Jianzhong Lin, Mingzhou Yu, M. Seipenbusch, X. Ku, Yu Feng
{"title":"Nanofluidics and Nanofluids","authors":"Jianzhong Lin, Mingzhou Yu, M. Seipenbusch, X. Ku, Yu Feng","doi":"10.1155/2019/8767624","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/8767624","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16378,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2019-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76649846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Highly luminescent carbon dots (C-dots) were synthesized by the one-pot simple hydrothermal method directly from lemon juice using different temperatures, time, aging of precursors, and diluted solvents to control the luminescence of C‐dots. The obtained C-dots were characterized by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometry, dynamic light scattering, ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry, and photoluminescent spectrophotometry. The results show that C‐dots had strong green light emission with quantum yield in the range of 14.86 to 24.89% as a function of hydrothermal temperatures. Furthermore, light emission that is dependent on hydrothermal time, aging of precursor, and diluted solvent was observed. These results suggest that the C‐dots have potential application in optoelectronics and bioimaging.
{"title":"Green Synthesis of Highly Luminescent Carbon Quantum Dots from Lemon Juice","authors":"B. Hoan, P. D. Tam, Vuong-Hung Pham","doi":"10.1155/2019/2852816","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/2852816","url":null,"abstract":"Highly luminescent carbon dots (C-dots) were synthesized by the one-pot simple hydrothermal method directly from lemon juice using different temperatures, time, aging of precursors, and diluted solvents to control the luminescence of C‐dots. The obtained C-dots were characterized by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometry, dynamic light scattering, ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry, and photoluminescent spectrophotometry. The results show that C‐dots had strong green light emission with quantum yield in the range of 14.86 to 24.89% as a function of hydrothermal temperatures. Furthermore, light emission that is dependent on hydrothermal time, aging of precursor, and diluted solvent was observed. These results suggest that the C‐dots have potential application in optoelectronics and bioimaging.","PeriodicalId":16378,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2019-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85477233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Increased antibiotic resistance of microorganisms as well as the need to reduce health-care costs necessitates the production of new antimicrobials at lower costs. For this reason, this study was aimed to optimize the synthesis of magnesium oxide nanoparticles with the greatest antibacterial activity. In this study, 9 experiments containing different proportions of the factors (magnesium nitrate, NaOH, and stirring time) effective in the synthesis of magnesium oxide nanoparticles were designed using the Taguchi method. Magnesium oxide nanoparticles were synthesized using the coprecipitation method, and their antibacterial activity was evaluated using colony-forming unit (CFU) and disk diffusion. Morphology, crystalline structure, and size of synthesized nanoparticles were investigated using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The optimum conditions (0.2 M magnesium nitrate, 2 M NaOH, and 90 min stirring time) for the synthesis of magnesium oxide nanoparticles with the greatest antibacterial activity were determined using the Taguchi method. The results of colony-forming unit and disk diffusion revealed the optimal antibacterial activity of synthesized nanoparticles against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria. The results obtained from FTIR and XRD analyses confirmed the synthesis of nanoparticles with favorable conditions. Also, according to the SEM image, the average size of synthesized nanoparticles was determined to be about 21 nm. According to the results, magnesium oxide nanoparticles can significantly reduce the number of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and can be used as an appropriate alternative to commonly used antibacterial compounds in order to tackle drug resistance among pathogens.
