Pub Date : 2018-06-26DOI: 10.4172/2155-9562-C3-066
P. Quigley
{"title":"Redesigning fall and fall injury prevention strategies for stroke patients","authors":"P. Quigley","doi":"10.4172/2155-9562-C3-066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9562-C3-066","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16455,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurology and Neurophysiology","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81723388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-05-31DOI: 10.4172/2155-9562.1000464
M. Kawabori, K. Kurisu, Y. Niiya, Y. Ohta, S. Mabuchi, K. Houkin
A rare case of Mollaret meningitis characterized by four recurrent episodes of aseptic meningitis during the 3-year periods were reported. The patient showed high fever and severe headache accompanied by high level of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytokines such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alfa (TNF-a). The symptoms and high CSF cytokines were dramatically resolved immediately after inducing indomethacin treatment. Reactivation of the latent virus is considered to be the cause of this rare disease and indomethacin is estimated to inhibit periodic abnormal generation of eicosanoid in the brain resulting in reducing fever and subsequent inflammation.
{"title":"Mollaret Meningitis with High Level of Cytokines in CSF Successfully Treated by Indomethacin","authors":"M. Kawabori, K. Kurisu, Y. Niiya, Y. Ohta, S. Mabuchi, K. Houkin","doi":"10.4172/2155-9562.1000464","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9562.1000464","url":null,"abstract":"A rare case of Mollaret meningitis characterized by four recurrent episodes of aseptic meningitis during the 3-year periods were reported. The patient showed high fever and severe headache accompanied by high level of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytokines such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alfa (TNF-a). The symptoms and high CSF cytokines were dramatically resolved immediately after inducing indomethacin treatment. Reactivation of the latent virus is considered to be the cause of this rare disease and indomethacin is estimated to inhibit periodic abnormal generation of eicosanoid in the brain resulting in reducing fever and subsequent inflammation.","PeriodicalId":16455,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurology and Neurophysiology","volume":"23 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83237956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-05-02DOI: 10.4172/2155-9562-C2-064
Min‐Cheol Lee
{"title":"Mapping somatotopic of motor fibers and modeling internal capsular stroke","authors":"Min‐Cheol Lee","doi":"10.4172/2155-9562-C2-064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9562-C2-064","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16455,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurology and Neurophysiology","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76088135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-05-02DOI: 10.4172/2155-9562-C2-063
Yingxu Wang
{"title":"Latest advances on theory of spike frequency modulation in neuroinformatics","authors":"Yingxu Wang","doi":"10.4172/2155-9562-C2-063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9562-C2-063","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16455,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurology and Neurophysiology","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84097627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-03-11DOI: 10.4172/2155-9562.1000460
D. Menon, H. Abhilash, V. Vivek
Subacute combined degeneration (SCD) refers to the gradually progressive myelopathic or myeloneuropathic presentation of vitamin B12 deficiency. While polyneuropathy has been well recognised with vitamin B12 deficiency, it has been debated whether neuropathy can manifest in isolation without myelopathy. SCD would seldom pose as a clinical or electrophysiological mimicker of Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS). We describe the case of a middle age gentleman who presented with two weeks of rapidly progressive sensory predominant neuropathic syndrome with conduction findings consistent with a demyelinating process. In view of certain clinical-electrical discrepancies patient was further imaged with MRI revealing features classical of SCD with nearly undetectable Vitamin B12 levels. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy as part of evaluation revealed a polyp in body of stomach with histopathological diagnosis of WHO II neurogastroendocrine tumour (carcinoid tumour) along with chronic atrophic gastritis. As far as to our knowledge, the association between gastric carcinoid and SCD have not been reported. We also discuss the relevant clinical points of this GBS-like presentation of SCD and possible pathomechanisms of the association with carcinoid. With parenteral Vitamin B12 supplementation patient had near complete resolution of symptoms and improvement in conduction parameters on follow-up.
