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The effect of the combined addition of copper, lithium and sulphur on the formation of Portland cement clinker 铜、锂和硫的联合添加对波特兰水泥熟料形成的影响。
IF 2 4区 工程技术 Q3 MICROSCOPY Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.1111/jmi.13293
Theodor Staněk, Alexandra Rybová, Martin Boháč, Eva Bartoníčková, Jakub Palovčík

Both copper and lithium act as strong fluxes and lower the temperature of the clinker melt formation. Sulphur promotes the stabilisation of more hydraulically active modification of alite M1. It is expected that this combination could produce an alite clinker at significantly lower temperatures with high quality technological parameters. In this paper, the effect of combined oxides of copper, lithium and sulphur addition on the phase composition and clinker structure of Portland cement was investigated. The reference raw meal was prepared from common cement raw materials. Each of the mentioned oxides was added to the reference raw meal in two different concentrations, and 8 combinations were prepared. Chemically pure compounds (NH4)2SO4, CuO and Li2CO3 were used as a source of these oxides. The raw meals were burned to equilibrium at 1450°C. Their phase composition was determined by X-ray diffraction analysis, the microstructure was monitored by optical microscopy, and the microchemistry of the clinker phases was observed by electron microscopy with EDS analysis. It was found that in samples with high lithium or copper content, there is an increase in belite and free lime at the expense of alite. The combination of Cu + Li has the most negative effect, followed by Li alone and Cu alone. The higher SO3 content slightly offsets this negative effect.

铜和锂都是强助熔剂,可降低熟料熔体形成的温度。硫能促进水力活性更强的明矾石 M1 改性的稳定。预计这种组合可在显著降低温度的情况下生产出具有高质量技术参数的明矾石熟料。本文研究了铜、锂和硫的组合氧化物添加对波特兰水泥相组成和熟料结构的影响。参考生料由普通水泥原料制备而成。上述每种氧化物以两种不同的浓度添加到参考生料中,共制备了 8 种组合。化学纯化合物 (NH4)2SO4、CuO 和 Li2CO3 被用作这些氧化物的来源。生料在 1450°C 煅烧至平衡。生料的相组成通过 X 射线衍射分析确定,微观结构通过光学显微镜监测,熟料相的微观化学性质通过电子显微镜和 EDS 分析观察。研究发现,在锂或铜含量较高的样品中,白云石和游离石灰增加,而白云石则减少。铜+锂的组合产生的负面影响最大,其次是单独的锂和单独的铜。较高的 SO3 含量稍微抵消了这种负面影响。
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引用次数: 0
Fluorescence microscopic investigation of PCE superplasticiser adsorption in calcined clay blended cement 煅烧粘土混合水泥中 PCE 超塑化剂吸附的荧光显微镜研究。
IF 2 4区 工程技术 Q3 MICROSCOPY Pub Date : 2024-03-31 DOI: 10.1111/jmi.13294
D. Kosenko, A. Wetzel, B. Middendorf

Global efforts to minimise carbon dioxide emissions are also leading to attempts to use calcined clays (CC) as a partial substitute for cement in concrete. While the hydration mechanism of such CC blended cements is now well understood, the range of effective admixtures like polycarboxylate ethers (PCE) is limited. There are PCE types that promise relatively high effectiveness, but the mechanisms of action are not yet sufficiently understood. For a detailed understanding of the adsorption of such PCEs, spatially resolved studies of the binder were performed using a combination of fluorescence and scanning electron microscopy. In a comparison of two superplasticisers, the investigations have shown different sites of preferred adsorption in a CC blended system and the results can be correlated with flow tests and setting behaviour. The investigations have shown that a certain PCE type has a higher adsorption on CC and other components of a blended system in comparison to other types.

