Preeclampsia is an obstetric complication with morbidity and mortality that occurs after the 20th week of pregnancy. Cadherins, which play a role in trophoblast development and placentation, are blamed for the pathogenesis of this disease and our aim was to investigate the potential of cadherin-18 level to predict pre-eclampsia.
Methods
In this retrospective case–control study, serum cadherin-18 levels in the early second trimester of pregnancy (between 15 and 20 weeks of gestation) were compared between pregnant women who developed preeclampsia within a 1-year period and healthy pregnant women.
Results
A total of 170 pregnant women were included in the study; 85 of them were diagnosed with preeclampsia and 85 of them constituted the healthy control group. Of the patients diagnosed with preeclampsia, 40 were classified as early-onset and 45 as late-onset preeclampsia. The mean age was 30.8 years in the preeclampsia group and 28.7 years in the control group. Serum cadherin-18 levels were significantly higher in patients with preeclampsia compared to healthy pregnant women. According to Receiver Operating Characteristic curve analysis, the cut-off value of 1015.9 pg/mL for the diagnosis of preeclampsia had discriminative power with a sensitivity of 57.6% and specificity of 94.1%. In addition, cadherin-18 levels above 1302.5 pg/mL provided 85.0% sensitivity and 98.5% specificity in predicting early-onset preeclampsia.
Conclusion
Cadherin-18 level is associated with preeclampsia and may be used as a potential biomarker in the prediction of this disease.
{"title":"Cadherin-18 and Preeclampsia: A Novel Biomarker With Prognostic Value in the Second Trimester?","authors":"Neset Gumusburun, Sebati Sinan Urkmez, Yesim Civil Urkmez, Sakine Merve Aydin, Bahtiyar Ciftci","doi":"10.1111/jog.70159","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jog.70159","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Preeclampsia is an obstetric complication with morbidity and mortality that occurs after the 20th week of pregnancy. Cadherins, which play a role in trophoblast development and placentation, are blamed for the pathogenesis of this disease and our aim was to investigate the potential of cadherin-18 level to predict pre-eclampsia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this retrospective case–control study, serum cadherin-18 levels in the early second trimester of pregnancy (between 15 and 20 weeks of gestation) were compared between pregnant women who developed preeclampsia within a 1-year period and healthy pregnant women.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 170 pregnant women were included in the study; 85 of them were diagnosed with preeclampsia and 85 of them constituted the healthy control group. Of the patients diagnosed with preeclampsia, 40 were classified as early-onset and 45 as late-onset preeclampsia. The mean age was 30.8 years in the preeclampsia group and 28.7 years in the control group. Serum cadherin-18 levels were significantly higher in patients with preeclampsia compared to healthy pregnant women. According to Receiver Operating Characteristic curve analysis, the cut-off value of 1015.9 pg/mL for the diagnosis of preeclampsia had discriminative power with a sensitivity of 57.6% and specificity of 94.1%. In addition, cadherin-18 levels above 1302.5 pg/mL provided 85.0% sensitivity and 98.5% specificity in predicting early-onset preeclampsia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cadherin-18 level is associated with preeclampsia and may be used as a potential biomarker in the prediction of this disease.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16593,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research","volume":"51 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145668472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Şeker, Y. Çimen, H. Süt, C. Ümit, M. Koçar, and G. A. Yıldız, “Predicting Fetal Distress in Growth-Restricted Fetuses: The Role of Umbilical Vein Diameter,” Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research 51, no. 9 (2025): e70082, https://doi.org/10.1111/jog.70082.
All fetal parameters were measured in millimeters (mm). The FIUV/HC ratio was computed as FIUV/HC multiplied by 100. The parameter units have been incorporated into the new Table 1, which is presented in the Appendix.
TABLE 1 Prenatal findings of pregnant women and fetuses.
All APGAR p-value appled stamp and statical method have been incorporated into the new Table 2, which is presented in the Appendix as well.
TABLE 2 Postnatal findings of newborn.
The following sentence must be appended to the fourth paragraph of the Methods section. “The FIUV/HC ratio was computed as FIUV/HC multiplied by 100”
We apologize for this error.
