Cesium lead bromide (CsPbBr3) nanocrystals exhibit remarkable optoelectronic properties and exceptional stability. As a result, they have garnered significant interest for their potential applications in various fields, including solar cells, light-emitting devices, photodetectors, and lasers. Despite its resistance to moisture, oxygen, and heat compared to other perovskite materials, CsPbBr3 still faces challenges maintaining its structural and optical stability over extended periods. This study proposes a robust solution to enhance and improve simultaneously the photoluminescence intensity and stability of CsPbBr3 nanocrystals. The solution involves doping the perovskite precursor with green-synthesized carbon quantum dots (CQDs) and tri-n-octyl phosphine (TOP). The results indicate that the photoluminescence intensity of the perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) is sensitive to varying CQD ratios. A high photoluminescence intensity enhancement of 45% was achieved at the optimal CQDs ratio. The synthesized perovskite NCs/CQDs also demonstrated improved stability by adding TOP into the mixture. After storage in the air for 45 days, the mixed perovskite NCs maintained their performance, which was almost unchanged. Solar cell devices based on the modified perovskite NCs showed a power conversion of 7.74%. The devices also demonstrated a significant open-circuit voltage (VOC), with the most successful device achieving a VOC of 1.193 V, an Isc of 10.5748 mA cm−2, and a fill factor (FF) of 61%. This study introduces a cost-effective method for producing high-quality all-inorganic optoelectronic devices with enhanced performance and stability.
{"title":"Enhancement of Optical Properties and Stability in CsPbBr3 Using CQD and TOP Doping for Solar Cell Applications","authors":"Chiayee Salih Ajaj, Diyar Sadiq","doi":"10.1155/2024/5555895","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/5555895","url":null,"abstract":"Cesium lead bromide (CsPbBr3) nanocrystals exhibit remarkable optoelectronic properties and exceptional stability. As a result, they have garnered significant interest for their potential applications in various fields, including solar cells, light-emitting devices, photodetectors, and lasers. Despite its resistance to moisture, oxygen, and heat compared to other perovskite materials, CsPbBr3 still faces challenges maintaining its structural and optical stability over extended periods. This study proposes a robust solution to enhance and improve simultaneously the photoluminescence intensity and stability of CsPbBr3 nanocrystals. The solution involves doping the perovskite precursor with green-synthesized carbon quantum dots (CQDs) and tri-n-octyl phosphine (TOP). The results indicate that the photoluminescence intensity of the perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) is sensitive to varying CQD ratios. A high photoluminescence intensity enhancement of 45% was achieved at the optimal CQDs ratio. The synthesized perovskite NCs/CQDs also demonstrated improved stability by adding TOP into the mixture. After storage in the air for 45 days, the mixed perovskite NCs maintained their performance, which was almost unchanged. Solar cell devices based on the modified perovskite NCs showed a power conversion of 7.74%. The devices also demonstrated a significant open-circuit voltage (VOC), with the most successful device achieving a VOC of 1.193 V, an Isc of 10.5748 mA cm−2, and a fill factor (FF) of 61%. This study introduces a cost-effective method for producing high-quality all-inorganic optoelectronic devices with enhanced performance and stability.","PeriodicalId":16378,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanotechnology","volume":"5 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139438899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Natasha Ross, S. Willenberg, Thando Juqu, E. Carleschi, Bryan P. Doyle
The dissolution of manganese and its deposition on the anode surface cause poor cycling stability in lithium-ion batteries. To alleviate these issues, this study probes the electrochemical activity of highly crystalline and cation-adjusted lithium manganese oxide (LMO) carbon spinel composite obtained via a modified sol-gel synthesis procedure. The pristine LMO cathode was functionalized with a Fe and Mg alloy and fused with purified multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) to form a catalytically stabilized LiMn1.98Fe0.01Mg0.01O4/MWCNT (LMO-FeMg/MWCNT) framework. High-resolution SEM analysis showed well-dispersed particles in the nanometer size range. The electrochemical characteristics of the novel composite materials yielded favourable electrochemical results with diffusion coefficients of 1.91 × 10−9 cm2·s−1 and 5.83 × 10−10 cm2·s−1 for LMO-FeMg and LMO-FeMg/MWCNT, respectively. This improvement was supported by impedance studies which showed a considerable Rct reduction of 0.27 Ω and 0.71 Ω. The cation stabilized system outperformed the pristine LMO material with specific capacities around 145 mAh·g−1, due to an enhancement in electrochemical activity and structural stability.