微生物对抗生素耐药性的增加以及降低保健费用的需要要求以较低的成本生产新的抗微生物药物。因此，本研究旨在优化合成具有最大抗菌活性的氧化镁纳米颗粒。本研究采用田口法设计了9个实验，分别采用不同比例的硝酸镁、氢氧化钠和搅拌时间对氧化镁纳米颗粒的合成有影响。采用共沉淀法合成了氧化镁纳米颗粒，并采用菌落形成单元(CFU)和圆盘扩散法对其抗菌活性进行了评价。利用傅里叶变换红外(FTIR)、x射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对合成纳米颗粒的形貌、晶体结构和尺寸进行了研究。采用田口法确定了0.2 M硝酸镁、2 M NaOH、搅拌时间为90 min的氧化镁纳米颗粒的最佳制备条件。集落形成单元和圆盘扩散结果表明，合成的纳米颗粒对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的抗菌活性最佳。红外光谱(FTIR)和x射线衍射(XRD)分析结果证实了纳米颗粒的合成条件良好。此外，根据SEM图像，合成的纳米颗粒的平均尺寸约为21 nm。结果表明，氧化镁纳米颗粒可以显著减少革兰氏阳性和革兰氏阴性细菌的数量，可以作为常用抗菌化合物的合适替代品，以解决病原体的耐药性问题。
{"title":"Optimized Synthesis of Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles as Bactericidal Agents","authors":"M. Imani, M. Safaei","doi":"10.1155/2019/6063832","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/6063832","url":null,"abstract":"Increased antibiotic resistance of microorganisms as well as the need to reduce health-care costs necessitates the production of new antimicrobials at lower costs. For this reason, this study was aimed to optimize the synthesis of magnesium oxide nanoparticles with the greatest antibacterial activity. In this study, 9 experiments containing different proportions of the factors (magnesium nitrate, NaOH, and stirring time) effective in the synthesis of magnesium oxide nanoparticles were designed using the Taguchi method. Magnesium oxide nanoparticles were synthesized using the coprecipitation method, and their antibacterial activity was evaluated using colony-forming unit (CFU) and disk diffusion. Morphology, crystalline structure, and size of synthesized nanoparticles were investigated using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The optimum conditions (0.2 M magnesium nitrate, 2 M NaOH, and 90 min stirring time) for the synthesis of magnesium oxide nanoparticles with the greatest antibacterial activity were determined using the Taguchi method. The results of colony-forming unit and disk diffusion revealed the optimal antibacterial activity of synthesized nanoparticles against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria. The results obtained from FTIR and XRD analyses confirmed the synthesis of nanoparticles with favorable conditions. Also, according to the SEM image, the average size of synthesized nanoparticles was determined to be about 21 nm. According to the results, magnesium oxide nanoparticles can significantly reduce the number of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and can be used as an appropriate alternative to commonly used antibacterial compounds in order to tackle drug resistance among pathogens.","PeriodicalId":16378,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83893978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper proposes paint-type dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs). DSCs, one type of solar cell, generally consist of a dye-attached semiconducting electrode, a metallic electrode, and an electrolyte. The DSC generates power through the excitation of the electrons in the dyes and the oxidation-reduction reaction between the dyes and the electrolyte. For our paint-type DSC, we made two electrodes by painting two types of paint on substrates. We used carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as the paint material because they have both semiconducting and metallic properties. This enabled us to prepare semiconducting and metallic electrodes easily by simply painting with the CNT paint. As a result of testing, we determined that our DSCs were capable of power generation. Our paint-type DSCs have the potential to provide power as a unique and useful device for daily life in the near future.
{"title":"Development of Paint-Type Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell Using Carbon Nanotube Paint","authors":"Y. Matsunaga, T. Oya","doi":"10.1155/2019/5081034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/5081034","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes paint-type dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs). DSCs, one type of solar cell, generally consist of a dye-attached semiconducting electrode, a metallic electrode, and an electrolyte. The DSC generates power through the excitation of the electrons in the dyes and the oxidation-reduction reaction between the dyes and the electrolyte. For our paint-type DSC, we made two electrodes by painting two types of paint on substrates. We used carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as the paint material because they have both semiconducting and metallic properties. This enabled us to prepare semiconducting and metallic electrodes easily by simply painting with the CNT paint. As a result of testing, we determined that our DSCs were capable of power generation. Our paint-type DSCs have the potential to provide power as a unique and useful device for daily life in the near future.","PeriodicalId":16378,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79066090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wide range of applications of nanoparticles causes the need to study their properties, and the influence of the interparticle interaction on the formation of the nanosystem properties is a well-known experimental phenomenon. The aim of this work is to study the influence of interparticle interactions on the properties of nanosystems theoretically. The influence of the interparticle interaction was simulated based on the near-field interaction potential and local field distribution. The local field distribution in the system was calculated using the Green function method and the concept of the effective susceptibility. The results show that interaction between nanoparticles can be neglected if the distance between them is bigger than the critical one. Expressions for evaluation of the efficiency of the interparticle coupling were proposed and compared with the existing experimental results. The results of the simulation are in good agreement with the measured values of the critical interparticle distance. The approach may be useful for simulation of interactions in the system of many nanoparticles and for engineering of nanostructures for different applications.