E. Şeker， Y. Çimen， H. s, t . C. Ümit， M. koar， G. A. Yıldız，“预测生长受限胎儿的胎儿窘迫：脐静脉直径的作用”，妇产科学杂志，第51期。9 (2025): e70082, https://doi.org/10.1111/jog.70082.All胎儿参数测量单位为毫米（mm）。FIUV/HC比值计算为FIUV/HC乘以100。参数单位已合并到新的表1中，在附录中给出。表1孕妇和胎儿的产前检查结果。所有APGAR p值应用图章和静态方法已纳入新的表2，并在附录中给出。表2新生儿的产后表现。下面这句话必须加到“方法”一节的第四段。“FIUV/HC比率计算为FIUV/HC乘以100”我们为这个错误道歉。
{"title":"Correction to “Predicting Fetal Distress in Growth-Restricted Fetuses: The Role of Umbilical Vein Diameter”","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/jog.70139","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jog.70139","url":null,"abstract":"<p>E. Şeker, Y. Çimen, H. Süt, C. Ümit, M. Koçar, and G. A. Yıldız, “Predicting Fetal Distress in Growth-Restricted Fetuses: The Role of Umbilical Vein Diameter,” <i>Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research</i> 51, no. 9 (2025): e70082, https://doi.org/10.1111/jog.70082.</p><p>All fetal parameters were measured in millimeters (mm). The FIUV/HC ratio was computed as FIUV/HC multiplied by 100. The parameter units have been incorporated into the new Table 1, which is presented in the Appendix.</p><p><b>TABLE 1</b> Prenatal findings of pregnant women and fetuses.\u0000 </p><p>All APGAR <i>p</i>-value appled stamp and statical method have been incorporated into the new Table 2, which is presented in the Appendix as well.</p><p><b>TABLE 2</b> Postnatal findings of newborn.\u0000 </p><p>The following sentence must be appended to the fourth paragraph of the Methods section. “The FIUV/HC ratio was computed as FIUV/HC multiplied by 100”</p><p>We apologize for this error.</p>","PeriodicalId":16593,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research","volume":"51 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jog.70139","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145677554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gender perception and misogyny are important factors affecting women's health. The study aims to determine individuals' attitudes, knowledge, and awareness regarding the concept of metaverse and examine their relationship with gender perception and misogyny.
Methods
The study is an analytical cross-sectional design. The research was conducted online with 1018 individuals between October and December 2024. A “Personal Information Form,” the “Metaverse Scale,” the “Perception of Gender Scale,” and the “Hostility Toward Women Scale” were used to collect the data.
Results
Those with high knowledge, attitudes, and awareness of the metaverse had a more positive perception of gender roles (β = 0.090; p = 0.003). Those who used (β = 7.852; p = 0.012) and used the metaverse for gaming/entertainment purposes, those who did not use it had a more positive perception of gender roles (β = 8.652; p = 0.012). Those with a positive perception of gender had lower levels of misogyny (β = −0.375; p < 0.001). Those who spent more time on social media daily had greater misogyny (β = 0.270; p = 0.030).
Conclusions
Those who use the metaverse and those who used the metaverse for gaming/entertainment purposes have more negative gender perceptions than those who do not use the metaverse. Those who spent more time on social media daily had greater misogyny. Those with a positive perception of gender had lower levels of misogyny. These findings highlight the need for correct and safe internet use, particularly for women engaging in virtual spaces.