{"title":"Boosting LiMn2O4 Diffusion Coefficients and Stability via Fe/Mg Doping and MWCNT Synergistically Modulating Microstructure","authors":"Natasha Ross, S. Willenberg, Thando Juqu, E. Carleschi, Bryan P. Doyle","doi":"10.1155/2024/7020995","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/7020995","url":null,"abstract":"The dissolution of manganese and its deposition on the anode surface cause poor cycling stability in lithium-ion batteries. To alleviate these issues, this study probes the electrochemical activity of highly crystalline and cation-adjusted lithium manganese oxide (LMO) carbon spinel composite obtained via a modified sol-gel synthesis procedure. The pristine LMO cathode was functionalized with a Fe and Mg alloy and fused with purified multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) to form a catalytically stabilized LiMn1.98Fe0.01Mg0.01O4/MWCNT (LMO-FeMg/MWCNT) framework. High-resolution SEM analysis showed well-dispersed particles in the nanometer size range. The electrochemical characteristics of the novel composite materials yielded favourable electrochemical results with diffusion coefficients of 1.91 × 10−9 cm2·s−1 and 5.83 × 10−10 cm2·s−1 for LMO-FeMg and LMO-FeMg/MWCNT, respectively. This improvement was supported by impedance studies which showed a considerable Rct reduction of 0.27 Ω and 0.71 Ω. The cation stabilized system outperformed the pristine LMO material with specific capacities around 145 mAh·g−1, due to an enhancement in electrochemical activity and structural stability.","PeriodicalId":16378,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanotechnology","volume":"51 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139381628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Javeria Parveen, Tahira Sultana, Abeer Kazmi, Khafsa Malik, Abd Ullah, Amir Ali, Bushra Qayyum, N. Raja, Z. Mashwani, Saif Ur Rehman
Due to rapidly changing environmental conditions, virulent pathogens have arisen continuously that invades the crops and badly affects their yield and quality of the cash crops which results in economic losses. To overcome the prevalent infection of fungal pathogens, there is an utmost need to develop alternative techniques that avoid conventional agriculture practices. The use of various chemical fungicides is not an environmentally sustainable solution to fungal diseases because it produces environmental contamination and is dangerous for human health. Nanotechnology provides solutions to disease control issues in a significant way. The scientific and industrial systems are being changed by this development. Similarly, nano-based instruments are highly promising in the agriculture sector, particularly for the production of powerful formulations that require appropriate distribution of agrochemicals, nutrients, pesticides/insecticides, and even growth regulators for improved efficiency of use. Nanotechnology provides an inexpensive, environmentally friendly, and alternative effective monitoring of agricultural fungal pathogens. Green nanotechnology is an innovative methodology that revolutionized the field of agriculture to solve these problems. Despite increasing plant growth, nanoparticles meet the agriculture demand for high yield. This study mainly focuses on the promise of various methods for the treatment of fungal diseases through nanoparticles.
