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Psychological Features Associated With Awake Bruxism in Painful TMD: The Role of Anxiety. 疼痛性TMD中与清醒磨牙症相关的心理特征:焦虑的作用。
IF 4 3区 医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE Pub Date : 2026-01-28 DOI: 10.1111/joor.70158
Dyanne Medina Flores, Samilla Pontes Braga, Giancarlo De La Torre Canales, Juliana Stuginski-Barbosa, Paulo César Rodrigues Conti

Background: Awake bruxism (AB) is closely linked to psychological factors and commonly co-occurs with painful temporomandibular disorders (TMD).

Objective: To evaluate the role of anxiety comparing the frequency of AB behaviours, as well as levels of perceived stress, pain catastrophizing and depressive symptoms among patients with painful TMD, categorised by clinical anxiety levels.

Methods: A total of 72 patients diagnosed with painful TMD were enrolled and classified into two groups based on T-scores derived from the Generalised Anxiety Disorder 7-item scale [GAD-7]: elevated symptoms of anxiety group (T ≥ 61): 30 and normative anxiety (T ≤ 60): 42. T-score calculations were based on a previously studied pain-free control group. AB behaviours were recorded through Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA), and participants completed the Perceived Stress Scale [PSS], the Pain Catastrophizing Scale [PCS] and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 [PHQ-9], alongside lifestyle assessment. Between-group comparisons and correlation analyses were conducted to evaluate associations between anxiety and clinical, behavioural and psychosocial outcomes.

Results: Patients with elevated symptoms of anxiety exhibited higher total AB frequency (89%; 72.12%; p < 0.002), particularly increased tooth clenching (26.90%; 13.48%; p < 0.016). They also reported significantly higher clinical pain intensity (p < 0.005), as well as elevated perceived stress (p < 0.001), higher pain catastrophizing (p < 0.032), especially helplessness (p < 0.050) and rumination (p < 0.47) and more severe depressive symptoms (p < 0.002). No significant differences were seen between groups in physical activity, social engagement, alcohol drinking or smoking.

Conclusion: These findings underscore that TMD patients with elevated clinical symptoms of anxiety exhibit significantly higher frequencies of AB, specifically tooth clenching, psychological distress and pain intensity.

背景:醒磨牙症(AB)与心理因素密切相关,常与疼痛性颞下颌障碍(TMD)共同发生。目的:通过比较临床焦虑水平分类的疼痛性TMD患者的AB行为频率、感知压力、疼痛灾难化和抑郁症状水平,评估焦虑的作用。方法:共纳入72例诊断为疼痛性TMD的患者,根据广泛性焦虑障碍7项量表[GAD-7]的T评分分为两组:焦虑症状升高组(T≥61):30,正常焦虑组(T≤60):42。t评分的计算是基于先前研究的无痛对照组。通过生态瞬时评估(EMA)记录AB行为,并完成感知压力量表(PSS)、疼痛灾难量表(PCS)和患者健康问卷-9 (PHQ-9)以及生活方式评估。进行了组间比较和相关性分析,以评估焦虑与临床、行为和社会心理结果之间的关系。结论:临床焦虑症状升高的TMD患者出现AB的频率明显高于其他患者(89%;72.12%;p),尤其是牙关紧咬、心理困扰和疼痛强度。
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引用次数: 0
Gut-Brain-Jaw Axis: The Emerging Role of Gut Microbiota in Temporomandibular Disorders and Orofacial Pain-A Narrative Review. 肠-脑-颚轴:肠道微生物群在颞下颌疾病和口面部疼痛中的新作用-叙述性综述。
IF 4 3区 医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE Pub Date : 2026-01-27 DOI: 10.1111/joor.70156
Alessio Rosa, Marco Gargari, Mirko Martelli

Background: Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) and chronic orofacial pain are multifactorial conditions influenced by complex neurobiological and systemic mechanisms. Recent findings emphasise the gut-brain axis as a central modulator of pain, neuroinflammation, and immune signalling. Nevertheless, the role of the gut microbiota in TMD pathogenesis and oral rehabilitation remains insufficiently characterised.

Methods: A structured literature search was conducted in PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science up to December 2024 using combinations of keywords including "gut microbiota," "temporomandibular disorder," and "orofacial pain." Eligible publications included clinical studies, systematic and narrative reviews, meta-analyses, and theoretical works addressing microbiota-pain relationships.

Results: Recent Mendelian randomization studies reveal causal associations between specific bacterial genera and TMD risk. Experimental models demonstrate that gut dysbiosis exacerbates temporomandibular joint inflammation and neuroinflammatory responses, while restoring microbial balance through probiotics or faecal microbiota transplantation alleviates pain hypersensitivity. Mechanistic studies suggest that microbial metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids, GABA, and serotonin modulate trigeminal pain pathways via vagal and immune signalling.

Conclusion: Current evidence supports a bidirectional gut-brain-jaw communication system influencing both peripheral and central pain mechanisms. Incorporating microbiome-targeted approaches-such as dietary modulation, probiotics, and microbial therapy-may enhance TMD management and promote a more holistic, personalised model of oral rehabilitation.