{"title":"Guillain Barre Syndrome-like Presentation of Subacute Combined Degeneration of Spinal Cord and Association with Neuroendocrine Tumour of GIT","authors":"D. Menon, H. Abhilash, V. Vivek","doi":"10.4172/2155-9562.1000460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9562.1000460","url":null,"abstract":"Subacute combined degeneration (SCD) refers to the gradually progressive myelopathic or myeloneuropathic presentation of vitamin B12 deficiency. While polyneuropathy has been well recognised with vitamin B12 deficiency, it has been debated whether neuropathy can manifest in isolation without myelopathy. SCD would seldom pose as a clinical or electrophysiological mimicker of Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS). We describe the case of a middle age gentleman who presented with two weeks of rapidly progressive sensory predominant neuropathic syndrome with conduction findings consistent with a demyelinating process. In view of certain clinical-electrical discrepancies patient was further imaged with MRI revealing features classical of SCD with nearly undetectable Vitamin B12 levels. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy as part of evaluation revealed a polyp in body of stomach with histopathological diagnosis of WHO II neurogastroendocrine tumour (carcinoid tumour) along with chronic atrophic gastritis. As far as to our knowledge, the association between gastric carcinoid and SCD have not been reported. We also discuss the relevant clinical points of this GBS-like presentation of SCD and possible pathomechanisms of the association with carcinoid. With parenteral Vitamin B12 supplementation patient had near complete resolution of symptoms and improvement in conduction parameters on follow-up.","PeriodicalId":16455,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurology and Neurophysiology","volume":"322 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78481913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-02-10DOI: 10.4172/2155-9562.1000458
A. Semyachkina, E. Voskoboeva, Maria Yablonskya, E. Nikolaeva
The aim of this article is to analyze clinical features and molecular and genetic data of the Russian cohort of homocystinuria patients. We present the results of the 45 year clinical observation of 27 Russian homocystinuria patients. The clinical phenotype is a combination of Marfanoid habitus with skeletal deformities, disturbances of the central nervous and cardiovascular systems and ocular pathology. We made a mutation analysis of the cystathionine beta-synthase deficiency (CBS) gene for thirteen patients from eleven unrelated genealogies. All patients except for the two were compound heterozygotes for the mutations detected. The most frequent mutation in the cohort investigated was splice mutation IVS11-2a->c. We detected one new nonsense mutation, one new missense mutation and three novel small deletions.
{"title":"Clinical and Molecular Characteristics of Russian Patients with Homocystinuria due to Cystathionine Beta-Synthase Deficiency","authors":"A. Semyachkina, E. Voskoboeva, Maria Yablonskya, E. Nikolaeva","doi":"10.4172/2155-9562.1000458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9562.1000458","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this article is to analyze clinical features and molecular and genetic data of the Russian cohort of homocystinuria patients. We present the results of the 45 year clinical observation of 27 Russian homocystinuria patients. The clinical phenotype is a combination of Marfanoid habitus with skeletal deformities, disturbances of the central nervous and cardiovascular systems and ocular pathology. We made a mutation analysis of the cystathionine beta-synthase deficiency (CBS) gene for thirteen patients from eleven unrelated genealogies. All patients except for the two were compound heterozygotes for the mutations detected. The most frequent mutation in the cohort investigated was splice mutation IVS11-2a->c. We detected one new nonsense mutation, one new missense mutation and three novel small deletions.","PeriodicalId":16455,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurology and Neurophysiology","volume":"4 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81683122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-31DOI: 10.4172/2155-9562.1000457
M. Razzaghi
Objective: To analyze the rotational acceleration of the brain in direct head influence and find the areas of brain most vulnerable to concussion.Method: First, the modes of head and brain acceleration are analyzed. Then, formulas are derived to find the values and effects of rotational accelerations and forces acting on the brain. Comparison is made between modes of rotational acceleration.Results: With a direct impact, the head will mainly undergo rotational acceleration in the form of spin and whiplash. Under equal impact moment, spin radial and tangential accelerations are about 3.5 times those of whiplash. Maximum spin radial force is about 3 times that of whiplash. Maximum whiplash tangential force is about 1.14 times that of spin. Model results are conservative relative to realistic brain shape and proportions.Conclusion: Rotational acceleration is responsible for local trauma around the middle and base of the brain. In other words, concussion symptoms related to brain function in these areas can be attributed to rotational effects of head impact. Brain is more vulnerable to spin mode compared to whiplash. The highest radial and tangential force and damage occur in the middle of the brain in head spin, and the base of the brain in whiplash.
