Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.4103/jofs.jofs_235_21
D. Vasamsetti, Srinivas Pachava, Devaki Talluri
Introduction: The systematic review presented here aims to determine and find out the clinical efficacy of various remineralization agents for early enamel caries. Materials and methods: An aggregate of 240 articles has been retrieved from PubMed, Cochrane Library, Trip, and Google scholarly databases from 2010 to 2020, of which 18 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have been integrated into this systematic review, and six of which were considered for meta-analysis. The risk of bias in each study was evaluated using the Cochrane collaboration’s tool. Results: Ten of the 18 studies suggest that carious lesions are successfully minimized by remineralization. Four studies showed superior efficacy of casein phosphopeptide and amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) in the remineralization of white spot lesions. There was no statistically significant difference (standard mean difference = −0.18, 95% confidence interval: −0.48 to 0.12, P = 0.23) between the experimental and control groups. Conclusion: This review has demonstrated an absence of dependable proof supporting the clinical adequacy of remineralizing agents. Therefore, RCTs in well-designed forms are needed to enhance all sorts of evidence in this field.
{"title":"Remineralizing Agents in the Prevention of Caries: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials","authors":"D. Vasamsetti, Srinivas Pachava, Devaki Talluri","doi":"10.4103/jofs.jofs_235_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jofs.jofs_235_21","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The systematic review presented here aims to determine and find out the clinical efficacy of various remineralization agents for early enamel caries. Materials and methods: An aggregate of 240 articles has been retrieved from PubMed, Cochrane Library, Trip, and Google scholarly databases from 2010 to 2020, of which 18 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have been integrated into this systematic review, and six of which were considered for meta-analysis. The risk of bias in each study was evaluated using the Cochrane collaboration’s tool. Results: Ten of the 18 studies suggest that carious lesions are successfully minimized by remineralization. Four studies showed superior efficacy of casein phosphopeptide and amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) in the remineralization of white spot lesions. There was no statistically significant difference (standard mean difference = −0.18, 95% confidence interval: −0.48 to 0.12, P = 0.23) between the experimental and control groups. Conclusion: This review has demonstrated an absence of dependable proof supporting the clinical adequacy of remineralizing agents. Therefore, RCTs in well-designed forms are needed to enhance all sorts of evidence in this field.","PeriodicalId":16651,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orofacial Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":"121 - 128"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42887370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Oral reactive lesions are relatively common. Collagen is the basic component of such overgrowths that could be fibrous or inflammatory. Hence, understanding the type, nature, and distribution of collagen fibers can aid in our knowledge and better management of these lesions. Materials and Methods: Ten paraffin blocks of each of the following lesions − giant-cell granuloma (L1), inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia (L2), pyogenic granuloma (L3), fibroma (L4), and peripheral ossifying fibroma (L5) − were retrieved from the archives. They were analyzed for their collagen birefringence property under polarized microscopy after picrosirius red stain. The demographic details of all the cases were recorded and evaluated. Results: In our study, giant-cell granulomas were commonly observed between third and seventh decades of life, inflammatory fibrous hyperplasias between second and fifth decades of life, yogenic granulomas in sixth decade, fibromas in fifth and sixth decades, and peripheral ossifying fibromas in second and fourth decade of life. All the lesions were predominant in females and commonly observed on gingiva. L5 lesions showed more areas of green birefringence followed by L1, L2, and L3 groups of lesions showed more of red birefringence than other lesions. Mixed birefringence of orange-red and green-yellow was almost same in all the lesions. All these findings were significant statistically. Conclusion: A plausible conclusion that the lesions with mature red fibers have better prognosis than the lesions with immature green fibers, in reactive oral lesions could be drawn.
{"title":"Evaluation of Collagen Birefringence in Oral Reactive Lesions Using Picrosirius Red Stain Under Polarized Light Microscopy: An Observational Microscopic Study","authors":"A. Shirona, U. Hegde, H. Sreeshyla","doi":"10.4103/jofs.jofs_84_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jofs.jofs_84_21","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Oral reactive lesions are relatively common. Collagen is the basic component of such overgrowths that could be fibrous or inflammatory. Hence, understanding the type, nature, and distribution of collagen fibers can aid in our knowledge and better management of these lesions. Materials and Methods: Ten paraffin blocks of each of the following lesions − giant-cell granuloma (L1), inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia (L2), pyogenic granuloma (L3), fibroma (L4), and peripheral ossifying fibroma (L5) − were retrieved from the archives. They were analyzed for their collagen birefringence property under polarized microscopy after picrosirius red stain. The demographic details of all the cases were recorded and evaluated. Results: In our study, giant-cell granulomas were commonly observed between third and seventh decades of life, inflammatory fibrous hyperplasias between second and fifth decades of life, yogenic granulomas in sixth decade, fibromas in fifth and sixth decades, and peripheral ossifying fibromas in second and fourth decade of life. All the lesions were predominant in females and commonly observed on gingiva. L5 lesions showed more areas of green birefringence followed by L1, L2, and L3 groups of lesions showed more of red birefringence than other lesions. Mixed birefringence of orange-red and green-yellow was almost same in all the lesions. All these findings were significant statistically. Conclusion: A plausible conclusion that the lesions with mature red fibers have better prognosis than the lesions with immature green fibers, in reactive oral lesions could be drawn.","PeriodicalId":16651,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orofacial Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":"47 - 53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45682209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bose Divya, U. Rao, R. Thavarajah, E. Joshua, K. Ranganathan
Introduction: The association of human papillomavirus (HPV) in cervical and oropharyngeal cancer is well established. There is a growing evidence that HPV could possibly contribute to oral cancer along with alcohol and tobacco use. The aim of this study was to evaluate and quantify HPV-16 in the whole mouth fluid of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), cervical cancer, and normal controls. Materials and Methods: The whole mouth fluid of 20 patients with OSCC (Group I), 10 with cervical cancer (Group II), and 10 normal individuals (Group III) was collected by the spit technique. The DNA was extracted and quantified by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Data were analyzed by SPSS 21 (IBM Corp. Released 2012, Armonk, NY: IBM Corp) software and analysis of variance test was used. Results: The mean age of Group I patients was 50.9 ± 13.5 years, Group II was 51.6 ± 8.07 years, and Group III was 46 ± 8.5 years. In Group I, 15 were males and 5 were females. In Group III, 5 were males and 5 were females. Eight patients belonging to Group I, four of Group II, and seven of Group III had HPV-16 in their whole mouth fluid. Conclusion: HPV-16 was identified in the whole mouth fluid of OSCC, patients with cervical cancer, and even in normal controls. However, the mean viral loads were highest in patients with cervical cancer followed by patients with OSCC and normal controls.
