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Antenna Design for V2X Application in 5G Network 5G网络中V2X应用的天线设计
Vina Amalia Fitrianingrum, J. Suryana
5G communication have a lot of advantages inour daily activity. The development of 5G, allows some mobility communication, like a car that especially needs some communication for the user and supporting V2X (Vehicle to Everything) application. Wider bandwidth is the one that to be required. ETSI and 5GCar said that for supporting 5G communication, many countries using bandwidth antenna more than 500 MHz. Inthis study use parasitic patch method for wider the bandwidth, the antenna design process begins by determining the antenna parameters. Next, design a conventional single microstrip antenna and then added more resonances with the process of enhance the bandwidth using the parasitic patch technique, with adding resonator in coplanar method. The parasitic patch is electrically not connected from the central patch, but patch using edge coupled utilization. This present design of the parasitic antenna use frequency of 3.5 GHz with width of antenna 68.71 and length 48.58 mm. Substrate antenna using an FR4 and use 50 Ω coaxial probe for fed technique. The proposed design antenna has 5patch parasitic with gap coupling for staggering resonance and yet wider bandwidth. The results of the proposed antenna can achieved bandwidth untill 658.1 MHz, with range of frequency from 3,3158 GHz to 4.0066 GHz with antenna dimension 68.71×48.58 mm. Meanwhile, the gain resulted is 4.89 dBi.
5G通信在我们的日常活动中有很多优势。5G的发展,允许一些移动通信,比如汽车,特别需要为用户提供一些通信,并支持V2X(车到一切)应用。需要更宽的带宽。ETSI和5G car表示,为支持5G通信,许多国家使用带宽超过500mhz的天线。本研究采用寄生贴片法获得更宽的带宽,天线设计过程首先确定天线参数。其次,设计了一个传统的单微带天线,然后利用寄生贴片技术增强带宽的过程中增加了更多的谐振,并在共面法中增加了谐振器。寄生贴片不与中心贴片电连接,而是使用边缘耦合利用的贴片。本设计的寄生天线使用频率为3.5 GHz,天线宽度为68.71 mm,长度为48.58 mm。基板天线采用FR4并采用50 Ω同轴探头进行馈电技术。设计的天线具有5片寄生带间隙耦合的交错共振和更宽的带宽。结果表明,该天线的带宽可达658.1 MHz,频率范围为3,3158 GHz ~ 4.0066 GHz,天线尺寸为68.71×48.58 mm。同时,增益为4.89 dBi。
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引用次数: 0
A Web-Based Accounting Information System Application using CodeIngniter Framework: (A Case Study Approach) 基于CodeIngniter框架的基于web的会计信息系统应用(案例研究方法)
A. Ratnawati, Endah Kartikasari, Bambang Rustandi, Bambang Susanto, Audita Setiawan, Ketut Abimanyu Munastha
The design of the Financial Accounting Information System at the Operational and Financial Unit aims to analyze the system and procedures for filing, recording and accountability of ongoing down-payment, designing a system that can make submissions, recording and accountability of down-time computerized web-based, as well as evaluating application system submission, recording and down payment accountability that is built as well as compiling an internal control system of the proposed system. Data collection was done by interviews and direct observation of ongoing business processes which then described qualitatively in flowchart and narrative. Based on analysis of the current system, shows that the systems and procedures for filing and accountability ongoing “imprest” has not been effective and still has several problems. System analysis model is described using an object-oriented approach with UML diagrams are represented by use case diagram while the phases of system development using the waterfall model in the SDLC. Information system designed web-based and developed using framework CodeIgniter v3 with the PHP programming language and MySQL database that can generate a report containing the amount of the down-payment that must be accounted for, the amount of the down payment that has been accounted for and the amount of the down payment that has not been accounted for in certain periods.
