Glutinous rice husk, an abundant agricultural biowaste in Thailand, was pretreated with high energy electron beam irradiation (EBI) at doses of 500 kGy, 1000 kGy, and 1500 kGy prior to fabrication into biochar by carbonization at 500℃ under nitrogen atmosphere. The biochar was then treated with KOH and subsequently heated at 800℃, yielding activated carbon (GAC). The physical, chemical, and electrochemical properties of the as-received biochar (GB) and activated carbon (GAC) were investigated. Scanning electron microscopic images (SEM) suggested that biochar irradiated with 1500 kGy (GB-1500) has the highest porosity compared to the other samples. The electrochemical properties of GB and GAC in 3 M H2SO4 using a three-electrode system indicated that EBI affects the electrochemical performance of the material. The specific capacitance of GB-1500 (6.15 F·g-1 at 0.05 A·g-1) is higher than that of the as-received biochar, and the improved performance of the former is potentially due to the formation of structural defects upon irradiation. Finally, we observed that the specific capacitances of the GAC were much higher than those of their corresponding GB with the same irradiation doses, and the capacitances of the GAC decrease with increasing EBI dose.
以泰国丰富的农业生物废弃物糯米壳为研究对象，采用500、1000、1500 kGy剂量的高能电子束辐照(EBI)预处理后，在氮气气氛下500℃炭化制备生物炭。生物炭经KOH处理后，在800℃下加热，得到活性炭(GAC)。研究了生物炭(GB)和活性炭(GAC)的物理、化学和电化学性能。扫描电镜(SEM)结果表明，在1500 kGy (GB-1500)辐照下，生物炭的孔隙率最高。采用三电极体系对GB和GAC在3 M H2SO4中的电化学性能进行了研究，结果表明EBI对材料的电化学性能有影响。GB-1500的比电容(0.05 A·g-1时为6.15 F·g-1)高于接收生物炭的比电容，前者的性能提高可能是由于辐照后形成的结构缺陷。最后，我们观察到在相同辐照剂量下，GAC的比电容远高于其对应的GB，并且随着EBI剂量的增加，GAC的比电容减小。
{"title":"Synthesis and characterization of electron beam irradiated glutinous rice husk-derived biochar and activated carbon for aqueous electrochemical capacitors","authors":"Kittapas KITSANADECHA, Charlita SINMAK, Patchanan ONCHOMCHAN, Kanit HANTANASIRISAKUL, Tanagorn KWAMMAN, Suranan ANANTACHAISILP","doi":"10.55713/jmmm.v33i3.1687","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55713/jmmm.v33i3.1687","url":null,"abstract":"Glutinous rice husk, an abundant agricultural biowaste in Thailand, was pretreated with high energy electron beam irradiation (EBI) at doses of 500 kGy, 1000 kGy, and 1500 kGy prior to fabrication into biochar by carbonization at 500℃ under nitrogen atmosphere. The biochar was then treated with KOH and subsequently heated at 800℃, yielding activated carbon (GAC). The physical, chemical, and electrochemical properties of the as-received biochar (GB) and activated carbon (GAC) were investigated. Scanning electron microscopic images (SEM) suggested that biochar irradiated with 1500 kGy (GB-1500) has the highest porosity compared to the other samples. The electrochemical properties of GB and GAC in 3 M H2SO4 using a three-electrode system indicated that EBI affects the electrochemical performance of the material. The specific capacitance of GB-1500 (6.15 F·g-1 at 0.05 A·g-1) is higher than that of the as-received biochar, and the improved performance of the former is potentially due to the formation of structural defects upon irradiation. Finally, we observed that the specific capacitances of the GAC were much higher than those of their corresponding GB with the same irradiation doses, and the capacitances of the GAC decrease with increasing EBI dose.","PeriodicalId":16459,"journal":{"name":"Journal of metals, materials and minerals","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135783031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-24DOI: 10.55713/jmmm.v33i3.1709
Apirat Theerapapvisetpong, K. Serivalsatit, W. Reainthippayasakul, W. Buggakupta