全球为尽量减少二氧化碳排放所做的努力也促使人们尝试在混凝土中使用煅烧粘土(CC)作为水泥的部分替代品。虽然现在人们对这种 CC 混合水泥的水化机理有了很好的了解,但像聚羧酸醚(PCE)这样的有效外加剂的范围却很有限。有些类型的聚羧酸醚具有相对较高的功效,但其作用机理尚未得到充分了解。为了详细了解此类聚羧酸醚的吸附情况,我们结合荧光和扫描电子显微镜对粘合剂进行了空间分辨研究。通过对两种超塑化剂的比较,研究显示了 CC 混合体系中不同的优先吸附位点,研究结果可与流动试验和凝固行为相关联。研究表明,与其他类型的 PCE 相比,某种类型的 PCE 对 CC 和混合体系中的其他成分具有更高的吸附性。
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引用次数: 0
Creating and troubleshooting microscopy analysis workflows: Common challenges and common solutions 创建显微镜分析工作流程并排除故障:常见挑战和常见解决方案。
IF 1.5 4区 工程技术 Q3 MICROSCOPY Pub Date : 2024-03-27 DOI: 10.1111/jmi.13288
Beth A Cimini

As microscopy diversifies and becomes ever more complex, the problem of quantification of microscopy images has emerged as a major roadblock for many researchers. All researchers must face certain challenges in turning microscopy images into answers, independent of their scientific question and the images they have generated. Challenges may arise at many stages throughout the analysis process, including handling of the image files, image pre-processing, object finding, or measurement, and statistical analysis. While the exact solution required for each obstacle will be problem-specific, by keeping analysis in mind, optimizing data quality, understanding tools and tradeoffs, breaking workflows and data sets into chunks, talking to experts, and thoroughly documenting what has been done, analysts at any experience level can learn to overcome these challenges and create better and easier image analyses.

随着显微技术的多样化和日益复杂化,显微图像的量化问题已成为许多研究人员的主要障碍。所有研究人员在将显微图像转化为答案的过程中都必须面对某些挑战,这些挑战与他们的科学问题和所生成的图像无关。挑战可能出现在整个分析过程的许多阶段,包括处理图像文件、图像预处理、对象查找或测量以及统计分析。虽然每个障碍所需的确切解决方案都是针对具体问题的,但通过牢记分析、优化数据质量、了解工具和权衡、将工作流程和数据集分解成块、与专家交流以及彻底记录所做的工作,任何经验水平的分析师都可以学会克服这些挑战,并创建更好、更简单的图像分析。
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引用次数: 0
Investigation of the interface of fungal mycelium composite building materials by means of low-vacuum scanning electron microscopy 利用低真空扫描电子显微镜研究真菌菌丝复合建筑材料的界面。
IF 2 4区 工程技术 Q3 MICROSCOPY Pub Date : 2024-03-21 DOI: 10.1111/jmi.13292
Christian Lehmann, Bertram Schmidt, Dietmar Stephan, Vera Meyer

Low-vacuum scanning electron microscopy (low-vacuum SEM) is widely used for different applications, such as the investigation of noncoated specimen or the observation of biological materials, which are not stable to high vacuum. In this study, the combination of mineral building materials (concrete or clay plaster) with a biological composite (fungal mycelium composite) by using low-vacuum SEM was investigated.

Fungal biotechnology is increasingly gaining prominence in addressing the challenges of sustainability transformation. The construction industry is one of the biggest contributors to the climate crises and, therefore, can highly profit from applications based on regenerative fungal materials. In this work, a fungal mycelium composite is used as alternative to conventional insulating materials like Styrofoam. However, to adapt bio-based products to the construction industry, investigations, optimisations and adaptations to existing solutions are needed. This paper examines the compatibility between fungal mycelium materials with mineral-based materials to demonstrate basic feasibility. For this purpose, fresh and hardened concrete specimens as well as clay plaster samples are combined with growing mycelium from the tinder fungus Fomes fomentarius. The contact zone between the mycelium composite and the mineral building materials is examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

The combination of these materials proves to be feasible in general. The use of hardened concrete or clay with living mycelium composite appears to be the favoured variant, as the hyphae can grow into the surface of the building material and thus a layered structure with a stable connection is formed.