{"title":"Phytosynthesized Nanoparticles as Novel Antifungal Agent for Sustainable Agriculture: A Mechanistic Approach, Current Advances, and Future Directions","authors":"Javeria Parveen, Tahira Sultana, Abeer Kazmi, Khafsa Malik, Abd Ullah, Amir Ali, Bushra Qayyum, N. Raja, Z. Mashwani, Saif Ur Rehman","doi":"10.1155/2023/8011189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/8011189","url":null,"abstract":"Due to rapidly changing environmental conditions, virulent pathogens have arisen continuously that invades the crops and badly affects their yield and quality of the cash crops which results in economic losses. To overcome the prevalent infection of fungal pathogens, there is an utmost need to develop alternative techniques that avoid conventional agriculture practices. The use of various chemical fungicides is not an environmentally sustainable solution to fungal diseases because it produces environmental contamination and is dangerous for human health. Nanotechnology provides solutions to disease control issues in a significant way. The scientific and industrial systems are being changed by this development. Similarly, nano-based instruments are highly promising in the agriculture sector, particularly for the production of powerful formulations that require appropriate distribution of agrochemicals, nutrients, pesticides/insecticides, and even growth regulators for improved efficiency of use. Nanotechnology provides an inexpensive, environmentally friendly, and alternative effective monitoring of agricultural fungal pathogens. Green nanotechnology is an innovative methodology that revolutionized the field of agriculture to solve these problems. Despite increasing plant growth, nanoparticles meet the agriculture demand for high yield. This study mainly focuses on the promise of various methods for the treatment of fungal diseases through nanoparticles.","PeriodicalId":16378,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanotechnology","volume":" 48","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139142731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. E. Mousavi, H. Pahlavanzadeh, Reza Khalighi, M. Khani, H. A. Ebrahim, Saeed Abbasizadeh, A. Mozaffari
This study aims to propose an advanced catalyst for the selective catalytic reduction of SO2, as a sustainable process to mitigate the emission of this toxic gas, which is a significant environmental concern. The conversion of SO2 through catalytic reduction with CH4 to elemental sulfur was investigated using Al2O3-Cu catalysts. The reaction was conducted under atmospheric pressure and at a temperature range of 550–800°C. A remarkable 99.9% SO2 conversion rate and 99.5% sulfur selectivity were achieved using the Al2O3-Cu (10%) catalyst at 750°C. The highest conversion rates of SO2 to elemental sulfur, with minimal production of undesirable by-products such as H2S and COS, were obtained when the SO2/CH4 molar feed ratio was set at 2, which is the stoichiometric ratio. Furthermore, the optimal catalyst exhibited excellent long-term stability for SO2 reduction with methane.
{"title":"Reduction of SO2 to Elemental Sulfur in Flue Gas Using Copper-Alumina Catalysts","authors":"S. E. Mousavi, H. Pahlavanzadeh, Reza Khalighi, M. Khani, H. A. Ebrahim, Saeed Abbasizadeh, A. Mozaffari","doi":"10.1155/2023/3723612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/3723612","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to propose an advanced catalyst for the selective catalytic reduction of SO2, as a sustainable process to mitigate the emission of this toxic gas, which is a significant environmental concern. The conversion of SO2 through catalytic reduction with CH4 to elemental sulfur was investigated using Al2O3-Cu catalysts. The reaction was conducted under atmospheric pressure and at a temperature range of 550–800°C. A remarkable 99.9% SO2 conversion rate and 99.5% sulfur selectivity were achieved using the Al2O3-Cu (10%) catalyst at 750°C. The highest conversion rates of SO2 to elemental sulfur, with minimal production of undesirable by-products such as H2S and COS, were obtained when the SO2/CH4 molar feed ratio was set at 2, which is the stoichiometric ratio. Furthermore, the optimal catalyst exhibited excellent long-term stability for SO2 reduction with methane.","PeriodicalId":16378,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanotechnology","volume":"88 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139161474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abdel Ghany F. Shoair, A. S. Almalki, M. M. Shanab, Ahmed M. Sheta, Amir El-Basiony, Nasser A. El-Ghamaz, Hany A. Nasef, Hussein A. Khalaf
Nickel peroxide nanoparticles (NPNPs) were prepared and characterized using various techniques including transmission electron microscope (TEM), scan electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and FTIR spectra. The aqueous basic catalytic system NiSO4·6H2O/NaOCl/NaOH (pH = 14) was investigated for the catalytic dehydrogenation of benzylamine and parasubstituents to their corresponding nitriles at room temperature. The obtained results confirmed the formation of NiO2 nanocrystalline particles with a size of 20 nm. Benzylamine with electron-donating groups showed higher yields of nitriles compared to electron-withdrawing groups. The mechanism involved in the in situ generated NiO2 nanoparticles dehydrogenating benzylamine to benzonitrile, with the produced NiO converting back to NiO2 nanoparticles through the excess of NaOCl.
