In recent years, nanoparticles synthesis by green synthesis has gained extensive attention as a facile, inexpensive, and environmentally friendly method compared with chemical and physical synthesis methods. This review covered the biosynthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs), including the procedure and mechanism. Factors affecting the formation of ZnO NPs are discussed. The presence of active bioorganic molecules in plant extract played a vital role in the formation of ZnO NPs as a natural green medium in the metallic ion reduction processes. ZnO NPs exhibit attractive photocatalysis properties due to electrochemical stability, high electron mobility, and large surface area. In this review, the procedure and mechanism of the ZnO photocatalysis process are studied. The effects of dyes amount, catalysts, and light on photodegradation efficiency are also considered. This review provides useful information for researchers who are dealing with green synthesis of ZnO NPs. Moreover, it can provide investigators with different perceptions towards the efficiency of biosynthesized ZnO NPs on dyes degradation and its restrictions.
{"title":"Plant-Mediated Biosynthesis and Photocatalysis Activities of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles: A Prospect towards Dyes Mineralization","authors":"M. A. Fagier","doi":"10.1155/2021/6629180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6629180","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, nanoparticles synthesis by green synthesis has gained extensive attention as a facile, inexpensive, and environmentally friendly method compared with chemical and physical synthesis methods. This review covered the biosynthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs), including the procedure and mechanism. Factors affecting the formation of ZnO NPs are discussed. The presence of active bioorganic molecules in plant extract played a vital role in the formation of ZnO NPs as a natural green medium in the metallic ion reduction processes. ZnO NPs exhibit attractive photocatalysis properties due to electrochemical stability, high electron mobility, and large surface area. In this review, the procedure and mechanism of the ZnO photocatalysis process are studied. The effects of dyes amount, catalysts, and light on photodegradation efficiency are also considered. This review provides useful information for researchers who are dealing with green synthesis of ZnO NPs. Moreover, it can provide investigators with different perceptions towards the efficiency of biosynthesized ZnO NPs on dyes degradation and its restrictions.","PeriodicalId":16378,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanotechnology","volume":"84 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2021-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85972972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The objective of the investigation was to determine adsorption of lead and iron in waters coming from the Santa River, Recuay jurisdiction, Ancash. Then the synthesis of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2) was carried out by means of ultrasound, and finally the adsorption of the metal ions present in these waters by means of the titanium dioxide nanoparticles. The results indicate that the iron was adsorbed by 92.69% (from 31.86 mg/L to 2.33 mg/L) and the lead was adsorbed by 79.58% (from 2.361 mg/L to 0.482 mg/L) using 600mg of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2) and a treatment time of 60 minutes of treatment.
{"title":"Adsorption of lead and iron present in the waters of the Santa River using titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2) [Adsorción de plomo y hierro presentes en aguas del río Santa utilizando nanopartículas de dióxido de titanio (TiO2)]","authors":"Lenin Inquil Ayquipa, Jhonny Valverde Flores","doi":"10.32829/nanoj.v4i2.199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32829/nanoj.v4i2.199","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of the investigation was to determine adsorption of lead and iron in waters coming from the Santa River, Recuay jurisdiction, Ancash. Then the synthesis of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2) was carried out by means of ultrasound, and finally the adsorption of the metal ions present in these waters by means of the titanium dioxide nanoparticles. The results indicate that the iron was adsorbed by 92.69% (from 31.86 mg/L to 2.33 mg/L) and the lead was adsorbed by 79.58% (from 2.361 mg/L to 0.482 mg/L) using 600mg of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2) and a treatment time of 60 minutes of treatment.","PeriodicalId":16378,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanotechnology","volume":"139 1","pages":"8-12"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2020-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73627494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shear thickening fluid (STF) occurs in dispersions of highly condensed colloid particles and is categorized as a non-Newtonian fluid whose viscosity increases under shear loading which makes them beneficial in protective and impact resistance applications. The aim of this study is to synthesis two different STFs and characterize their microstructural properties to provide a data base for comparing the final macrobehavior of the two fluids under mechanical testing. Therefore, fumed silica and polyethylene glycol STF and starch with water STF-based dispersions were prepared. The particle size, zeta potential, SEM micrographs, and rheological analysis were performed for each type of STF. The effect of filler concentration was observed by using 10–30 weight% filling material. The rheological properties of STFs show higher viscosity measurements at same shear rates for starch/water STF than silica/PEG with maximum viscosity reaching 523.6 Pa s and 178.9 Pa s, respectively. Larger starch particle size over silica recorded as 303.7 nm and 16.49 nm, respectively, and zeta potential analysis recorded particle electrostatic charges as 22.6 mV and 12.8 mV, respectively, leading to more dispersion stability and obvious thickening effect at higher particle concentration leading to greater jump in viscosity at sudden shear rate. The results indicate the capability of trying more protective applications with more flexibility and less thickness when STF is implemented and a good database for the fluids to choose from according to their behavior.