业务及财务组财务会计信息系统的设计目的是分析现行首付款的归档、记录和问责的制度和程序,设计一个可以在计算机网络上提交、记录和问责的停机时间系统,以及评估已建立的申请系统提交、记录和首付款问责制,并编制拟议系统的内部控制系统。数据收集是通过访谈和对正在进行的业务流程的直接观察完成的,然后在流程图和叙述中进行定性描述。本文通过对现行制度的分析,表明现行制度和程序的备案和问责制正在进行中,并没有取得成效,仍然存在一些问题。系统分析模型使用面向对象的方法描述,UML图用用例图表示,而系统开发阶段使用SDLC中的瀑布模型。使用CodeIgniter v3框架,以PHP编程语言和MySQL数据库,基于web设计开发的信息系统,可以生成一个报表,其中包含一定时期内必须入账的首付金额、已入账的首付金额和未入账的首付金额。
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引用次数: 0
Interference Analysis between LEO and GSO Satellites at Ku Band Frequency: Case Study on Starlink and Telkom-3S Ku频段LEO卫星与GSO卫星干扰分析——以Starlink和telom - 3s卫星为例
A. Susanto, Iskandar
We investigate the aggregate interference caused by large scale NGSO constellations to GSO systems. We propose starlink and Telkom-3S satellite as a case study. We utilize the TLE, a (near-) real-time orbital elements, and simulate the downlink interference scenario. Based on the simulation results, we found that in the range of latitude 0 to 40°N, the higher the latitude of the GSO receiver, the less the number of interference events. We also observe that the EPFD will exceed the interference limit recommended by ITU-R article 22.
研究了大尺度NGSO星座对GSO系统的综合干扰。我们以starlink和telom - 3s卫星为例进行了研究。我们利用TLE,一个(近)实时的轨道元素,并模拟下行干扰场景。仿真结果表明,在纬度0 ~ 40°N范围内,GSO接收机的纬度越高,干扰事件数越少。我们还观察到EPFD将超过ITU-R第22条建议的干扰限制。
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引用次数: 1
Load Balancing on Named Data Networking, Case Study: UIN Topology in Indonesia 命名数据网络的负载平衡,案例研究:印度尼西亚的UIN拓扑
Eki Ahmad Zaki Hamidi, S. Ahdan, Jupriyadi, Adi Sucinto, Hasan Nur Arifin, N. Syambas
Named Data Networking (NDN) is a network with a future internet architecture that changes the point of view in networking from host-centric to data-centric. Named data networking provides a network system where the routing system is no longer dependent on traditional IP. Network packets are routed through nodes by name. When many manufacturers produce packages with different names for several consumers, routing with load balancing is necessary. The case study carried out is to conduct a simulation by connecting all UIN campuses into a topology with the name UIN Topology in Indonesia, using several scenarios to describe the effectiveness of the load balancer on the UIN topology in Indonesia. This study focuses on load balancer applications to reduce delays in Named Data Networking (NDN), the topology of UIN in Indonesia.