Tape automated bonding (TAB) process plays a key role in the production of disk drives, microchips and other microelectronics components. Such tools should sustain their structures and properties throughout ultrasonic operation and are expected to last until reaching the targeted numbers of TAB cycles. This project aims to evaluate the changes in microstructures and physical properties of the bonding tools under ultrasonic service. Three commercial waffle-type tools from different suppliers were focused, namely Tool A, Tool B and Tool C. They provide different levels of bonding efficiency up to 50k cycles under relatively similar ultrasonic practice. Non-destructive and destructive testing methods were examined by the means of X-Ray and mass spectroscopy techniques, respectively. The waffle-end tips of the selected tool were observed using a confocal microscope. The changes in grain size and grain size distribution before and after ultrasonic service were quantitatively analyzed via electron micrographs. Also, their bulk density, hardness and toughness were determined. The experimental work revealed the variation in microstructural features and properties among the three, leading to the difference in ultrasonic efficiency, even they all contained similar phase composition. The relationship between microstructures, properties and ultrasonic efficiency was also reported and discussed.
{"title":"The changes in microstructural features and physical properties of ceramic matrix composite bonding tools under ultrasonic service","authors":"Apirat Theerapapvisetpong, K. Serivalsatit, W. Reainthippayasakul, W. Buggakupta","doi":"10.55713/jmmm.v33i3.1709","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55713/jmmm.v33i3.1709","url":null,"abstract":"Tape automated bonding (TAB) process plays a key role in the production of disk drives, microchips and other microelectronics components. Such tools should sustain their structures and properties throughout ultrasonic operation and are expected to last until reaching the targeted numbers of TAB cycles. This project aims to evaluate the changes in microstructures and physical properties of the bonding tools under ultrasonic service. Three commercial waffle-type tools from different suppliers were focused, namely Tool A, Tool B and Tool C. They provide different levels of bonding efficiency up to 50k cycles under relatively similar ultrasonic practice. Non-destructive and destructive testing methods were examined by the means of X-Ray and mass spectroscopy techniques, respectively. The waffle-end tips of the selected tool were observed using a confocal microscope. The changes in grain size and grain size distribution before and after ultrasonic service were quantitatively analyzed via electron micrographs. Also, their bulk density, hardness and toughness were determined. The experimental work revealed the variation in microstructural features and properties among the three, leading to the difference in ultrasonic efficiency, even they all contained similar phase composition. The relationship between microstructures, properties and ultrasonic efficiency was also reported and discussed.","PeriodicalId":16459,"journal":{"name":"Journal of metals, materials and minerals","volume":"23 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72409647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-24DOI: 10.55713/jmmm.v33i3.1727
Khoa Tien Cao, Khoi Khac Tran, H. Do
Silver nanowires (AgNWs) with diverse applications are attracting the attention of many researchers around the world. In this study, we applied the polyol method to synthesize AgNWs based on Polyvinyl-pyrrolidone (PVP) average molecular weight of 360,000, ethylene glycol (EG), and AgNO3 precursor with a fresh AgCl preparation. To synthesize this material we first investigate optimal parameters through the influence of reaction temperature, time of creating AgNWs using plasmon absorption spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscope (SEM) images. The obtained AgNWs are high efficiency, large aspect ratio, and good dispersion in the solution. This sample continues to be conducted to surface functionalization by bovine serum albumin (BSA) molecules to develop AgNW@BSA complexes. We apply UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy to evaluate the optical properties of these complexes. Besides, we conduct research on the application of this material on surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). The results show that the optical properties of these complexes obtained from UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy are comparable with the numerical modeling. In addition, AgNWs can be used to study the effective surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) to detect methylene blue (MB) molecules at low concentrations as 10-12 M.
