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Interpersonal Relationship and Suicide Attempt: The Role of Family and Social Relationship. 人际关系与自杀未遂:家庭和社会关系的作用。
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q3 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-08 DOI: 10.1097/NMD.0000000000001814
Qin Zhou, Ning Li, Chang An Li, Jie Zhang

Abstract: This study investigates the role of family and social relationships in cases of attempted suicide in China. Studies, mostly analyzing data from developed countries, have indicated that interpersonal relationships are important predictors of suicidal behaviors. This study's data were derived from a case-control study in China. Family relationships included relationships with spouses, parents, and parents-in-law. Poor family and social relationships were significantly associated with increased risk of attempted suicide in women and men. Depression and social support significantly mediated the association between interpersonal relationship and attempted suicide. Poor relationship with spouse was significantly associated with an elevated risk of attempted suicide. Relationship with parents-in-law was also significantly associated with attempted suicide in women, whereas family relationships played a more important role than social relationships in suicidal behaviors, especially in men. The findings imply that suicide prevention in China could be conducted from the perspective of improving family relationships, especially husband/wife and parents/daughters-in-law relationships.

摘要:本研究探讨了家庭和社会关系在中国自杀未遂案例中的作用。大多数分析发达国家数据的研究表明,人际关系是预测自杀行为的重要因素。本研究的数据来自中国的一项病例对照研究。家庭关系包括与配偶、父母和岳父母的关系。不良的家庭和社会关系与女性和男性自杀未遂风险的增加有显著相关性。抑郁和社会支持对人际关系与自杀未遂之间的关联有明显的中介作用。与配偶关系不佳与企图自杀的风险升高有很大关系。在自杀行为中,家庭关系比社会关系扮演着更重要的角色,尤其是在男性中。研究结果表明,中国可以从改善家庭关系的角度来预防自杀,尤其是夫妻关系和父母/儿媳关系。
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引用次数: 0
The Mediating Role of Emotion Regulation Difficulties in the Correlation Between Mindfulness and Psychological Resilience in Patients Diagnosed with Depression. 情绪调节困难在抑郁症患者正念与心理复原力之间的相关性中的中介作用》(The Mediating Role of Emotion Regulation Difficulties in the Correlation between Mindfulness and Psychological Resilience in Diagnosed with Depression.
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q3 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-08 DOI: 10.1097/NMD.0000000000001813
Rabia Arpacı, Derya Tanrıverdi

Abstract: This study aimed to determine the mediating role of emotion regulation difficulties in the correlation between mindfulness and psychological resilience. This study was conducted with a total of 119 patients diagnosed with major depression. Data were collected with Personal Information Form, Mindfulness Scale, Emotion Regulation Difficulties Scale, and Psychological Resilience Scale. The study participants reported moderate levels of mindfulness and emotion regulation difficulties, and above-average levels of psychological resilience. It was found that there was a moderately negative correlation between mindfulness and emotion regulation difficulties (r = -0.553, p < 0.001), as well as between psychological resilience and emotion regulation difficulties (r = -0.429, p < 0.001). A moderately positive correlation was determined between mindfulness and psychological resilience (r = 0.344, p < 0.001). Emotion regulation difficulties fully mediated the correlation between mindfulness and psychological resilience. These findings will guide the development of interventions aimed at enhancing mindfulness, emotion regulation skills, and psychological resilience in depression treatment.

