Journal of oleo science最新文献

Metabolic syndrome (MetS), a leading non-communicable disease (NCD), has become a pronounced health problem. It is typified by obesity, insulin insensitivity, hypertension, and dyslipidemia, with obesity playing a central pathogenic role. Excessive adipose tissue accumulation promotes chronic inflammation, insulin resistance, and widespread metabolic dysregulation, significantly increasing the risk of systemic diseases. We established a MetS rat model via a high-fat/high-glucose (HFHG) diet. Rats were assigned to three groups: a normal control (Control), a MetS model (MetS), and a MetS group was treated with Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), including docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) (MetS + Omega-3 PUFAs). Compared to Controls, MetS rats exhibited marked increases in body weight (over 20%), triglycerides (TG), insulin (INS), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), total cholesterol (TC), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and fasting plasma glucose (FPG), confirming successful model induction. Histological analysis revealed pronounced aortic endothelial fibrosis in MetS rats, which was notably alleviated by omega-3 PUFA treatment. Oxidative-stress markers were significantly improved in the "MetS + Omega-3 PUFAs" group relative to the untreated MetS group. Additionally, lipid parameters (TG, TC, LDL-C) and insulin levels were substantially reduced, approaching those of the Control group. Collectively, these findings indicate that omega-3 PUFAs mitigate oxidative stress, correct metabolic dysfunction, and attenuate vascular fibrosis in MetS rats, underscoring their therapeutic potential in managing dysfunctional metabolism.

In this study, the total phenol, total flavonoid content, antioxidant capacity, phenolic component and fatty acid profiles of caper seed oils extracted by solvent extraction, sonication extraction and cold press methods were revealed. Total phenol amounts of caper seed oils extracted by cold press, sonication and solvent systems were recorded as 0.10, 0.11 and 0.16 mg GAE/100 g, respectively. There was no statistically significant differences between the total phenol values of caper seed oils provided by sonication and cold press systems (p > 0.05). While the flavonoid amount of the oil extracted from caper seeds by solvent extraction system is determined as 358.9 mg CE/100 g, the total flavonoid amounts of caper seed oils extracted by sonication and cold pressing methods were established as 194.6 and 83.9 mgCE/100 g, respectively. The highest antioxidant capacity was established in the oil provided by solvent extraction (1.456%), followed by ultrasonic extraction (1.453%) and cold press oil (1.448%) in decreasing order. The dominant phenolic components of caper seed oils were quercetin, kaempferol, gallic acid, resveratrol and catechin. The fatty acid detected at the highest value in caper oils extracted by different extraction systems was linoleic acid (61.16-62.74%), followed by oleic, palmitic and stearic acids in decreasing order. Other fatty acids were recorded at low levels. As a result, it can be said that the caper oil extracted by solvent extraction is richer in quercetin and linoleic acid.

Biological activities observed in living systems occur as the output of which nanometer-, submicrometer-, and micrometer-sized structures and tissues non-linearly and dynamically behave through chemical reaction networks, including the generation of various molecules and their assembly and disassembly. To understand the essence of the dynamic behavior in living systems, simpler artificial objects that exhibit cell-like non-linear phenomena have been recently constructed. However, most objects exhibiting cell-like dynamics have been found through trial-and-error experiments, and there are no strategies for designing them as molecular systems. This review describes how cell-like dynamics of oil droplets in surfactant solution, such as self-propelled motion, chemotaxis, division, and deformation, are induced by combining molecular properties of system components toward self-propelled microrobots.

Tangeretin is one of the most abundant polymethoxyflavones in citrus peel and its pharmacological effects are extremely rich. However, due to its poor solubility, bitter taste and poor oral bioavailability, the oral administration of tangeretin is still limited, which seriously limits its application in industrial production. The establishment of encapsulation and delivery systems to improve bioavailability is an effective method. This paper reviewed the research progress of the structure and properties, pharmacological effects and main methods to improve bioavailability of tangeretin, including emulsion delivery, lipid encapsulation, microencapsulation and other delivery and utilization research and application. The article aims to provide theoretical basis for the high-value application of tangeretin in functional food and pharmaceutical industry.

White mineral oil (paraffin oil) is a colorless, tasteless and hydrophobic oil used in many different industries. The oil is prone to oxidation, which negatively affects its properties and performance. In this study, six different essential oils obtained from herbs and spices (Sage, Laurel, Basil, Rosemary, Thyme, Oregano) were added to pharmaceutical and technical grade white mineral oils at 0.1 - 0.8 % (w/w) concentrations. Light, heat and air were applied to induce and accelerate oxidation. The total acid number, viscosity, and DPPH radical scavenging activity of the oils were measured in addition to the TGA and DSC tests to evaluate the anti-oxidation performance of the additives. The results showed that combined heat and oxygen treatment was the most effective of the three conditions tested to cause oxidation. The highest DPPH scavenging activities were obtained with oregano and thyme essential oils (up to 59% and 54% DPPH increase, respectively) and DPPH% activity increased linearly with increasing essential oil concentration. Thermal analyses, total acid number and viscosity change data also suggested the essential oils of Thyme, Oregano and Laurel as the best antioxidant additives to be used in white oils.

