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The Role of Object Relations in the Physician-Patient Relationship in a Primary Care Setting. 客体关系在初级医疗机构医患关系中的作用》(The Role of Object Relations in the Physician-Patient Relationship in a Primary Care Setting.
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q3 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1097/NMD.0000000000001799
John H Porcerelli, Laura A Richardson, Steven K Huprich

Abstract: A good physician-patient relationship is essential for the delivery of quality health care and is associated with better health outcomes. This study explored the association between patients' object relations and the physician-patient relationship. Primary care patients (n = 72) and physicians (n = 21) participated in the study. Patients' early memories were obtained prior to their medical visit and were coded with the Social Cognition and Object Relations-Global Method (SCORS-G). Patients and physicians independently rated the quality of the physician-patient encounter. Results indicated that object relations (SCORS-G Cognitive-structural and Self factors) incrementally predicted physician-patient relationship ratings, as rated by the patient, above and beyond psychological distress, somatization, and level of physician training. Patient education, psychological distress, and level of physician training predicted physician ratings of the medical encounter. The authors discuss the discrepancy between physician and patient ratings as they relate to patients' object relations.

摘要:良好的医患关系对于提供高质量的医疗服务至关重要,并与更好的健康结果相关联。本研究探讨了患者的客体关系与医患关系之间的关联。参与研究的有初级保健患者(72 人)和医生(21 人)。患者的早期记忆是在就诊前获得的,并采用社会认知和客体关系全局法(SCORS-G)进行编码。患者和医生对医患接触的质量进行独立评分。结果表明,客体关系(SCORS-G 认知结构和自我因素)对医患关系评分的预测作用逐步增强,由患者评分,高于心理困扰、躯体化和医生培训水平。患者教育、心理困扰和医生培训水平预测了医生对医疗接触的评分。作者讨论了医生和患者评分之间的差异,因为它们与患者的客体关系有关。
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引用次数: 0
Foreseeably Early Deaths in Patients With Psychiatric Disorders: Challenges in Caring for Patients Manifesting Likely Fatal Trajectories. 精神病患者的可预见早期死亡:护理表现出可能致命轨迹的患者所面临的挑战。
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q3 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1097/NMD.0000000000001789
Joel Yager, Jonathan Treem, Thomas B Strouse

Abstract: Patients with psychiatric disorders often have foreshortened lives, attributed both to "natural" medical and "unnatural" external causes of death such as suicide, homicide, and accident. Many deaths are foreseeable due to circumstances linked to patients' psychiatric disorders. These can include illness-associated disparities, adverse treatment effects, lack of self-care, and behaviors stemming directly from psychopathological processes. Whereas some of these processes contribute indirectly to patients' causes of death, others are more directly consequential, causing patients to "die from" their psychiatric disorders. Some patients manifest likely fatal trajectories that may lead to "end-stage" psychiatric disorders. Palliative approaches may optimize their quality of life and potentially alter these trajectories, but patients with psychiatric disorders are less likely to receive optimal end-of-life care. Although assuring a "good death" can be challenging, systematic efforts can assist in providing patients with psychiatric disorders deaths with dignity rather than indignity.

摘要:精神障碍患者通常会缩短生命,其原因既有 "自然 "的医疗死亡,也有 "非自然 "的外部死亡,如自杀、他杀和意外事故。许多死亡是可以预见的,原因是与患者的精神障碍有关。这些情况包括与疾病相关的差异、不良治疗效果、缺乏自我护理以及直接源于精神病理过程的行为。这些过程中,有些是间接导致患者死亡的原因,有些则是更直接的后果,导致患者 "死于 "精神障碍。有些患者表现出可能导致精神障碍 "终末期 "的致命轨迹。姑息治疗方法可以优化他们的生活质量,并有可能改变这些轨迹,但精神障碍患者不太可能获得最佳的临终关怀。尽管确保 "美好的死亡 "可能具有挑战性,但系统性的努力可以帮助精神障碍患者有尊严地死亡,而不是无尊严地死亡。
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引用次数: 0
Psychosocial Factors Associated With Long-Term Cognitive Impairment Among COVID-19 Survivors: A Cross-Sectional Study. 与 COVID-19 存活者长期认知障碍相关的社会心理因素:一项横断面研究
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q3 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-15 DOI: 10.1097/NMD.0000000000001792
Wen Dang, Wenjing Li, Haotian Liu, Chunyang Li, Tingxi Zhu, Lin Bai, Runnan Yang, Jingyi Wang, Xiao Liao, Bo Liu, Simai Zhang, Minlan Yuan, Wei Zhang