In order to work with the combination of low-density organic materials and higher-density inorganic materials simultaneously, low-vacuum SEM offers a suitable method to deliver results with reduced effort in preparation while maintaining high capture and magnification quality. Not only are image recordings possible with SE and BSE, but EDX measurements can also be carried out quickly without the influence of a coating. Depending on the signal used, as well as the magnification, image-recording strategies must be adapted. Especially when using SE, an image-integration method was used to reduce the build-up of point charges from the electron beam, which damages the mycelial hyphae. Additionally using different signals during image capture is recommended to confirm acquired information, avoiding misinterpretations.

低真空扫描电子显微镜(low-vacuum SEM)被广泛应用于不同领域,如研究非涂层试样或观察对高真空不稳定的生物材料。本研究利用低真空扫描电镜研究了矿物建筑材料(混凝土或粘土抹灰)与生物复合材料(真菌菌丝复合材料)的结合。真菌生物技术在应对可持续发展转型的挑战方面日益突出。建筑业是造成气候危机的最大因素之一,因此可以从基于再生真菌材料的应用中获益匪浅。在这项工作中,真菌菌丝复合材料被用来替代发泡胶等传统绝缘材料。然而,要将生物基产品应用于建筑行业,还需要对现有解决方案进行调查、优化和调整。本文研究了真菌菌丝体材料与矿物基材料之间的兼容性,以证明其基本可行性。为此,将新鲜和硬化的混凝土试样以及粘土灰泥样品与煤渣真菌 Fomes fomentarius 生长的菌丝结合在一起。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)检查了菌丝复合体与矿物建筑材料之间的接触区域。事实证明,这些材料的组合总体上是可行的。硬化混凝土或粘土与活菌丝复合体的使用似乎是最受欢迎的变体,因为菌丝可以长到建筑材料的表面,从而形成具有稳定连接的分层结构。为了同时处理低密度有机材料和高密度无机材料的组合,低真空扫描电子显微镜提供了一种合适的方法,在保持高捕捉和放大质量的同时,减少了准备工作的工作量。不仅可以使用 SE 和 BSE 进行图像记录,还可以在不受涂层影响的情况下快速进行 EDX 测量。根据所使用的信号和放大率,必须调整图像记录策略。特别是在使用 SE 时,需要使用图像整合方法来减少电子束产生的点电荷,因为点电荷会损坏菌丝菌丝。此外,建议在图像捕捉过程中使用不同的信号来确认获取的信息,避免误读。
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引用次数: 0
Microscopic investigation of the optical and morphological properties of iPP/TiO2 nanocomposite fibres using computed tomography technique 利用计算机断层扫描技术对 iPP/TiO2 纳米复合纤维的光学和形态特性进行微观研究。
IF 1.5 4区 工程技术 Q3 MICROSCOPY Pub Date : 2024-03-15 DOI: 10.1111/jmi.13291
Mohammed A. El-Bakary, Taha Z. N. Sokkar, Naef. A. Al-Kalali, Mohammed I. Raslan

In this article, the optical and structural properties of iPP/TiO2 nanocomposite fibres, considering three distinct extrusion speeds (25, 50 and 78 m/min) in addition to blank isotactic polypropylene samples were determined. Employing computed tomographic scans, localised optical defects in the nanocomposite fibres are unveiled, while refractive indices are examined by analysing transmitted intensity with incident light vibrating parallel and perpendicular to the fibre axis. The internal structure is further characterised through birefringence and density calculations. Mechanical properties, specifically stiffness, are probed by measuring elastic modulus values along the fibre. The investigation extends to the presence of TiO2 nanoparticles in the isotactic polypropylene matrix, inspecting their influence on the uniform morphology along and across the fibre. While the addition of TiO2 nanoparticles has many advantages, including enhanced properties, the study shows adverse effects on the morphological integrity of the fibres, particularly at higher extrusion rates. Micrographs are included to visually illustrate these findings, providing a comprehensive understanding of the complex interaction between extrusion rates, TiO2 nanoparticle incorporation, and the resulting optical and structural properties in iPP fibres.