剪切增稠流体(STF)发生在高度凝聚的胶体颗粒的分散体中，被分类为非牛顿流体，其粘度在剪切载荷下增加，这使得它们有利于保护和抗冲击应用。本研究的目的是合成两种不同的STFs并表征其微观结构特性，为比较两种流体在力学测试中的最终宏观行为提供数据基础。因此，制备了气相二氧化硅和聚乙二醇STF以及淀粉与水STF基分散体。对每种STF进行粒径、zeta电位、SEM显微照片和流变学分析。采用10 ~ 30 %重量的填料，观察填料浓度的影响。在相同剪切速率下，淀粉/水STF的粘度测量值高于二氧化硅/聚乙二醇STF，最大粘度分别达到523.6 Pa s和178.9 Pa s。相比于二氧化硅，淀粉粒径更大，分别为303.7 nm和16.49 nm, zeta电位分析记录的颗粒静电荷分别为22.6 mV和12.8 mV，在高颗粒浓度下分散稳定性更好，增稠效果明显，在突然剪切速率下粘度跳变更大。结果表明，当采用STF时，可以尝试更多具有更大灵活性和更小厚度的保护应用，并且可以根据流体的行为选择良好的数据库。
{"title":"Shear Thickening Fluids Comparative Analysis Composed of Silica Nanoparticles in Polyethylene Glycol and Starch in Water","authors":"R. Mankarious, M. Radwan","doi":"10.1155/2020/8839185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8839185","url":null,"abstract":"Shear thickening fluid (STF) occurs in dispersions of highly condensed colloid particles and is categorized as a non-Newtonian fluid whose viscosity increases under shear loading which makes them beneficial in protective and impact resistance applications. The aim of this study is to synthesis two different STFs and characterize their microstructural properties to provide a data base for comparing the final macrobehavior of the two fluids under mechanical testing. Therefore, fumed silica and polyethylene glycol STF and starch with water STF-based dispersions were prepared. The particle size, zeta potential, SEM micrographs, and rheological analysis were performed for each type of STF. The effect of filler concentration was observed by using 10–30 weight% filling material. The rheological properties of STFs show higher viscosity measurements at same shear rates for starch/water STF than silica/PEG with maximum viscosity reaching 523.6 Pa s and 178.9 Pa s, respectively. Larger starch particle size over silica recorded as 303.7 nm and 16.49 nm, respectively, and zeta potential analysis recorded particle electrostatic charges as 22.6 mV and 12.8 mV, respectively, leading to more dispersion stability and obvious thickening effect at higher particle concentration leading to greater jump in viscosity at sudden shear rate. The results indicate the capability of trying more protective applications with more flexibility and less thickness when STF is implemented and a good database for the fluids to choose from according to their behavior.","PeriodicalId":16378,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanotechnology","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2020-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85880652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Corrigendum to “Antibacterial Screening of Gunnera perpensa-Mediated Silver Nanoparticles”","authors":"N. Patel, K. Kasumbwe, V. Mohanlall, L. Mbatha","doi":"10.1155/2020/7916862","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/7916862","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p />","PeriodicalId":16378,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanotechnology","volume":"44 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75566899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The scientific consensus is now on developing a biocontrol agent that can cause cellular metabolic reprogramming against agricultural pathogens. Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles was performed by using phytopathogenic fungi (Alternaria sp.) isolated from banana cultivated soil. Alternaria sp. can grow very fast and produce high enough bioactive compounds. This study aims to biosynthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using fungal Alternaria sp.’s metabolites as a safe antifungal agent against plant pathogenic fungi (Fusarium spp. and Alternaria sp.). To visualize the formation of AgNPs, analytical instruments were used, such as ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), and elemental mapping. The UV-visible spectra showed a peak at 435 nm. Analysis of scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) micrographs evidenced that the size of synthesized silver nanoparticles ranged between 3 and 10 nm. The resulting AgNPs showed distinct antifungal activity against selected plant pathogenic fungi. Synthesized AgNPs have demonstrated remarkable potential for the use of antifungal compounds to combat plant diseases.
