and in animal samples from 0.65 to 2.42 mg/kg. Nickel concentration, in soil and forage samples, was below the permitted limits. Soil with the minimum nickel level was found under <em>C. decidua</em> while the maximum concentration was reached under the <em>A. nilotica</em>. Among the animals, nickel was maximum in buffaloes that grazed on the Z. mays fodder. Ni was more accumulated in feces than other body tissues. The sheep and buffaloes showed high vulnerability to Ni pollution due to the highest contamination levels at site II and III. Bioconcentration factor, pollution load index and enrichment factor were found to be higher in buffaloes than cows, respectively. The daily intake and health risk index ranged from 0.0056 to 0.0184 mg/kg/day and 0.186–0.614 mg/kg/day respectively. In short, the results of this study evidenced that Nickel-containing fertilizers should never not be used to grow forage species. Government should to lessen the toxic metal accessibility to animals. Although general values were lower than the admitted limit, nickel can be accumulated and the consume of food containing nickel can increase health risks. General monitoring of soil and vegetation pollution load, as well as the use of other non-conventional water like canal water for forage irrigation could be a sustainable solution to decrease the access of nickel in the food chain.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 11","pages":"Article 103520"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142658696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analyzing the impact of phosphorous and nitrogen on Castanopsis sclerophylla early growth stages","authors":"Zhaocheng Wang ,&nbsp;Xu Li ,&nbsp;Muhammad Arif ,&nbsp;Jaweria Shamshad ,&nbsp;Aimin Wu ,&nbsp;Wenyong Zhan ,&nbsp;Bilal Ahmad ,&nbsp;Nengzhi Tan ,&nbsp;Khalid Mashay Al-Anazi ,&nbsp;Mohammad Abul Farah ,&nbsp;Muhammmad Sadiq Khan","doi":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103517","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jksus.2024.103517","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Plant growth elements, particularly nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) are vital for their growth and development, particularly for understory vegetation and their excess limits the net productivity of terrestrial ecosystems. This study focuses on the understory vegetation responds and adaptation to key essential nutrients under changing climate scenarios in subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forests, still needs research attention. this, we set up an experiment taking four treatments in a 50-year-old <em>Castanopsis sclerophylla</em> secondary forest under (a) control (CK), (b) N, (c) P, and (d) combined N and P addition, applied to natural forest regeneration seedlings of <em>C. sclerophylla</em> attained similar growth parameters of diameter of 3 cm and 10 cm height. In addition, carbon, N, P, and non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) were determined through the anthrone colorimetric approach in different parts of seedlings. Results show that the combined N + P application enhanced the N and P by 14.48 %−140.55 % in the seedlings in both dry and wet seasons, respectively. However, during wet season, the content of NSC in the plant leaves significantly exceeded under P addition. Remarkably, CK showed increased P in the growing season but lower during the dry season. Furthermore, the root starch content of seedlings showed a significant increase under the application of N and P compared to combined N + P, ranging between 45.60 % and 58.70 %. Overall, the plant growth is attributed to N and P intake. The nutrient addition and seasonal variations have a coupled effect on seedling growth as proved in the in the natural open forest experiment. The study outcomes emphasize that the alterations in NSC allocation in the roots and leaves of <em>C. sclerophylla</em> seedlings under N + P addition could enhance their adaptation to future global climate changes, drought conditions, and high N concentrations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16205,"journal":{"name":"Journal of King Saud University - Science","volume":"36 11","pages":"Article 103517"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142658802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}