背景:颞下颌紊乱(TMDs)和慢性口面部疼痛是受复杂神经生物学和全身机制影响的多因素疾病。最近的研究结果强调肠-脑轴是疼痛、神经炎症和免疫信号的中枢调节剂。然而,肠道微生物群在TMD发病机制和口腔康复中的作用仍然没有充分的描述。方法:使用“肠道微生物群”、“颞下颌紊乱”和“口腔面部疼痛”等关键词组合,在PubMed/MEDLINE、Scopus和Web of Science中进行结构化文献检索,检索时间截止到2024年12月。符合条件的出版物包括临床研究、系统和叙述性综述、荟萃分析和关于微生物-疼痛关系的理论著作。结果:最近的孟德尔随机化研究揭示了特定细菌属与TMD风险之间的因果关系。实验模型表明,肠道生态失调加剧了颞下颌关节炎症和神经炎症反应,而通过益生菌或粪便微生物群移植恢复微生物平衡可减轻疼痛过敏。机制研究表明,微生物代谢物如短链脂肪酸、GABA和血清素通过迷走神经和免疫信号调节三叉神经痛通路。结论:目前的证据支持肠-脑-颚双向通信系统影响外周和中枢疼痛机制。结合以微生物群为目标的方法,如饮食调节、益生菌和微生物治疗,可以加强TMD的管理,促进更全面、个性化的口腔康复模式。
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引用次数: 0
Oral Frailty and Physical Frailty Associated With Sleep Quality in Community-Dwelling Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study. 在社区居住的成年人中,口腔虚弱和身体虚弱与睡眠质量相关:一项横断面研究。
IF 4 3区 医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE Pub Date : 2026-01-24 DOI: 10.1111/joor.70152
Pei-Chen Lin, Ai-Hua Chang, Shin-Ru Liao, Koichiro Matsuo, Yuji Kabasawa, Ju-Hui Wu, Pei-Chao Lin, Hsiao-Ling Huang

Background: Oral frailty and physical frailty are linked to adverse health outcomes in older adults, but their relationship with sleep quality is not well understood. This study examined the association between oral frailty and sleep quality, and the combined effects of oral and physical frailty on sleep in community-dwelling older adults.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Kaohsiung City, Taiwan (2018-2019), including 1180 adults aged ≥ 65 years selected by multistage stratified cluster sampling. Data were collected through questionnaires and dental exams. Sleep quality was measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Oral frailty was assessed using indicators such as oral diadochokinesis, swallowing difficulty, masticatory performance, dry mouth, tongue coating, and number of natural teeth. Oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) was evaluated with the GOHAI. Logistic regression identified factors associated with poor sleep quality.

Results: Swallowing difficulty (AOR = 2.69) and dry mouth (AOR = 2.06) were significantly linked to poor sleep quality. A dose-response relationship was observed across stages of swallowing difficulty, with both suspected and confirmed cases reporting significantly poorer sleep quality compared to individuals without swallowing issues (p for trend < 0.001). Higher OHRQoL scores were linked to better sleep quality (AOR = 0.97). Additionally, the combined presence of oral frailty and physical frailty was significantly associated with poor sleep quality (AOR = 2.71).

Conclusion: Oral and physical frailty are significantly associated with sleep quality in older adults. Interventions targeting swallowing difficulty, dry mouth, and physical frailty may improve sleep quality in this population.

背景:口腔虚弱和身体虚弱与老年人的不良健康结果有关,但它们与睡眠质量的关系尚不清楚。本研究考察了居住在社区的老年人口腔虚弱和睡眠质量之间的关系,以及口腔和身体虚弱对睡眠的综合影响。方法:采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法,在台湾高雄市(2018-2019)选取1180名年龄≥65岁的成年人进行横断面研究。通过问卷调查和牙科检查收集数据。睡眠质量由匹兹堡睡眠质量指数来衡量。采用口腔运动、吞咽困难、咀嚼表现、口干、舌苔和天然牙数等指标评估口腔脆弱程度。采用GOHAI评估口腔健康相关生活质量(OHRQoL)。逻辑回归确定了与睡眠质量差相关的因素。结果:吞咽困难(AOR = 2.69)和口干(AOR = 2.06)与睡眠质量差显著相关。在吞咽困难的各个阶段都观察到剂量反应关系,与没有吞咽问题的个体相比,疑似病例和确诊病例都报告了明显较差的睡眠质量(p为趋势)。结论:口腔和身体虚弱与老年人的睡眠质量显著相关。针对吞咽困难、口干和身体虚弱的干预措施可能会改善这一人群的睡眠质量。
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引用次数: 0
Patient Adherence to Splint Therapy and Counselling Programmes in Temporomandibular Disorders: Development and Validation of a New Questionnaire. 颞下颌疾病患者对夹板治疗和咨询方案的依从性:一份新问卷的开发和验证。
IF 4 3区 医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE Pub Date : 2026-01-24 DOI: 10.1111/joor.70153
Soaad Tolba Badawy, Amal T Badawi, Mai Ahmed Haggag

Background: Adherence to conservative treatments is essential for optimal outcomes in temporomandibular disorder (TMD) patients, yet validated tools for measuring adherence are lacking.

Purpose: This study aimed to develop and validate a bilingual (Arabic-English) questionnaire to comprehensively assess adherence among TMD patients.

Study design, setting, sample: A cross-sectional, observational, five-phase design was conducted at the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University (Egypt). The study included a pilot sample of 60 TMD patients and a psychometric evaluation sample of 300 patients.

Exposure: The exposure was adherence behaviour, measured by a newly developed 50-item, 11-domain adherence questionnaire.

Main outcome variable(s): The primary outcomes were psychometric properties of the questionnaire, including content validity, internal consistency, test-retest reliability and construct validity.