{"title":"Fungus- (Alternaria sp.) Mediated Silver Nanoparticles Synthesis, Characterization, and Screening of Antifungal Activity against Some Phytopathogens","authors":"T. Win, Sikandar Khan, Pengcheng Fu","doi":"10.1155/2020/8828878","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8828878","url":null,"abstract":"The scientific consensus is now on developing a biocontrol agent that can cause cellular metabolic reprogramming against agricultural pathogens. Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles was performed by using phytopathogenic fungi (Alternaria sp.) isolated from banana cultivated soil. Alternaria sp. can grow very fast and produce high enough bioactive compounds. This study aims to biosynthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using fungal Alternaria sp.’s metabolites as a safe antifungal agent against plant pathogenic fungi (Fusarium spp. and Alternaria sp.). To visualize the formation of AgNPs, analytical instruments were used, such as ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), and elemental mapping. The UV-visible spectra showed a peak at 435 nm. Analysis of scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) micrographs evidenced that the size of synthesized silver nanoparticles ranged between 3 and 10 nm. The resulting AgNPs showed distinct antifungal activity against selected plant pathogenic fungi. Synthesized AgNPs have demonstrated remarkable potential for the use of antifungal compounds to combat plant diseases.","PeriodicalId":16378,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanotechnology","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2020-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74081445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Worku Wubet Andualem, F. K. Sabir, E. T. Mohammed, H. Belay, B. Gonfa
Development of green technology is generating interest of researchers towards ecofriendly and low-cost methods for biosynthesis of nanoparticles (NPs). In this study, copper oxide (CuO) NPs were synthesized using a copper nitrate trihydrate precursor and Catha edulis leaves extract as a reducing and capping agent during the synthesis. The biosynthesized CuO NPs were characterized using an X-ray diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscopy-energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), transmission electron microscope (TEM), Ultraviolet visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. XRD characterization confirmed that the biosynthesized CuO NPs possessed a good crystalline nature which perfectly matched the monoclinic structure of bulk CuO. Furthermore, the results obtained from SEM and TEM showed that the biosynthesized CuO NPs were spherical in shape. EDS characterization of the biosynthesized NPs also indicated that the reaction product was composed of highly pure CuO NPs. Moreover, the antimicrobial activities of different concentrations of CuO NPs synthesized using Catha edulis extract were also tested. Accordingly, the result showed that the highest zone of inhibitions measured were for CuO NPs synthesized using 1 : 2 ratios at 40 mg/ml solution concentration and observed to be 22 ± 0.01 mm, 24 ± 0.02 mm, 32 ± 0.02 mm, and 29 ± 0.03 mm for S. aureus, S. pyogenes, E. coli, and K. pneumonia, respectively.
{"title":"Synthesis of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles Using Plant Leaf Extract of Catha edulis and Its Antibacterial Activity","authors":"Worku Wubet Andualem, F. K. Sabir, E. T. Mohammed, H. Belay, B. Gonfa","doi":"10.1155/2020/2932434","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/2932434","url":null,"abstract":"Development of green technology is generating interest of researchers towards ecofriendly and low-cost methods for biosynthesis of nanoparticles (NPs). In this study, copper oxide (CuO) NPs were synthesized using a copper nitrate trihydrate precursor and Catha edulis leaves extract as a reducing and capping agent during the synthesis. The biosynthesized CuO NPs were characterized using an X-ray diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscopy-energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), transmission electron microscope (TEM), Ultraviolet visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. XRD characterization confirmed that the biosynthesized CuO NPs possessed a good crystalline nature which perfectly matched the monoclinic structure of bulk CuO. Furthermore, the results obtained from SEM and TEM showed that the biosynthesized CuO NPs were spherical in shape. EDS characterization of the biosynthesized NPs also indicated that the reaction product was composed of highly pure CuO NPs. Moreover, the antimicrobial activities of different concentrations of CuO NPs synthesized using Catha edulis extract were also tested. Accordingly, the result showed that the highest zone of inhibitions measured were for CuO NPs synthesized using 1 : 2 ratios at 40 mg/ml solution concentration and observed to be 22 ± 0.01 mm, 24 ± 0.02 mm, 32 ± 0.02 mm, and 29 ± 0.03 mm for S. aureus, S. pyogenes, E. coli, and K. pneumonia, respectively.","PeriodicalId":16378,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanotechnology","volume":"165 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2020-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76893921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pristine montmorillonite (Mont) was used as raw materials to prepare hydroxyl-Fe-pillared Mont, hydroxyl-Al-pillared Mont, and hydroxyl-Fe-Al-pillared