命名数据网络(NDN)是一种具有未来互联网架构的网络,它将网络的观点从以主机为中心转变为以数据为中心。命名数据网络提供了一种路由系统不再依赖于传统IP的网络系统。网络数据包通过节点按名称路由。当许多制造商为几个消费者生产具有不同名称的包时,必须使用负载平衡路由。所进行的案例研究是通过将所有UIN校园连接到具有印度尼西亚UIN拓扑名称的拓扑中进行模拟,使用几个场景来描述负载均衡器在印度尼西亚UIN拓扑上的有效性。本研究的重点是负载均衡器应用程序,以减少命名数据网络(NDN)的延迟,印度尼西亚的UIN拓扑结构。
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引用次数: 0
Implementation of 80MHz NodeMCU Lolin for Realtime Precision Maintenance Scheduler CPS Calculation on a Volvo In-Line D16C610 Engine 80MHz NodeMCU llin在沃尔沃D16C610发动机上实时精密维修调度程序CPS计算的实现
A. Kurniawan, Kholilatul Wardani, Eki Ahmad Zaki Hamidi
The frequent use of the Volvo engine for mechanical hauling necessitates a real-time and intelligent approach to when and how to perform periodic maintenance. The single or double trailer (vessel) that the Volvo FH16 prime mover truck is equipped to pull may weigh between 280 metric tons. Unfortunately, the Service-Meter (SM), which counts engine operating hours without accounting for engine speed, load, or oil temperature, serves as the primary basis for the maintenance schedule. As a result of this faulty parameter, the maintenance schedule became inefficient and flawed. A NodeMCU Module is installed on an ECU to include crankshaft rotation to Hour Meter parameter which used to decide when to carried out the periodic maintenance. The wear components inside the engine that is in contact with rotating or moving parts such as crankshaft, camshaft, piston cylinders specifically the rings, cylinder liner, and connecting rod are all depend on the number of crankshaft rotation. By including the crankshaft RPM when the engine is operating, using SMconv, The most frequent maintenance service (PS250) is carried out approximately every 11 days (previously every 15 days). By making PS250 more frequent which means replacement of engine oil, engine oil filter, and secondary fuel filter (racor filter) will be done more frequently. The result and effect of the maintenance is therefore in accordance with metal wear pace inside the engine. Therefore, by modifying the SM parameter the more frequent maintenance service is expected to make make better MTBF and MTTR thus resulting in longer engine lifetime.
沃尔沃发动机经常用于机械运输,因此需要一种实时和智能的方法来确定何时以及如何进行定期维护。沃尔沃FH16原动机卡车所配备的单拖车或双拖车(船)的重量可能在280公吨之间。不幸的是,Service-Meter (SM)作为维护计划的主要依据,计算发动机的工作时间,而不考虑发动机转速、负载或油温。由于这个错误的参数,维护计划变得低效和有缺陷。安装在ECU上的NodeMCU模块包括曲轴旋转和小时表参数,用于决定何时进行定期维护。发动机内部与旋转或运动部件(如曲轴、凸轮轴、活塞缸,特别是环、缸套和连杆)接触的磨损部件都取决于曲轴旋转的次数。通过包括发动机运行时的曲轴转速,使用SMconv,最频繁的维护服务(PS250)大约每11天进行一次(以前每15天)。通过使PS250更频繁,这意味着更换机油,机油滤清器和二次燃油滤清器(racor滤清器)将更频繁。因此,维修的结果和效果与发动机内部金属磨损的速度一致。因此,通过修改SM参数,可以提高发动机的MTBF和MTTR,从而延长发动机的使用寿命。
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引用次数: 0
Pending Interest Table (PIT) Performance Analysis in Named Data Networking on Palapa Ring Topology 基于Palapa环拓扑的命名数据网络的未决兴趣表(PIT)性能分析
Adi Sucipto, Jupriyadi, S. Ahdan, Hasan Nur Arifin, Eki Ahmad Zaki Hamidi, N. Syambas
The concept of the internet in the future will prioritize content, by reducing delays in data transmission. Named Data Networking (NDN) is a content-based future internet concept that changes the paradigm of using IP. Inside the NDN router, there are three data structures, namely Content Store (CS), Pending Interest Table (PIT), and Forwarding Information Base (FIB). Pending Interest Table (PIT) contains a list of unfulfilled interests. This condition occurs when the node has not received a response after the interest forwarding process. Measurable and fast PIT performance is a challenge in Named Data Networks. In this study, we will try to do a simulation to measure and analyze the performance of PIT in NDN in the Palapa Ring topology. The research was conducted using the NDNSim simulator, to see the performance in the PIT. The simulation and analysis of the results show that the granularity of a prefix has an effect on In Satisfied Interest in an NDN network. At the number of interests of 100, the result obtained from the simulation is that there is a decrease in the percentage of interest data served, amounting to more than 20%. At the amount of interest in 1000 about more than 30%. The length of the prefix and the number of interest sent by the consumer affect the performance of the PIT, seen from the number of In Satisfied Interests.
