Pub Date : 2024-06-04DOI: 10.55713/jmmm.v34i2.1969
Watcharaporn Thongjoon, K. Aiempanakit, Montri Aiempanakit, Chantana Aiempanakit
WO3 films were prepared from annealed W films by anodization and annealing at 450℃ for 1 h. The sputtered W films were annealed before anodization at different times for 0.5 h to 2 h, followed by immediate removal from the furnace (quenching) or slow cooling (cool-down). The WO3 films exhibited a different preferred orientation between the (200) and (222) planes. The morphological structure of the WO3 films depended on the annealing time and cooling features of the W films. The WO3 films for the cool-down condition had smaller grains and more pores than the quenching condition. The WO3 films prepared from annealed W for 1.5 h with cool-down showed maximum transmittance change of 48.20% with the diffusion coefficient of 3.533 x 10-7 cm2∙s‒1. The quenching condition can be improved durability of WO3 films. Therefore, annealing time and cooling conditions can be used to design film properties that are suitable for the electrochromic application.
溅射的 W 薄膜在阳极化之前经过 0.5 至 2 小时不同时间的退火，然后立即从炉中取出（淬火）或缓慢冷却（降温）。WO3 薄膜在 (200) 和 (222) 平面之间表现出不同的优先取向。WO3 薄膜的形态结构取决于退火时间和 W 薄膜的冷却特征。与淬火条件相比，冷却条件下的 WO3 薄膜具有更小的晶粒和更多的孔隙。由退火 1.5 小时并冷却的 W 制备的 WO3 薄膜显示出 48.20% 的最大透射率变化，扩散系数为 3.533 x 10-7 cm2∙s-1。淬火条件可以提高 WO3 薄膜的耐久性。因此，退火时间和冷却条件可用于设计适合电致变色应用的薄膜特性。
{"title":"Influence of annealing times for W films on the structure and electrochromic properties of anodized WO(_{3}) films","authors":"Watcharaporn Thongjoon, K. Aiempanakit, Montri Aiempanakit, Chantana Aiempanakit","doi":"10.55713/jmmm.v34i2.1969","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55713/jmmm.v34i2.1969","url":null,"abstract":"WO3 films were prepared from annealed W films by anodization and annealing at 450℃ for 1 h. The sputtered W films were annealed before anodization at different times for 0.5 h to 2 h, followed by immediate removal from the furnace (quenching) or slow cooling (cool-down). The WO3 films exhibited a different preferred orientation between the (200) and (222) planes. The morphological structure of the WO3 films depended on the annealing time and cooling features of the W films. The WO3 films for the cool-down condition had smaller grains and more pores than the quenching condition. The WO3 films prepared from annealed W for 1.5 h with cool-down showed maximum transmittance change of 48.20% with the diffusion coefficient of 3.533 x 10-7 cm2∙s‒1. The quenching condition can be improved durability of WO3 films. Therefore, annealing time and cooling conditions can be used to design film properties that are suitable for the electrochromic application.","PeriodicalId":16459,"journal":{"name":"Journal of metals, materials and minerals","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141266178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-04DOI: 10.55713/jmmm.v34i2.1966
Siriwan Chokkha, J. Ayawanna, A. Poowancum, Thanasak Singlaem, P. Mitsomwang
Porous geopolymers (PG) are attractive due to their simple fabrication and diverse applications. This work presents a method for fabricating PG by using aluminum salt slag (ASS) as a foaming agent and metakaolin (MK) as the precursor. Sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) are used as alkali activator solutions. The results show that the PG is fabricated by using the sequence mixing method. ASS was milled to a size of 4 µm, then mixed with an NaOH solution for 30 min. After that, MK and Na2SiO3 solution were added. The weight ratio of Na2SiO3/NaOH and solid/liquid was 2.0 and 0.6, respectively. The 7-day cured PG with 5 wt% ASS achieves a strength of 15 MPa, which is close to the minimum requirement of Portland cement of 19 MPa. PG strength decreases, while setting time and pore size increase with increasing ASS content. The knowledge of this work enables the utilization of ASS as a valuable geopolymer foaming agent.