Covariates: Patient language version (Arabic or English) was considered to examine potential influences on questionnaire performance.

Analyses: Content validity was assessed using Item-Content Validity Index (I-CVI) and Content Validity Ratio (CVR). Reliability was evaluated with Cronbach's α and intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC). Construct validity was examined with exploratory factor analysis (EFA).

Results: The final 50-item, 11-domain questionnaire demonstrated strong content validity. Internal consistency was acceptable for both Arabic (Cronbach's α = 0.70) and English (α = 0.68) versions. Test-retest reliability was good (ICC = 0.762-0.898; p < 0.001). EFA confirmed 11 domains, accounting for 61.5% of variance in Arabic and 64.73% in English.

Conclusions and relevance: The Badawy and Haggag Adherence Questionnaire for TMD demonstrated strong validity and reliability across Arabic and English versions. It provides a robust clinical and research tool for assessing adherence to conservative TMD management, enabling clinicians to identify non-adherence and design tailored interventions to improve outcomes.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT07045441. The trial was first posted on 22 June 2025, and the most recent update was posted on 30 June 2025. Retrospectively registered.

背景:对于颞下颌疾病(TMD)患者而言,坚持保守治疗对于获得最佳治疗结果至关重要,但目前还缺乏有效的测量依从性的工具。目的:本研究旨在开发和验证一种双语(阿拉伯-英语)问卷,以全面评估TMD患者的依从性。研究设计、环境、样本:横断面、观察性、五阶段设计在曼苏拉大学(埃及)牙科学院口腔颌面外科进行。该研究包括60名TMD患者的试点样本和300名患者的心理测量评估样本。暴露:暴露是依从性行为,通过新开发的50项11域依从性问卷进行测量。主要结果变量:主要结果为问卷的心理测量属性,包括内容效度、内部一致性、重测信度和构念效度。协变量:考虑患者语言版本(阿拉伯语或英语)来检查对问卷表现的潜在影响。分析:采用项目-内容效度指数(I-CVI)和内容效度比(CVR)评估内容效度。采用Cronbach’s α和类内相关系数(ICC)评价信度。采用探索性因子分析(EFA)检验结构效度。结果:最终的50题11域问卷具有较强的内容效度。阿拉伯文(Cronbach’s α = 0.70)和英文(α = 0.68)版本的内部一致性均可接受。结论及相关性:巴达维和哈格量表在阿拉伯文和英文两种版本中均表现出较强的效度和信度。它为评估保守TMD管理的依从性提供了一个强大的临床和研究工具,使临床医生能够识别不依从性并设计量身定制的干预措施以改善结果。试验注册:ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT07045441。该试验于2025年6月22日首次发布,最新更新于2025年6月30日发布。回顾注册。
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引用次数: 0
Prevalence and Characteristics of Self-Perceived Swallowing Difficulties Among Community-Dwelling Older People in South Korea. 韩国社区居住老年人自我感知吞咽困难的患病率和特点。
IF 4 3区 医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE Pub Date : 2026-01-20 DOI: 10.1111/joor.70151
Bo-Ra Kim, Hee-Soon Woo, Kyoung-Chul Min

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence and characteristics of self-perceived swallowing difficulties among community-dwelling older people in South Korea, as distinct from clinically diagnosed dysphagia.

Methods: A total of 489 community-dwelling, independent older adults (aged ≥ 65 years) were assessed using the Korean version of the Dysphagia Risk Assessment for the Community-dwelling Elderly (K-DRACE), a validated self-report questionnaire. We analysed the perceived frequency of difficulties across the three swallowing phases (oral, pharyngeal and oesophageal). Based on the cut-off score (4 points), the prevalence was calculated. Differences between the no perceived difficulties group and the perceived difficulties group according to participant characteristics were analysed using an independent sample t-test and one-way ANOVA.

Results: The prevalence of self-perceived swallowing difficulties among community-dwelling older people in South Korea was 40.7%. The total K-DRACE score increased with age; the oldest group (85+ years) showed the highest prevalence (57.0%) and mean score (4.91 ± 4.22). The highest mean score was observed in the oral phase. Significant differences were found according to gender, education level and residential area.

Conclusion: The high prevalence of perceived swallowing difficulties identified in this study, particularly among older adults not clinically diagnosed, underscores the critical need for community-based screening. Identifying this at-risk population through such screening is the essential first step to facilitate timely preventive interventions and ensure referral for further clinical evaluation.

