Pub Date : 1992-06-01DOI: 10.1109/MWSYM.1992.187989
Z. Chen, M. Ney, W. Hoefer
The TLM (transmission line matrix) method is a numerical technique based on temporal and spatial sampling of electromagnetic fields. As with the FD-TD (finite-difference time-domain) method, the absorbing boundary conditions are needed to truncate computational regions when open structures are simulated. The FD-TD absorbing boundary conditions have been adapted to and implemented in the 3D-TLM symmetrical condensed node model. It is demonstrated that instability may occur due to spurious modes of the 3D-TLM condensed node mesh.<>
{"title":"Study of absorbing boundary conditions in the 3D-TLM symmetrical condensed node model","authors":"Z. Chen, M. Ney, W. Hoefer","doi":"10.1109/MWSYM.1992.187989","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MWSYM.1992.187989","url":null,"abstract":"The TLM (transmission line matrix) method is a numerical technique based on temporal and spatial sampling of electromagnetic fields. As with the FD-TD (finite-difference time-domain) method, the absorbing boundary conditions are needed to truncate computational regions when open structures are simulated. The FD-TD absorbing boundary conditions have been adapted to and implemented in the 3D-TLM symmetrical condensed node model. It is demonstrated that instability may occur due to spurious modes of the 3D-TLM condensed node mesh.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":165665,"journal":{"name":"1992 IEEE Microwave Symposium Digest MTT-S","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114375228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1992-06-01DOI: 10.1109/MWSYM.1992.188061
Zong-Wen Li, W. Menzel
A potentially low-cost realization of a 61-GHz Doppler radar system for speed measurement over the ground is presented. It is based on an inverted strip dielectric waveguide used for both the oscillator/mixer and an antenna. A simple Gunn element serves as transmitter as well as the self-oscillating mixer. A number of tests confirmed its good performance. The test results are presented.<>
{"title":"A 61 GHz Doppler radar using inverted strip dielectric waveguide","authors":"Zong-Wen Li, W. Menzel","doi":"10.1109/MWSYM.1992.188061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MWSYM.1992.188061","url":null,"abstract":"A potentially low-cost realization of a 61-GHz Doppler radar system for speed measurement over the ground is presented. It is based on an inverted strip dielectric waveguide used for both the oscillator/mixer and an antenna. A simple Gunn element serves as transmitter as well as the self-oscillating mixer. A number of tests confirmed its good performance. The test results are presented.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":165665,"journal":{"name":"1992 IEEE Microwave Symposium Digest MTT-S","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114540679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1992-06-01DOI: 10.1109/MWSYM.1992.188314
S. A. Khan, J. Farmer, R. Gutmann, J. Borrego
A microwave probe for measuring the thickness of conducting films has been fabricated and characterized. A difference of up to 20 dB has been demonstrated between the two extrema of very small and infinitely large sheet resistivity for conducting films deposited on Si. Since the return loss will change by this amount as film thickness is increased from zero, simulation results indicate that the probe should be very effective in measuring the thickness of typical adhesion layers/diffusion barriers in VLSI and as an end-point detector in metal etching.<>
{"title":"In situ thickness monitor for conducting films","authors":"S. A. Khan, J. Farmer, R. Gutmann, J. Borrego","doi":"10.1109/MWSYM.1992.188314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MWSYM.1992.188314","url":null,"abstract":"A microwave probe for measuring the thickness of conducting films has been fabricated and characterized. A difference of up to 20 dB has been demonstrated between the two extrema of very small and infinitely large sheet resistivity for conducting films deposited on Si. Since the return loss will change by this amount as film thickness is increased from zero, simulation results indicate that the probe should be very effective in measuring the thickness of typical adhesion layers/diffusion barriers in VLSI and as an end-point detector in metal etching.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":165665,"journal":{"name":"1992 IEEE Microwave Symposium Digest MTT-S","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117050084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1992-06-01DOI: 10.1109/MWSYM.1992.188273
C. Rauscher, K. Williams
Heterodyne reception of a millimeter-wave modulated 1.3- mu m optical carrier signal is achieved with an InP-based HEMT (high-electron-mobility transistor) that performs four simultaneous functions all in one. The functions are carrier demodulation, generation of a local oscillation signal, frequency multiplication thereof, and transistor-internal downconversion of the modulation signal to a lower intermediate frequency band. The measured performance characteristics of the heterodyne receiver are reported together with results derived from a systematic study of optical detection and mixing properties of a HEMT by itself, observed as functions of modulation signal frequencies up through 40 GHz and bias conditions.<>