{"title":"Unlocking the Potential of NiSO4·6H2O/NaOCl/NaOH Catalytic System: Insights into Nickel Peroxide as an Intermediate for Benzonitrile Synthesis in Water","authors":"Abdel Ghany F. Shoair, A. S. Almalki, M. M. Shanab, Ahmed M. Sheta, Amir El-Basiony, Nasser A. El-Ghamaz, Hany A. Nasef, Hussein A. Khalaf","doi":"10.1155/2023/9940845","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/9940845","url":null,"abstract":"Nickel peroxide nanoparticles (NPNPs) were prepared and characterized using various techniques including transmission electron microscope (TEM), scan electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and FTIR spectra. The aqueous basic catalytic system NiSO4·6H2O/NaOCl/NaOH (pH = 14) was investigated for the catalytic dehydrogenation of benzylamine and parasubstituents to their corresponding nitriles at room temperature. The obtained results confirmed the formation of NiO2 nanocrystalline particles with a size of 20 nm. Benzylamine with electron-donating groups showed higher yields of nitriles compared to electron-withdrawing groups. The mechanism involved in the in situ generated NiO2 nanoparticles dehydrogenating benzylamine to benzonitrile, with the produced NiO converting back to NiO2 nanoparticles through the excess of NaOCl.","PeriodicalId":16378,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanotechnology","volume":"226 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2023-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139261142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Drug delivery via the oral route has always been challenging for poorly soluble drugs. Acid-induced hydrolysis, enzymatic degradation, and poor mucosal absorbency remain the primary hiccups for effective oral delivery of medications. With the advent of nanotechnology, nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) have emerged as a promising delivery carrier that can circumvent gastrointestinal tract (GIT) barriers hindering the solubility and bioavailability of such drugs. These NLCs can efficiently transport drug moieties across intestinal membranes shielding medications from intestinal pH and enzymatic degradation. Because they are composed of lipidic materials, they can be easily absorbed or taken up by various pathways such as transcellular absorption, paracellular transport, and M-cell uptake. Such mechanisms not only improve the absorption and solubility of drugs but also augment bioavailability and residence time and may bypass first-pass metabolism. This review explores the diverse applications of nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) in oral drug delivery for various medical conditions, shedding light on their current regulatory status, including FDA-approved options and those in pre/clinical stages. The review also features patented NLC formulations. It provides valuable insights into how NLCs can be harnessed for effective oral drug delivery and outlines recent advancements in optimizing their performance to tackle gastrointestinal barriers, thus opening new possibilities for NLCs in future pharmaceutical applications.
{"title":"Nanostructured Lipid Carriers for Improved Delivery of Therapeutics via the Oral Route","authors":"Alok Kumar Mahor, Prem Prakash Singh, Rishikesh Gupta, Peeyush Bhardwaj, Priyanka Rathore, Ankita Kishore, Rohit Goyal, Neeraj Sharma, Jyoti Verma, Jessica M. Rosenholm, Kuldeep K. Bansal","doi":"10.1155/2023/4687959","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/4687959","url":null,"abstract":"Drug delivery via the oral route has always been challenging for poorly soluble drugs. Acid-induced hydrolysis, enzymatic degradation, and poor mucosal absorbency remain the primary hiccups for effective oral delivery of medications. With the advent of nanotechnology, nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) have emerged as a promising delivery carrier that can circumvent gastrointestinal tract (GIT) barriers hindering the solubility and bioavailability of such drugs. These NLCs can efficiently transport drug moieties across intestinal membranes shielding medications from intestinal pH and enzymatic degradation. Because they are composed of lipidic materials, they can be easily absorbed or taken up by various pathways such as transcellular absorption, paracellular transport, and M-cell uptake. Such mechanisms not only improve the absorption and solubility of drugs but also augment bioavailability and residence time and may bypass first-pass metabolism. This review explores the diverse applications of nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) in oral drug delivery for various medical conditions, shedding light on their current regulatory status, including FDA-approved options and those in pre/clinical stages. The review also features patented NLC formulations. It provides valuable insights into how NLCs