目的：性别认知和厌女症是影响妇女健康的重要因素。本研究旨在确定个体对元宇宙概念的态度、知识和意识，并研究它们与性别感知和厌女症的关系。方法：采用横断面分析设计。该研究在2024年10月至12月期间对1018人进行了在线调查。采用“个人信息表”、“虚拟世界量表”、“性别感知量表”和“对女性的敌意量表”收集数据。结果：高认知、高态度、高意识的大学生对性别角色的认知更积极（β = 0.090; p = 0.003）。那些使用（β = 7.852; p = 0.012）并将虚拟世界用于游戏/娱乐目的的人，那些不使用它的人对性别角色有更积极的看法（β = 8.652; p = 0.012）。结论：与不使用虚拟世界的人相比，使用虚拟世界和将虚拟世界用于游戏/娱乐目的的人有更多消极的性别观念。那些每天花更多时间在社交媒体上的人有更大的厌女症。那些对性别有积极看法的人厌恶女性的程度较低。这些发现强调了正确和安全使用互联网的必要性，特别是对于参与虚拟空间的女性。
{"title":"The Relationship Between Knowledge, Attitude, and Awareness of Metaverse and Gender Perception and Misogyny","authors":"Sevil Cicek Ozdemir, Ayfer Eser, Elif Tugce Citil Guldu, Fatmanur Sena Karakisla","doi":"10.1111/jog.70155","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jog.70155","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Gender perception and misogyny are important factors affecting women's health. The study aims to determine individuals' attitudes, knowledge, and awareness regarding the concept of metaverse and examine their relationship with gender perception and misogyny.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study is an analytical cross-sectional design. The research was conducted online with 1018 individuals between October and December 2024. A “Personal Information Form,” the “Metaverse Scale,” the “Perception of Gender Scale,” and the “Hostility Toward Women Scale” were used to collect the data.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Those with high knowledge, attitudes, and awareness of the metaverse had a more positive perception of gender roles (<i>β</i> = 0.090; <i>p</i> = 0.003). Those who used (<i>β</i> = 7.852; <i>p</i> = 0.012) and used the metaverse for gaming/entertainment purposes, those who did not use it had a more positive perception of gender roles (<i>β</i> = 8.652; <i>p</i> = 0.012). Those with a positive perception of gender had lower levels of misogyny (<i>β</i> = −0.375; <i>p</i> < 0.001). Those who spent more time on social media daily had greater misogyny (<i>β</i> = 0.270; <i>p</i> = 0.030).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Those who use the metaverse and those who used the metaverse for gaming/entertainment purposes have more negative gender perceptions than those who do not use the metaverse. Those who spent more time on social media daily had greater misogyny. Those with a positive perception of gender had lower levels of misogyny. These findings highlight the need for correct and safe internet use, particularly for women engaging in virtual spaces.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16593,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research","volume":"51 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145668419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
With the widespread use of assisted reproductive technology (ART), the incidence of subchorionic hematoma (SCH), a pregnancy-related complication that poses a serious threat to the health of both mother and child, has increased significantly. This review systematically investigates the pathogenesis and risk factors of SCH in the context of ART, focusing on the relationship between the occurrence of ART and SCH.
Methods
Literature was retrieved using the PubMed database. Search terms: subchorionic hematoma. Search language: English. Search period: 1975–2025. A total of 278 studies were retrieved, and 50 were ultimately included after manual screening.
Results
The study showed that high estrogen and progesterone levels in fresh embryo transfer, frozen–thawed embryo transfer, low blastocyst trophoblast cell grading, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), tubal hydrocele, and the use of low-dose aspirin during pregnancy significantly increased the risk of SCH IVF, as a central risk factor for SCH, and its operational procedures (e.g., embryo transfer stage, hormone regulation) may induce hematoma formation by interfering with endometrial angiogenesis and placental development.
Conclusions
This article provides an evidence-based basis for clinical screening, individualized intervention, and pregnancy management of SCH. The findings suggest that further high-quality studies are needed to clarify the mechanism of each risk factor and optimize the pregnancy outcomes of ART patients.
{"title":"Risk Factors of Subchorionic Hematoma Under Assisted Reproductive Technology","authors":"Xi Yi, Zhaxicuo, Dongmei Tian","doi":"10.1111/jog.70142","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jog.70142","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>With the widespread use of assisted reproductive technology (ART), the incidence of subchorionic hematoma (SCH), a pregnancy-related complication that poses a serious threat to the health of both mother and child, has increased significantly. This review systematically investigates the pathogenesis and risk factors of SCH in the context of ART, focusing on the relationship between the occurrence of ART and SCH.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Literature was retrieved using the PubMed database. Search terms: subchorionic hematoma. Search language: English. Search period: 1975–2025. A total of 278 studies were retrieved, and 50 were ultimately included after manual screening.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study showed that high estrogen and progesterone levels in fresh embryo transfer, frozen–thawed embryo transfer, low blastocyst trophoblast cell grading, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), tubal hydrocele, and the use of low-dose aspirin during pregnancy significantly increased the risk of SCH IVF, as a central risk factor for SCH, and its operational procedures (e.g., embryo transfer stage, hormone regulation) may induce hematoma formation by interfering with endometrial angiogenesis and placental development.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This article provides an evidence-based basis for clinical screening, individualized intervention, and pregnancy management of SCH. The findings suggest that further high-quality studies are needed to clarify the mechanism of each risk factor and optimize the pregnancy outcomes of ART patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16593,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research","volume":"51 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145661436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To evaluate pregnancy outcomes by treatment approach and assess the appropriateness and safety of surgical intervention in patients with infertility and uterine adenomyosis.