{"title":"A heterodyne receiver for 40-GHz-modulated 1.3- mu m optical signals using a multi-tasked InP-based HEMT","authors":"C. Rauscher, K. Williams","doi":"10.1109/MWSYM.1992.188273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MWSYM.1992.188273","url":null,"abstract":"Heterodyne reception of a millimeter-wave modulated 1.3- mu m optical carrier signal is achieved with an InP-based HEMT (high-electron-mobility transistor) that performs four simultaneous functions all in one. The functions are carrier demodulation, generation of a local oscillation signal, frequency multiplication thereof, and transistor-internal downconversion of the modulation signal to a lower intermediate frequency band. The measured performance characteristics of the heterodyne receiver are reported together with results derived from a systematic study of optical detection and mixing properties of a HEMT by itself, observed as functions of modulation signal frequencies up through 40 GHz and bias conditions.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":165665,"journal":{"name":"1992 IEEE Microwave Symposium Digest MTT-S","volume":"171 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123102150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1992-06-01DOI: 10.1109/MWSYM.1992.188196
T. Crowe, W. Peatman, P. Wood, Xiaolei Liu
The authors review the basic operation of Schottky mixer elements, and consider the factors that limit the high-frequency performance of these devices. The design process used to achieve the best heterodyne receiver performance is discussed. Recent results with ultra-small Schottky anodes are presented, and conclusions are drawn about the future of Schottky diodes at terahertz frequencies.<>
{"title":"GaAs Schottky barrier diodes for THz applications","authors":"T. Crowe, W. Peatman, P. Wood, Xiaolei Liu","doi":"10.1109/MWSYM.1992.188196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MWSYM.1992.188196","url":null,"abstract":"The authors review the basic operation of Schottky mixer elements, and consider the factors that limit the high-frequency performance of these devices. The design process used to achieve the best heterodyne receiver performance is discussed. Recent results with ultra-small Schottky anodes are presented, and conclusions are drawn about the future of Schottky diodes at terahertz frequencies.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":165665,"journal":{"name":"1992 IEEE Microwave Symposium Digest MTT-S","volume":"130 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123443117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1992-06-01DOI: 10.1109/MWSYM.1992.187988
Xiaowei Zhu, Yi Yuan Chen, Si-fan Li
The authors describe a novel method of controlling the frequency of a W-band subharmonic Gunn oscillator using a laser beam. A maximum optical tuning frequency of 7 MHz has been observed experimentally. A cavity with a silicon piece glued on backshort is analyzed. The complex frequencies of the cavity as a function of plasma densities are obtained.<>
{"title":"W-band optically controlled Gunn subharmonic oscillator","authors":"Xiaowei Zhu, Yi Yuan Chen, Si-fan Li","doi":"10.1109/MWSYM.1992.187988","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MWSYM.1992.187988","url":null,"abstract":"The authors describe a novel method of controlling the frequency of a W-band subharmonic Gunn oscillator using a laser beam. A maximum optical tuning frequency of 7 MHz has been observed experimentally. A cavity with a silicon piece glued on backshort is analyzed. The complex frequencies of the cavity as a function of plasma densities are obtained.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":165665,"journal":{"name":"1992 IEEE Microwave Symposium Digest MTT-S","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123540083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1992-06-01DOI: 10.1109/MWSYM.1992.188299
H. Kuno, T. A. Midford
The authors reviewed the state of the art in millimeter-wave packaging and analyzed its potentials and limitations. Based on the analysis of the requirements and technology development, the following trends can be expected for millimeter-wave packages: (1) packaging at higher levels of integration-the advent of millimeter-wave multichip packages; (2) the substantially increased use of electromagnetic simulation design tools; (3) the introduction of new materials and processes, for example AlN and cofired ceramic techniques; (4) the integration of a considerably higher complexity and multiplicity of electronic functions within the package envelope; and (5) a substantial reduction in the size, weight, and cost of millimeter-wave packages.<>
{"title":"Millimeter-wave packaging","authors":"H. Kuno, T. A. Midford","doi":"10.1109/MWSYM.1992.188299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MWSYM.1992.188299","url":null,"abstract":"The authors reviewed the state of the art in millimeter-wave packaging and analyzed its potentials and limitations. Based on the analysis of the requirements and technology development, the following trends can be expected for millimeter-wave packages: (1) packaging at higher levels of integration-the advent of millimeter-wave multichip packages; (2) the substantially increased use of electromagnetic simulation design tools; (3) the introduction of new materials and processes, for example AlN and cofired ceramic techniques; (4) the integration of a considerably higher complexity and multiplicity of electronic functions within the package envelope; and (5) a substantial reduction in the size, weight, and cost of millimeter-wave packages.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":165665,"journal":{"name":"1992 IEEE Microwave Symposium Digest MTT-S","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123630701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1992-06-01DOI: 10.1109/MWSYM.1992.187949