can be harnessed for effective oral drug delivery and outlines recent advancements in optimizing their performance to tackle gastrointestinal barriers, thus opening new possibilities for NLCs in future pharmaceutical applications.","PeriodicalId":16378,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanotechnology","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135679185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objectives. The use of antibacterial drugs for the treatment of infections has been on for several decades but not without some challenges such as resistance. Research on natural products is on-going to mitigate this challenge. The aim of this study was to synthesize silver nanoparticles (SNPs) with aqueous and methanol extract of Ehretia cymosa leaf and to explore its antibacterial potentials in semisolid dosage delivery system as topical antibacterial cream and ointment. Methods. E. cymosa leaf was extracted by macerating in distilled water and methanol. The extracts were used to synthesize SNPs. SNPs were characterized and confirmed by visual observation, UV-visible spectroscopy, FTIR, atomic absorption spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. SNPs were used to formulate cream and ointment, and the antibacterial activity of the formulations was evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Results. Absorption band was observed at 450 nm for aqueous extract SNPs and 420 nm for methanol extract SNPs due to surface plasmon resonance. SNPs were agglomerated with the irregular size of 55 nm and 90 nm. The formulations had acceptable physicochemical properties with good drug-excipient compatibility. The antibacterial activity of cream formulations had a significantly ( ) higher antibacterial activity compared to ointment formulations. Both formulations with SNPs had higher antibacterial activity than ciprofloxacin. Conclusion. Cream and ointment formulations loaded with green synthesized E. cymosa leaf extract SNPs present a potential for a more efficient and effective antibacterial drug delivery to ameliorate the impact of antibacterial drug resistance.
{"title":"Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Extracts of Ehretia cymosa and Evaluation of Its Antibacterial Activity in Cream and Ointment Drug Delivery Systems","authors":"Olutayo Ademola Adeleye, Olatunji Kayode Aremu, Haroon Iqbal, Musiliu Oluseun Adedokun, Oluyemisi Adebowale Bamiro, Olufemi Lionel Okunye, Mbang N. Femi-Oyewo, Kehinde Oluseun Sodeinde, Zwanden S. Yahaya, Adepero Olubukola Awolesi","doi":"10.1155/2023/2808015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/2808015","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives. The use of antibacterial drugs for the treatment of infections has been on for several decades but not without some challenges such as resistance. Research on natural products is on-going to mitigate this challenge. The aim of this study was to synthesize silver nanoparticles (SNPs) with aqueous and methanol extract of Ehretia cymosa leaf and to explore its antibacterial potentials in semisolid dosage delivery system as topical antibacterial cream and ointment. Methods. E. cymosa leaf was extracted by macerating in distilled water and methanol. The extracts were used to synthesize SNPs. SNPs were characterized and confirmed by visual observation, UV-visible spectroscopy, FTIR, atomic absorption spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. SNPs were used to formulate cream and ointment, and the antibacterial activity of the formulations was evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Results. Absorption band was observed at 450 nm for aqueous extract SNPs and 420 nm for methanol extract SNPs due to surface plasmon resonance. SNPs were agglomerated with the irregular size of 55 nm and 90 nm. The formulations had acceptable physicochemical properties with good drug-excipient compatibility. The antibacterial activity of cream formulations had a significantly ( <math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" id=\"M1\"> <mi>p</mi> <mo><</mo> <mn>0.0001</mn> </math> ) higher antibacterial activity compared to ointment formulations. Both formulations with SNPs had higher antibacterial activity than ciprofloxacin. Conclusion. Cream and ointment formulations loaded with green synthesized E. cymosa leaf extract SNPs present a potential for a more efficient and effective antibacterial drug delivery to ameliorate the impact of antibacterial drug resistance.","PeriodicalId":16378,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanotechnology","volume":"75 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135872141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nickel (Ni)-iron (Fe) alloy in the form of Ni81Fe19 (permalloy) is a widely used material in technological soft magnetic applications. Understanding the magnetization