Methods
A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients, diagnosed with adenomyosis at our institution from 2013 to 2023, who desired conception. The study population was divided into two groups by the presence or absence of surgical intervention, and the type of adenomyosis lesions, infertility treatment modalities, and pregnancy outcomes were evaluated. For patients who underwent adenomyomectomy, operative methods, pre- and postoperative endometrial thickness and dysmenorrhea severity, and perinatal complications in postsurgical pregnancies, were assessed.
Results
Twenty-one patients with adenomyosis (10 non-surgical; 11 surgical) were analyzed. All patients in the non-surgical group had focal adenomyosis lesions, and 70% achieved pregnancy through intrauterine insemination or assisted reproductive technology, with a 50% live birth rate. Most surgical patients had diffuse adenomyosis lesions and endometrial thinning in the luteal phase. Seven patients underwent triple-flap surgery, while four underwent double-flap surgery; 36% of surgical patients achieved pregnancy through assisted reproductive technology, with an 18% live birth rate. All patients showed improvement in postoperative dysmenorrhea and a significant increase in luteal phase endometrial thickness. No uterine rupture occurred in postsurgical pregnancies, but one patient had a late miscarriage and placenta accreta.
Conclusions
Aggressive management of severe uterine adenomyosis with diffuse lesions through adenomyomectomy, followed by assisted reproductive technology, may be effective. Adenomyomectomy potentially enhances fertility by improving dysmenorrhea and thin endometria. However, careful management of postoperative pregnancies is necessary, considering perinatal complications.
{"title":"Pregnancy Outcomes With and Without Adenomyomectomy in Infertile Patients With Adenomyosis: A Single-Center Retrospective Study","authors":"Fumika Hamaguchi, Yoshimi Kitawaki, Tsutomu Ohara, Taito Miyamoto, Asuka Okunomiya, Masumi Sunada, Yukiko Okada, Masaki Mandai, Akihito Horie","doi":"10.1111/jog.70149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jog.70149","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To evaluate pregnancy outcomes by treatment approach and assess the appropriateness and safety of surgical intervention in patients with infertility and uterine adenomyosis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients, diagnosed with adenomyosis at our institution from 2013 to 2023, who desired conception. The study population was divided into two groups by the presence or absence of surgical intervention, and the type of adenomyosis lesions, infertility treatment modalities, and pregnancy outcomes were evaluated. For patients who underwent adenomyomectomy, operative methods, pre- and postoperative endometrial thickness and dysmenorrhea severity, and perinatal complications in postsurgical pregnancies, were assessed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Twenty-one patients with adenomyosis (10 non-surgical; 11 surgical) were analyzed. All patients in the non-surgical group had focal adenomyosis lesions, and 70% achieved pregnancy through intrauterine insemination or assisted reproductive technology, with a 50% live birth rate. Most surgical patients had diffuse adenomyosis lesions and endometrial thinning in the luteal phase. Seven patients underwent triple-flap surgery, while four underwent double-flap surgery; 36% of surgical patients achieved pregnancy through assisted reproductive technology, with an 18% live birth rate. All patients showed improvement in postoperative dysmenorrhea and a significant increase in luteal phase endometrial thickness. No uterine rupture occurred in postsurgical pregnancies, but one patient had a late miscarriage and placenta accreta.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Aggressive management of severe uterine adenomyosis with diffuse lesions through adenomyomectomy, followed by assisted reproductive technology, may be effective. Adenomyomectomy potentially enhances fertility by improving dysmenorrhea and thin endometria. However, careful management of postoperative pregnancies is necessary, considering perinatal complications.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16593,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research","volume":"51 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jog.70149","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145626792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ovarian cancers have been the most lethal gynecologic malignancies worldwide, with survival outcomes remaining poor despite therapeutic advances. Since TP53 is the most frequently mutated gene in ovarian cancers, it highlights the central role of p53 dysfunction in promoting tumor initiation, genomic instability, and progression. Beyond classical loss of transcriptional activity, mutant p53 may exert dominant-negative effects on residual wild-type protein and acquire oncogenic gain-of-function properties that promote invasion, metastasis, and resistance to chemotherapy. Nevertheless, despite extensive efforts, effective therapeutic agents targeting TP53-mutant tumors remain elusive, representing a major unmet medical need.