{"title":"Evaluation of the Efficiency of Interparticle Interactions in Nanosystems","authors":"Hanna Demchenko, N. Rusinchuk","doi":"10.1155/2019/4270454","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/4270454","url":null,"abstract":"Wide range of applications of nanoparticles causes the need to study their properties, and the influence of the interparticle interaction on the formation of the nanosystem properties is a well-known experimental phenomenon. The aim of this work is to study the influence of interparticle interactions on the properties of nanosystems theoretically. The influence of the interparticle interaction was simulated based on the near-field interaction potential and local field distribution. The local field distribution in the system was calculated using the Green function method and the concept of the effective susceptibility. The results show that interaction between nanoparticles can be neglected if the distance between them is bigger than the critical one. Expressions for evaluation of the efficiency of the interparticle coupling were proposed and compared with the existing experimental results. The results of the simulation are in good agreement with the measured values of the critical interparticle distance. The approach may be useful for simulation of interactions in the system of many nanoparticles and for engineering of nanostructures for different applications.","PeriodicalId":16378,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83763570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper, a comparative analysis of nanoscaled triple metal gate (TMG) recessed-source/drain (Re-S/D) fully depleted silicon-on-insulator (FD SOI) MOSFET has been presented for the design of the pseudo-NMOS inverter in the nanometer regime. For this, firstly, an analytical modeling of threshold voltage has been proposed in order to investigate the short channel immunity of the studied device and also verified against simulation results. In this structure, the novel concept of backchannel inversion has been utilized for the study of device performance. The threshold voltage has been analyzed by varying the parameters of the device like the ratio of metal gate length and the recessed-source/drain thickness for TMG Re-S/D SOI MOSFET. Drain-induced barrier lowering (DIBL) has also been explored in terms of recessed-source/drain thickness and the metal gate length ratio to examine short channel effects (SCEs). For the exact estimation of results, the comparison of the existing multimetal gate structures with TMG Re-S/D SOI MOSFET has also been taken under study in terms of electrostatic performance, i.e., threshold voltage, subthreshold slope, and on-off current ratio. These structures are investigated with the TCAD numerical simulator from Silvaco ATLAS. Furthermore, for the first time, TMG Re-S/D FD SOI MOSFET-based pseudo-NMOS inverter has been designed to observe the device performance at circuit levels. It has been found that the device offers high noise immunity with optimum switching characteristics, and the propagation delay of the studied circuit is recorded as 0.43 ps.
本文对纳米三金属栅极(TMG)深源漏极(Re-S/D)全耗尽绝缘体上硅(fd_soi) MOSFET进行了对比分析，用于纳米条件下伪nmos逆变器的设计。为此，首先提出了阈值电压的解析建模，以研究所研究器件的短通道抗扰度，并与仿真结果进行了验证。在这种结构中，反向通道反转的新概念被用于器件性能的研究。通过改变TMG Re-S/D SOI MOSFET的金属栅长比和凹源漏极厚度等器件参数，分析了阈值电压。漏源/漏极厚度和金属栅极长度比也被用于研究短通道效应(SCEs)。为了准确估计结果，还研究了现有多金属栅极结构与TMG Re-S/D SOI MOSFET在静电性能方面的比较，即阈值电压、亚阈值斜率和通断电流比。利用Silvaco ATLAS的TCAD数值模拟器对这些结构进行了研究。此外，首次设计了基于TMG Re-S/D FD SOI mosfet的伪nmos逆变器，在电路级观察器件性能。实验结果表明，该器件具有良好的抗噪性和最佳的开关特性，其传输延迟记录为0.43 ps。
{"title":"Design and Analysis of Nanoscaled Recessed-S/D SOI MOSFET-Based Pseudo-NMOS Inverter for Low-Power Electronics","authors":"A. Priya, Nilesh Anand Srivastava, R. Mishra","doi":"10.1155/2019/4935073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/4935073","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a comparative analysis of nanoscaled triple metal gate (TMG) recessed-source/drain (Re-S/D) fully depleted silicon-on-insulator (FD SOI) MOSFET has been presented for the design of the pseudo-NMOS inverter in the nanometer regime. For this, firstly, an analytical modeling of threshold voltage has been proposed in order to investigate the short channel immunity of the studied device and also verified against simulation results. In this structure, the novel concept of backchannel inversion has been utilized for the study of device performance. The threshold voltage has been analyzed by varying the parameters of the device like the ratio of metal gate length and the recessed-source/drain thickness for TMG Re-S/D SOI MOSFET. Drain-induced barrier lowering (DIBL) has also been explored in terms of recessed-source/drain thickness and the metal gate length ratio to examine short channel effects (SCEs). For the exact estimation of results, the comparison of the existing multimetal gate structures with TMG Re-S/D SOI MOSFET has also been taken under study in terms of electrostatic performance, i.e., threshold voltage, subthreshold slope, and on-off current ratio. These structures are investigated with the TCAD numerical simulator from Silvaco ATLAS. Furthermore, for the first time, TMG Re-S/D FD SOI MOSFET-based pseudo-NMOS inverter has been designed to observe the device performance at circuit levels. It has been found that the device offers high noise immunity with optimum switching characteristics, and the propagation delay of the studied circuit is recorded as 0.43 ps.","PeriodicalId":16378,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2019-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80646611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Kholodnaya, R. Sazonov, D. Ponomarev, I. Zhirkov
This paper presents a study on pulsed plasma-chemical synthesis of fluorine- and gold-doped silicon oxide nanopowder. The gold- and fluorine-containing precursors were gold chloride (AuCl3) and sulphur hexafluoride (SF6). Pulsed plasma-chemical synthesis is realized on the laboratory stand, including a plasma-chemical reactor and TEA-500 electron accelerator. The parameters of the electron beam are as follows: 400–450 keV electron energy, 60 ns half-amplitude pulse duration, up to 200 J pulse energy, and 5 cm beam diameter. We confirmed the composite structure of SixOy@Au by using transmission electron microscopy and energy-dispersive spectroscopy. We determined the chemical composition and morphology of synthesized SixOy@Au and SixOy@F nanocomposites. The material contained a SixOy@Au carrier with an average size of 50–150 nm and a shell of fine particles with an average size of 5–10 nm.