behavior in detail in such materials is substantial from both a scientific point of view and industrial demands. Therefore, the main purpose of the present article is to discuss the angular dependence of magnetization in Ni81Fe19 nanowires by micromagnetic simulation using the object-oriented micromagnetic framework (OOMMF) platform. These investigations have been implemented on different widths/thicknesses (T) up to 150 nm with an identical stretch of 1 µm. There was a reduction in the remanent magnetization by increasing the wire angle with respect to the magnetic field applied, which displayed excellent agreement with calculations performed theoretically. This was designated for the effect of shape anisotropy on behavior. The angular dependence of the switching behavior was analyzed and compared theoretically with the classical domain wall reversal models. The magnetic reversal for wires ≤30 nm was well defined by the uniform rotation of the Stoner–Wohlfarth model, whereas for nanostructures ≥50 nm was analyzed by the nonuniform rotation of the curling model. The critical thickness for the transition between these models was theoretically calculated and found to be around 30 ± 5 nm, which is in good agreement with the other findings presented in the literature using other materials of ferromagnetic wires. The micromagnetic spin structure was obtained instantaneously before and after switching events for relatively thick (150 nm) nanostructures at different angles, suggesting that the reversal is not as simple as predicted by the domain wall reversal of nonuniform rotation of the curling model.
{"title":"Angular Dependence of Magnetization Behavior in Ni81Fe19 Nanowires by Micromagnetic Simulations","authors":"Musaab Salman Sultan","doi":"10.1155/2023/3152014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/3152014","url":null,"abstract":"Nickel (Ni)-iron (Fe) alloy in the form of Ni81Fe19 (permalloy) is a widely used material in technological soft magnetic applications. Understanding the magnetization behavior in detail in such materials is substantial from both a scientific point of view and industrial demands. Therefore, the main purpose of the present article is to discuss the angular dependence of magnetization in Ni81Fe19 nanowires by micromagnetic simulation using the object-oriented micromagnetic framework (OOMMF) platform. These investigations have been implemented on different widths/thicknesses (T) up to 150 nm with an identical stretch of 1 µm. There was a reduction in the remanent magnetization by increasing the wire angle with respect to the magnetic field applied, which displayed excellent agreement with calculations performed theoretically. This was designated for the effect of shape anisotropy on behavior. The angular dependence of the switching behavior was analyzed and compared theoretically with the classical domain wall reversal models. The magnetic reversal for wires ≤30 nm was well defined by the uniform rotation of the Stoner–Wohlfarth model, whereas for nanostructures ≥50 nm was analyzed by the nonuniform rotation of the curling model. The critical thickness for the transition between these models was theoretically calculated and found to be around 30 ± 5 nm, which is in good agreement with the other findings presented in the literature using other materials of ferromagnetic wires. The micromagnetic spin structure was obtained instantaneously before and after switching events for relatively thick (150 nm) nanostructures at different angles, suggesting that the reversal is not as simple as predicted by the domain wall reversal of nonuniform rotation of the curling model.","PeriodicalId":16378,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanotechnology","volume":"913 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136079561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Iman N. Jasem, Hiba H. Abdullah, Mohammed Jalal Abdulrazzaq
This study experimentally demonstrates the operation of a dual-wavelength passively Q-switched erbium-doped fiber laser that incorporates CaCO3 nanoparticles as a saturable absorber (SA). The SA was prepared by using the drop-casting method, wherein CaCO3 nanoparticles were embedded in a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) polymer to form a CaCO3/PVA film SA. The film was integrated into a ring laser cavity with a 976 nm pump to generate Q-switched pulses. The properties of the SA were examined experimentally, and its modulation depth is approximately 47%. As the pump power increased from 180 mW to 270 mW and the pulse repetition rate increased from 12.67 kHz to 21.3 kHz, the corresponding pulse width decreased from 35.27 μs to 18.74 μs. The signal-to-noise ratio was approximately 25 dB, highlighting the laser’s stability. The results indicate that the proposed CaCO3/PVA SA is suitable for realizing portable Q-switched lasers.