Abstract: COVID-19 survivors complained of the experience of cognitive impairments, which also called "brain fog" even recovered. The study aimed to describe long-term cognitive change and determine psychosocial factors in COVID-19 survivors. A cross-sectional study was recruited 285 participants from February 2020 to April 2020 in 17 hospitals in Sichuan Province. Cognitive function, variables indicative of the virus infection itself, and psychosocial variables were collected by telephone interview. Univariate logistic regression and Lasso logistic regression models were used for variable selection which plugged into a multiple logistics model. Overall prevalence of moderate or severe cognitive impairment was 6.3%. Logistic regression showed that sex, religion, smoking status, occupation, self-perceived severity of illness, sleep quality, perceived mental distress after COVID-19, perceived discrimination from relatives and friends, and suffered abuse were associated with cognitive impairment. The long-term consequences of cognitive function are related to multiple domains, in which psychosocial factors should be taken into consideration.

摘要:COVID-19幸存者抱怨说他们经历过认知障碍,这种障碍也被称为 "脑雾",甚至在康复后也是如此。本研究旨在描述COVID-19幸存者的长期认知变化并确定心理社会因素。一项横断面研究于 2020 年 2 月至 2020 年 4 月在四川省 17 家医院招募了 285 名参与者。通过电话访谈收集了认知功能、病毒感染本身的指标变量和社会心理变量。采用单变量逻辑回归和 Lasso 逻辑回归模型进行变量选择,并将其插入多重物流模型。中度或重度认知障碍的总体患病率为 6.3%。逻辑回归显示,性别、宗教信仰、吸烟状况、职业、自我感觉的疾病严重程度、睡眠质量、COVID-19 后感知到的精神痛苦、感知到的亲友歧视以及遭受虐待与认知功能障碍有关。认知功能的长期后果与多个领域有关,其中应考虑到社会心理因素。
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引用次数: 0
Psychiatric Diagnosis: A Clinical Guide to Navigating Diagnostic Pluralism. 精神病学诊断:诊断多元化的临床指南》(A Clinical Guide to Navigating Diagnostic Pluralism)。
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q3 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.1097/NMD.0000000000001791
Awais Aftab, Konrad Banicki, Mark L Ruffalo, Allen Frances

Abstract: The controversies surrounding the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders and International Classification of Diseases have generated significant debate across the psy-sciences. This debate has been further fueled by the launch of the Research Domain Criteria as a framework to facilitate advances in neuroscientific research, a renewed emphasis on dimensional models of psychopathology, currently exemplified by the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology, and development of the Psychodynamic Diagnostic Manual by the psychodynamic community. In this article, we provide a clinical overview of recent debates surrounding categorical and dimensional approaches to psychiatric diagnosis, offer a critical assessment of proposed alternatives, and discuss how clinicians can navigate a plurality of diagnostic frameworks. Our discussion emphasizes that diagnostic frameworks need to be contextualized within the process of a comprehensive clinical evaluation, and their advantages and disadvantages should be understood in relationship to the theoretical orientations and practical needs of clinicians.

摘要:围绕《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》和《国际疾病分类》的争论在整个心理科学界引起了巨大的反响。作为促进神经科学研究进展的框架,《研究领域标准》(Research Domain Criteria)的推出、目前以《精神病理学层次分类法》(Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology)为代表的对精神病理学维度模型的重新强调,以及精神动力学界对《精神动力学诊断手册》(Psychodynamic Diagnostic Manual)的开发,都进一步加剧了这场争论。在这篇文章中,我们对最近围绕精神病诊断的分类和维度方法的争论进行了临床概述,对提出的替代方法进行了批判性评估,并讨论了临床医生如何驾驭多元化的诊断框架。我们的讨论强调,诊断框架需要在全面的临床评估过程中进行背景分析,并应根据临床医生的理论取向和实际需求来理解它们的优缺点。
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引用次数: 0
Reply to Barbara Schildkraut, MD. 回复医学博士 Barbara Schildkraut。
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q3 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.1097/NMD.0000000000001733
James Phillips, Michael A Norko
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引用次数: 0
The Importance of Knowledge on Dementia Risk Factors in the General Public: A Cross-Sectional Study. 公众对痴呆症风险因素了解的重要性:一项横断面研究。
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q3 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1097/NMD.0000000000001785
Xiangfei Meng, Yueyang Dong, Tianbao Gao, Jianping Su, Yanjie Zhao, Xiangning Zhu, Meng He, Tingmeng Zhang, Jiao Sun