Mont composites. By varying the OH/Fe and Fe/Al molar ratios during the preparation of the pillared Mont, the adsorption capacity of zearalenone (ZEA) and the kinetics were elucidated. The characterization of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy reveals the adsorption mechanism of pristine and modified Mont. The results indicated that the ZEA adsorption capacity is Mont (0.05 mg/g) << 1.5OH/Fe-Mont (0.28 mg/g) << OH/Al-Mont (0.51 mg/g) < 0.5Fe/Al-Mont (0.56 mg/g) in the condition of pH = 8 and 37°C, in which both 0.5Fe/Al-Mont and OH/Al-Mont reached maximum adsorption capacity and 1.5OH/Fe-Mont attained 5 times the capacity of Mont. Adsorption isotherm studies revealed that Freundlich adsorption isotherms best represented the experimental data. The kinetic data for ZEA adsorption revealed that the Mont adsorption capacity for ZEA equilibrates in 1 hour and is best described using the pseudo-second-order rate equation. The XRD analysis indicated that the amplification of Fe-dominant pillared Mont interlayer spacing is the main reason for the observed increases in the adsorption capacity of ZEA, while Al-dominant pillared Mont has a relatively stable Keggin structure; therefore, interlayer spacing is not the primary mechanism for changes in the adsorption capacity of both OH/Al-Mont and Al-dominant pillared Mont. An FT-IR analysis demonstrated that cationic exchange was the dominant mechanism that allowed ZEA and hydroxyl-Al ions to enter the Mont interlayers, while this cationic exchange mechanism was not the dominant mechanism used by hydroxyl-Fe entering the Mont layers.
{"title":"Adsorption Behaviour and Kinetics of Zearalenone on Hydroxyl-Fe-Al-Intercalated Montmorillonite","authors":"Shengqiong Fang, Yu Xiao, Huiqiang Wang","doi":"10.1155/2020/7680738","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/7680738","url":null,"abstract":"Pristine montmorillonite (Mont) was used as raw materials to prepare hydroxyl-Fe-pillared Mont, hydroxyl-Al-pillared Mont, and hydroxyl-Fe-Al-pillared Mont composites. By varying the OH/Fe and Fe/Al molar ratios during the preparation of the pillared Mont, the adsorption capacity of zearalenone (ZEA) and the kinetics were elucidated. The characterization of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy reveals the adsorption mechanism of pristine and modified Mont. The results indicated that the ZEA adsorption capacity is Mont (0.05 mg/g) << 1.5OH/Fe-Mont (0.28 mg/g) << OH/Al-Mont (0.51 mg/g) < 0.5Fe/Al-Mont (0.56 mg/g) in the condition of pH = 8 and 37°C, in which both 0.5Fe/Al-Mont and OH/Al-Mont reached maximum adsorption capacity and 1.5OH/Fe-Mont attained 5 times the capacity of Mont. Adsorption isotherm studies revealed that Freundlich adsorption isotherms best represented the experimental data. The kinetic data for ZEA adsorption revealed that the Mont adsorption capacity for ZEA equilibrates in 1 hour and is best described using the pseudo-second-order rate equation. The XRD analysis indicated that the amplification of Fe-dominant pillared Mont interlayer spacing is the main reason for the observed increases in the adsorption capacity of ZEA, while Al-dominant pillared Mont has a relatively stable Keggin structure; therefore, interlayer spacing is not the primary mechanism for changes in the adsorption capacity of both OH/Al-Mont and Al-dominant pillared Mont. An FT-IR analysis demonstrated that cationic exchange was the dominant mechanism that allowed ZEA and hydroxyl-Al ions to enter the Mont interlayers, while this cationic exchange mechanism was not the dominant mechanism used by hydroxyl-Fe entering the Mont layers.","PeriodicalId":16378,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanotechnology","volume":"88 1","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2020-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85893337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Treatment of brain diseases is always limited by the physiological nature of the highly selective blood-brain barrier (BBB) and the electrostatic charge of the nanoporous extracellular matrix. Nanomedical application provides a promising drug delivery revolution for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs). It depends on improving the pharmacokinetic distribution of drugs through the central nervous system. Nanotechnology offers various forms of nanoparticles, and these nanoparticles have brain-targeted and long-acting properties with minimal systemic adverse effects and motor complications. Gene delivery vehicles and nanocarriers including neurotrophic factors are promising therapeutics for many NDDs, and they can modulate neuronal survival and synaptic connectivity. Neurotrophic factors when integrated with the nanotechnological approaches can pass the BBB merely, representing a significant challenging track. Clinical trials proved that levodopa nanoparticles cause little motor complications which is a considerable drawback in treating Parkinson’s disease with levodopa. Recently, nanotechnology had patented new formulations and achieved various advanced procedures for management, and even prevention, of NDDs. Nanotechnology can be integrated into neuroscience to fight against neurodegenerative diseases. Primary research studies in using nanoparticles to cure Alzheimer disease (AD) are promising but are still in need for more investigations. The present paper aims to review, outline, and summarize various efforts done in the field of using nanoparticles in the management of Alzheimer.