未来的互联网概念将通过减少数据传输的延迟来优先考虑内容。命名数据网络(NDN)是一种基于内容的未来互联网概念,它改变了IP的使用范式。在NDN路由器内部,有三种数据结构,即CS (Content Store)、PIT (Pending Interest Table)和FIB (Forwarding Information Base)。未决利息表(PIT)包含未完成的利息列表。当节点在兴趣转发过程之后没有收到响应时,就会出现这种情况。在命名数据网络中,可测量和快速的PIT性能是一个挑战。在本研究中,我们将尝试做一个模拟来测量和分析在Palapa环拓扑下NDN中PIT的性能。研究使用NDNSim模拟器进行,以查看在PIT中的性能。仿真和分析结果表明,前缀粒度对NDN网络中的“满意兴趣”有一定的影响。在兴趣数为100时,仿真得到的结果是服务的兴趣数据百分比减少了20%以上。在1000的金额利息约30%以上。前缀的长度和消费者发送的兴趣的数量影响PIT的性能,从满足兴趣的数量可以看出。
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引用次数: 0
Smart Greenhouse System for Cultivation of Chili (Capsicum Annum L.) with Raspberry Pi 3B Based on MQTT Protocol 基于MQTT协议的树莓派3B辣椒智能温室系统
Muhammad Alvito Aditya, Nur Rokhman, M. R. Effendi, Sugih Gumilar, P. Alqinsi, N. Ismail
Indonesia is the largest agrarian country in the world with abundant natural resources, especially in the plantation sector. The greenhouse concept can be developed by adding a smart greenhouse system with Internet of Things (IoT) technology which can accelerate an accurate and expected plant cultivation system. This study introduces a smart greenhouse system for chili cultivation based on the IoT using website technology of NodeJS as an application interface and MongoDB as a database. The system that has been developed consists of several sensors designed to collect information related to the environmental conditions of the greenhouse. These sensors are Total Dissolved Solid/TDS (water turbidity) sensor, Dissolved Oxygen Sensor (Oxygen content), DHT11 (air temperature and humidity), pH sensor (soil pH), soil moisture sensor (soil moisture), and ultrasonic sensor (to measure the distance from the water surface). The system is developed using the Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) protocol. Data from the sensor is delivered to the Raspberry Pi 3B and the server passes through the internet network to be stored in the database. Testing of the DHT11 sensor produces an average air temperature of 26°C and air humidity of 62% which affects the growth of chili plants while the results of testing the water pH data are 6.36 mg/l. The value of the oxygen content (Dissolved Oxygen (DO)) is 0 - 2.141 ppm while the value of the Water Level data in the reservoir is 14.7 - 19.2 cm. Testing of water turbidity uses TDS (Total Dissolved Solids) sensor. This test is performed to ensure good water quality for chili plants which is in the range of 3 - 3.5 ppm. Messages sent by MQTT have 100% delivery success rate, smaller payload size compared to HTTP, and lower device power consumption.