摘要:本研究旨在确定情绪调节困难在正念与心理复原力之间的相关性中的中介作用。本研究以 119 名确诊为重度抑郁症的患者为对象。通过个人信息表、正念量表、情绪调节困难量表和心理复原力量表收集数据。研究结果显示,参与者的正念和情绪调节能力处于中等水平,而心理复原力则高于平均水平。研究发现,正念与情绪调节困难之间存在中度负相关(r = -0.553,p < 0.001),心理复原力与情绪调节困难之间也存在中度负相关(r = -0.429,p < 0.001)。正念与心理复原力之间呈中度正相关(r = 0.344,p < 0.001)。情绪调节困难完全调节了正念与心理复原力之间的相关性。这些发现将为在抑郁症治疗中开发旨在增强正念、情绪调节技能和心理复原力的干预措施提供指导。
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引用次数: 0
Sexual Violence and Hazardous Drinking: Exploring Associations With PTSD Symptoms and Gender Among Adults With Probable PTSD and Hazardous Drinking. 性暴力与危险饮酒:在可能患有创伤后应激障碍和危险饮酒的成年人中探索创伤后应激障碍症状与性别的关联。
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q3 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-08 DOI: 10.1097/NMD.0000000000001811
Nicole A Short, Mary Shapiro, Tanya Smit, Shelby J McGrew, Michael J Zvolensky, Anka A Vujanovic

Abstract: Sexual violence is associated with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), but relatively less research has explored whether it is associated with hazardous drinking. PTSD symptoms may indirectly influence the association between sexual violence and hazardous alcohol use. This association may be moderated by gender. The aim of the current study was to cross-sectionally test whether sexual violence is indirectly associated with hazardous drinking through PTSD symptoms and explore whether gender moderates this association. Hypotheses were tested among 631 adults (Mage = 38, 56% men, 78.6% White) with probable PTSD and hazardous drinking who completed online self-report surveys. Results indicated sexual violence, compared with other trauma types, was associated with more severe hazardous drinking. There was a significant indirect effect of PTSD symptoms in this association. There was no evidence of a moderating effect of gender. PTSD symptoms may drive hazardous drinking among sexual violence survivors. Results also underscore associations between sexual violence and alcohol use, regardless of gender. Future work should continue to investigate these associations prospectively.

摘要:性暴力与创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)有关,但关于性暴力是否与危险饮酒有关的研究相对较少。创伤后应激障碍症状可能会间接影响性暴力与危险饮酒之间的关联。这种关联可能会受到性别的调节。本研究旨在横截面检验性暴力是否会通过创伤后应激障碍症状间接影响危险饮酒,并探讨性别是否会调节这种关联。假设在 631 名完成在线自我报告调查的可能患有创伤后应激障碍和危险饮酒的成年人(Mage = 38,56% 为男性,78.6% 为白人)中进行了检验。结果表明,与其他创伤类型相比,性暴力与更严重的危险饮酒有关。创伤后应激障碍症状对这种关联有明显的间接影响。没有证据表明性别有调节作用。创伤后应激障碍症状可能会导致性暴力幸存者危险饮酒。研究结果还强调了性暴力与酗酒之间的关联,与性别无关。今后的工作应继续对这些关联进行前瞻性调查。
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引用次数: 0
Individuals Who Had a Lifetime History of Suicide Attempts and Their Relationships With Inflammation, Severity of Depressive Symptoms, and Childhood Maltreatments. 终生有自杀未遂史的人及其与炎症、抑郁症状严重程度和童年虐待的关系。
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q3 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-13 DOI: 10.1097/NMD.0000000000001805
Gisele de Souza Teixeira Bellinello, Mariana Urbano, Heber Odebrecht Vargas, Waldiceu Verri, Ana Carolina Rossaneis, Sandra Odebrecht Vargas Nunes

Abstract: Lifetime history of suicide attempts is associated with inflammatory mechanisms, severity of depressive symptoms, and childhood trauma. This cross-sectional study enrolled 54 suicide attempters and 154 nonsuicide attempters. All individuals were assessed through a questionnaire, a structured clinical interview, scales, anthropometric measures, and laboratory biomarkers. Individuals with a history of lifetime suicide attempts showed significant positive correlations regarding soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 and severity of depressive symptoms (p = 0.013), interleukin-1 receptor antagonist and severity of depressive symptoms (p = 0.04), and absenteeism from work and childhood physical abuse (p = 0.012). Suicide attempters also experienced more childhood trauma (sexual abuse, physical abuse, emotional abuse, emotional neglect, and physical neglect) compared with nonsuicide attempters. IL-4 levels were significantly lower in individuals who attempted suicide than in nonsuicidal individuals. Lifetime suicide attempts in major affective disorders were associated with childhood trauma and proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines.