本文测定了 iPP/TiO2 纳米复合纤维的光学和结构特性,并考虑了三种不同的挤出速度(25、50 和 78 米/分钟),以及空白的异根聚丙烯样品。通过计算机断层扫描,揭示了纳米复合纤维中的局部光学缺陷,同时通过分析平行和垂直于纤维轴振动的入射光的透射强度,检测了折射率。通过双折射和密度计算,进一步确定了内部结构的特征。通过测量纤维沿线的弹性模量值,对机械特性(尤其是刚度)进行了探测。研究还扩展到异方根聚丙烯基体中二氧化钛纳米粒子的存在,检查它们对纤维沿线和横向均匀形态的影响。虽然添加 TiO2 纳米粒子有许多优点,包括可增强性能,但研究显示其对纤维的形态完整性有不利影响,尤其是在挤出率较高的情况下。研究中的显微照片直观地说明了这些发现,让人们全面了解了挤出率、TiO2 纳米粒子的加入以及 iPP 纤维的光学和结构特性之间复杂的相互作用。
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引用次数: 0
Measuring coefficient of thermal expansion of materials of micrometre size using SEM/FIB microscope with in situ MEMS heating stage 使用带有原位 MEMS 加热平台的 SEM/FIB 显微镜测量微米级材料的热膨胀系数。
IF 1.5 4区 工程技术 Q3 MICROSCOPY Pub Date : 2024-03-14 DOI: 10.1111/jmi.13290
Stuart Robertson, Andrew McClintock, Kenny Jolley, Han Zhou, Sam Davis, Houzheng Wu, Changqing Liu, Scott Doak, Zhaoxia Zhou

A new method is proposed to measure the linear coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of solid metals and ceramics of micron-sized dimensions. This approach uses a focused ion beam (FIB) to extract and transfer a slab of the sample, typically (15–20) ×10 × (3–5) µm onto a Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) in situ heating holder inside a scanning electron microscope (SEM). CTE is thereafter calculated by image correlating the change of length (ΔL) between the fiducial marks on the slab as a function of temperature, taking advantage of the temperature calibration of the MEMS heating holder and nanometre resolution of the scanning electron microscope. The CTE results are validated to be consistent with standard copper and silicon. We further demonstrate the method on a graphene platelet reinforced copper composite and a graphite filler phase isolated from a bulk sample, these represent materials that cannot be practically synthesised or isolated at the macro-scale. Errors associated with the measurement are discussed.