多孔土工聚合物（PG）因其制造简单、应用广泛而极具吸引力。本研究提出了一种使用铝盐渣（ASS）作为发泡剂和偏高岭土（MK）作为前驱体来制造多孔土工聚合物的方法。硅酸钠（Na2SiO3）和氢氧化钠（NaOH）用作碱活化剂溶液。结果表明，PG 是通过顺序混合法制造的。先将 ASS 研磨至 4 µm，然后与 NaOH 溶液混合 30 分钟。然后加入 MK 和 Na2SiO3 溶液。Na2SiO3/NaOH 和固体/液体的重量比分别为 2.0 和 0.6。7 天固化的含 5 wt% ASS 的 PG 强度达到 15 兆帕，接近波特兰水泥 19 兆帕的最低要求。随着 ASS 含量的增加，PG 强度降低，而凝结时间和孔径增加。这项工作的研究成果有助于将 ASS 用作一种有价值的土工聚合物发泡剂。
{"title":"Fabrication of porous geopolymers utilizing aluminum wastes as foaming agent","authors":"Siriwan Chokkha, J. Ayawanna, A. Poowancum, Thanasak Singlaem, P. Mitsomwang","doi":"10.55713/jmmm.v34i2.1966","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55713/jmmm.v34i2.1966","url":null,"abstract":"Porous geopolymers (PG) are attractive due to their simple fabrication and diverse applications. This work presents a method for fabricating PG by using aluminum salt slag (ASS) as a foaming agent and metakaolin (MK) as the precursor. Sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) are used as alkali activator solutions. The results show that the PG is fabricated by using the sequence mixing method. ASS was milled to a size of 4 µm, then mixed with an NaOH solution for 30 min. After that, MK and Na2SiO3 solution were added. The weight ratio of Na2SiO3/NaOH and solid/liquid was 2.0 and 0.6, respectively. The 7-day cured PG with 5 wt% ASS achieves a strength of 15 MPa, which is close to the minimum requirement of Portland cement of 19 MPa. PG strength decreases, while setting time and pore size increase with increasing ASS content. The knowledge of this work enables the utilization of ASS as a valuable geopolymer foaming agent.","PeriodicalId":16459,"journal":{"name":"Journal of metals, materials and minerals","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141266623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-04DOI: 10.55713/jmmm.v34i2.2009
Zhuo Li, Tamene Tadesse Beyene, Kai ZHU, D. Cao
Zn metal batteries and capacitors (ZMBs/ZMCs) are gaining significant attention due to their low cost, high safety, and high theoretical capacity. However, the low utilization of Zn metal decreases the coulombic efficiency. Here, we present a novel approach to enhance the conductivity of host materials by utilizing a 3D conductive structural network of copper mesh. The 3D copper mesh serves as a high-conductive matrix and additionally coating it with Zn serves as a Zn source. Finally, a flexible reduced graphene oxide (rGO) was deposited on the Zn-coated copper mesh as an anode protective layer. The conductive copper mesh renders a fast plating/stripping of Zn and enables more contact of Zn with the electrolyte. The flexible rGO film deposited on Zn-coated copper mesh alleviates the local charge accumulation and inhibits corrosion. As a result, the Zn-coated copper mesh anode modified with rGO (RCZ) exhibited a longer lifespan of 200 h than the Zn-coated planar copper foil anode which cycled only for 30 h. The RCZ||AC full capacitor obtained high capacity retention of 97.9% after 9000 times cycling. The RCZ anode integrates the merits of 3D structure matrix and rGO realizing a dual-functionalized Zn metal anode. The conductive matrix strategy sheds light on other metal batteries.