摘要:终生自杀未遂史与炎症机制、抑郁症状严重程度和童年创伤有关。这项横断面研究共招募了 54 名自杀未遂者和 154 名非自杀未遂者。研究人员通过问卷调查、结构化临床访谈、量表、人体测量和实验室生物标志物对所有人进行了评估。有自杀未遂史的人的可溶性肿瘤坏死因子受体1与抑郁症状的严重程度(p = 0.013)、白细胞介素-1受体拮抗剂与抑郁症状的严重程度(p = 0.04)、旷工与童年身体虐待(p = 0.012)呈显著正相关。与非自杀企图者相比,自杀企图者也经历了更多的童年创伤(性虐待、身体虐待、情感虐待、情感忽视和身体忽视)。自杀未遂者的 IL-4 水平明显低于未自杀者。重性情感障碍患者终生企图自杀与童年创伤以及促炎和抗炎细胞因子有关。
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引用次数: 0
Determination of Mandibular Morphology in a Turkish Population With Bipolar I Disorder Using Panoramic Radiography. 利用全景 X 射线照相术确定土耳其双相情感障碍 I 患者的下颌骨形态。
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q3 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-30 DOI: 10.1097/NMD.0000000000001806
Hakan Bahadir, Nihal Yetimoğlu, Özlem Oflezer, Murat Erkiran

Abstract: The presence of specific craniofacial deviations may be evidence of abnormal early brain development in bipolar disorder (BD). This study aimed to compare mandibular morphology in patients with BD versus nonpsychiatric controls using panoramic radiography. A total of 215 recorded images, 70 patients with BD and 145 controls, were evaluated. Seven mandibular parameters of the ramus height (RH), condylar height (CH), gonial angle (GA), antegonial angle (AGA), antegonial notch depth (AND), ramal notch depth (RND), and bigonial width (BGW) were measured in a blinded manner. Group analysis was conducted separately for males and females. The univariate comparisons showed increased values in RH, CH, AND, RND, and BGW and decreased values in GA in males with BD compared with male controls. In addition, females with BD had higher RH, CH, RND, and BGW values in comparison to female controls. The differences were statistically significant. Data from multivariate analyses revealed that increases in RH and BGW values in both sexes were significant predictive variables that distinguished patients with BD from controls. Moreover, deeper AND was the most prominent predictor that distinguished male patients with BD from male controls. The identification of subtle changes in mandibular measurements is consistent with the notion of impaired neurodevelopment in BD.

摘要:特定颅面偏差的存在可能是双相情感障碍(BD)患者早期大脑发育异常的证据。本研究旨在利用全景放射摄影技术,比较双相情感障碍患者与非精神疾病对照组的下颌骨形态。共评估了215张记录图像,其中70张为双相情感障碍患者,145张为对照组。在盲法下测量了下颌骨的七个参数,包括横突高度(RH)、髁突高度(CH)、盂角(GA)、前盂角(AGA)、前盂切迹深度(AND)、横突切迹深度(RND)和大盂宽度(BGW)。对男性和女性分别进行了分组分析。单变量比较结果显示,与男性对照组相比,患有 BD 的男性在 RH、CH、AND、RND 和 BGW 方面的数值增加,而在 GA 方面的数值减少。此外,女性 BD 患者的 RH 值、CH 值、RND 值和 BGW 值均高于女性对照组。这些差异具有统计学意义。多变量分析的数据显示,男女患者的 RH 值和 BGW 值的增加是区分 BD 患者和对照组的重要预测变量。此外,更深的AND是区分男性BD患者和男性对照组的最主要预测因素。下颌骨测量值的微妙变化与 BD 神经发育受损的概念相一致。
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引用次数: 0
Uncovering the Motor Dynamics of Obsessive-Compulsive Rituals Through Cluster Analysis. 通过聚类分析揭示强迫症仪式的运动动力
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q3 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-17 DOI: 10.1097/NMD.0000000000001804
Luca Gambolò, Rebecca Ottoni, Anna Di Donna, Carlo Marchesi, Matteo Tonna