本文提出了一种测量微米尺寸固体金属和陶瓷线性热膨胀系数 (CTE) 的新方法。这种方法使用聚焦离子束(FIB)提取样品,并将其转移到扫描电子显微镜(SEM)内的微机电系统(MEMS)原位加热支架上,样品板的尺寸通常为(15-20)×10×(3-5)微米。之后,利用 MEMS 加热支架的温度校准和扫描电子显微镜的纳米分辨率,通过图像关联计算板坯上靶标之间的长度变化(ΔL)与温度的函数关系,从而计算出 CTE。经验证,CTE 结果与标准铜和硅一致。我们还在石墨烯平板增强铜复合材料和从大块样品中分离出的石墨填充相上进一步演示了该方法,这些材料代表了无法在宏观尺度上实际合成或分离的材料。我们还讨论了与测量有关的误差。
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引用次数: 0
Imaging plant cell walls using fluorescent stains: The beauty is in the details 使用荧光染色剂对植物细胞壁进行成像:细节决定成败
IF 1.5 4区 工程技术 Q3 MICROSCOPY Pub Date : 2024-03-13 DOI: 10.1111/jmi.13289
Luca Piccinini, Fabien Nirina Ramamonjy, Robertas Ursache
<p>Plants continuously face various environmental stressors throughout their lifetime. To be able to grow and adapt in different environments, they developed specialized tissues that allowed them to maintain a protected yet interconnected body. These tissues undergo specific primary and secondary cell wall modifications that are essential to ensure normal plant growth, adaptation and successful land colonization. The composition of cell walls can vary among different plant species, organs and tissues. The ability to remodel their cell walls is fundamental for plants to be able to cope with multiple biotic and abiotic stressors. A better understanding of the changes taking place in plant cell walls may help identify and develop new strategies as well as tools to enhance plants’ survival under environmental stresses or prevent pathogen attack. Since the invention of microscopy, numerous imaging techniques have been developed to determine the composition and dynamics of plant cell walls during normal growth and in response to environmental stimuli. In this review, we discuss the main advances in imaging plant cell walls, with a particular focus on fluorescent stains for different cell wall components and their compatibility with tissue clearing techniques.</p><p><b>Lay Description</b>: Plants are continuously subjected to various environmental stresses during their lifespan. They evolved specialized tissues that thrive in different environments, enabling them to maintain a protected yet interconnected body. Such tissues undergo distinct primary and secondary cell wall alterations essential to normal plant growth, their adaptability and successful land colonization. Cell wall composition may differ among various plant species, organs and even tissues. To deal with various biotic and abiotic stresses, plants must have the capacity to remodel their cell walls. Gaining insight into changes that take place in plant cell walls will help identify and create novel tools and strategies to improve plants’ ability to withstand environmental challenges. Multiple imaging techniques have been developed since the introduction of microscopy to analyse the composition and dynamics of plant cell walls during growth and in response to environmental changes. Advancements in plant tissue cleaning procedures and their compatibility with cell wall stains have significantly enhanced our ability to perform high-resolution cell wall imaging. At the same time, several factors influence the effectiveness of cleaning and staining plant specimens, as well as the time necessary for the process, including the specimen's size, thickness, tissue complexity and the presence of autofluorescence. In this review, we will discuss the major advances in imaging plant cell walls, with a particular emphasis on fluorescent stains for diverse cell wall components and their compatibility with tissue clearing techniques. We hope that this review will assist readers in selecting the most appropri
植物在一生中不断面临各种环境压力。为了能够在不同的环境中生长和适应,它们发展出了专门的组织,使它们能够保持一个受到保护但又相互连接的身体。这些组织经过特定的初级和次级细胞壁改造,对确保植物正常生长、适应环境和成功登陆陆地至关重要。不同植物物种、器官和组织的细胞壁组成可能各不相同。重塑细胞壁的能力是植物应对多种生物和非生物压力的基础。更好地了解植物细胞壁发生的变化有助于确定和开发新的策略和工具,以提高植物在环境压力下的生存能力或防止病原体的侵袭。自显微镜发明以来,已开发出多种成像技术来确定植物细胞壁在正常生长过程中以及在环境刺激下的组成和动态变化。在这篇综述中,我们将讨论植物细胞壁成像的主要进展,尤其关注不同细胞壁成分的荧光染色及其与组织清除技术的兼容性。平铺描述:植物在其生命周期中不断受到各种环境压力的影响。它们进化出了能在不同环境中茁壮成长的特化组织,使它们能够维持一个受到保护但又相互连接的身体。这些组织会发生不同的原生和次生细胞壁变化,这对植物的正常生长、适应性和成功的陆地殖民至关重要。不同的植物物种、器官甚至组织的细胞壁组成可能不同。为了应对各种生物和非生物压力,植物必须具备重塑细胞壁的能力。深入了解植物细胞壁发生的变化将有助于识别和创造新型工具和策略,提高植物抵御环境挑战的能力。自显微镜问世以来,已开发出多种成像技术,用于分析植物细胞壁在生长过程中以及在应对环境变化时的组成和动态变化。植物组织清洗程序及其与细胞壁染色剂的兼容性方面的进步大大提高了我们进行高分辨率细胞壁成像的能力。与此同时,有几个因素会影响植物标本清洗和染色的效果以及整个过程所需的时间,包括标本的大小、厚度、组织的复杂性以及是否存在自发荧光。在这篇综述中,我们将讨论植物细胞壁成像的主要进展,特别强调不同细胞壁成分的荧光染色及其与组织清理技术的兼容性。我们希望这篇综述能帮助读者选择最合适的染色剂或染色剂组合,以突出感兴趣的特定细胞壁成分。
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引用次数: 0
TOC - Issue Information TOC - 发行信息
IF 2 4区 工程技术 Q3 MICROSCOPY Pub Date : 2024-03-09 DOI: 10.1111/jmi.13197
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引用次数: 0
Paste, aggregate, or air? That is the question 浆糊、骨料还是空气?这就是问题所在。
IF 2 4区 工程技术 Q3 MICROSCOPY Pub Date : 2024-03-07 DOI: 10.1111/jmi.13286
Ekaterina Ossetchkina, Oleksiy Chernoloz, Lucas Herzog Bromerchenkel, Mahzabin Karim, Liam MacHale, Amy Montgomery, Yuqi Hu, Karl Peterson