{"title":"Realizing fast plating/stripping of high-performance Zn metal anode with a low Zn loading","authors":"Zhuo Li, Tamene Tadesse Beyene, Kai ZHU, D. Cao","doi":"10.55713/jmmm.v34i2.2009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55713/jmmm.v34i2.2009","url":null,"abstract":"Zn metal batteries and capacitors (ZMBs/ZMCs) are gaining significant attention due to their low cost, high safety, and high theoretical capacity. However, the low utilization of Zn metal decreases the coulombic efficiency. Here, we present a novel approach to enhance the conductivity of host materials by utilizing a 3D conductive structural network of copper mesh. The 3D copper mesh serves as a high-conductive matrix and additionally coating it with Zn serves as a Zn source. Finally, a flexible reduced graphene oxide (rGO) was deposited on the Zn-coated copper mesh as an anode protective layer. The conductive copper mesh renders a fast plating/stripping of Zn and enables more contact of Zn with the electrolyte. The flexible rGO film deposited on Zn-coated copper mesh alleviates the local charge accumulation and inhibits corrosion. As a result, the Zn-coated copper mesh anode modified with rGO (RCZ) exhibited a longer lifespan of 200 h than the Zn-coated planar copper foil anode which cycled only for 30 h. The RCZ||AC full capacitor obtained high capacity retention of 97.9% after 9000 times cycling. The RCZ anode integrates the merits of 3D structure matrix and rGO realizing a dual-functionalized Zn metal anode. The conductive matrix strategy sheds light on other metal batteries.","PeriodicalId":16459,"journal":{"name":"Journal of metals, materials and minerals","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141265879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-04DOI: 10.55713/jmmm.v34i2.1825
A. Pramono, Satrio Herbirowo, A. Imaduddin, Iwan Dwi Antoro, H. Nugraha, Hendrik, Anung Syampurwadi, Ines Hayatun Nufus, Nihayatul Umna, Silvia Farah Diba, Fina Fitratun Amaliyah
The complex behavior of LaH2 during ball milling was investigated in this study, with its mechanical, chemical, and morphological changes explored. The relationship between milling time and hydrogen pressure reduction was uncovered through detailed experiments, reflecting the dynamic nature of the process. A transient yet significant event was observed upon unsealing the milling jar post-milling: the emergence of a minor fire ember, indicative of the interplay between mechanical forces and chemical reactivity within the LaH2 powder. Profound changes in the structure, composition, and shape were unraveled using advanced techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDX), and particle size distribution analysis. The resulting powder exhibited a dual-phase composition of lanthanum dihydride (LaH2, 68.1% to 71.5%) and lanthanum oxide (La2O3, 28.5% to 31.9%), reflecting a dynamic chemical equilibrium during milling. Particle size distribution analysis revealed a notable increase in average diameter to 6420 nm, accompanied by a polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.831, signifying a broadening compared to the initial LaH2 powder. The morphological evolution of the powder was elucidated through SEM imaging, showing predominantly spherical and rounded forms, indicating extensive particle agglomeration and plastic deformation during milling. Additionally, the formation of oxide layers on the powder surface, intertwined with pronounced particle agglomeration, was highlighted through EDX mapping, shedding light on the mechanical aspects of morphological evolution during milling. These findings contribute to our understanding of LaH2 behavior under extreme mechanical and chemical conditions and have implications for materials processing, hydrogen storage technologies, and broader applications in materials science and engineering.