{"title":"Polyol method and surface functionalization of silver nanowires using bovine serum albumin for surface-enhanced Raman scattering application","authors":"Khoa Tien Cao, Khoi Khac Tran, H. Do","doi":"10.55713/jmmm.v33i3.1727","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55713/jmmm.v33i3.1727","url":null,"abstract":"Silver nanowires (AgNWs) with diverse applications are attracting the attention of many researchers around the world. In this study, we applied the polyol method to synthesize AgNWs based on Polyvinyl-pyrrolidone (PVP) average molecular weight of 360,000, ethylene glycol (EG), and AgNO3 precursor with a fresh AgCl preparation. To synthesize this material we first investigate optimal parameters through the influence of reaction temperature, time of creating AgNWs using plasmon absorption spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscope (SEM) images. The obtained AgNWs are high efficiency, large aspect ratio, and good dispersion in the solution. This sample continues to be conducted to surface functionalization by bovine serum albumin (BSA) molecules to develop AgNW@BSA complexes. We apply UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy to evaluate the optical properties of these complexes. Besides, we conduct research on the application of this material on surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). The results show that the optical properties of these complexes obtained from UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy are comparable with the numerical modeling. In addition, AgNWs can be used to study the effective surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) to detect methylene blue (MB) molecules at low concentrations as 10-12 M.","PeriodicalId":16459,"journal":{"name":"Journal of metals, materials and minerals","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87977138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-08DOI: 10.55713/jmmm.v33i3.1665
Charin Seesomdee, P. Pienpinijtham, P. Rakpongsiri, S. Tungasmita
Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is one of the most powerful analytical techniques for the identification of molecules in microelectronics industry for failure analysis protocols. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is one of the most powerful analytical techniques for the identification of molecules in the microelectronics industry for failure analysis protocols. In this work, dry-processed gold nanoclusters were prepared by magnetron sputtering deposition to promote the enhancement of the Raman signal from selected common polymers found in the hard disk drive as surface contamination. The optimized sputtering conditions were applied for SERS on poly-carbonate (PC), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polypropylene (PP), and high-density polyethylene (HDPE). The Raman spectrum showed the average Raman signal intensity gain at about 114%, 78%, 254%, and 226%, respectively. The SERS with gold nanoclusters, prepared by magnetron sputtering, demonstrates that this method is a clean, simple, highly performing analytical method for failure analysis and can be an alternative method over the use of colloidal gold nanoparticles for contamination investigation in industrial failure analysis procedures, where the sample cleanness during the analysis is critical, as in the microelectronic industry.
{"title":"Enhanced Raman spectroscopy analysis for contamination detection on microelectronic devices using gold nanoclusters grown by DC magnetron sputtering","authors":"Charin Seesomdee, P. Pienpinijtham, P. Rakpongsiri, S. Tungasmita","doi":"10.55713/jmmm.v33i3.1665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55713/jmmm.v33i3.1665","url":null,"abstract":"Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is one of the most powerful analytical techniques for the identification of molecules in microelectronics industry for failure analysis protocols. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is one of the most powerful analytical techniques for the identification of molecules in the microelectronics industry for failure analysis protocols. In this work, dry-processed gold nanoclusters were prepared by magnetron sputtering deposition to promote the enhancement of the Raman signal from selected common polymers found in the hard disk drive as surface contamination. The optimized sputtering conditions were applied for SERS on poly-carbonate (PC), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polypropylene (PP), and high-density polyethylene (HDPE). The Raman spectrum showed the average Raman signal intensity gain at about 114%, 78%, 254%, and 226%, respectively. The SERS with gold nanoclusters, prepared by magnetron sputtering, demonstrates that this method is a clean, simple, highly performing analytical method for failure analysis and can be an alternative method over the use of colloidal gold nanoparticles for contamination investigation in industrial failure analysis procedures, where the sample cleanness during the analysis is critical, as in the microelectronic industry.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":16459,"journal":{"name":"Journal of metals, materials and minerals","volume":"60 232 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83299824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-08DOI: 10.55713/jmmm.v33i3.1654