{"title":"Obtaining Silicon Oxide Nanoparticles Doped with Fluorine and Gold Particles by the Pulsed Plasma-Chemical Method","authors":"G. Kholodnaya, R. Sazonov, D. Ponomarev, I. Zhirkov","doi":"10.1155/2019/7062687","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/7062687","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a study on pulsed plasma-chemical synthesis of fluorine- and gold-doped silicon oxide nanopowder. The gold- and fluorine-containing precursors were gold chloride (AuCl3) and sulphur hexafluoride (SF6). Pulsed plasma-chemical synthesis is realized on the laboratory stand, including a plasma-chemical reactor and TEA-500 electron accelerator. The parameters of the electron beam are as follows: 400–450 keV electron energy, 60 ns half-amplitude pulse duration, up to 200 J pulse energy, and 5 cm beam diameter. We confirmed the composite structure of SixOy@Au by using transmission electron microscopy and energy-dispersive spectroscopy. We determined the chemical composition and morphology of synthesized SixOy@Au and SixOy@F nanocomposites. The material contained a SixOy@Au carrier with an average size of 50–150 nm and a shell of fine particles with an average size of 5–10 nm.","PeriodicalId":16378,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2019-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90777418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Journal of Nanotechnology has retracted the article titled “Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Polyalthia longifolia Leaf Extract along with D-Sorbitol: Study of Antibacterial Activity” [1]. As raised on PubPeer, the article was found to contain images with signs of duplication and manipulation in Figures 3 and 4.#e background of Figure 3 shows repeating features. In Figure 4, (b) in the top row is identical to (a) in the bottom row. Additionally, (b) and (c) in the bottom row of Figure 4 are identical to (c) and (b) in Figure 7 in another article by the same group of authors [2].
《纳米技术杂志》(Journal of Nanotechnology)撤回了题为《利用长叶蓼叶提取物和d -山梨醇绿色合成纳米银:抗菌活性研究》的文章[1]。在PubPeer网站上发现，这篇文章包含了图3和图4中有复制和篡改迹象的图片。图3的背景显示了重复的特征。在图4中，顶部行的(b)与底部行的(a)相同。此外，图4底部一行的(b)和(c)与同一组作者的另一篇文章[2]中图7中的(c)和(b)相同。
{"title":"Retracted: Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Polyalthia longifolia Leaf Extract along with D-Sorbitol: Study of Antibacterial Activity","authors":"","doi":"10.1155/2019/1613475","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/1613475","url":null,"abstract":"Journal of Nanotechnology has retracted the article titled “Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Polyalthia longifolia Leaf Extract along with D-Sorbitol: Study of Antibacterial Activity” [1]. As raised on PubPeer, the article was found to contain images with signs of duplication and manipulation in Figures 3 and 4.#e background of Figure 3 shows repeating features. In Figure 4, (b) in the top row is identical to (a) in the bottom row. Additionally, (b) and (c) in the bottom row of Figure 4 are identical to (c) and (b) in Figure 7 in another article by the same group of authors [2].","PeriodicalId":16378,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2019-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79534621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Juan Shong Khaw, M. Curioni, P. Skeldon, C. Bowen, S. Cartmell
The prospective use of nanotechnology for medical devices is increasing. While the impact of material surface nanopatterning on the biological response is convincing, creating a large surface area with such nanotechnology remains an unmet challenge. In this paper, we describe, for the first time, a reproducible scale-up manufacturing technique for creating controlled nanotubes on the surfaces of Ti and Ti alloys. We describe an average of approximately 7.5-fold increase in cost and time efficiency with regards to the generation of 20, 50, and 100 nm diameter nanotubes using an anodisation technique. These novel materials have great potential in the medical field through their influence on cellular activity, in particular, protein absorption, focal adhesion, and osteoinduction. In this paper, we provide a step-by-step guide to optimise an anodisation system, starting with design rationale, proof of concept, device upscaling, consistency, and reproducibility check, followed by cost and efficiency analysis. We show that the optimised device can produce a high number of anodised specimens with customisable specimen shape at reduced cost and time, without compromising the repeatability and consistency. The device can fabricate highly uniform and vertically oriented TiO2 nanotube layer with desired pore diameters.