{"title":"The mechanochemistry of lanthanum dihydride (LaH(_{2})) with hydrogen (H(_{2})) using the ball-mill process and the effect of oxidation on the resulting products","authors":"A. Pramono, Satrio Herbirowo, A. Imaduddin, Iwan Dwi Antoro, H. Nugraha, Hendrik, Anung Syampurwadi, Ines Hayatun Nufus, Nihayatul Umna, Silvia Farah Diba, Fina Fitratun Amaliyah","doi":"10.55713/jmmm.v34i2.1825","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55713/jmmm.v34i2.1825","url":null,"abstract":"The complex behavior of LaH2 during ball milling was investigated in this study, with its mechanical, chemical, and morphological changes explored. The relationship between milling time and hydrogen pressure reduction was uncovered through detailed experiments, reflecting the dynamic nature of the process. A transient yet significant event was observed upon unsealing the milling jar post-milling: the emergence of a minor fire ember, indicative of the interplay between mechanical forces and chemical reactivity within the LaH2 powder. Profound changes in the structure, composition, and shape were unraveled using advanced techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDX), and particle size distribution analysis. The resulting powder exhibited a dual-phase composition of lanthanum dihydride (LaH2, 68.1% to 71.5%) and lanthanum oxide (La2O3, 28.5% to 31.9%), reflecting a dynamic chemical equilibrium during milling. Particle size distribution analysis revealed a notable increase in average diameter to 6420 nm, accompanied by a polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.831, signifying a broadening compared to the initial LaH2 powder. The morphological evolution of the powder was elucidated through SEM imaging, showing predominantly spherical and rounded forms, indicating extensive particle agglomeration and plastic deformation during milling. Additionally, the formation of oxide layers on the powder surface, intertwined with pronounced particle agglomeration, was highlighted through EDX mapping, shedding light on the mechanical aspects of morphological evolution during milling. These findings contribute to our understanding of LaH2 behavior under extreme mechanical and chemical conditions and have implications for materials processing, hydrogen storage technologies, and broader applications in materials science and engineering.","PeriodicalId":16459,"journal":{"name":"Journal of metals, materials and minerals","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141265904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MXene, a two-dimensional material with favorable physicochemical characteristics, has demonstrated outstanding efficiency in a wide range of applications because of their superior properties, such as higher surface area and conductivity, and facile surface modification. In this study, antimony (Sb) doped MXenes were synthesized via a simple hydrothermal method, employing various Sb concentrations ranging from 5%w/w to 25%w/w. The successful preparation of the Sb-doped MXene (Sb@MXene) was confirmed by an X-ray diffraction (XRD) method. Physical morphologies examined through field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) depict the presence of Sb nanoparticles with the size of about 80 nm on the surface and interlayer of MXenes. The Sb@MXene composites demonstrated significant potential as electrochemical sensing materials for heavy metal detection. Both 5%Sb@MXene and 25%Sb@MXene composites were prepared as the screen-printed electrode (SPE) materials via drop-casting method to sense Pb2+, Cd2+, and Zn2+. The 25%Sb@MXene SPE show the highest sensitivity toward Pb2+(3.62 μA∙ppm‒1), Cd2+(2.53 μA∙ppm‒1), and Zn2+ (0.90 μA∙ppm‒1) solution, compared with that of 5%Sb@MXene SPE. This work not only demonstrates a simple preparation of Sb@MXene, but also applies the hybrid materials in electrochemical sensing application.
{"title":"Fabrication and characterization of Sb-doped MXene prepared by hydrothermal method for use as a sensing electrode for heavy metal detection","authors":"Siranaree Phoohadsuan, Thitima Maturos Daniels, M. Horprathum, Nichaphat Thongsai, Eakkasit Punrat","doi":"10.55713/jmmm.v34i2.2008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55713/jmmm.v34i2.2008","url":null,"abstract":"MXene, a two-dimensional material with favorable physicochemical characteristics, has demonstrated outstanding efficiency in a wide range of applications because of their superior properties, such as higher surface area and conductivity, and facile surface modification. In this study, antimony (Sb) doped MXenes were synthesized via a simple hydrothermal method, employing various Sb concentrations ranging from 5%w/w to 25%w/w. The successful preparation of the Sb-doped MXene (Sb@MXene) was confirmed by an X-ray diffraction (XRD) method. Physical morphologies examined through field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) depict the presence of Sb nanoparticles with the size of about 80 nm on the surface and interlayer of MXenes. The Sb@MXene composites demonstrated significant potential as electrochemical sensing materials for heavy metal detection. Both 5%Sb@MXene and 25%Sb@MXene composites were prepared as the screen-printed electrode (SPE) materials via drop-casting method to sense Pb2+, Cd2+, and Zn2+. The 25%Sb@MXene SPE show the highest sensitivity toward Pb2+(3.62 μA∙ppm‒1), Cd2+(2.53 μA∙ppm‒1), and Zn2+ (0.90 μA∙ppm‒1) solution, compared with that of 5%Sb@MXene SPE. This work not only demonstrates a simple preparation of Sb@MXene, but also applies the hybrid materials in electrochemical sensing application.","PeriodicalId":16459,"journal":{"name":"Journal of metals, materials and minerals","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141266879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-04DOI: 10.55713/jmmm.v34i2.1984