S. Akkurt, C. Sındıraç, Tuğçe ÖZMEN EGESOY, E. Ergen
The exponential growth in the requirement of fuel cells and batteries leads to increased demand for cobalt due to its common use in high-performance Li-ion batteries and high-temperature fuel cells/electrolyzers. This sharp increment in demand raises concern about the availability of limited reserves of cobalt which can impact the price of cobalt. Moreover, the geographic limitations of cobalt resources may endanger the whole supply chain. In addition to all those, huge moral issues of cobalt mining are also another problem. Hence, leading battery, fuel cells and electrolyzer manufacturers are looking for sustainable alternatives to reduce cobalt dependency. A more specific limitation is shown in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) cathode materials that contain cobalt. Incompatibilities have already been observed between the cathode materials containing cobalt and the electrolytes in terms of the thermal expansion coefficient mismatch during the transition of the operating temperature from high to low. An advantage of low operating temperatures is the reduction of material costs compared to high temperature. Increasing the electrochemical performance of the cell and eliminating thermal expansion coefficient difference problems are in concert aimed at the development of cobalt-free cathode materials. Therefore, cobalt-free cathode materials are vital for the sustainability of SOFCs and green transition of the energy sector since they can be used as cathode and anode material in symmetrical SOFCs which is also known as reversible SOFC (RSOFC). In this review, we comprehensively summarize the recent advances of cobalt-free perovskite cathode materials for intermediate temperature RSOFCs.
{"title":"A review on new cobalt-free cathode materials for reversible solid oxide fuel cells","authors":"S. Akkurt, C. Sındıraç, Tuğçe ÖZMEN EGESOY, E. Ergen","doi":"10.55713/jmmm.v33i3.1654","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55713/jmmm.v33i3.1654","url":null,"abstract":"The exponential growth in the requirement of fuel cells and batteries leads to increased demand for cobalt due to its common use in high-performance Li-ion batteries and high-temperature fuel cells/electrolyzers. This sharp increment in demand raises concern about the availability of limited reserves of cobalt which can impact the price of cobalt. Moreover, the geographic limitations of cobalt resources may endanger the whole supply chain. In addition to all those, huge moral issues of cobalt mining are also another problem. Hence, leading battery, fuel cells and electrolyzer manufacturers are looking for sustainable alternatives to reduce cobalt dependency. A more specific limitation is shown in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) cathode materials that contain cobalt. Incompatibilities have already been observed between the cathode materials containing cobalt and the electrolytes in terms of the thermal expansion coefficient mismatch during the transition of the operating temperature from high to low. An advantage of low operating temperatures is the reduction of material costs compared to high temperature. Increasing the electrochemical performance of the cell and eliminating thermal expansion coefficient difference problems are in concert aimed at the development of cobalt-free cathode materials. Therefore, cobalt-free cathode materials are vital for the sustainability of SOFCs and green transition of the energy sector since they can be used as cathode and anode material in symmetrical SOFCs which is also known as reversible SOFC (RSOFC). In this review, we comprehensively summarize the recent advances of cobalt-free perovskite cathode materials for intermediate temperature RSOFCs.","PeriodicalId":16459,"journal":{"name":"Journal of metals, materials and minerals","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90272671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aluminum alloys are commonly used in the aircraft industry but it tends to corrode and needs to be inspected properly. Eddy current testing is the widely used non-destructive testing (NDT) for aircraft metals. This research studied estimating the thickness loss due to corrosion in an aircraft aluminum sheet metal. The Al1100, Al2024, and Al7075 were 2 mm thick. Aluminum sheet metals were used to create artificial damage in hydrochloric acid. The thickness loss due to corrosion was inspected with eddy current testing (ET) and compared with the measurement from the coordinate measurement machine (CMM). The results showed that the thickness loss due to corrosion could be estimated using the eddy current skin depth frequencies. However, in the practical application, the skin depth could be guessed from the corrosion rate which could reduce the inspection time. In this research, the corrosion rate was measured by using potentiodynamic measurement. It can be used for estimating the thickness loss for an appropriate inspection interval.