{"title":"Rotation of Brain in Head Impact and It's Relation to Concussion","authors":"M. Razzaghi","doi":"10.4172/2155-9562.1000457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9562.1000457","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To analyze the rotational acceleration of the brain in direct head influence and find the areas of brain most vulnerable to concussion.Method: First, the modes of head and brain acceleration are analyzed. Then, formulas are derived to find the values and effects of rotational accelerations and forces acting on the brain. Comparison is made between modes of rotational acceleration.Results: With a direct impact, the head will mainly undergo rotational acceleration in the form of spin and whiplash. Under equal impact moment, spin radial and tangential accelerations are about 3.5 times those of whiplash. Maximum spin radial force is about 3 times that of whiplash. Maximum whiplash tangential force is about 1.14 times that of spin. Model results are conservative relative to realistic brain shape and proportions.Conclusion: Rotational acceleration is responsible for local trauma around the middle and base of the brain. In other words, concussion symptoms related to brain function in these areas can be attributed to rotational effects of head impact. Brain is more vulnerable to spin mode compared to whiplash. The highest radial and tangential force and damage occur in the middle of the brain in head spin, and the base of the brain in whiplash.","PeriodicalId":16455,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurology and Neurophysiology","volume":"14 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88810059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-28DOI: 10.4172/2155-9562.1000456
M. Mehrpour, F. Taherian, Paria Arfa-fatollahkhani, A. Moghadasi, H. Keivani, M. Bahadori, S. Mokhtar
Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is considered as an inflammatory demyelinating disease with a 3-fold risk in females of childbearing age that imposes deleterious pregnancy-related concerns for patients. We aimed to clarify the correlation of anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) level with clinical and gynecological characteristics of relapsingremitting MS (RRMS) patients. Methods: Fifty consecutive RRMS female patients and 50 age-matched healthy controls from among the hospital staff were enrolled in the study. The serum AMH levels of all subjects were evaluated by ELISA. T-tests and Mann-Whitney tests were used for the quantitative variables. Pearson’s chi-squared test and Isher’s exact test were used for qualifying variables. Regression analysis was performed for AMH values. Results: The mean ± SD AMH level for the case group was 3.12 ± 3.6 and in for the control group was 3.65 ± 2.06. Regression analysis detected a significant difference in AMH values between the case and control groups (p=0.034). There was no significant influence for disease activity and therapy on AMH level in the patients. Age was the only demographic factor that predicted the AMH values in both groups (p=0.001). Conclusion: The results showed that the advanced age is a potential predictor of serum AMH levels in both MS patients and the healthy individuals. Importantly, serum AMH values were significantly lower in MS patients; however, this finding does not necessarily have an effect on fertility.
{"title":"Serum Anti-M ü llerian Hormone Levels in Multiple Sclerosis: A Case-Control Study","authors":"M. Mehrpour, F. Taherian, Paria Arfa-fatollahkhani, A. Moghadasi, H. Keivani, M. Bahadori, S. Mokhtar","doi":"10.4172/2155-9562.1000456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9562.1000456","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is considered as an inflammatory demyelinating disease with a 3-fold risk in females of childbearing age that imposes deleterious pregnancy-related concerns for patients. We aimed to clarify the correlation of anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) level with clinical and gynecological characteristics of relapsingremitting MS (RRMS) patients. \u0000Methods: Fifty consecutive RRMS female patients and 50 age-matched healthy controls from among the hospital staff were enrolled in the study. The serum AMH levels of all subjects were evaluated by ELISA. T-tests and Mann-Whitney tests were used for the quantitative variables. Pearson’s chi-squared test and Isher’s exact test were used for qualifying variables. Regression analysis was performed for AMH values. \u0000Results: The mean ± SD AMH level for the case group was 3.12 ± 3.6 and in for the control group was 3.65 ± 2.06. Regression analysis detected a significant difference in AMH values between the case and control groups (p=0.034). There was no significant influence for disease activity and therapy on AMH level in the patients. Age was the only demographic factor that predicted the AMH values in both groups (p=0.001). \u0000Conclusion: The results showed that the advanced age is a potential predictor of serum AMH levels in both MS patients and the healthy individuals. Importantly, serum AMH values were significantly lower in MS patients; however, this finding does not necessarily have an effect on fertility.","PeriodicalId":16455,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurology and Neurophysiology","volume":"78 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88568718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2155-9562.1000E120
R. Perna
{"title":"Perspectives on Recovery from Coma and Low Arousal","authors":"R. Perna","doi":"10.4172/2155-9562.1000E120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9562.1000E120","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16455,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurology and Neurophysiology","volume":"10 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84227229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2155-9562.1000477
O. Marco, C. D. Marco, S. Mauro
The co-morbidity between migraine and bipolar disorders is well documented in numerous clinical and epidemiological studies, but the aetiologies are currently unknown. Many Authors have suggested some pathophysiological mechanisms in common. This co-morbidity, moreover, influences the outcome of both disorders. The aim of our work is to describe two case report, whose clinical history appears suggestive of the population subgroup with BD in comorbidity with migraine supposed in literature.
{"title":"Migraine and Bipolar Disorder","authors":"O. Marco, C. D. Marco, S. Mauro","doi":"10.4172/2155-9562.1000477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-9562.1000477","url":null,"abstract":"The co-morbidity between migraine and bipolar disorders is well documented in numerous clinical and epidemiological studies, but the aetiologies are currently unknown. Many Authors have suggested some pathophysiological mechanisms in common. This co-morbidity, moreover, influences the outcome of both disorders. The aim of our work is to describe two case report, whose clinical history appears suggestive of the population subgroup with BD in comorbidity with migraine supposed in literature.","PeriodicalId":16455,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Neurology and Neurophysiology","volume":"42 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86611080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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