目的:本研究的目的是调查韩国社区居住老年人自我感知吞咽困难的患病率和特征,与临床诊断的吞咽困难不同。方法:采用韩国版《社区老年人吞咽困难风险评估》(K-DRACE)对489名≥65岁的社区独居独居老年人进行评估,这是一份有效的自我报告问卷。我们分析了三个吞咽阶段(口腔、咽部和食道)的感知困难频率。根据分值(4分)计算患病率。采用独立样本t检验和单因素方差分析分析无感知困难组和感知困难组在被试特征上的差异。结果:韩国社区居住老年人自我感知吞咽困难的患病率为40.7%。K-DRACE总分随年龄增长而增加;高龄组患病率最高(57.0%),平均评分(4.91±4.22)分。平均评分最高的是口腔期。性别、受教育程度和居住区域之间存在显著差异。结论:本研究中发现的感知吞咽困难的高患病率,特别是在未临床诊断的老年人中,强调了社区筛查的迫切需要。通过这种筛查确定这一高危人群是促进及时预防干预和确保转诊进行进一步临床评估必不可少的第一步。
{"title":"Prevalence and Characteristics of Self-Perceived Swallowing Difficulties Among Community-Dwelling Older People in South Korea.","authors":"Bo-Ra Kim, Hee-Soon Woo, Kyoung-Chul Min","doi":"10.1111/joor.70151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/joor.70151","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence and characteristics of self-perceived swallowing difficulties among community-dwelling older people in South Korea, as distinct from clinically diagnosed dysphagia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 489 community-dwelling, independent older adults (aged ≥ 65 years) were assessed using the Korean version of the Dysphagia Risk Assessment for the Community-dwelling Elderly (K-DRACE), a validated self-report questionnaire. We analysed the perceived frequency of difficulties across the three swallowing phases (oral, pharyngeal and oesophageal). Based on the cut-off score (4 points), the prevalence was calculated. Differences between the no perceived difficulties group and the perceived difficulties group according to participant characteristics were analysed using an independent sample t-test and one-way ANOVA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of self-perceived swallowing difficulties among community-dwelling older people in South Korea was 40.7%. The total K-DRACE score increased with age; the oldest group (85+ years) showed the highest prevalence (57.0%) and mean score (4.91 ± 4.22). The highest mean score was observed in the oral phase. Significant differences were found according to gender, education level and residential area.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The high prevalence of perceived swallowing difficulties identified in this study, particularly among older adults not clinically diagnosed, underscores the critical need for community-based screening. Identifying this at-risk population through such screening is the essential first step to facilitate timely preventive interventions and ensure referral for further clinical evaluation.</p>","PeriodicalId":16605,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146003421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Dentition-Cognition Relationship in Aging Populations: A Meta-Analysis of Longitudinal Data. 老年人口牙列-认知关系:纵向数据的元分析。
IF 4 3区 医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE Pub Date : 2026-01-19 DOI: 10.1111/joor.70149
Huimin Chen, Ling Ji, Yilin Wang, Iven Klineberg, Hui Chen

Background: Recent research suggests a potential link between tooth loss and cognitive decline among the elderly population, but longitudinal evidence remains limited.

Aim: This meta-analysis aims to investigate the longitudinal relationship between dentition status (tooth loss/edentulism) and cognitive outcomes (dementia/MCI) in aging populations.

Method: A systematic search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science up to February 2025. Twenty-one longitudinal studies (N = 35 744 989 participants) meeting inclusion criteria were analysed. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using random- or fixed-effects models. Study quality was assessed via the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.

Results: Longitudinal evidence supports a connection between tooth loss and cognitive decline. Specifically, tooth loss was associated with increased risks of dementia (OR = 1.26 [1.07, 1.49]) and MCI (OR = 1.40 [1.14, 1.71]). Edentulism showed higher risks (dementia: OR = 1.16 [1.09, 1.23]; MCI: OR = 1.90 [1.07, 3.35]). Subgroup analyses revealed greater risks in women and Western populations. Denture use mitigated dementia risk in individuals with tooth loss (OR = 1.03 [0.82, 1.28]).

Conclusion: Tooth loss may accelerate cognitive decline, with more severe loss correlating to greater deterioration. Dentures could help mitigate this effect by restoring chewing function. Given that tooth loss is a modifiable risk factor for cognitive impairment, preventive dental care and timely prosthodontic treatment may play a protective role in maintaining brain health among older adults.

背景:最近的研究表明,在老年人中,牙齿脱落和认知能力下降之间存在潜在的联系,但纵向证据仍然有限。目的:本荟萃分析旨在调查老年人牙列状态(牙齿脱落/缺牙)与认知结果(痴呆/MCI)之间的纵向关系。方法:系统检索PubMed、Scopus和Web of Science,检索时间截止到2025年2月。符合纳入标准的21项纵向研究(N = 35 744 989名受试者)进行了分析。采用随机效应或固定效应模型计算95%置信区间(ci)的合并优势比(ORs)。研究质量通过纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表进行评估。结果:纵向证据支持牙齿脱落和认知能力下降之间的联系。具体而言,牙齿脱落与痴呆(OR = 1.26[1.07, 1.49])和MCI (OR = 1.40[1.14, 1.71])的风险增加相关。牙髓病的风险更高(痴呆:OR = 1.16 [1.09, 1.23]; MCI: OR = 1.90[1.07, 3.35])。亚组分析显示,女性和西方人群的风险更高。在牙齿缺失的个体中,使用假牙可以降低痴呆风险(OR = 1.03[0.82, 1.28])。结论:缺牙可加速认知能力下降,缺牙越严重,认知能力恶化越严重。假牙可以通过恢复咀嚼功能来减轻这种影响。鉴于牙齿脱落是认知障碍的一个可改变的危险因素,预防性牙齿保健和及时的修复治疗可能在保持老年人大脑健康方面发挥保护作用。
{"title":"Dentition-Cognition Relationship in Aging Populations: A Meta-Analysis of Longitudinal Data.","authors":"Huimin Chen, Ling Ji, Yilin Wang, Iven Klineberg, Hui Chen","doi":"10.1111/joor.70149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/joor.70149","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Recent research suggests a potential link between tooth loss and cognitive decline among the elderly population, but longitudinal evidence remains limited.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This meta-analysis aims to investigate the longitudinal relationship between dentition status (tooth loss/edentulism) and cognitive outcomes (dementia/MCI) in aging populations.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A systematic search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science up to February 2025. Twenty-one longitudinal studies (N = 35 744 989 participants) meeting inclusion criteria were analysed. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using random- or fixed-effects models. Study quality was assessed via the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Longitudinal evidence supports a connection between tooth loss and cognitive decline. Specifically, tooth loss was associated with increased risks of dementia (OR = 1.26 [1.07, 1.49]) and MCI (OR = 1.40 [1.14, 1.71]). Edentulism showed higher risks (dementia: OR = 1.16 [1.09, 1.23]; MCI: OR = 1.90 [1.07, 3.35]). Subgroup analyses revealed greater risks in women and Western populations. Denture use mitigated dementia risk in individuals with tooth loss (OR = 1.03 [0.82, 1.28]).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Tooth loss may accelerate cognitive decline, with more severe loss correlating to greater deterioration. Dentures could help mitigate this effect by restoring chewing function. Given that tooth loss is a modifiable risk factor for cognitive impairment, preventive dental care and timely prosthodontic treatment may play a protective role in maintaining brain health among older adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":16605,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145998310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Comparative Analysis of Oral Hypofunction in Community-Dwelling Adults in Japan and Clinic-Recruited Community-Dwelling Adults in Switzerland: A Cross-Sectional Study. 日本社区居民和瑞士临床招募的社区居民口腔功能减退的比较分析:一项横断面研究。
IF 4 3区 医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE Pub Date : 2026-01-19 DOI: 10.1111/joor.70144
Risako Mikami, Matsuo Koichiro, Lisa Takeshita, Misaki Tanaka, Claudio Rodrigues Leles, Dusit Nantanapiboon, Rena Hidaka, Manabu Kanazawa, Murali Srinivasan