Wimolsiri Sriphochai, J. Prachayawarakorn
Due to several limitations of acetylated starch film for wound dressing applications such as low mechanical properties and no antibacterial activity, acetylated starch film was, therefore, modified by different contents of κ-carrageenan and mandelic acid. Infrared spectra confirmed the presence of κ-carrageenan and mandelic acid in the modified acetylated starch films. In addition, the decreased crystallinity of the carrageenan modified acetylated starch films led to more smooth film, as observed by scanning electron images. Besides, the addition of various amounts of κ-carrageenan in the modified acetylated starch films caused the improvement of mechanical properties, moisture uptake, water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), and degree of swelling. Moreover, κ-carrageenan modified acetylated starch film loaded with 20 wt% of mandelic acid exhibited antibacterial property against both S.aureus and E.coli bacteria. Additionally, degree of crystallinity, mechanical properties, moisture uptake, WVTR, degree of swelling, antibacterial activity, and cytotoxicity of κ-carrageenan modified acetylated starch films added by different amounts of mandelic acid were also studied.
{"title":"Natural wound dressing films prepared from acetylated starch/κ-carrageenan blend incorporated with mandelic acid","authors":"Wimolsiri Sriphochai, J. Prachayawarakorn","doi":"10.55713/jmmm.v34i2.1984","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55713/jmmm.v34i2.1984","url":null,"abstract":"Due to several limitations of acetylated starch film for wound dressing applications such as low mechanical properties and no antibacterial activity, acetylated starch film was, therefore, modified by different contents of κ-carrageenan and mandelic acid. Infrared spectra confirmed the presence of κ-carrageenan and mandelic acid in the modified acetylated starch films. In addition, the decreased crystallinity of the carrageenan modified acetylated starch films led to more smooth film, as observed by scanning electron images. Besides, the addition of various amounts of κ-carrageenan in the modified acetylated starch films caused the improvement of mechanical properties, moisture uptake, water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), and degree of swelling. Moreover, κ-carrageenan modified acetylated starch film loaded with 20 wt% of mandelic acid exhibited antibacterial property against both S.aureus and E.coli bacteria. Additionally, degree of crystallinity, mechanical properties, moisture uptake, WVTR, degree of swelling, antibacterial activity, and cytotoxicity of κ-carrageenan modified acetylated starch films added by different amounts of mandelic acid were also studied.","PeriodicalId":16459,"journal":{"name":"Journal of metals, materials and minerals","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141265921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-04DOI: 10.55713/jmmm.v34i2.1879
R. D. Desiati, Eni Sugiarti, Bambang Hermanto, G. E. Timuda, H. Izzuddin, Fraya Aulia Salsabilla, A. Anawati
Alkali chloride attack on boiler pipe walls is considered the main problem of corrosion in the waste-to-energy (WTE) industry, even though uses superalloy. Electrophoretic deposited (EPD) yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) coating is carried out to protect the Inconel 625 substrate. YSZ is deposited directly both on the Inconel 625 substrate and NiCo-Inconel 625. Corrosion resistance was conducted using the 3.5% NaCl electrochemical test and the hot salt corrosion test at 600°C in alkaline salt media such as NaCl, KCl, and CaCl2. The potentiodynamic polarization curve shows that the YSZ coating deposited on the substrate (single-layer) has a corrosion rate of 0.065 mm∙y‒1, lower than that deposited on NiCo coating (double-layer). The double-layer, NiO2 is formed in the NiCo layer due to the NaCl solution being trapped. Meanwhile, in hot salt corrosion at 600°C, CaCrO4 is formed as a protective oxide layer. Furthermore, in the double-layer, an imperfect oxide layer is formed causing spallation and coating failure. The corrosion rate for single-layer hot salt corrosion for 40 h is 0.310 mm∙y‒1. As a result, the corrosion resistance of the single-layer is increased by the presence of the Cr2O3 oxide layer formed during sintering.