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of knowledge and beliefs on beneficial behaviors and dementia risk scores. A online survey was conducted among Chinese community residents over 18 years old. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify the impact of knowledge and beliefs on dementia risk scores and beneficial behaviors. The respondents were 760 adults (mean age = 47.6 years, 60.8% female). Knowledge and beliefs were associated with cognitive activities (knowledge, odds ratio [OR] = 1.04; beliefs, OR = 1.17) and dementia risk scores (knowledge, OR = 0.95; beliefs, OR = 0.82). Additionally, lower perceived susceptibility (OR = 1.68; 95% CI, 1.04 to 2.72) and higher perceived benefits (OR = 0.68; 95% CI, 0.57 to 0.80) were associated with lower dementia risk scores. Knowledge and beliefs can promote beneficial behaviors and reduce dementia risk. In particular, perceptions of dementia susceptibility and benefits should be enhanced, which will greatly reduce dementia risk in the general public.

摘要:本研究旨在确定知识和信念对有益行为和痴呆风险评分的影响。研究对 18 岁以上的华人社区居民进行了在线调查。采用多变量逻辑回归法来确定知识和信念对痴呆症风险评分和有益行为的影响。受访者为 760 名成年人(平均年龄为 47.6 岁,60.8% 为女性)。知识和信念与认知活动(知识,几率比 [OR] = 1.04;信念,几率比 = 1.17)和痴呆症风险评分(知识,几率比 = 0.95;信念,几率比 = 0.82)相关。此外,较低的感知易感性(OR = 1.68;95% CI,1.04 至 2.72)和较高的感知益处(OR = 0.68;95% CI,0.57 至 0.80)与较低的痴呆症风险评分相关。知识和信念可以促进有益的行为并降低痴呆症风险。特别是,应加强对痴呆症易感性和益处的认知,这将大大降低大众患痴呆症的风险。
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引用次数: 0
Randomized Controlled Trial Evaluating the Effectiveness of a Direct-to-Consumer Marketing Video About Patients' Right to Evidence-Based Mental Health Care. 随机对照试验:评估关于患者有权获得循证心理健康护理的直面消费者营销视频的效果》(Randomized Controlled Trial Evaluating the Effectiveness of a Direct-to-Consumer Marketing Video concerning Patients's Right to Evidence-Based Mental Health Care)。
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q3 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-15 DOI: 10.1097/NMD.0000000000001786
Alexandra L Silverman, Alexandra Werntz, Casey Schofield, Mitchell J Prinstein, Dean McKay, Bethany A Teachman

Abstract: This study evaluated the impact of a direct-to-consumer (DTC) marketing video designed to educate the public about patients' rights to evidence-based mental health care (EBMHC). Participants ( N = 632) were randomly assigned to an active DTC video condition, a control video condition, or a control condition without a video. Participants who watched the DTC video ( vs . both control conditions) had significantly greater knowledge of patients' rights to EBMHC. Further, individuals who watched the DTC ( vs . control) video reported significantly greater comfort with accessing care and perceived their assigned video as significantly more culturally sensitive. However, participants who watched the DTC video were not significantly different from both control conditions on self-report measures of self-efficacy in working with a provider, likelihood of asking a provider about one's rights, treatment-seeking intentions, and self-stigma. Findings suggest the potential for a DTC video to promote knowledge of EBMHC, though its impact on help-seeking perceptions and intentions was less promising.