Background: Oral hypofunction (OHF) is a multidimensional condition representing a subclinical decline in oral function. Cross-national comparisons using standardised criteria remain limited.

Objectives: This study aimed to compare the prevalence and characteristics of OHF among community-dwelling adults in Japan and Switzerland and to examine age-related patterns using standardised assessments.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in community settings in Japan (153 participants) and in a university dental clinic in Switzerland (117 participants). OHF assessments were performed between May 2023 and January 2024 in Japan and between December 2023 and January 2024 in Switzerland. Data were collected by trained and calibrated examiners from both countries following standardised protocols. OHF was diagnosed when three or more of the seven oral function domains, including oral hygiene, oral dryness, occlusal force, tongue-lip motor function, tongue pressure, masticatory function, and swallowing function, were impaired. Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed with OHF as the outcome after adjusting for country, age, and covariates. Interactions between country and age were also investigated.

Results: The prevalence of OHF was 30.7% in Japanese participants and 49.6% in Swiss participants (p = 0.002). The Swiss participants demonstrated significantly better oral hygiene (p < 0.001), while the Japanese participants showed better tongue pressure (p = 0.026), lip-tongue motor function (p < 0.001), maximum occlusal force (p = 0.002), and masticatory function (p < 0.001). In logistic regression, OHF was associated with Swiss nationality (odds ratio [OR]: 3.85, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.85-8.00, p < 0.001), age ≥ 70 years (OR: 5.73, 95% CI: 1.67-19.68, p = 0.006, compared to those in their 20s), lower hand grip strength (OR: 0.91, 95% CI: 0.87-0.96, p = 0.001), and fewer teeth (OR: 0.94, 95% CI: 0.89-0.98, p = 0.008). A significant interaction between country and age indicated differing age-related OHF progression between the Japanese and Swiss populations.

Conclusion: Both populations exhibited age-related declines in oral function; however, functional impairment was more prevalent and progressive in Switzerland. These findings support the cross-cultural applicability of the OHF criteria and underscore the need for population-specific preventive strategies.

背景:口腔功能减退(OHF)是一种多维度的口腔功能亚临床下降。使用标准化标准的跨国比较仍然有限。目的:本研究旨在比较日本和瑞士社区居民中OHF的患病率和特征,并使用标准化评估检查与年龄相关的模式。方法:横断面研究分别在日本社区(153名参与者)和瑞士一所大学牙科诊所(117名参与者)进行。OHF评估于2023年5月至2024年1月在日本进行,于2023年12月至2024年1月在瑞士进行。数据由来自两国的经过培训和校准的审查员按照标准化方案收集。当七个口腔功能领域中的三个或更多,包括口腔卫生、口腔干燥、咬合力、舌唇运动功能、舌压、咀嚼功能和吞咽功能受损时,诊断为OHF。在调整国家、年龄和协变量后,以OHF作为结果进行多重逻辑回归分析。还调查了国家和年龄之间的相互作用。结果:OHF在日本和瑞士的患病率分别为30.7%和49.6% (p = 0.002)。结论:两国人群的口腔功能都呈现出与年龄相关的下降;然而,功能损害在瑞士更为普遍和渐进。这些发现支持了OHF标准的跨文化适用性,并强调了针对特定人群的预防策略的必要性。
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引用次数: 0
Standardised Surface Electromyography During Clenching and Swallowing: Patient Perception and Comparison of Two Protocols: An Observational Study on a Healthy Population. 握紧和吞咽时的标准化表面肌电图:患者感知和两种方案的比较:一项对健康人群的观察性研究。
IF 4 3区 医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE Pub Date : 2026-01-19 DOI: 10.1111/joor.70145
Giacomo Begnoni, Guy Willems, Sonia Coman, Julie De Vlieger, Isa den Boer, Lies Dekoster, Anke Vandeberg, Emilie Willems, Maria Cadenas de Llano-Pérula

Aim: To compare standardised surface electromyography (ssEMG) data and patient perception between two EMG standardisation methods for clenching (cotton rolls vs. wax pads) and swallowing (with vs. without an air-filled bulb). The third aim was to analyse ssEMG data during saliva swallowing to detect differences among masseter (MM), temporalis (TM) and submental (SM) activity.