{"title":"Corrosion behavior of YSZ and YSZ/NiCo coatings on inconel 625 exposed alkali chlorides","authors":"R. D. Desiati, Eni Sugiarti, Bambang Hermanto, G. E. Timuda, H. Izzuddin, Fraya Aulia Salsabilla, A. Anawati","doi":"10.55713/jmmm.v34i2.1879","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55713/jmmm.v34i2.1879","url":null,"abstract":"Alkali chloride attack on boiler pipe walls is considered the main problem of corrosion in the waste-to-energy (WTE) industry, even though uses superalloy. Electrophoretic deposited (EPD) yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) coating is carried out to protect the Inconel 625 substrate. YSZ is deposited directly both on the Inconel 625 substrate and NiCo-Inconel 625. Corrosion resistance was conducted using the 3.5% NaCl electrochemical test and the hot salt corrosion test at 600°C in alkaline salt media such as NaCl, KCl, and CaCl2. The potentiodynamic polarization curve shows that the YSZ coating deposited on the substrate (single-layer) has a corrosion rate of 0.065 mm∙y‒1, lower than that deposited on NiCo coating (double-layer). The double-layer, NiO2 is formed in the NiCo layer due to the NaCl solution being trapped. Meanwhile, in hot salt corrosion at 600°C, CaCrO4 is formed as a protective oxide layer. Furthermore, in the double-layer, an imperfect oxide layer is formed causing spallation and coating failure. The corrosion rate for single-layer hot salt corrosion for 40 h is 0.310 mm∙y‒1. As a result, the corrosion resistance of the single-layer is increased by the presence of the Cr2O3 oxide layer formed during sintering.","PeriodicalId":16459,"journal":{"name":"Journal of metals, materials and minerals","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141266999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-04DOI: 10.55713/jmmm.v34i2.1928
Sunisa Singhawannurat, Panuwat Lawtae, C. Rojviriya, Chalermluck Phoovasawat
The combination of freeze drying and sucrose leaching technique was employed to fabricate PLA/HA scaffolds with controlled pore size. The influence of the HA content and sucrose size on the scaffold properties was investigated. The fabricated scaffolds showed porous properties with a porosity of 44% to 58% and pore size of 461 μm to 688 μm. The results indicated that the scaffolds possessed favorable porous properties, illustrated by good interconnectivity, appropriate pore size, and suitable porosity. These characteristics were crucial for facilitating bone cell growth and promoting the formation of new tissue within the scaffold structure. The compressive modulus of the scaffolds was examined and found to be in the range of 3.35 MPa to 5.75 MPa. Furthermore, the degradation behavior of the scaffolds was studied for 28 days in a Phosphate Buffered Saline solution. The results showed that the degradation rate was varied in the range of 6% to 14%. The water uptake of the scaffolds exhibited a range between 180% and 200%. Enhancement in water uptake was observed with higher HA content and increased sucrose size. Consequently, the scaffolds developed in this study hold promise as optimal candidates for bone tissue engineering applications.