The development of an optimal material design is crucial for rice bran wax (RBW) to achieve significant advancements in value-added byproducts. In this study, emulsifier-free, submicron-sized, monodisperse RBW particles were prepared via melt emulsification using a combination of a high-HLB emulsifier-decaglycerin stearate or Tween 20-and a low-HLB emulsifier-glyceryl stearate or Span 20. High dispersibility was achieved due to the zeta-potential generated by the surrounding surfactants, resulting in monodispersed submicron-sized RBW particles. Surface cleaning with ethanol effectively removed surface-adsorbed emulsifiers, yielding emulsion-free RBW particles. Due to the hydrophobic nature of the wax particles, high solvent repellencies were observed, along with the formation of colloidal assemblies such as liquid marbles and W/O Pickering emulsions using cosmetics-applicable liquids. Based on X-ray diffraction analysis and differential scanning calorimetry, RBW was identified as a promising candidate for emulsifier-free submicron-sized particles due to its high crystallinity, which facilitates the effective elimination of emulsifiers.

This study aimed to investigate the aroma compounds in fresh leaves and their dried powders in Angelica acutiloba Kitagawa (yamato-tōki). Essential oils were extracted from the dried powders of leaves in A. acutiloba Kitagawa using a simultaneous distillation extraction (SDE) technique and analyzed using GC/MS. The phthalides in the essential oils were accounted for 41.46%, followed by sesquiterpene hydrocarbonds (19.45%) and monoterpene hydrocarbonds (18.74%). A major component in the oils, detected at 34.95%, was isolated using silica gel column chromatography and determined as (Z)-ligustilide using 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy. We also purified (Z)-butylidenephthalide as the minor phthalide. In the oils extracted from fresh leaves using SDE, the monoterpene hydrocarbonds were accounted for 52.69%, followed by phthalides (20.95%) and sesquiterpene hydrocarbonds (10.63%). The most dominant aroma compound identified was γ-terpinene, followed by (Z)-ligustilide, p-cymene and β-caryophyllene using GC/MS. Both oils exhibited a celery-like aroma. It could be revealed that investigations on the composition of related phthalides in Angelica varieties are necessary to clarify their therapeutic effects and mechanisms.

Arctium lappa L. (burdock) leaves is effective in the traditional treatment of stroke. Fatty acids are abundant in burdock leaves, and may play an important role in the treatment of stroke. A new procedure was presented that provides ¹³C NMR-based quantitative measurements of total content, average chain length, average degree of unsaturation, and average polyunsaturation of fatty acids in burdock leaves from five producing areas. The content of five fatty acids in burdock leaves, including α-linolenic acid, linoleic acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid, and stearic acid, were further determined by HPLC-CAD. Among five producing areas, the results of ¹³C qNMR showed that the content of total fatty acids in burdock leaves ranged from 8.62 to 24.51 μmol·g^-1, the average chain length ranged from 19.67 to 23.14, the average degree of unsaturation ranged from 1.19 to 3.91, and the average polyunsaturated moieties ranged from 0.23 to 2.37. The results of HPLC-CAD showed that the contents of α-linolenic acid, linoleic acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid and stearic acid were 0.66 - 6.60 mg·g^-1, 0.38-4.41 mg·g^-1, 0.46-3.55 mg·g^-1, 0.18-0.20 mg·g^-1 and 0.10-0.32 mg·g^-1 respectively. The developed ¹³C qNMR method can accurately determine the total fatty acids content and provide relevant information on the fatty acids structure types in burdock leaves. This method is capable of complementing existing fatty acids quantitative methodologies, circumventing their deficiencies, and its application can be extended to other plants.

The precise understanding and control of the phase behavior of surfactant aqueous systems have enabled the development of diverse materials in the fields of foods, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals. In this study, we investigated aqueous systems of the bio-based surfactants alkyl β-d-galactosides (CnGals, where n represents the chain length; n = 6, 8, 10, 11, and 12). First, we confirmed that CnGals aqueous systems formed micelle solutions upon heating and hydrogel upon cooling. In particular, decyl β-d-galactoside (C10Gal) exhibited a homogeneous fiber morphology at low concentrations (0.1 wt.%), whereas larger n values afforded an inhomogeneous solid matrix and smaller n values required higher concentrations or did not form a fiber structure. In addition, the C10Gal micelles solubilized curcuminoid dyes such as demethoxycurcumin and curcumin and allowed preparing luminescent fibers upon cooling the solution. The removal of water afforded the corresponding C10Gal-dye solid composite with a high luminescence quantum yield. Powder X-ray diffraction and differential thermal analysis suggested the formation of a stable adduct or cocrystal with a unique interaction between the curcuminoid dyes and C10Gal. Therefore, we successfully prepared an environmentally friendly, highly luminescent organic solid via micelle-to-fiber transition of an environmentally friendly surfactant induced by a mild temperature change.