{"title":"Dual-Wavelength Passively Q-Switched Erbium-Doped Fiber Laser Incorporating Calcium Carbonate Nanoparticles as Saturable Absorber","authors":"Iman N. Jasem, Hiba H. Abdullah, Mohammed Jalal Abdulrazzaq","doi":"10.1155/2023/8858582","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/8858582","url":null,"abstract":"This study experimentally demonstrates the operation of a dual-wavelength passively Q-switched erbium-doped fiber laser that incorporates CaCO3 nanoparticles as a saturable absorber (SA). The SA was prepared by using the drop-casting method, wherein CaCO3 nanoparticles were embedded in a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) polymer to form a CaCO3/PVA film SA. The film was integrated into a ring laser cavity with a 976 nm pump to generate Q-switched pulses. The properties of the SA were examined experimentally, and its modulation depth is approximately 47%. As the pump power increased from 180 mW to 270 mW and the pulse repetition rate increased from 12.67 kHz to 21.3 kHz, the corresponding pulse width decreased from 35.27 μs to 18.74 μs. The signal-to-noise ratio was approximately 25 dB, highlighting the laser’s stability. The results indicate that the proposed CaCO3/PVA SA is suitable for realizing portable Q-switched lasers.","PeriodicalId":16378,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanotechnology","volume":"133 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135385824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nguyen Duc Vu Quyen, Tran Ngoc Tuyen, Dinh Quang Khieu, Ho Van Minh Hai, Dang Xuan Tin, Bui Thi Hoang Diem, Le Van Thanh Son, Nguyen Thi Kieu Diem, Le Thi Nguyet, Bui Thi Thuy, Ho Thi Thuy Dung
Agricultural wastes including bagasse and rice husk ashes are employed for synthesizing spherical nanosilica materials via the ultrasonic-assisted precipitation process in the present study. The comparison between them and nanosilica prepared from pure sodium silicate is also carried out. The role of the NH4OH : ethanol volume ratio is demonstrated. The obtained nanosilica is characterized by modern methods including X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), infrared spectroscopy (IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherms (BET). The nanosilica material is employed as an effective adsorbent for the removal of methylene blue (MB) from an aqueous solution. The suitable pH and adsorbent dosage are determined at 8 and 0.375 g·L−1. The adsorption isotherm study is surveyed based on Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. Pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Weber–Morris intraparticle diffusion model well describe the chemical nature of the adsorption. The thermodynamic parameters of the reaction are determined based on the Van’t Hoff equation.
{"title":"Separation of Spherical Nanosilica from Agricultural Wastes in Vietnam via Ultrasonic-Assisted Precipitation and Application for Effective Removal of Methylene Blue from Aqueous Solution","authors":"Nguyen Duc Vu Quyen, Tran Ngoc Tuyen, Dinh Quang Khieu, Ho Van Minh Hai, Dang Xuan Tin, Bui Thi Hoang Diem, Le Van Thanh Son, Nguyen Thi Kieu Diem, Le Thi Nguyet, Bui Thi Thuy, Ho Thi Thuy Dung","doi":"10.1155/2023/8884113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/8884113","url":null,"abstract":"Agricultural wastes including bagasse and rice husk ashes are employed for synthesizing spherical nanosilica materials via the ultrasonic-assisted precipitation process in the present study. The comparison between them and nanosilica prepared from pure sodium silicate is also carried out. The role of the NH4OH : ethanol volume ratio is demonstrated. The obtained nanosilica is characterized by modern methods including X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), infrared spectroscopy (IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherms (BET). The nanosilica material is employed as an effective adsorbent for the removal of methylene blue (MB) from an aqueous solution. The suitable pH and adsorbent dosage are determined at 8 and 0.375 g·L−1. The adsorption isotherm study is surveyed based on Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. Pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Weber–Morris intraparticle diffusion model well describe the chemical nature of the adsorption. The thermodynamic parameters of the reaction are determined based on the Van’t Hoff equation.","PeriodicalId":16378,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanotechnology","volume":"2012 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134886439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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