Y. Qian, E. Yamashita, K. Atsuki
The propagation and dispersion characteristics of picosecond pulses in a suspended coplanar waveguide (SCPW) are presented. An evaluation based on numerical analysis shows that the SCPW can result in an improvement of about five times in pulse transmission capability over conventional CPWs. Pulse propagation along the SCPW is studied by simulations and experiments, both of which show a substantial suppression in pulse distortion. It is concluded that the SCPW should be a promising transmission structure for ultrashort pulses with picosecond and subpicosecond durations.<>
{"title":"Theoretical and experimental evaluation of picosecond pulse propagation in suspended coplanar waveguides","authors":"Y. Qian, E. Yamashita, K. Atsuki","doi":"10.1109/MWSYM.1992.187949","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MWSYM.1992.187949","url":null,"abstract":"The propagation and dispersion characteristics of picosecond pulses in a suspended coplanar waveguide (SCPW) are presented. An evaluation based on numerical analysis shows that the SCPW can result in an improvement of about five times in pulse transmission capability over conventional CPWs. Pulse propagation along the SCPW is studied by simulations and experiments, both of which show a substantial suppression in pulse distortion. It is concluded that the SCPW should be a promising transmission structure for ultrashort pulses with picosecond and subpicosecond durations.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":165665,"journal":{"name":"1992 IEEE Microwave Symposium Digest MTT-S","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123672660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1992-06-01DOI: 10.1109/MWSYM.1992.188206
Chien-Hsun Ho, L. Fan, K. Chang
The design procedure and results for two newly developed hybrid ring couplers using microstrip-coupled slotline rings are presented. The couplers have a wider bandwidth with an excellent power dividing balance and a fairly good isolation compared to the conventional microstrip hybrid ring coupler. The slotline cross-over hybrid ring coupler exhibits greater than 35-dB isolation and a good power dividing balance of +or-0.2 dB over an 80% bandwidth from 1.8 to 4.2 GHz. The experimental results agree very well with the theoretical prediction. With the advantage of allowing easy series or shunt insertion of devices, these couplers are useful in many applications for MICs (microwave ICs) and MMICs (monolithic MICs).<>
{"title":"Ultra wide band slotline hybrid ring couplers","authors":"Chien-Hsun Ho, L. Fan, K. Chang","doi":"10.1109/MWSYM.1992.188206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MWSYM.1992.188206","url":null,"abstract":"The design procedure and results for two newly developed hybrid ring couplers using microstrip-coupled slotline rings are presented. The couplers have a wider bandwidth with an excellent power dividing balance and a fairly good isolation compared to the conventional microstrip hybrid ring coupler. The slotline cross-over hybrid ring coupler exhibits greater than 35-dB isolation and a good power dividing balance of +or-0.2 dB over an 80% bandwidth from 1.8 to 4.2 GHz. The experimental results agree very well with the theoretical prediction. With the advantage of allowing easy series or shunt insertion of devices, these couplers are useful in many applications for MICs (microwave ICs) and MMICs (monolithic MICs).<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":165665,"journal":{"name":"1992 IEEE Microwave Symposium Digest MTT-S","volume":"92 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122875704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1992-06-01DOI: 10.1109/MWSYM.1992.188254
A. Sharma, Huei Wang
Experimental models of several grounded coplanar waveguide discontinuity structures, such as series and shunt inductors and capacitors, have been developed using experimental measurements and computer optimization. The equivalent circuit models have been derived in terms of structural parameters of the discontinuity structures to facilitate their easy use in the design of coplanar MMICs (monolithic microwave integrated circuits). These simple models can be integrated with any simulation program to facilitate their easy use.<>
{"title":"Experimental models of series and shunt elements in coplanar MMICs","authors":"A. Sharma, Huei Wang","doi":"10.1109/MWSYM.1992.188254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MWSYM.1992.188254","url":null,"abstract":"Experimental models of several grounded coplanar waveguide discontinuity structures, such as series and shunt inductors and capacitors, have been developed using experimental measurements and computer optimization. The equivalent circuit models have been derived in terms of structural parameters of the discontinuity structures to facilitate their easy use in the design of coplanar MMICs (monolithic microwave integrated circuits). These simple models can be integrated with any simulation program to facilitate their easy use.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":165665,"journal":{"name":"1992 IEEE Microwave Symposium Digest MTT-S","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123897942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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