Methods
The published articles were reviewed.
Results
To detect the TP53 mutations, driven by recent technological innovations, circulating tumor DNA has emerged as a powerful and minimally invasive biomarker that enables the detection of gene mutations and the real-time monitoring of tumor evolution, minimal residual disease, and therapeutic resistance. Bridging diagnostics and therapy, recent discoveries highlight that cytoplasmic p53 aggregates as a clinically adverse phenotype in high-grade serous ovarian cancers, elucidating mechanisms of aggregate formation and propagation. By restoring p53 conformation and transcriptional activity through distinct molecular mechanisms, pharmacologic reactivation of mutant p53 holds promise as a novel therapeutic strategy.
Conclusion
These advances indicate that TP53 disruption, once deemed untargetable, may become a new cornerstone of precision oncology in ovarian cancer.
{"title":"Novel Approaches for Detecting TP53 Mutations and Targeted Therapeutic Strategies: Emerging Insights Into Cytoplasmic p53 Aggregates in Ovarian Cancer","authors":"Naoyuki Iwahashi, Kazuhiko Ino","doi":"10.1111/jog.70151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jog.70151","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Ovarian cancers have been the most lethal gynecologic malignancies worldwide, with survival outcomes remaining poor despite therapeutic advances. Since <i>TP53</i> is the most frequently mutated gene in ovarian cancers, it highlights the central role of p53 dysfunction in promoting tumor initiation, genomic instability, and progression. Beyond classical loss of transcriptional activity, mutant p53 may exert dominant-negative effects on residual wild-type protein and acquire oncogenic gain-of-function properties that promote invasion, metastasis, and resistance to chemotherapy. Nevertheless, despite extensive efforts, effective therapeutic agents targeting <i>TP53</i>-mutant tumors remain elusive, representing a major unmet medical need.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The published articles were reviewed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To detect the <i>TP53</i> mutations, driven by recent technological innovations, circulating tumor DNA has emerged as a powerful and minimally invasive biomarker that enables the detection of gene mutations and the real-time monitoring of tumor evolution, minimal residual disease, and therapeutic resistance. Bridging diagnostics and therapy, recent discoveries highlight that cytoplasmic p53 aggregates as a clinically adverse phenotype in high-grade serous ovarian cancers, elucidating mechanisms of aggregate formation and propagation. By restoring p53 conformation and transcriptional activity through distinct molecular mechanisms, pharmacologic reactivation of mutant p53 holds promise as a novel therapeutic strategy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These advances indicate that <i>TP53</i> disruption, once deemed untargetable, may become a new cornerstone of precision oncology in ovarian cancer.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16593,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research","volume":"51 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145626791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) severity and liver-related indices—Albumin-Bilirubin (ALBI) and Aspartate Aminotransferase to Platelet Ratio Index (APRI)—to explore their potential as non-invasive biomarkers in HG.
Material and Methods
A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 100 pregnant women, including 66 diagnosed with HG and 34 healthy controls. Demographic, biochemical, and clinical parameters were collected from hospital records. HG severity was categorized based on ketonuria levels. ALBI and APRI scores were calculated using standard formulas. Statistical analyses were performed to assess group differences, correlation with disease severity, and diagnostic performance via ROC curve analysis.
Results
AST levels were significantly higher in the HG group (42.7 ± 15.0 U/L) compared to controls (14.8 ± 3.0 U/L) (p < 0.001). Platelet counts were significantly lower in HG patients (281.6 ± 49.3 × 109/L vs. 420.5 ± 44.7 × 109/L; p < 0.001). Total bilirubin (p = 0.004) and direct bilirubin (p = 0.022) levels were also significantly elevated. ALBI scores were higher in the HG group (−2.7 ± 0.4 vs. –2.9 ± 0.3; p = 0.027), as were APRI scores (0.4 ± 0.2 vs. 0.2 ± 0.2; p < 0.001). Both indices increased progressively with ketonuria severity. ROC analysis showed APRI had an AUC of 0.740 (76% sensitivity, 71% specificity), while ALBI had an AUC of 0.647 (69% sensitivity, 63% specificity).
Conclusion
ALBI and APRI scores are significantly associated with the severity of HG and may reflect hepatic involvement during the disease course. These scores could serve as accessible, cost-effective, and non-invasive tools to assist in the diagnosis, risk stratification, and clinical monitoring of HG in obstetric settings.