印度尼西亚是世界上最大的农业国,拥有丰富的自然资源,特别是在种植园方面。温室概念可以通过添加具有物联网(IoT)技术的智能温室系统来开发,该系统可以加速精确和预期的植物栽培系统。本研究以NodeJS网站技术为应用接口,MongoDB为数据库,介绍了一种基于物联网的辣椒种植智能大棚系统。该系统由几个传感器组成,旨在收集与温室环境条件有关的信息。这些传感器是总溶解固体/TDS(水浊度)传感器,溶解氧传感器(氧含量),DHT11(空气温度和湿度),pH传感器(土壤pH值),土壤水分传感器(土壤湿度),超声波传感器(测量距离水面的距离)。该系统采用消息队列遥测传输(MQTT)协议开发。传感器的数据传递给树莓派3B,服务器通过internet网络存储在数据库中。DHT11传感器测试产生的平均空气温度为26°C,空气湿度为62%,影响辣椒植物的生长,而水pH值测试结果为6.36 mg/l。溶解氧(DO)值为0 ~ 2.141 ppm,水库水位数据值为14.7 ~ 19.2 cm。测试水的浊度使用TDS(总溶解固体)传感器。这个测试是为了确保辣椒植物的水质在3 - 3.5 ppm的范围内。与HTTP相比,MQTT发送的消息具有100%的传递成功率,更小的有效负载大小和更低的设备功耗。
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引用次数: 0
QGIS Implementation For Assesing Stock Estimation Of Blue Carbon On Seagrass Ecosystem (A Case Study Approach) QGIS在海草生态系统蓝碳储量评估中的应用(以海草生态系统为例)
Muhammad Ariq Khalingga, Y. N. Ihsan, Subiyanto, A. Ratnawati, S. Zallesa, Ketut Abimanyu Munastha
Seagrass ecosystems are known to be able to absorb and store carbon both in vegetation and in the substrates where seagrasses grow. The value of these carbon reserves varies depending on the characteristics, conditions, and extent of seagrass ecosystems, but seagrass ecosystem areas have declined globally due to the threat of development that is not environmentally friendly. By those reason, this research purpose for determining seagrass ecosystem by measuring the blue carbon using Lyzenga Algorithm in QGIS Application. The value of these carbon reserves varies depending on the characteristics, conditions, and extent of seagrass ecosystems, but seagrass ecosystem areas have declined globally due to the threat of development that is not environmentally friendly. The method used is purposive sampling at a predetermined station and retrieving image data from Sentinel-2 to measure the area which is further analyzed descriptively to assume the value of carbon uptake in Bara Beach, South Sulawesi, whose carbon sequestration value on the coast of Bara Beach has an average carbon stock in the seagrass type Enhalus acoroides of 391.95 gC/m2, Halodule uninervis at 43.33 gC/m2 and Thalassia hempricii at 303.23 gC/m2. The estimated carbon uptake value in Bara Beach with a coastal area according to Qgis analysis of 41,453 ha is 15,541 MgC from 12.6 ha of classified seagrass ecosystem area has an unhealthy or moderate quality level with an overall ecosystem density percentage of 30.44%.
众所周知,海草生态系统能够在植被和海草生长的基质中吸收和储存碳。这些碳储量的价值取决于海草生态系统的特征、条件和范围,但由于不环保的发展威胁,海草生态系统面积在全球范围内减少。因此,本研究的目的是利用Lyzenga算法在QGIS中的应用,通过测量蓝碳来确定海草生态系统。这些碳储量的价值取决于海草生态系统的特征、条件和范围,但由于不环保的发展威胁,海草生态系统面积在全球范围内减少。采用预定站点有目的采样和Sentinel-2遥感影像数据采集的方法,对测量区域进行描述性分析,假设南苏拉威西巴拉海滩的碳吸收量,巴拉海滩海岸的碳固存值为:海草类Enhalus acoroides平均碳储量为391.95 gC/m2,海草类Halodule unintervis平均碳储量为43.33 gC/m2,海草类Thalassia hempricii平均碳储量为303.23 gC/m2。在12.6 ha的海草分类生态区里,根据Qgis对41,453 ha的面积进行分析,Bara Beach的碳吸收值为15,541 MgC,属于不健康或中等质量水平,整体生态系统密度百分比为30.44%。
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引用次数: 0
Fire Fighting Robot Using Flame Detector and Ultrasonic Based on Fuzzy Logic Control 基于模糊逻辑控制的火焰探测器和超声波灭火机器人
Rofid Komarul Ikbar, E. Mulyana, Rina Mardiati, Rin Rin Nurmalasari
The development of a fire fighting robot requires a fire detector with high accuracy, which is influenced by the input signal received from the sensor. It was embedded in the robot. The fire fighting robot requires a control method used by the robot in the fire detection process. In this study, the flame detector KY -026 ultrasonic was installed on the front of the robot and used Arduino MEGA 2560 as the microcontroller. In order to make the robot movement more stable when detecting fire, a Fuzzy Logic controls the fan and DC motor PWM. Testing Fuzzy Logic on the robot is carried out with the condition that the robot detects fire on a candle with a distance of 20 cm for the ultrasonic sensor and the ADC value of 300 for the flame detector. It compared the output of the fire fighting robot based on Fuzzy Logic with the output from manual calculations, simulation calculations, and robot system calculations. It is obtained that Fuzzy Logic has been successfully implemented on firefighting robots.