{"title":"Eddy current evaluation for thickness loss estimation of aluminum alloys used in aircraft structures","authors":"Seekharin Komonhirun, Sujittra Tangprakob, Sorawit Chanaphan, Awika Jaroensri, T. Nilsonthi, Thammaporn Thublaor","doi":"10.55713/jmmm.v33i3.1581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55713/jmmm.v33i3.1581","url":null,"abstract":"Aluminum alloys are commonly used in the aircraft industry but it tends to corrode and needs to be inspected properly. Eddy current testing is the widely used non-destructive testing (NDT) for aircraft metals. This research studied estimating the thickness loss due to corrosion in an aircraft aluminum sheet metal. The Al1100, Al2024, and Al7075 were 2 mm thick. Aluminum sheet metals were used to create artificial damage in hydrochloric acid. The thickness loss due to corrosion was inspected with eddy current testing (ET) and compared with the measurement from the coordinate measurement machine (CMM). The results showed that the thickness loss due to corrosion could be estimated using the eddy current skin depth frequencies. However, in the practical application, the skin depth could be guessed from the corrosion rate which could reduce the inspection time. In this research, the corrosion rate was measured by using potentiodynamic measurement. It can be used for estimating the thickness loss for an appropriate inspection interval.","PeriodicalId":16459,"journal":{"name":"Journal of metals, materials and minerals","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90386597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-26DOI: 10.55713/jmmm.v33i3.1673
Rawiwan Khwanming, Satana Pongampai, N. Vittayakorn, Thitirat Charoonsuk
At present, fabric-based triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) has been paid attention and developed for self-power generation systems with wearability for E-textiles, especially cotton. However, there are many commercial cellulose-based fabrics with different fiber characteristics and fabric structures that gain possibility to effect on TENG performance and has been underreported. This work presents the fabrication of the textile TENG by using four types of commercial cellulose-based fabrics as friction layer and compare the electrical output efficiency relating their molecular structure, fabric structure and surface morphology characteristics. As shown by the electrical output, though all fabrics can generate electricity for TENG device, nevertheless, the output signal is different because of their different total surface area of the fabric, affecting by different microstructure. The rayon fabric contains the smallest size fiber with highest surface area at the same woven structure. The obtained output voltage (VOC) and current (ISC) of ⁓23 V and ⁓13 µA are ⁓1.8 times higher than most studied cotton fabric. This research demonstrated the importance of the microstructure and surface area of the fabrics that significantly affect TENG properties. The investigation in this work will useful and knowledgeable to select fabric materials before improving and using them for energy harvesting devices.