{"title":"The Effect of ALBI and APRI Scores on the Relationship With Hyperemesis Gravidarum Severity","authors":"Cenk Soysal, Zahide Dilara Bal, Onur İnce, Yasemin Taşçı","doi":"10.1111/jog.70157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jog.70157","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) severity and liver-related indices—Albumin-Bilirubin (ALBI) and Aspartate Aminotransferase to Platelet Ratio Index (APRI)—to explore their potential as non-invasive biomarkers in HG.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Material and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 100 pregnant women, including 66 diagnosed with HG and 34 healthy controls. Demographic, biochemical, and clinical parameters were collected from hospital records. HG severity was categorized based on ketonuria levels. ALBI and APRI scores were calculated using standard formulas. Statistical analyses were performed to assess group differences, correlation with disease severity, and diagnostic performance via ROC curve analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>AST levels were significantly higher in the HG group (42.7 ± 15.0 U/L) compared to controls (14.8 ± 3.0 U/L) (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Platelet counts were significantly lower in HG patients (281.6 ± 49.3 × 10<sup>9</sup>/L vs. 420.5 ± 44.7 × 10<sup>9</sup>/L; <i>p</i> < 0.001). Total bilirubin (<i>p</i> = 0.004) and direct bilirubin (<i>p</i> = 0.022) levels were also significantly elevated. ALBI scores were higher in the HG group (−2.7 ± 0.4 vs. –2.9 ± 0.3; <i>p</i> = 0.027), as were APRI scores (0.4 ± 0.2 vs. 0.2 ± 0.2; <i>p</i> < 0.001). Both indices increased progressively with ketonuria severity. ROC analysis showed APRI had an AUC of 0.740 (76% sensitivity, 71% specificity), while ALBI had an AUC of 0.647 (69% sensitivity, 63% specificity).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>ALBI and APRI scores are significantly associated with the severity of HG and may reflect hepatic involvement during the disease course. These scores could serve as accessible, cost-effective, and non-invasive tools to assist in the diagnosis, risk stratification, and clinical monitoring of HG in obstetric settings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16593,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research","volume":"51 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145626795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Diffuse uterine leiomyomatosis (DUL) is characterized by numerous uterine leiomyomas within and diffusely replacing the myometrium. However, because of its rarity, the prevalence, diagnostic criteria, and standard treatment for patients with DUL who wish to preserve their fertility remain unknown. This study aimed to clarify the current status of the diagnosis of DUL in Japan.
Methods
We conducted a web-based survey targeting 1080 Obstetrics and Gynecology training institutions registered with the Japanese Medical Specialty Board. We asked them whether they had treated patients with DUL over the past 10 years (2013–2022). We obtained magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans from institutions that reported clinical experience with DUL, and conducted a central review to determine whether each case was consistent with DUL. We also investigated whether DUL could be classified into subtypes.
Results
Responses were obtained from 428 institutions, of which 128 reported clinical experience with DUL or DUL-like multiple uterine leiomyomas, totaling 653 cases. MRI scans from 408 cases were centrally reviewed by a subcommittee, and 307 cases were confirmed as DUL. Based on the imaging characteristics, DUL was classified into three subtypes: total replacement, myometrial replacement, and submucosal-dominant.
Conclusions
This survey revealed that 653 cases of DUL or DUL-like multiple uterine leiomyomas were managed over a 10-year period in Japan. Based on a central review of MRI scans, DUL can be classified into three distinct subtypes. Given the differences between these subtypes, treatment approaches for patients wishing to preserve fertility may vary, highlighting the need for further investigation.