Abstract: Rituals represent a prominent human behavior in different contexts such as daily routines, life cycle stages, and psychopathology, for example, obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) where they are referred to as compulsions. OCD compulsions differ from habitual behaviors and stereotypies regarding their formal features: acts repetition, the addition of nonfunctional acts, and attentional focus on basic motor units. This study aims to categorize OCD compulsions based on the motor patterns of acts repetition and inclusion of nonfunctional acts. We analyzed 28 video-recorded OCD compulsions; we adopted a cluster analytic model to identify distinct patterns within the data and determine cluster characteristics. Our findings revealed a moderate negative covariance between nonfunctionality and repetitiveness, indicating that as nonfunctionality increased, repetitiveness decreased. Three distinct clusters in OCD rituals were identified according to the motor pattern: "idiosyncratic rituals," characterized by strong incorporation of nonfunctional acts; "iterative rituals" showing high repetitiveness; and "routines," with minimal repetition and limited inclusion of nonfunctional acts. These motor patterns highlight evolutionarily conserved behavioral strategies aimed at coping with conditions of environmental unpredictability. The findings might allow fine-grained discrimination of ritual compulsions and help target personalized interventions.

摘要:仪式是人类在日常生活、生命周期阶段和精神病理学等不同情况下的突出行为,例如强迫症(OCD)中的强迫行为。强迫症强迫症与习惯性行为和刻板印象的不同之处在于其形式特征:行为重复、增加非功能性行为以及将注意力集中在基本运动单元上。本研究旨在根据行为重复和加入非功能性行为的运动模式对强迫症进行分类。我们分析了 28 个强迫症强迫动作的视频录像,并采用聚类分析模型来识别数据中的独特模式并确定聚类特征。我们的研究结果表明,非功能性和重复性之间存在适度的负协方差,这表明随着非功能性的增加,重复性也会降低。根据运动模式,我们在强迫症仪式中发现了三个不同的群组:"特异性仪式 "的特点是大量包含非功能性行为;"迭代性仪式 "表现出较高的重复性;"例行性仪式 "的重复性最低,包含的非功能性行为有限。这些运动模式凸显了进化过程中保守的行为策略,旨在应对环境的不可预测性。这些发现可能有助于对仪式强迫症进行精细分辨,并帮助确定个性化干预措施的目标。
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引用次数: 0
Alexithymia-A Neglected Factor Influencing Educational Satisfaction and Psychological Wellbeing in Medical Students. 亚历山大症--影响医学生教育满意度和心理健康的被忽视因素。
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q3 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-07 DOI: 10.1097/NMD.0000000000001807
Katarina Simic, Milan Latas, Maja Pantovic Stefanovic, Milica Nesic

Abstract: Alexithymia presents a reduced ability to identify, express, and describe one's own emotions. In medical professionals, alexithymia is associated with increased burnout and substance use, as well as reduced altruistic behavior. Our aim was to examine the association between alexithymia and different sociodemographic, psychological, and somatic parameters among medical students. Participants included 186 third- and sixth-year students of the Faculty of Medicine in Belgrade, Serbia. Data were collected through an online survey, composed of 1) a general questionnaire (sociodemographic data, education satisfaction, grade point average, presence of psychological and somatic disorders), 2) Twenty-Item Toronto Alexithymia Scale, 3) Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and 4) Beck Anxiety Inventory. Third-year students had significantly higher rates of alexithymia compared with sixth-year students. Negative correlation was found between alexithymia and educational satisfaction ( r = -0.276**) and alexithymia and grade point average ( r = -0.186*). A positive correlation was found between alexithymia and depression ( r = 0.424**) and alexithymia and anxiety ( r = 0.338**). The negative impact of alexithymia on educational satisfaction and psychological health is pronounced in the population of medical students, indicating a need for preventive programs aimed in medical schools.