The Ambassador Bridge between Detroit, Michigan, and Windsor, Ontario, has served for almost 100 years as North America's busiest international border crossing. But in 2025, the Ambassador will be replaced by the new Gordie Howe International Bridge. The Gordie Howe is a cable-stayed bridge, with two massive 220 m tall concrete piers on opposite banks of the St. Claire River, a single clear span of 853 m, and 42 m of clearance over this busy waterway. To ensure durability in this harsh freeze-thaw environment, air-entrained concrete is specified throughout. And, to ensure the quality of air entrainment, the ASTM C 457 Procedure C, Contrast Enhanced Method is employed. While a similar automated microscopic approach has been in use for well over a decade according to EN 480-11 Determination of air void characteristics in hardened concrete, this is the first large-scale application of automated air void assessment in North American infrastructure. According to the ASTM Procedure C, the air void characteristics are determined through digital image processing, while the paste content may be determined by either mix design parameters, manual point count, or ‘other means’. Of these three options, point counting is used for Gordie Howe; but in parallel, during each point count, the digital image coordinates and phase identifications for each evaluated stop are recorded. This allows for training of a neural network, for automated determination of paste content, as demonstrated here.

密歇根州底特律市和安大略省温莎市之间的大使大桥作为北美最繁忙的国际边境口岸已有近 100 年的历史。但在 2025 年,大使大桥将被新的戈迪-豪国际大桥取代。戈迪-豪大桥是一座斜拉桥,在圣克莱尔河对岸有两个 220 米高的巨大混凝土桥墩,单跨净跨度为 853 米,在这条繁忙水道上的净空高度为 42 米。为了确保在这种严酷的冻融环境中的耐久性,整个工程都采用了气凝混凝土。此外,为确保引气的质量,还采用了 ASTM C 457 程序 C、对比增强法。虽然类似的自动显微方法已根据 EN 480-11 《硬化混凝土中气隙特性的测定》使用了十多年,但这是自动气隙评估在北美基础设施中的首次大规模应用。根据 ASTM 程序 C,气隙特征是通过数字图像处理确定的,而浆体含量可通过混合设计参数、人工点数或 "其他方法 "确定。在这三种方法中,戈尔迪-豪采用的是点计数法;但与此同时,在每次点计数过程中,都会记录下每个评估站的数字图像坐标和相位识别。这样就可以对神经网络进行训练,从而自动确定粘贴内容,如本文所示。
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引用次数: 0
Cements and concretes materials characterisation using machine-learning-based reconstruction and 3D quantitative mineralogy via X-ray microscopy 利用基于机器学习的重建和 X 射线显微镜三维定量矿物学分析水泥和混凝土材料特性。
IF 2 4区 工程技术 Q3 MICROSCOPY Pub Date : 2024-03-07 DOI: 10.1111/jmi.13278
Ria L. Mitchell, Andy Holwell, Giacomo Torelli, John Provis, Kajanan Selvaranjan, Dan Geddes, Antonia Yorkshire, Sarah Kearney