{"title":"Novel Subtype Classification of Diffuse Uterine Leiomyomatosis Based on a Nationwide Survey in Japan","authors":"Hiroshi Ishikawa, Ryoko Asano, Masanori Ono, Mari Kitade, Maki Kusumi, Shunichiro Tsuji, Tomoko Nakamura, Ryo Maekawa, Yuki Goto, Akiyo Takada, Kaori Koga","doi":"10.1111/jog.70150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jog.70150","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Diffuse uterine leiomyomatosis (DUL) is characterized by numerous uterine leiomyomas within and diffusely replacing the myometrium. However, because of its rarity, the prevalence, diagnostic criteria, and standard treatment for patients with DUL who wish to preserve their fertility remain unknown. This study aimed to clarify the current status of the diagnosis of DUL in Japan.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted a web-based survey targeting 1080 Obstetrics and Gynecology training institutions registered with the Japanese Medical Specialty Board. We asked them whether they had treated patients with DUL over the past 10 years (2013–2022). We obtained magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans from institutions that reported clinical experience with DUL, and conducted a central review to determine whether each case was consistent with DUL. We also investigated whether DUL could be classified into subtypes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Responses were obtained from 428 institutions, of which 128 reported clinical experience with DUL or DUL-like multiple uterine leiomyomas, totaling 653 cases. MRI scans from 408 cases were centrally reviewed by a subcommittee, and 307 cases were confirmed as DUL. Based on the imaging characteristics, DUL was classified into three subtypes: total replacement, myometrial replacement, and submucosal-dominant.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This survey revealed that 653 cases of DUL or DUL-like multiple uterine leiomyomas were managed over a 10-year period in Japan. Based on a central review of MRI scans, DUL can be classified into three distinct subtypes. Given the differences between these subtypes, treatment approaches for patients wishing to preserve fertility may vary, highlighting the need for further investigation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16593,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research","volume":"51 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jog.70150","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145626793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Simay Cokgezer, Muhammet Senkal, Aysel Safaraliyeva, Helin Kose, İnci Kizildag Yırgın, Pınar Mualla Saıp, Naziye Ak
Objective
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of visceral, subcutaneous and intermuscular adipose tissue areas measured by computed tomography at diagnosis on survival in ovarian cancer patients receiving second-line bevacizumab treatment.
Materials and Methods
This retrospective study included 41 ovarian cancer patients who received second-line bevacizumab treatment at Istanbul University Oncology Institute between 2009 and 2024. Visceral, subcutaneous and intermuscular adipose tissue areas at the L3 and T12 vertebral levels were measured from the computed tomography images of the patients at the time of diagnosis, and these areas were normalized by the square of body height and index values (cm2/m2) were calculated. The effect of adipose tissue parameters on overall survival and disease-free survival was analyzed.
Results
In multivariate analysis, only subcutaneous adipose tissue at the T12 level was found to be an independent predictor of overall survival. Subgroup analyses also showed that survival was significantly shorter in patients with low subcutaneous fat area or index. Similarly, low body mass index was also associated with unfavorable survival outcomes. Visceral and intermuscular adipose tissue parameters had no significant effect on survival.
Conclusion
Subcutaneous adipose tissue measured by diagnostic computed tomography may serve as a potential prognostic biomarker in ovarian cancer patients. These findings support the integration of body composition analysis into clinical decision-making processes.
{"title":"Association Between Adipose Tissue Distribution and Survival in Recurrent Ovarian Cancer Patients Treated With Anti-VEGF Therapy: A Retrospective CT-Based Analysis","authors":"Simay Cokgezer, Muhammet Senkal, Aysel Safaraliyeva, Helin Kose, İnci Kizildag Yırgın, Pınar Mualla Saıp, Naziye Ak","doi":"10.1111/jog.70148","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jog.70148","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of visceral, subcutaneous and intermuscular adipose tissue areas measured by computed tomography at diagnosis on survival in ovarian cancer patients receiving second-line bevacizumab treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This retrospective study included 41 ovarian cancer patients who received second-line bevacizumab treatment at Istanbul University Oncology Institute between 2009 and 2024. Visceral, subcutaneous and intermuscular adipose tissue areas at the L3 and T12 vertebral levels were measured from the computed tomography images of the patients at the time of diagnosis, and these areas were normalized by the square of body height and index values (cm<sup>2</sup>/m<sup>2</sup>) were calculated. The effect of adipose tissue parameters on overall survival and disease-free survival was analyzed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In multivariate analysis, only subcutaneous adipose tissue at the T12 level was found to be an independent predictor of overall survival. Subgroup analyses also showed that survival was significantly shorter in patients with low subcutaneous fat area or index. Similarly, low body mass index was also associated with unfavorable survival outcomes. Visceral and intermuscular adipose tissue parameters had no significant effect on survival.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Subcutaneous adipose tissue measured by diagnostic computed tomography may serve as a potential prognostic biomarker in ovarian cancer patients. These findings support the integration of body composition analysis into clinical decision-making processes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16593,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research","volume":"51 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145604628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To examine the short-term impacts of Japan's newly implemented physician working-hour limits (April 2024) on working conditions, self-directed professional development (SDPD), defined as activities undertaken outside working hours to enhance one's professional skills, and work-related happiness among obstetrician-gynecologists (OB-GYNs).