Methods: Electromyographic data were obtained from 45 participants after clenching tests with wax pads and cotton rolls, and swallowing tests with and without an air bulb. Participants rated comfort, quickness, and stress of each modality on a 10-point Likert scale. TM, MM and SM activities were recorded using ssEMG indices. Clenching and swallowing data were compared using the Student's t-test. A one-way ANOVA was used to assess muscle roles during saliva swallowing. Perception scores were compared with the Student's t-test.

Results: Forty-five participants (37 women, mean age 22.75 ± 1.27 years) were included. No differences emerged between ssEMG indices during clenching and swallowing, except for the IMPACT index of MM (p < 0.001) and TM (p < 0.01), both lower with wax. No perception differences were found between wax and cotton roll clenching. Swallowing with an air bulb was rated as more comfortable (p < 0.001) and less stressful (p < 0.05). During swallowing, SM showed significantly higher activity and longer duration (p < 0.001) than TM and MM.

Conclusion: Both cotton rolls and wax pads are suitable for clenching standardisation, though wax may reduce TM and MM activity. For swallowing, the air-filled bulb does not affect ssEMG indices but is perceived as more comfortable and less stressful.

目的:比较两种标准化肌电图(ssEMG)数据和患者对握紧(棉卷与蜡垫)和吞咽(带充气球与不带充气球)的感知。第三个目的是分析吞咽唾液时的ssEMG数据,以检测咬肌(MM)、颞肌(TM)和颏下肌(SM)活动的差异。方法:对45例受试者进行蜡垫、棉签握紧试验和有、无空气球吞咽试验,获得肌电图数据。参与者以10分的李克特量表对每种模式的舒适度、快速性和压力进行评分。利用ssEMG指数记录TM、MM和SM活性。握拳和吞咽数据采用学生t检验进行比较。单因素方差分析用于评估唾液吞咽过程中肌肉的作用。知觉得分与学生t检验进行比较。结果:纳入45例(女性37例,平均年龄22.75±1.27岁)。结论:棉卷和蜡垫均适用于咬合标准,但蜡垫可降低TM和MM活性。对于吞咽,充气球不影响ssEMG指数,但被认为更舒适,压力更小。
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引用次数: 0
Development of Multiple Risk Prediction Models for Postoperative Symptoms Following Dental Implant Surgery. 种植牙术后症状的多重风险预测模型的建立
IF 4 3区 医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE Pub Date : 2026-01-16 DOI: 10.1111/joor.70146
Xiaowen Ma, Huiwen Zeng, Yajin Li, Yue Yang

Background: Dental implants have become a widely accepted solution for replacing missing teeth. Despite their high success rates, postoperative discomfort such as pain, swelling and foreign body sensation is commonly experienced by patients. However, the prediction of such outcomes based on patient characteristics remains underexplored.

Objective: Develop and validate risk models for patient-reported postoperative symptoms after dental implant surgery.

Methods: A total of 506 patients who underwent dental implant surgery between January 2024 and December 2024 were included. Postoperative symptoms were assessed using Numerical Rating Scales (NRS) ranging from 0 to 10. Multivariable ordinal logistic regression models were developed to predict the severity of swelling, pain and foreign body sensation based on clinical and demographic factors.

Results: Among 506 patients, swelling occurred in 65.6% (47.0% mild; 18.6% moderate-severe), pain in 55.6% (51.4% mild; 4.2% moderate-severe) and foreign-body sensation in 63.1% (53.0% mild; 10.1% moderate-severe). Increased swelling was independently associated with female sex, hypertension, multiple surgical sites, membrane use and 4.8-mm diameter implants. Pain was associated with multiple sites and bone substitute use. Foreign-body sensation decreased with age and increased with multiple sites.

Conclusions: Postoperative discomfort is common after dental implant surgery, with significant variability in severity. Identifying key predictors of symptoms can help tailor preoperative counselling and postoperative interventions to improve patient outcomes and satisfaction.