{"title":"Nanoparticle Therapy Is a Promising Approach in the Management and Prevention of Many Diseases: Does It Help in Curing Alzheimer Disease?","authors":"L. Kassem, N. Ibrahim, S. Farhana","doi":"10.1155/2020/8147080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8147080","url":null,"abstract":"Treatment of brain diseases is always limited by the physiological nature of the highly selective blood-brain barrier (BBB) and the electrostatic charge of the nanoporous extracellular matrix. Nanomedical application provides a promising drug delivery revolution for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs). It depends on improving the pharmacokinetic distribution of drugs through the central nervous system. Nanotechnology offers various forms of nanoparticles, and these nanoparticles have brain-targeted and long-acting properties with minimal systemic adverse effects and motor complications. Gene delivery vehicles and nanocarriers including neurotrophic factors are promising therapeutics for many NDDs, and they can modulate neuronal survival and synaptic connectivity. Neurotrophic factors when integrated with the nanotechnological approaches can pass the BBB merely, representing a significant challenging track. Clinical trials proved that levodopa nanoparticles cause little motor complications which is a considerable drawback in treating Parkinson’s disease with levodopa. Recently, nanotechnology had patented new formulations and achieved various advanced procedures for management, and even prevention, of NDDs. Nanotechnology can be integrated into neuroscience to fight against neurodegenerative diseases. Primary research studies in using nanoparticles to cure Alzheimer disease (AD) are promising but are still in need for more investigations. The present paper aims to review, outline, and summarize various efforts done in the field of using nanoparticles in the management of Alzheimer.","PeriodicalId":16378,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanotechnology","volume":"47 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2020-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88325268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Diego Vergara-Duque, Liliana Cifuentes-Yepes, Tatiana Hincapie-Riaño, Felipe Clavijo-Acosta, Graciela Juez-Castillo, Brayan Valencia-Vidal
The study of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) has recently increased due to the different antimicrobial properties that have been evaluated. Studies have shown that AgNPs decrease the cell viability of some parasitic species and inhibit bacterial growth and biofilm formation. Toxoplasma gondii is a parasite with different stages of development including the oocyst, and it can survive in the environment for a long time generating contamination of vegetables and water. This parasite has the ability to generate congenital toxoplasmosis and chorioretinitis in humans. Another human pathogen present in water is Salmonella braenderup, this bacterium, when consumed, causes gastroenteritis and typhoid fever. We evaluate the affectation that causes the AgNPs in oocysts of T. gondii and S. braenderup using fluorescence microscopy and scanning electron microscopy techniques. The results showed that at different ratios of AgNPs and microorganisms, as well as at different exposure time during the treatments, morphological alteration of the cell structure of oocysts of T. gondii and S. braenderup was evidenced, suggesting a potential treatment method for the inhibition of the viability of these microorganisms.