{"title":"Development of PLA/HA porous scaffolds with controlled pore sizes using the combined freeze drying and sucrose leaching technique for bone tissue engineering","authors":"Sunisa Singhawannurat, Panuwat Lawtae, C. Rojviriya, Chalermluck Phoovasawat","doi":"10.55713/jmmm.v34i2.1928","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55713/jmmm.v34i2.1928","url":null,"abstract":"The combination of freeze drying and sucrose leaching technique was employed to fabricate PLA/HA scaffolds with controlled pore size. The influence of the HA content and sucrose size on the scaffold properties was investigated. The fabricated scaffolds showed porous properties with a porosity of 44% to 58% and pore size of 461 μm to 688 μm. The results indicated that the scaffolds possessed favorable porous properties, illustrated by good interconnectivity, appropriate pore size, and suitable porosity. These characteristics were crucial for facilitating bone cell growth and promoting the formation of new tissue within the scaffold structure. The compressive modulus of the scaffolds was examined and found to be in the range of 3.35 MPa to 5.75 MPa. Furthermore, the degradation behavior of the scaffolds was studied for 28 days in a Phosphate Buffered Saline solution. The results showed that the degradation rate was varied in the range of 6% to 14%. The water uptake of the scaffolds exhibited a range between 180% and 200%. Enhancement in water uptake was observed with higher HA content and increased sucrose size. Consequently, the scaffolds developed in this study hold promise as optimal candidates for bone tissue engineering applications.","PeriodicalId":16459,"journal":{"name":"Journal of metals, materials and minerals","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141267529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.55713/jmmm.v34i1.1798
J. Tangsritrakul, Chumpon Wichittanakom, C. Saiyasombat
The concept of composition-induced phase transformation in Lead Zirconate Titanate (PZT) at the Morphotropic Phase Boundary (MPB) has been employed to improve functional properties of the (1-x)BZT-(x)BCT ceramic. However, it was observed that the phase diagram of the (1-x)BZT-(x)BCT ceramic is different to the PZT. As a result, the nature of the superior functional properties found in (1-x)BZT-(x)BCT ceramic is unlike PZT and still unclear so far. In this work, functional properties; dielectric, ferroelectric, energy storage, and piezoelectric properties, of the (1-x)BZT-(x)BCT ceramics where x = 0.3 mol% to 0.6 mol% were evaluated at room temperature in comparison to the identification of phase coexistence using synchrotron x-ray powder diffraction (SXPD). This work found that changes of BCT content had a strong impact on the observed coexisting phases and functional properties. Moreover, the composition that showed the highest piezoelectric properties did not present the largest of saturation polarization. This implies that the functional properties of the (1-x)BZT-(x)BCT ceramics are not dependent on the presence of polarizations under the application of electric field. The contribution of non-180° domain switching also plays a vital role, especially in the piezoelectric properties. These findings would help to extend our knowledge of the nature of the (1-x)BZT-(x)BCT ceramic.
{"title":"Composition-driven phase coexistence and functional properties of the (1-x)BZT-(x)BCT ceramics near the phase convergence region","authors":"J. Tangsritrakul, Chumpon Wichittanakom, C. Saiyasombat","doi":"10.55713/jmmm.v34i1.1798","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55713/jmmm.v34i1.1798","url":null,"abstract":"The concept of composition-induced phase transformation in Lead Zirconate Titanate (PZT) at the Morphotropic Phase Boundary (MPB) has been employed to improve functional properties of the (1-x)BZT-(x)BCT ceramic. However, it was observed that the phase diagram of the (1-x)BZT-(x)BCT ceramic is different to the PZT. As a result, the nature of the superior functional properties found in (1-x)BZT-(x)BCT ceramic is unlike PZT and still unclear so far. In this work, functional properties; dielectric, ferroelectric, energy storage, and piezoelectric properties, of the (1-x)BZT-(x)BCT ceramics where x = 0.3 mol% to 0.6 mol% were evaluated at room temperature in comparison to the identification of phase coexistence using synchrotron x-ray powder diffraction (SXPD). This work found that changes of BCT content had a strong impact on the observed coexisting phases and functional properties. Moreover, the composition that showed the highest piezoelectric properties did not present the largest of saturation polarization. This implies that the functional properties of the (1-x)BZT-(x)BCT ceramics are not dependent on the presence of polarizations under the application of electric field. The contribution of non-180° domain switching also plays a vital role, especially in the piezoelectric properties. These findings would help to extend our knowledge of the nature of the (1-x)BZT-(x)BCT ceramic. ","PeriodicalId":16459,"journal":{"name":"Journal of metals, materials and minerals","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139813467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.55713/jmmm.v34i1.1846