{"title":"Cellulose-based fabrics triboelectric nanogenerator: Effect of fabric microstructure on its electrical output","authors":"Rawiwan Khwanming, Satana Pongampai, N. Vittayakorn, Thitirat Charoonsuk","doi":"10.55713/jmmm.v33i3.1673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55713/jmmm.v33i3.1673","url":null,"abstract":"At present, fabric-based triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) has been paid attention and developed for self-power generation systems with wearability for E-textiles, especially cotton. However, there are many commercial cellulose-based fabrics with different fiber characteristics and fabric structures that gain possibility to effect on TENG performance and has been underreported. This work presents the fabrication of the textile TENG by using four types of commercial cellulose-based fabrics as friction layer and compare the electrical output efficiency relating their molecular structure, fabric structure and surface morphology characteristics. As shown by the electrical output, though all fabrics can generate electricity for TENG device, nevertheless, the output signal is different because of their different total surface area of the fabric, affecting by different microstructure. The rayon fabric contains the smallest size fiber with highest surface area at the same woven structure. The obtained output voltage (VOC) and current (ISC) of ⁓23 V and ⁓13 µA are ⁓1.8 times higher than most studied cotton fabric. This research demonstrated the importance of the microstructure and surface area of the fabrics that significantly affect TENG properties. The investigation in this work will useful and knowledgeable to select fabric materials before improving and using them for energy harvesting devices.","PeriodicalId":16459,"journal":{"name":"Journal of metals, materials and minerals","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73321488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-26DOI: 10.55713/jmmm.v33i3.1684
Nichaphat Thongsai, Aphinya Chuiduang, S. Kladsomboon, I. In, P. Paoprasert
Herein, carbon dots (CDs) as biocompatible, fluorescent carbon-based nanomaterials were synthesized from papaya seed waste as renewable carbon sources for the first time via a facile acid pyrolysis method. The papaya seed-derived CDs showed blue fluorescence emission under UV light (365 nm) with a quantum yield of 2.74%, and contained oxygen-, and nitrogen- containing functional groups. Due to their surface functionality, the CDs have a great potential for using as fluorescence sensing probe in metal ion sensing application. The CD solution exhibited the most selective detection to Cu2+ as presented the highest fluorescence quenching with the limit of detection (LOD) of 5.16 μM. The CD-paper-based fluorescent sensor was also developed for practical application, and the RGB value was used to compare the sensitivity of CDs toward metal ions. The CD sensing film was also prepared for diethyl ether vapor sensing via optical electronic nose system. The principal component analysis (PCA) score plots revealed the total variance of 99.3%, indicating that the CDs can be used to discriminate different concentrations of diethyl ether/ethanol vapor mixtures. This work demonstrated that the papaya seed-derived CDs have a great attention to be alternative materials for developing sensing materials in both solution and film forms.
{"title":"Multipurpose fluorescent carbon dots from papaya seed waste as sensing materials for Cu2+ detection and diethyl ether vapor sensor via electronic nose system","authors":"Nichaphat Thongsai, Aphinya Chuiduang, S. Kladsomboon, I. In, P. Paoprasert","doi":"10.55713/jmmm.v33i3.1684","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55713/jmmm.v33i3.1684","url":null,"abstract":"Herein, carbon dots (CDs) as biocompatible, fluorescent carbon-based nanomaterials were synthesized from papaya seed waste as renewable carbon sources for the first time via a facile acid pyrolysis method. The papaya seed-derived CDs showed blue fluorescence emission under UV light (365 nm) with a quantum yield of 2.74%, and contained oxygen-, and nitrogen- containing functional groups. Due to their surface functionality, the CDs have a great potential for using as fluorescence sensing probe in metal ion sensing application. The CD solution exhibited the most selective detection to Cu2+ as presented the highest fluorescence quenching with the limit of detection (LOD) of 5.16 μM. The CD-paper-based fluorescent sensor was also developed for practical application, and the RGB value was used to compare the sensitivity of CDs toward metal ions. The CD sensing film was also prepared for diethyl ether vapor sensing via optical electronic nose system. The principal component analysis (PCA) score plots revealed the total variance of 99.3%, indicating that the CDs can be used to discriminate different concentrations of diethyl ether/ethanol vapor mixtures. This work demonstrated that the papaya seed-derived CDs have a great attention to be alternative materials for developing sensing materials in both solution and film forms.","PeriodicalId":16459,"journal":{"name":"Journal of metals, materials and minerals","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90123623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-26DOI: 10.55713/jmmm.v33i3.1683
S. Kittinaovarat, Pornchiwin Banjong, P. Sujaridworakun
This research studied the effects of different factors used in an in-situ method for forming colored silver nanoparticles (AgNP) on the properties of silk fabric; namely color shading, color strength, relative unlevelness index, color fastness to washing, antibacterial and UV shielding properties. In addition, improvement with an acrylic binder on color fastness to washing and antibacterial property after 20 cycles of washing of AgNP-treated silk fabric were also investigated. It was found that the optimum condition for treatment by the in-situ method was 2.0% owf of silver nitrate (AgNO3) solution, AgNO3 to trisodium citrate ratio at 1:3 (%w/w), exhaustion temperature at 90°C and treatment time at 90 or 120 min at pH 4.0. The higher concentration of those two factors, the higher the dark brown shade on the AgNP-treated silk fabrics. AgNP-treated silk fabric had a better UV protection than that of the pristine silk fabric. After 20 washes, the color fastness to washing of AgNP-treated silk fabric either with or without acrylic binder coating was rated low. Antibacterial activity against S. aureus of AgNP-treated silk fabric without coating acrylic binder decreased to 40% of bacterial reduction, but AgNP-treated silk fabric coated with acrylic binder still had 100% antibacterial property.