摘要:情绪失调症表现为识别、表达和描述自身情绪的能力下降。在医务人员中,情感缺失与职业倦怠和药物使用增加以及利他行为减少有关。我们的目的是在医学生中研究lexithymia与不同社会人口学、心理学和躯体参数之间的关联。参与者包括塞尔维亚贝尔格莱德医学院的 186 名三年级和六年级学生。数据通过在线调查收集,调查内容包括:1)一般问卷(社会人口学数据、教育满意度、平均学分绩点、是否患有心理和躯体疾病);2)多伦多亚历山大症二十项量表;3)患者健康问卷-9;4)贝克焦虑量表。与六年级学生相比,三年级学生的亚历山大症发病率明显较高。研究发现,自闭症与教育满意度(r = -0.276**)和自闭症与平均学分绩点(r = -0.186*)之间存在负相关。在情感障碍与抑郁(r = 0.424**)和情感障碍与焦虑(r = 0.338**)之间发现了正相关。在医学生群体中,亚历山大症对教育满意度和心理健康的负面影响非常明显,这表明有必要在医学院校开展预防计划。
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引用次数: 0
Association Between Adverse Childhood Experiences and Cognitive Decline: Findings From the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 2015-2016. 童年不良经历与认知能力下降之间的关系:2015-2016年行为风险因素监测系统的研究结果》(Finding from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 2015-2016)。
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q3 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1097/NMD.0000000000001790
Gaurav Chaudhari, Darshini Vora, Chintan Trivedi, Preetam Reddy, Krishna Priya Bodicherla, Mahwish Adnan, Ramu Vadukapuram, Priya Durga Kodi, Kaushal Shah, Sruti Patel, Zeeshan Mansuri, Shailesh Jain

Abstract: We aim to study Adverse childhood experiences' (ACEs') association with cognitive decline during adulthood. We reviewed data on subjective cognitive decline (SCD) for those ≥45 years of age. Logistic regression analysis, odds ratio, and 95% confidence interval (CI) assessed the association between ACEs and SCD. We analyzed an adult survey (N = 3900, mean age: 60.9 years, male: 46%). The most common ACE reported was household substance abuse (22.4%), followed by parental divorce/separation (20.9%). The prevalence of SCD in those having at least one ACE was higher than those without any (16.5% vs. 8.1%, p < 0.001). SCD positively correlated with the number of ACEs (p < 0.001). The odds of SCD increase in proportion to the increase in the number of ACEs experienced. These findings should be replicated in a larger population while controlling for confounding factors.

摘要:我们旨在研究童年不良经历(ACE)与成年后认知能力下降之间的关系。我们回顾了年龄≥45 岁人群的主观认知能力下降(SCD)数据。逻辑回归分析、几率比和 95% 置信区间 (CI) 评估了 ACE 与 SCD 之间的关系。我们分析了一项成人调查(N = 3900,平均年龄:60.9 岁,男性:46%)。最常见的 ACE 是家庭药物滥用(22.4%),其次是父母离婚/分居(20.9%)。在至少有一项 ACE 的人群中,SCD 患病率高于没有任何 ACE 的人群(16.5% 对 8.1%,P < 0.001)。SCD 与 ACE 的数量呈正相关(p < 0.001)。发生 SCD 的几率与经历的 ACE 数量的增加成正比。这些研究结果应在更大的人群中进行复制,同时控制混杂因素。
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引用次数: 0
Setting the Game Agenda: Reviewing the Emerging Literature on Video Gaming and Psychological Well-Being of Sexual and Gender Diverse Youth. 制定游戏议程:回顾有关电子游戏与性和性别多元化青少年心理健康的新兴文献。
IF 2.4 4区 医学 Q3 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2023-06-08 DOI: 10.1177/15554120231178883
Dane Marco Di Cesare, Shelley L Craig, Ashley S Brooks, Kaitrin Doll