消防机器人的发展需要高精度的火灾探测器,而探测器的精度受传感器输入信号的影响。它被植入了机器人体内。消防机器人要求机器人在火灾探测过程中使用的控制方法。在本研究中,火焰探测器KY -026超声波被安装在机器人的前端,并使用Arduino MEGA 2560作为微控制器。为了使机器人在探测火灾时运动更加稳定,采用模糊逻辑控制风扇和直流电机PWM。在机器人检测蜡烛上的火焰的条件下,超声波传感器的距离为20 cm,火焰探测器的ADC值为300,对机器人进行模糊逻辑测试。将基于模糊逻辑的消防机器人的输出与人工计算、仿真计算和机器人系统计算的输出进行了比较。结果表明,模糊逻辑已成功地应用于消防机器人。
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引用次数: 0
Design of Torque Controller Based on Field Oriented Control (FOC) Method on BLDC Motor 基于磁场定向控制(FOC)方法的无刷直流电机转矩控制器设计
Ruli Jauhar, N. Ismail, N. Sartika
Brushless Direct Current (BLDC) motors have the characteristics of better speed and torque control, high efficiency, and affordable maintenance costs compared to other types of electric motors. BLDC motors require a control system that can produce stable and responsive torque to maximize these advantages. This study discusses torque control with Proportional Integral (PI) control and Field Oriented Control (FOC) method using DSP LaunchPad XL TMS320F28069M. This research simulates the PI control to see the results of the control before it is implemented on the BLDC motor. The simulation results obtained a Kp value of 0.80541 and a Ki of 0.42578. The final result of this study shows a good response with a small overshoot value and steady state error, resulting an output with low ripple, a stable system, and a fast response. The designed control system is capable of tracking torque at Iq 0.3A, 0.6A, and 0.9A setpoints. Sequentially, the settling time values were 0.02ms, 0.06ms, and 0.16ms; the overshoot values were 0.042%, 0.02%, and 0.01%; and the steady state error values for each setpoint were 0.06%, 0.03%, and 0,03%.
与其他类型的电动机相比,无刷直流(BLDC)电动机具有更好的速度和转矩控制,高效率和负担得起的维护成本的特点。无刷直流电机需要一个控制系统,可以产生稳定和响应扭矩,以最大限度地发挥这些优势。研究了基于DSP LaunchPad XL TMS320F28069M的比例积分(PI)控制和场定向控制(FOC)方法的转矩控制。本研究在无刷直流电机上实施PI控制之前,对PI控制进行了仿真,以查看控制结果。仿真结果表明,Kp值为0.80541,Ki值为0.42578。本研究的最终结果显示了良好的响应,超调值小,稳态误差小,输出纹波低,系统稳定,响应快。所设计的控制系统能够在Iq 0.3A, 0.6A和0.9A设定值下跟踪扭矩。沉降时间依次为0.02ms、0.06ms、0.16ms;超调值分别为0.042%、0.02%和0.01%;各设定值的稳态误差值分别为0.06%、0.03%和0.03%。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
2022 16th International Conference on Telecommunication Systems, Services, and Applications (TSSA)
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