{"title":"Color shading, color fastness, antibacterial and ultraviolet protection properties of silk fabric colored by silver nanoparticles","authors":"S. Kittinaovarat, Pornchiwin Banjong, P. Sujaridworakun","doi":"10.55713/jmmm.v33i3.1683","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55713/jmmm.v33i3.1683","url":null,"abstract":"This research studied the effects of different factors used in an in-situ method for forming colored silver nanoparticles (AgNP) on the properties of silk fabric; namely color shading, color strength, relative unlevelness index, color fastness to washing, antibacterial and UV shielding properties. In addition, improvement with an acrylic binder on color fastness to washing and antibacterial property after 20 cycles of washing of AgNP-treated silk fabric were also investigated. It was found that the optimum condition for treatment by the in-situ method was 2.0% owf of silver nitrate (AgNO3) solution, AgNO3 to trisodium citrate ratio at 1:3 (%w/w), exhaustion temperature at 90°C and treatment time at 90 or 120 min at pH 4.0. The higher concentration of those two factors, the higher the dark brown shade on the AgNP-treated silk fabrics. AgNP-treated silk fabric had a better UV protection than that of the pristine silk fabric. After 20 washes, the color fastness to washing of AgNP-treated silk fabric either with or without acrylic binder coating was rated low. Antibacterial activity against S. aureus of AgNP-treated silk fabric without coating acrylic binder decreased to 40% of bacterial reduction, but AgNP-treated silk fabric coated with acrylic binder still had 100% antibacterial property.","PeriodicalId":16459,"journal":{"name":"Journal of metals, materials and minerals","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83508180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-26DOI: 10.55713/jmmm.v33i3.1621
Kamol Traipanya, T. Wasanapiarnpong, C. Mongkolkachit
Silicon nitride and zirconia were mixed with SiO2, MgO, Y2O3 as sintering additives and pressureless sintered at 1650℃ in N2 atmosphere for 2 h. The XRD results showed a-Si3N4 was partially transformed to b-Si3N4 with 3:3:5 weight ratio of SiO2 : MgO : Y2O3. However, at 5 wt% of ZrO2 addition promoted phase transformation of a-Si3N4 to b-Si3N4 while 35 wt% of ZrO2 completely transformed to b-Si3N4 phase. Si3N4 has a lower density than ZrO2, bulk density of samples increases in correlation with the amount of ZrO2. Because there was no difference in hardness and flexural strength between sintered Si3N4 samples with hardness of 13.41 GPa and 648.13 MPa along with increasing ZrO2 variation up to 55 wt%. Furthermore, with 75 wt% ZrO2, the hardness was reduced to 10.57 GPa and the flexural strength decreased to 208.16 MPa. SEM images of Si3N4 samples demonstrated the dense microstructure and 5 wt% ZrO2 showed homogeneous ZrO2 distributed among the Si3N4 grains. As a result, the hexagonal rod-like form of b-Si3N4 is clearly visible in 75 wt% ZrO2. Therefore, Si3N4 with ZrO2 can be sintered with the homogeneous microstructure of the a-Si3N4 to b-Si3N4 transformation and tolerable mechanical properties vary with ZrO2 content.
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