Methods
An online survey was conducted between July 8 and July 31, 2024, targeting 867 Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology members. Five hundred and fourteen full-time practitioners who had not changed workplaces around April 2024 and had no missing data were analyzed. Participants were stratified by regulation levels (A, B, C, discretionary labor system, those who don't know their own level), and their working hours, anticipated income, SDPD satisfaction, and happiness (0–10 scale) were assessed. We used multivariate linear regression to evaluate the influence of labor condition changes on happiness and explored interactions involving unpaid overtime, income changes, and SDPD satisfaction.
Results
Compared with level A (up to 960 h of overtime per year), participants at levels B and C (up to 1860 h of overtime per year) reported significantly lower happiness (p < 0.001). Most respondents observed no major shifts in working conditions since March 2024, yet about 40% did not record SDPD hours that meet the working hour requirement as official work time. Adjusted analyses revealed that decreased income and unsatisfactory SDPD significantly lowered happiness, whereas higher SDPD satisfaction increased it (β: −0.64 [−1.07, −0.21], −0.98 [−1.46, −0.50], and 0.90 [0.44, 1.35], respectively). Subgroup analysis indicated that rising unpaid overtime further reduced happiness among those dissatisfied with SDPD (−1.43 [−2.41, −0.45]).
Conclusions
The new working-hour limits had minimal impact on labor conditions in the short run. However, satisfaction with SDPD was positively associated with happiness, whereas anticipated decreases in income were correlated with lower happiness.
{"title":"The Short-Term Impacts of Japan's 2024 Physician Working-Hour Limits on Labor Conditions, Self-Directed Professional Development, and Happiness Among Obstetrician-Gynecologists","authors":"Yuto Maeda, Satoru Nakagawa, Kentaro Nakanishi, Eri Inoue, Daisuke Inoue, Saki Kido, Michiko Kido, Kaori Koga, Shunji Suzuki, Yukio Suzuki, Junko Haraga, Hisashi Masuyama, Eiko Yamamoto, Takeshi Umazume, Yoshihito Yokoyama, Akira Iwase, Tomoaki Ikeda, Yoshio Yoshida, Yoshiki Kudo, Takashi Sugiyama, Kiyonori Miura, Hideaki Yahata, Nobuya Unno, Kentaro Kurasawa, Takahide Maenaka, Etsuko Miyagi, Kiyoko Kato, Yasuhito Kato","doi":"10.1111/jog.70112","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jog.70112","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To examine the short-term impacts of Japan's newly implemented physician working-hour limits (April 2024) on working conditions, self-directed professional development (SDPD), defined as activities undertaken outside working hours to enhance one's professional skills, and work-related happiness among obstetrician-gynecologists (OB-GYNs).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>An online survey was conducted between July 8 and July 31, 2024, targeting 867 Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology members. Five hundred and fourteen full-time practitioners who had not changed workplaces around April 2024 and had no missing data were analyzed. Participants were stratified by regulation levels (A, B, C, discretionary labor system, those who don't know their own level), and their working hours, anticipated income, SDPD satisfaction, and happiness (0–10 scale) were assessed. We used multivariate linear regression to evaluate the influence of labor condition changes on happiness and explored interactions involving unpaid overtime, income changes, and SDPD satisfaction.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Compared with level A (up to 960 h of overtime per year), participants at levels B and C (up to 1860 h of overtime per year) reported significantly lower happiness (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Most respondents observed no major shifts in working conditions since March 2024, yet about 40% did not record SDPD hours that meet the working hour requirement as official work time. Adjusted analyses revealed that decreased income and unsatisfactory SDPD significantly lowered happiness, whereas higher SDPD satisfaction increased it (β: −0.64 [−1.07, −0.21], −0.98 [−1.46, −0.50], and 0.90 [0.44, 1.35], respectively). Subgroup analysis indicated that rising unpaid overtime further reduced happiness among those dissatisfied with SDPD (−1.43 [−2.41, −0.45]).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The new working-hour limits had minimal impact on labor conditions in the short run. However, satisfaction with SDPD was positively associated with happiness, whereas anticipated decreases in income were correlated with lower happiness.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16593,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research","volume":"51 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jog.70112","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145604634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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