{"title":"Effect of Silver Nanoparticles on the Morphology of Toxoplasma gondii and Salmonella braenderup","authors":"Diego Vergara-Duque, Liliana Cifuentes-Yepes, Tatiana Hincapie-Riaño, Felipe Clavijo-Acosta, Graciela Juez-Castillo, Brayan Valencia-Vidal","doi":"10.1155/2020/9483428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/9483428","url":null,"abstract":"The study of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) has recently increased due to the different antimicrobial properties that have been evaluated. Studies have shown that AgNPs decrease the cell viability of some parasitic species and inhibit bacterial growth and biofilm formation. Toxoplasma gondii is a parasite with different stages of development including the oocyst, and it can survive in the environment for a long time generating contamination of vegetables and water. This parasite has the ability to generate congenital toxoplasmosis and chorioretinitis in humans. Another human pathogen present in water is Salmonella braenderup, this bacterium, when consumed, causes gastroenteritis and typhoid fever. We evaluate the affectation that causes the AgNPs in oocysts of T. gondii and S. braenderup using fluorescence microscopy and scanning electron microscopy techniques. The results showed that at different ratios of AgNPs and microorganisms, as well as at different exposure time during the treatments, morphological alteration of the cell structure of oocysts of T. gondii and S. braenderup was evidenced, suggesting a potential treatment method for the inhibition of the viability of these microorganisms.","PeriodicalId":16378,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanotechnology","volume":"10 1","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2020-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78346860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this investigation, the color removal from synthetic wastewaters containing Acid Blue 29 (AB 29) dye was investigated by ZnF-based nanomaterials (ZnFe2O4) synthesized by the coprecipitation method in a batch system. SEM, FT–IR, and XRD analysis were used for the characterization of the nanoparticles (before and after adsorption), and the analysis results were compared with each other. The parameters such as pH, temperature, dye concentration, and nanoparticle dosage affecting color removal were examined systematically, and favorable color removal conditions were determined by the classical approach. From the experimental results, the favorable conditions with high removal efficiency for the adsorption were determined: removal temperature 35°C and the removal pH 2.0. At these experimental conditions, the adsorbed dye amount per unit mass of adsorbent and the percentage dye removal were determined as 1489.79 mg·g−1 and 98.83%, respectively. In the other part of the research, three different isotherm models (Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin) were used to examine the adsorption equilibrium data. Langmuir and especially Freundlich linear isotherm models provided the highest R2 regression coefficients, successfully. The kinetic data was evaluated by pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic model approach. It was observed that pseudo-second-order kinetic model best represented AB 29-ZnF adsorption kinetic data. The determined thermodynamic parameters such as ΔH, ΔS, and ΔG were proved that the AB 29-ZnF adsorption system was an exothermic (ΔH < 0), spontaneous, thermodynamically favorable (ΔG < 0), and stabilized system without any structural changes in sorbate and sorbents (ΔS<0).
{"title":"Synthesis of Specific ZnF Based Nanoparticles (ZnFe2O4): Antimicrobial Properties, Surface Characteristics, and Adsorption Activity for AB 29 Textile Dye","authors":"Ferda Gönen, Gökhan Tekinerdoğan","doi":"10.1155/2020/3139701","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/3139701","url":null,"abstract":"In this investigation, the color removal from synthetic wastewaters containing Acid Blue 29 (AB 29) dye was investigated by ZnF-based nanomaterials (ZnFe2O4) synthesized by the coprecipitation method in a batch system. SEM, FT–IR, and XRD analysis were used for the characterization of the nanoparticles (before and after adsorption), and the analysis results were compared with each other. The parameters such as pH, temperature, dye concentration, and nanoparticle dosage affecting color removal were examined systematically, and favorable color removal conditions were determined by the classical approach. From the experimental results, the favorable conditions with high removal efficiency for the adsorption were determined: removal temperature 35°C and the removal pH 2.0. At these experimental conditions, the adsorbed dye amount per unit mass of adsorbent and the percentage dye removal were determined as 1489.79 mg·g−1 and 98.83%, respectively. In the other part of the research, three different isotherm models (Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin) were used to examine the adsorption equilibrium data. Langmuir and especially Freundlich linear isotherm models provided the highest R2 regression coefficients, successfully. The kinetic data was evaluated by pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic model approach. It was observed that pseudo-second-order kinetic model best represented AB 29-ZnF adsorption kinetic data. The determined thermodynamic parameters such as ΔH, ΔS, and ΔG were proved that the AB 29-ZnF adsorption system was an exothermic (ΔH < 0), spontaneous, thermodynamically favorable (ΔG < 0), and stabilized system without any structural changes in sorbate and sorbents (ΔS<0).","PeriodicalId":16378,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanotechnology","volume":"92 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2020-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84068443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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