摘要:本研究评估了直接面向消费者(DTC)的营销视频的影响,该视频旨在向公众宣传患者享有循证心理保健(EBMHC)的权利。参与者(632 人)被随机分配到积极的 DTC 视频条件、对照视频条件或无视频的对照条件中。观看了 DTC 视频的参与者(与两个对照条件相比)对患者享有 EBMHC 权利的了解程度明显提高。此外,观看了 DTC(与对照组)视频的人对获得护理的舒适度明显提高,并认为其指定视频的文化敏感度明显提高。然而,在与医疗服务提供者合作的自我效能、向医疗服务提供者询问自身权利的可能性、寻求治疗的意愿以及自我耻辱感等自我报告指标上,观看 DTC 视频的参与者与对照组相比并无明显差异。研究结果表明,尽管 DTC 视频对寻求帮助的看法和意向的影响不太乐观,但它有可能促进人们对 EBMHC 的了解。
{"title":"Randomized Controlled Trial Evaluating the Effectiveness of a Direct-to-Consumer Marketing Video About Patients' Right to Evidence-Based Mental Health Care.","authors":"Alexandra L Silverman, Alexandra Werntz, Casey Schofield, Mitchell J Prinstein, Dean McKay, Bethany A Teachman","doi":"10.1097/NMD.0000000000001786","DOIUrl":"10.1097/NMD.0000000000001786","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>This study evaluated the impact of a direct-to-consumer (DTC) marketing video designed to educate the public about patients' rights to evidence-based mental health care (EBMHC). Participants ( N = 632) were randomly assigned to an active DTC video condition, a control video condition, or a control condition without a video. Participants who watched the DTC video ( vs . both control conditions) had significantly greater knowledge of patients' rights to EBMHC. Further, individuals who watched the DTC ( vs . control) video reported significantly greater comfort with accessing care and perceived their assigned video as significantly more culturally sensitive. However, participants who watched the DTC video were not significantly different from both control conditions on self-report measures of self-efficacy in working with a provider, likelihood of asking a provider about one's rights, treatment-seeking intentions, and self-stigma. Findings suggest the potential for a DTC video to promote knowledge of EBMHC, though its impact on help-seeking perceptions and intentions was less promising.</p>","PeriodicalId":16480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease","volume":" ","pages":"419-429"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141620143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Sexual Disorders in Men: The Main Factors of Occurrence and Their Correction. 男性性功能障碍:发生的主要因素及其纠正。
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q3 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1097/NMD.0000000000001787
Liana Spytska

Abstract: The aim is to identify the causes of physical and emotional health disorders in men in terms of intimate interaction with partners, as well as how they can be prevented. The research used comparison, analysis, statistical methods, and surveys. The need for people to discover and study sexual health issues in the modern world in order to support not only the physical, but also the psychological aspects of their body, as well as the impact of lifestyle on this process, is shown. The research was conducted to better understand all diseases that are based on the deterioration of the psycho-emotional state of men, which leads to sexual disorders. A more detailed study of this topic will allow to better select treatment for patients and find different approaches to the problem in the future.

摘要:目的是从与伴侣的亲密互动方面找出导致男性生理和情感健康失调的原因,以及如何预防这些失调。研究采用了对比、分析、统计和调查等方法。研究表明,在现代社会中,人们需要发现和研究性健康问题,以便不仅从生理上,而且从心理上支持自己的身体,以及生活方式对这一过程的影响。开展这项研究是为了更好地了解所有基于男性心理情感状态恶化而导致性障碍的疾病。对这一课题进行更详细的研究将有助于更好地为患者选择治疗方法,并在未来找到解决这一问题的不同方法。
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引用次数: 0
Can Patients With Narcissistic Personality Disorder Change? A Case Series. 自恋型人格障碍患者能否改变?病例系列。
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q3 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1097/NMD.0000000000001777
Igor Weinberg, Elsa Ronningstam, Caitlin Ravichandran, John G Gunderson

Abstract: The study was set out to establish the potential for psychotherapy to effect improvements in patients with narcissistic personality disorder (NPD). Eight patients with NPD who improved in treatment were identified. Consensus clinician/investigator diagnostic scores from before and after the psychotherapies were retroactively established on the Diagnostic Interview for Narcissism (DIN) and the Diagnostic Statistic Manual for Psychiatric Disorders, 5th Edition (DSM-5) Personality Disorder Section II criteria. Psychosocial functioning (work or school, romantic relationships) before and after the psychotherapies was retroactively evaluated as well. At the completion of the therapies after 2.5 to 5 years, all patients had improved, no longer met DIN or DSM-5 criteria for NPD, and showed better psychosocial functioning. Symptomatic improvements were associated with large effect sizes. In conclusion, changes in NPD can occur in treatment after 2.5 to 5 years. Future research should identify patient characteristics, interventions, and common processes in such improved cases that could help with development of treatments.