3D imaging via X-ray microscopy (XRM), a form of tomography, is revolutionising materials characterisation. Nondestructive imaging to classify grains, particles, interfaces and pores at various scales is imperative for our understanding of the composition, structure, and failure of building materials. Various workflows now exist to maximise data collection and to push the boundaries of what has been achieved before, either from singular instruments, software or combinations through multimodal correlative microscopy. An evolving area on interest is the XRM data acquisition and data processing workflow; of particular importance is the improvement of the data acquisition process of samples that are challenging to image, usually because of their size, density (atomic number) and/or the resolution they need to be imaged at. Modern advances include deep/machine learning and AI resolutions for this problem, which address artefact detection during data reconstruction, provide advanced denoising, improved quantification of features, upscaling of data/images, and increased throughput, with the goal to enhance segmentation and visualisation during postprocessing leading to better characterisation of samples. Here, we apply three AI and machine-learning-based reconstruction approaches to cements and concretes to assist with image improvement, faster throughput of samples, upscaling of data, and quantitative phase identification in 3D. We show that by applying advanced machine learning reconstruction approaches, it is possible to (i) vastly improve the scan quality and increase throughput of ‘thick’ cores of cements/concretes through enhanced contrast and denoising using DeepRecon Pro, (ii) upscale data to larger fields of view using DeepScout and (iii) use quantitative automated mineralogy to spatially characterise and quantify the mineralogical/phase components in 3D using Mineralogic 3D. These approaches significantly improve the quality of collected XRM data, resolve features not previously accessible, and streamline scanning and reconstruction processes for greater throughput.

通过 X 射线显微镜 (XRM) 进行三维成像(一种层析成像技术)正在彻底改变材料表征技术。要了解建筑材料的成分、结构和失效情况,就必须采用无损成像技术对各种尺度的晶粒、颗粒、界面和孔隙进行分类。现在有各种工作流程可以最大限度地收集数据,并通过单个仪器、软件或多模态相关显微镜的组合来突破以前所取得的成就。XRM 数据采集和数据处理工作流程是一个不断发展的关注领域;其中尤为重要的是改进具有成像挑战性的样品的数据采集流程,这通常是因为样品的尺寸、密度(原子序数)和/或需要成像的分辨率。现代技术的进步包括针对这一问题的深度/机器学习和人工智能解决方案,它们可以解决数据重建过程中的伪影检测问题,提供先进的去噪、改进的特征量化、数据/图像的升级和更高的吞吐量,目的是在后处理过程中加强分割和可视化,从而更好地描述样品的特征。在此,我们将三种基于人工智能和机器学习的重构方法应用于水泥和混凝土,以帮助改善图像、提高样品吞吐量、扩大数据规模以及进行三维定量相位识别。我们的研究表明,通过应用先进的机器学习重建方法,可以:(i) 通过使用 DeepRecon Pro 增强对比度和去噪,极大地提高扫描质量,并提高水泥/混凝土 "厚 "岩心的处理量;(ii) 使用 DeepScout 将数据放大到更大的视场;(iii) 使用 Mineralogic 3D 在三维中使用定量自动矿物学对矿物学/相成分进行空间表征和量化。这些方法大大提高了所收集的 XRM 数据的质量,解决了以前无法获得的特征,并简化了扫描和重建流程,提高了吞吐量。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of microscopy
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