{"title":"A Novel Methodology for Economical Scale-Up of TiO2 Nanotubes Fabricated on Ti and Ti Alloys","authors":"Juan Shong Khaw, M. Curioni, P. Skeldon, C. Bowen, S. Cartmell","doi":"10.1155/2019/5902346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/5902346","url":null,"abstract":"The prospective use of nanotechnology for medical devices is increasing. While the impact of material surface nanopatterning on the biological response is convincing, creating a large surface area with such nanotechnology remains an unmet challenge. In this paper, we describe, for the first time, a reproducible scale-up manufacturing technique for creating controlled nanotubes on the surfaces of Ti and Ti alloys. We describe an average of approximately 7.5-fold increase in cost and time efficiency with regards to the generation of 20, 50, and 100 nm diameter nanotubes using an anodisation technique. These novel materials have great potential in the medical field through their influence on cellular activity, in particular, protein absorption, focal adhesion, and osteoinduction. In this paper, we provide a step-by-step guide to optimise an anodisation system, starting with design rationale, proof of concept, device upscaling, consistency, and reproducibility check, followed by cost and efficiency analysis. We show that the optimised device can produce a high number of anodised specimens with customisable specimen shape at reduced cost and time, without compromising the repeatability and consistency. The device can fabricate highly uniform and vertically oriented TiO2 nanotube layer with desired pore diameters.","PeriodicalId":16378,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2019-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75209155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The authors recently proposed a novel system for thermoablation—based on nanoheating—that can potentially overcome limitations associated with previously reported techniques. The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic performance of the system in the ablation of hepatic tissue, the most frequently ablated. A model nanocomposite system, maghemite nanoparticle-filled polydimethylsiloxane, was prepared, and its magnetic properties were studied as a function of nanoparticle concentration. On the basis of measured magnetic properties, a 3D finite element method (FEM) model was used to explore the development of temperature and thermal damage in nonperfused and fully perfused tissue using alternating magnetic field (AMF) parameters that are acceptable for human use. The FEM model was tested for its validity using an analytical model. The saturation magnetization increased to about 9% of the value of pure maghemite nanoparticles over the range of volume fraction (vol. %) between 1 and 5%. Lesion sizes were shown to be greatly affected by tissue perfusion and time. FEM predictions showed good agreement with results obtained with an analytical model to within 7%. Probes fabricated with magnetic nanocomposite can potentially be used to achieve reasonable lesion sizes in hepatic tissues using human-safe AMF parameters.
{"title":"Ablation of Hepatic Tumors through the Use of a Novel Magnetic Nanocomposite Probe: Magnetic Characterization and Finite Element Method Analysis","authors":"Yvonne Konku, J. Kutor, A. Yaya, K. Kan-Dapaah","doi":"10.1155/2019/6802125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/6802125","url":null,"abstract":"The authors recently proposed a novel system for thermoablation—based on nanoheating—that can potentially overcome limitations associated with previously reported techniques. The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic performance of the system in the ablation of hepatic tissue, the most frequently ablated. A model nanocomposite system, maghemite nanoparticle-filled polydimethylsiloxane, was prepared, and its magnetic properties were studied as a function of nanoparticle concentration. On the basis of measured magnetic properties, a 3D finite element method (FEM) model was used to explore the development of temperature and thermal damage in nonperfused and fully perfused tissue using alternating magnetic field (AMF) parameters that are acceptable for human use. The FEM model was tested for its validity using an analytical model. The saturation magnetization increased to about 9% of the value of pure maghemite nanoparticles over the range of volume fraction (vol. %) between 1 and 5%. Lesion sizes were shown to be greatly affected by tissue perfusion and time. FEM predictions showed good agreement with results obtained with an analytical model to within 7%. Probes fabricated with magnetic nanocomposite can potentially be used to achieve reasonable lesion sizes in hepatic tissues using human-safe AMF parameters.","PeriodicalId":16378,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nanotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2019-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86317149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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