Thitarat Prathumsuwan, S. Kladsomboon, Alfred Antony Christy, Insik In, Xiao Liang, Shufeng Song, Yao Wang, Thitirat Inprasit, P. Paoprasert, Natee Sirisit
The preparation of carbon dots from jackfruit seeds through a pyrolysis method at 280℃ and their use for the detection of formaldehyde were reported. The as-prepared carbon dots showed a high fluorescence efficiency with a quantum yield of 12.7% and excellent photostability and dispersibility in aqueous solution with a zeta potential of ‒62.5 mV. The integration of carbon dot thin film and a home-made optical electronic nose system possessed sensitivity towards formaldehyde vapor with a detection limit of 24.7%v/v across a linear range of 25%v/v to 100%v/v. Furthermore, the sensor showed the highest sensitivity towards formaldehyde against other volatile organic compounds through a strong interaction between the carbonyl groups and the carbon dots. Additionally, principal component analysis (PCA) was conducted to achieve quantitative measurements of formaldehyde content in different formaldehyde volume ratios with substantial variance. Due to the significance of methanol as a typical chemical precursor for the industrial manufacturing of formaldehyde, the quantitative analytical method is essential to determining formaldehyde or methanol concentration. The sensing ability of carbon dot film-integrated electronic nose towards formaldehyde in formaldehyde/methanol mixtures was measured to be 10.74%v/v in a linear range of 25%v/v to 100%v/v. The PCA showed orderly linear combinations of the data set, which can be potentially utilized to analyze formaldehyde and methanol content in industrial processes. The results indicate the significant potential of carbon dots and optical electronic nose system as an effective formaldehyde sensing platform. Potential applications include the quantification of formaldehyde from methanol conversion and determination of methanol contaminant in formaldehyde.
{"title":"Integration of jackfruit seed-derived carbon dots and electronic nose for a sensitive detection of formaldehyde vapor","authors":"Thitarat Prathumsuwan, S. Kladsomboon, Alfred Antony Christy, Insik In, Xiao Liang, Shufeng Song, Yao Wang, Thitirat Inprasit, P. Paoprasert, Natee Sirisit","doi":"10.55713/jmmm.v34i1.1846","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55713/jmmm.v34i1.1846","url":null,"abstract":"The preparation of carbon dots from jackfruit seeds through a pyrolysis method at 280℃ and their use for the detection of formaldehyde were reported. The as-prepared carbon dots showed a high fluorescence efficiency with a quantum yield of 12.7% and excellent photostability and dispersibility in aqueous solution with a zeta potential of ‒62.5 mV. The integration of carbon dot thin film and a home-made optical electronic nose system possessed sensitivity towards formaldehyde vapor with a detection limit of 24.7%v/v across a linear range of 25%v/v to 100%v/v. Furthermore, the sensor showed the highest sensitivity towards formaldehyde against other volatile organic compounds through a strong interaction between the carbonyl groups and the carbon dots. Additionally, principal component analysis (PCA) was conducted to achieve quantitative measurements of formaldehyde content in different formaldehyde volume ratios with substantial variance. Due to the significance of methanol as a typical chemical precursor for the industrial manufacturing of formaldehyde, the quantitative analytical method is essential to determining formaldehyde or methanol concentration. The sensing ability of carbon dot film-integrated electronic nose towards formaldehyde in formaldehyde/methanol mixtures was measured to be 10.74%v/v in a linear range of 25%v/v to 100%v/v. The PCA showed orderly linear combinations of the data set, which can be potentially utilized to analyze formaldehyde and methanol content in industrial processes. The results indicate the significant potential of carbon dots and optical electronic nose system as an effective formaldehyde sensing platform. Potential applications include the quantification of formaldehyde from methanol conversion and determination of methanol contaminant in formaldehyde.","PeriodicalId":16459,"journal":{"name":"Journal of metals, materials and minerals","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139820459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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