摘要:这项研究旨在确定心理疗法对自恋型人格障碍(NPD)患者的潜在改善效果。研究确定了八名在治疗中有所改善的 NPD 患者。根据自恋诊断访谈(DIN)和《精神障碍诊断统计手册》第五版(DSM-5)人格障碍第二部分标准,对心理治疗前后的临床医生/调查员诊断评分进行了追溯。此外,还对心理治疗前后的社会心理功能(工作或学习、恋爱关系)进行了追溯评估。在 2.5 至 5 年的治疗结束后,所有患者的病情都有所改善,不再符合 DIN 或 DSM-5 NPD 标准,社会心理功能也有所改善。症状的改善与较大的效应大小有关。总之,经过 2.5 至 5 年的治疗,NPD 可以发生变化。未来的研究应确定患者的特征、干预措施以及此类改善病例的共同过程,这将有助于治疗方法的开发。
{"title":"Can Patients With Narcissistic Personality Disorder Change? A Case Series.","authors":"Igor Weinberg, Elsa Ronningstam, Caitlin Ravichandran, John G Gunderson","doi":"10.1097/NMD.0000000000001777","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/NMD.0000000000001777","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>The study was set out to establish the potential for psychotherapy to effect improvements in patients with narcissistic personality disorder (NPD). Eight patients with NPD who improved in treatment were identified. Consensus clinician/investigator diagnostic scores from before and after the psychotherapies were retroactively established on the Diagnostic Interview for Narcissism (DIN) and the Diagnostic Statistic Manual for Psychiatric Disorders, 5th Edition (DSM-5) Personality Disorder Section II criteria. Psychosocial functioning (work or school, romantic relationships) before and after the psychotherapies was retroactively evaluated as well. At the completion of the therapies after 2.5 to 5 years, all patients had improved, no longer met DIN or DSM-5 criteria for NPD, and showed better psychosocial functioning. Symptomatic improvements were associated with large effect sizes. In conclusion, changes in NPD can occur in treatment after 2.5 to 5 years. Future research should identify patient characteristics, interventions, and common processes in such improved cases that could help with development of treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":16480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease","volume":"212 7","pages":"392-397"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141468710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Campbell's 1953 Book on "Manic-Depressive Disease": A Counter-Factual History of the DSM Symptomatic "A Criteria" for Major Depression. 坎贝尔 1953 年关于 "躁狂抑郁症 "的著作:DSM 重度抑郁症症状 "A 标准 "的反事实史。
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q3 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1097/NMD.0000000000001778
Kenneth S Kendler

Abstract: The DSM-III symptomatic criteria for major depression (MD) were derived from those proposed by Feighner and colleagues in 1972, which closely resembled those published by Cassidy in 1957. I here present a counter-factual history in which Feighner carefully read a key reference in Cassidy, a large 1953 follow-up study by Campbell of depressed patients with detailed tables of depressive signs and symptoms. In this alternative timeline, the Feighner criteria for MD were modified by Campbell's results, which then changed DSM-III and subsequent MD criteria sets. The historical pathway to the current DSM MD criteria was contingent on a range of historical events and could easily have been different. This story is not meant to criticize DSM MD criteria that perform well. Rather, it suggests that these criteria represent a useful but fallible set of symptoms/signs that index but do not constitute MD and therefore are not to be reified.

摘要:DSM-III 重度抑郁症(MD)的症状标准源自费格纳及其同事于 1972 年提出的标准,这些标准与卡西迪于 1957 年发表的标准非常相似。我在此提出一个反事实的历史,在这个历史中,费格纳仔细阅读了卡西迪的一个关键参考文献,即坎贝尔在 1953 年对抑郁症患者进行的一项大型随访研究,其中包含详细的抑郁症体征和症状表格。在这一替代时间线中,费格纳的抑郁症标准根据坎贝尔的研究结果进行了修改,从而改变了 DSM-III 及其后的抑郁症标准集。通往当前 DSM MD 标准的历史路径取决于一系列历史事件,很容易出现不同的情况。这个故事并不是要批评表现良好的 DSM MD 标准。相反,它表明这些标准代表了一套有用但易错的症状/体征,这些症状/体征可作为 MD 的指标,但并不构成 MD,因此不应被重新定义。
{"title":"Campbell's 1953 Book on \"Manic-Depressive Disease\": A Counter-Factual History of the DSM Symptomatic \"A Criteria\" for Major Depression.","authors":"Kenneth S Kendler","doi":"10.1097/NMD.0000000000001778","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/NMD.0000000000001778","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>The DSM-III symptomatic criteria for major depression (MD) were derived from those proposed by Feighner and colleagues in 1972, which closely resembled those published by Cassidy in 1957. I here present a counter-factual history in which Feighner carefully read a key reference in Cassidy, a large 1953 follow-up study by Campbell of depressed patients with detailed tables of depressive signs and symptoms. In this alternative timeline, the Feighner criteria for MD were modified by Campbell's results, which then changed DSM-III and subsequent MD criteria sets. The historical pathway to the current DSM MD criteria was contingent on a range of historical events and could easily have been different. This story is not meant to criticize DSM MD criteria that perform well. Rather, it suggests that these criteria represent a useful but fallible set of symptoms/signs that index but do not constitute MD and therefore are not to be reified.</p>","PeriodicalId":16480,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease","volume":"212 7","pages":"398-402"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141468709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease
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