Video gaming is a popular youth pastime that has prompted scholarship into its relationship with psychological well-being. However, sexual and gender diverse youth (SGDY) who play video games are largely overlooked in this research. SGDY experience significant mental health challenges, but utilize coping strategies mediated by digital technologies, necessitating an examination of their video game playing and its effects on well-being. This literature review synthesizes the emerging evidence base by identifying key constructs related to SGDY well-being and video gaming. Five themes were derived from the literature: (a) SGDY identity development and self-expression in video games; (b) SGDY video gaming and coping skills; (c) Social support in SGDY video gaming communities; (d) SGDY digital microaggressions in video gaming; and (e) SGDY civic engagement through video gaming. The findings establish multiple risks and opportunities for harnessing video games to support SGDY's well-being. Recommendations for practice, research, and industry collaborations are presented.

电子游戏是一种深受青少年喜爱的消遣方式,它与心理健康之间的关系引发了学术研究的关注。然而,这项研究在很大程度上忽略了玩电子游戏的性与性别多元化青少年(SGDY)。SGDY 面临着巨大的心理健康挑战,但他们利用以数字技术为媒介的应对策略,因此有必要研究他们玩电子游戏的情况及其对心理健康的影响。本文献综述通过确定与 SGDY 幸福感和视频游戏相关的关键概念,对新出现的证据基础进行了综合。从文献中得出了五个主题:(a)视频游戏中的 SGDY 身份发展与自我表达;(b)SGDY 视频游戏与应对技能;(c)SGDY 视频游戏社区中的社会支持;(d)SGDY 视频游戏中的数字微小差异;以及(e)SGDY 通过视频游戏参与公民事务。研究结果表明,利用电子游戏来支持 SGDY 的福祉既有风险,也有机遇。报告还对实践、研究和行业合作提出了建议。
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引用次数: 0
Analysis of Burnout and Self-Efficacy of Teachers of Physical Education During Online Learning. 在线学习期间体育教师的职业倦怠和自我效能感分析。
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q3 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1097/NMD.0000000000001802
Xu Ran

Abstract: The research is based on interpretive phenomenological analysis and the interview method. The sample involved 100 secondary school students from five to nine grades and eight physical education teachers. All participants studied the proposed physical education program in-person for one academic semester, as well as studied the program online for one academic semester. It was found that online learning was viewed unfavorably by 87% of teachers. However, 65% of participants admitted that learning opportunities were limited, and they experienced difficulties with appropriate lesson content, equipment, and space to foster a positive learning environment and a productive working context. In addition, marginalization occurred as parents and students paid more attention to other subject areas except for physical education. The research suggested that the majority of teachers (89%) were looking forward to full-time and face-to-face physical education training because they lacked personal relationships and interaction with their students.

摘要:本研究采用解释现象学分析法和访谈法。样本包括 100 名五至九年级的中学生和 8 名体育教师。所有参与者都在一学期内亲自学习了拟议的体育课程,并在一学期内在线学习了该课程。调查发现,87%的教师对在线学习持否定态度。然而,65% 的参与者承认学习机会有限,他们在适当的课程内容、设备和空间方面遇到困难,难以营造积极的学习环境和富有成效的工作氛围。此外,由于家长和学生更关注体育以外的其他学科领域,因此出现了边缘化现象。研究表明,大多数教师(89%)期待全职和面对面的体育培训,因为他们缺乏与学生的人际关系和互动。
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease
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