背景:种植牙已经成为一种被广泛接受的替代缺牙的方法。尽管成功率很高,但术后疼痛、肿胀、异物感等不适仍是患者普遍经历的。然而,基于患者特征的此类结果预测仍未得到充分探索。目的:建立和验证患者报告的种植牙术后症状的风险模型。方法:选取2024年1月至2024年12月间行种植牙手术的患者506例。采用数值评定量表(NRS)评估术后症状,评分范围从0到10。建立多变量有序逻辑回归模型,根据临床和人口统计学因素预测肿胀、疼痛和异物感的严重程度。结果:506例患者中,肿胀发生率为65.6%(47.0%为轻度,18.6%为中重度),疼痛发生率为55.6%(51.4%为轻度,4.2%为中重度),异物感发生率为63.1%(53.0%为轻度,10.1%为中重度)。肿胀增加与女性、高血压、多手术部位、膜使用和4.8 mm直径植入物独立相关。疼痛与多个部位和骨替代物的使用有关。异物感随年龄增长而下降,多部位异物感增加。结论:种植牙术后不适是常见的,其严重程度有显著差异。确定症状的关键预测因素可以帮助量身定制术前咨询和术后干预措施,以改善患者的预后和满意度。
{"title":"Development of Multiple Risk Prediction Models for Postoperative Symptoms Following Dental Implant Surgery.","authors":"Xiaowen Ma, Huiwen Zeng, Yajin Li, Yue Yang","doi":"10.1111/joor.70146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/joor.70146","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dental implants have become a widely accepted solution for replacing missing teeth. Despite their high success rates, postoperative discomfort such as pain, swelling and foreign body sensation is commonly experienced by patients. However, the prediction of such outcomes based on patient characteristics remains underexplored.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Develop and validate risk models for patient-reported postoperative symptoms after dental implant surgery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 506 patients who underwent dental implant surgery between January 2024 and December 2024 were included. Postoperative symptoms were assessed using Numerical Rating Scales (NRS) ranging from 0 to 10. Multivariable ordinal logistic regression models were developed to predict the severity of swelling, pain and foreign body sensation based on clinical and demographic factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 506 patients, swelling occurred in 65.6% (47.0% mild; 18.6% moderate-severe), pain in 55.6% (51.4% mild; 4.2% moderate-severe) and foreign-body sensation in 63.1% (53.0% mild; 10.1% moderate-severe). Increased swelling was independently associated with female sex, hypertension, multiple surgical sites, membrane use and 4.8-mm diameter implants. Pain was associated with multiple sites and bone substitute use. Foreign-body sensation decreased with age and increased with multiple sites.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Postoperative discomfort is common after dental implant surgery, with significant variability in severity. Identifying key predictors of symptoms can help tailor preoperative counselling and postoperative interventions to improve patient outcomes and satisfaction.</p>","PeriodicalId":16605,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145989651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The OMA-Project-Orofacial Myofunctional Behaviour in Adults: Effectiveness of Orofacial Myofunctional Therapy Protocols in Healthy Young Adults With Orofacial Myofunctional Disorders. 成人口腔面肌功能行为:口腔面肌功能治疗方案对患有口腔面肌功能障碍的健康青年的有效性
IF 4 3区 医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE Pub Date : 2026-01-16 DOI: 10.1111/joor.70150
Charis Van der Straeten, Jolien Verbeke, Kim Bettens, Guy De Pauw, Kristiane Van Lierde
<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to assess the short- and long-term effectiveness of two intensive Orofacial Myofunctional Therapy (OMT) protocols on orofacial myofunctional status, orofacial strength and Oral Health Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL). One protocol focused exclusively on breathing patterns and orofacial posture (Breathing and Posture Only group; OMT<sub>BPO</sub>), while the other also incorporated orofacial muscle strengthening and swallowing patterns (Breathing, Posture, Strength and Swallowing group; OMT<sub>BPSS</sub>). Additionally, adherence to home-based exercises and satisfaction with OMT intervention were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A convenience sample of 14 young adults was recruited and randomly allocated to one of the two therapy groups in this longitudinal, multigroup, pre-test-post-test study. Evaluations were conducted pre-OMT, immediately post-OMT, and at a 6-month follow-up. Each group (OMT<sub>BPO</sub> and OMT<sub>BPSS</sub>) consisted of 7 participants (mean age: 19.1 years, SD: 0.69 years; and 18.8 years, SD: 0.55 years, respectively). Besides a clinical assessment, orofacial myofunctional status was evaluated using the Orofacial Myofunctional Evaluation with Scores (OMES). Tongue and lip strength and endurance were measured with the Iowa Oral Performance Instrument (IOPI), and OHRQoL was evaluated using the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-NL14) questionnaire. Therapy satisfaction was evaluated using a custom questionnaire with visual analogue scales.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The linear mixed models analysis revealed no significant changes in OMES scores, orofacial strength and endurance or OHRQoL measures post-intervention or at follow-up. Generalised estimating equations analysis showed no immediate post-therapy improvements in tongue posture; however, both OMT<sub>BPO</sub> (p = 0.023) and OMT<sub>BPSS</sub> (p = 0.033) demonstrated significant improvements at follow-up. While descriptive analysis suggested improvements in swallowing patterns post-therapy and at follow-up, these changes were not statistically significant. The OMT<sub>BPSS</sub> group showed a significantly higher adherence rate than the OMT<sub>BPO</sub> group (p = 0.026). Although therapy satisfaction was higher in the OMT<sub>BPSS</sub> group, this difference was not statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Within the limitations of this study, including a small sample size of healthy young adults, the findings suggest that an intensive 5-week OMT intervention may be sufficient to train motor skills necessary for improving orofacial functions. As improvements in orofacial myofunctional behaviour were similar across both OMT interventions, the more extensive program as offered in the OMT<sub>BPSS</sub> group may not provide additional benefits regarding the orofacial myofunctional outcomes for this population. However, variation in therapy content may be important for promoting a
目的:本研究旨在评估两种强化口面部肌功能治疗(OMT)方案对口面部肌功能状态、口面部力量和口腔健康相关生活质量(OHRQoL)的短期和长期效果。一种方案专门关注呼吸模式和口面部姿势(仅呼吸和姿势组;OMTBPO),而另一种方案还包括口面部肌肉强化和吞咽模式(呼吸、姿势、力量和吞咽组;OMTBPSS)。此外,对家庭锻炼的依从性和对OMT干预的满意度进行了评估。方法:在这项纵向、多组、前-后-测试研究中,招募了14名年轻人作为方便样本,随机分配到两个治疗组中的一个。评估分别在omt前、omt后和6个月随访时进行。每组(OMTBPO和OMTBPSS)由7名参与者组成,平均年龄分别为19.1岁和18.8岁,SD分别为0.69岁和0.55岁。除临床评估外,还使用颅面肌功能评分法(OMES)评估颅面肌功能状态。采用爱荷华口腔性能仪(IOPI)测量舌、唇强度和耐力,采用口腔健康影响量表(OHIP-NL14)评估OHRQoL。治疗满意度评估使用自定义问卷与视觉模拟量表。结果:线性混合模型分析显示,干预后或随访时,OMES评分、口面部力量和耐力或OHRQoL测量均无显著变化。广义估计方程分析显示治疗后舌位没有立即改善;然而,OMTBPO (p = 0.023)和OMTBPSS (p = 0.033)在随访中均表现出显著改善。虽然描述性分析表明治疗后和随访时吞咽模式有所改善,但这些变化没有统计学意义。OMTBPSS组依从率明显高于OMTBPO组(p = 0.026)。虽然OMTBPSS组的治疗满意度较高,但差异无统计学意义。结论:在本研究的局限性内,包括小样本的健康年轻人,研究结果表明,5周的强化OMT干预可能足以训练改善口面部功能所需的运动技能。由于两种OMT干预措施对口面部肌功能行为的改善相似,因此在OMTBPSS组中提供的更广泛的方案可能不会对该人群的口面部肌功能结果提供额外的益处。然而,治疗内容的变化可能对促进依从性和治疗满意度很重要。未来的研究需要涉及更大、更多样化的样本、临床人群和更长的随访期,以评估这些发现的普遍性和长期稳定性。
{"title":"The OMA-Project-Orofacial Myofunctional Behaviour in Adults: Effectiveness of Orofacial Myofunctional Therapy Protocols in Healthy Young Adults With Orofacial Myofunctional Disorders.","authors":"Charis Van der Straeten, Jolien Verbeke, Kim Bettens, Guy De Pauw, Kristiane Van Lierde","doi":"10.1111/joor.70150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/joor.70150","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objectives: &lt;/strong&gt;This study aimed to assess the short- and long-term effectiveness of two intensive Orofacial Myofunctional Therapy (OMT) protocols on orofacial myofunctional status, orofacial strength and Oral Health Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL). One protocol focused exclusively on breathing patterns and orofacial posture (Breathing and Posture Only group; OMT&lt;sub&gt;BPO&lt;/sub&gt;), while the other also incorporated orofacial muscle strengthening and swallowing patterns (Breathing, Posture, Strength and Swallowing group; OMT&lt;sub&gt;BPSS&lt;/sub&gt;). Additionally, adherence to home-based exercises and satisfaction with OMT intervention were evaluated.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;A convenience sample of 14 young adults was recruited and randomly allocated to one of the two therapy groups in this longitudinal, multigroup, pre-test-post-test study. Evaluations were conducted pre-OMT, immediately post-OMT, and at a 6-month follow-up. Each group (OMT&lt;sub&gt;BPO&lt;/sub&gt; and OMT&lt;sub&gt;BPSS&lt;/sub&gt;) consisted of 7 participants (mean age: 19.1 years, SD: 0.69 years; and 18.8 years, SD: 0.55 years, respectively). Besides a clinical assessment, orofacial myofunctional status was evaluated using the Orofacial Myofunctional Evaluation with Scores (OMES). Tongue and lip strength and endurance were measured with the Iowa Oral Performance Instrument (IOPI), and OHRQoL was evaluated using the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-NL14) questionnaire. Therapy satisfaction was evaluated using a custom questionnaire with visual analogue scales.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The linear mixed models analysis revealed no significant changes in OMES scores, orofacial strength and endurance or OHRQoL measures post-intervention or at follow-up. Generalised estimating equations analysis showed no immediate post-therapy improvements in tongue posture; however, both OMT&lt;sub&gt;BPO&lt;/sub&gt; (p = 0.023) and OMT&lt;sub&gt;BPSS&lt;/sub&gt; (p = 0.033) demonstrated significant improvements at follow-up. While descriptive analysis suggested improvements in swallowing patterns post-therapy and at follow-up, these changes were not statistically significant. The OMT&lt;sub&gt;BPSS&lt;/sub&gt; group showed a significantly higher adherence rate than the OMT&lt;sub&gt;BPO&lt;/sub&gt; group (p = 0.026). Although therapy satisfaction was higher in the OMT&lt;sub&gt;BPSS&lt;/sub&gt; group, this difference was not statistically significant.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;Within the limitations of this study, including a small sample size of healthy young adults, the findings suggest that an intensive 5-week OMT intervention may be sufficient to train motor skills necessary for improving orofacial functions. As improvements in orofacial myofunctional behaviour were similar across both OMT interventions, the more extensive program as offered in the OMT&lt;sub&gt;BPSS&lt;/sub&gt; group may not provide additional benefits regarding the orofacial myofunctional outcomes for this population. However, variation in therapy content may be important for promoting a","PeriodicalId":16605,"journal":{"name":"Journal of oral rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145989705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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Journal of oral rehabilitation
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