引言:人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)与子宫颈癌和口咽癌的关系已经得到了很好的证实。越来越多的证据表明，HPV可能会与酒精和烟草的使用一起导致口腔癌。本研究的目的是评估和量化口腔鳞状细胞癌(OSCC)、宫颈癌和正常对照患者全口腔液中的HPV-16。材料与方法:采用唾液法采集20例OSCC患者(ⅰ组)、10例宫颈癌患者(ⅱ组)和10例正常人(ⅲ组)的全口液。提取DNA，用定量聚合酶链反应定量。数据分析采用SPSS 21 (IBM Corp. release 2012, Armonk, NY: IBM Corp)软件，采用方差分析检验。结果:ⅰ组患者平均年龄50.9±13.5岁，ⅱ组患者平均年龄51.6±8.07岁，ⅲ组患者平均年龄46±8.5岁。第一组雄性15只，雌性5只。第三组男性5只，女性5只。ⅰ组8例，ⅱ组4例，ⅲ组7例，全口液中有HPV-16。结论:HPV-16在OSCC患者、宫颈癌患者及正常对照组的全口液中均有检出。然而，宫颈癌患者的平均病毒载量最高，其次是OSCC患者和正常对照。
{"title":"HPV-16 Detection and Quantitation in Whole Mouth Fluid of Oral and Cervical Cancer Patients","authors":"Bose Divya, U. Rao, R. Thavarajah, E. Joshua, K. Ranganathan","doi":"10.4103/jofs.jofs_38_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jofs.jofs_38_21","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The association of human papillomavirus (HPV) in cervical and oropharyngeal cancer is well established. There is a growing evidence that HPV could possibly contribute to oral cancer along with alcohol and tobacco use. The aim of this study was to evaluate and quantify HPV-16 in the whole mouth fluid of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), cervical cancer, and normal controls. Materials and Methods: The whole mouth fluid of 20 patients with OSCC (Group I), 10 with cervical cancer (Group II), and 10 normal individuals (Group III) was collected by the spit technique. The DNA was extracted and quantified by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Data were analyzed by SPSS 21 (IBM Corp. Released 2012, Armonk, NY: IBM Corp) software and analysis of variance test was used. Results: The mean age of Group I patients was 50.9 ± 13.5 years, Group II was 51.6 ± 8.07 years, and Group III was 46 ± 8.5 years. In Group I, 15 were males and 5 were females. In Group III, 5 were males and 5 were females. Eight patients belonging to Group I, four of Group II, and seven of Group III had HPV-16 in their whole mouth fluid. Conclusion: HPV-16 was identified in the whole mouth fluid of OSCC, patients with cervical cancer, and even in normal controls. However, the mean viral loads were highest in patients with cervical cancer followed by patients with OSCC and normal controls.","PeriodicalId":16651,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orofacial Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":"8 - 12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42285789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.4103/jofs.jofs_158_19
J. Ahmed, Mandovi Nath, N. Sujir, N. Shenoy, R. Ongole, Almas Binnal
Introduction: Temporomandibular joint disorders (TMDs) involve abnormalities of either the disc or associated muscular structure. Evidence continues to accumulate regarding the untreated diseases of stomatognathic system, in particular, malocclusion and TMDs, which eventually carry a risk of development of postural disorders. The present study was undertaken to assess the correlation between TMDs and altered cervical range of motion and to review its association with the myogenous causes of TMD. Materials and Methods: A total of 80 patients were recruited and were divided into two groups; those diagnosed with TMDs were classified as cases and those who did not suffer from TMDs and/or cervical spine anomalies were classified as controls. Patients reporting with a positive history of painful joints and muscles were examined and were later referred to the department of physiotherapy, where the cervical range of motion was assessed using Baseline® bubble inclinometer. Cervical range of motion in healthy patients was compared with those affected with TMDs using posthoc Tukey test. Results: There was a significant difference in the values for range of motion and was found to be considerably restricted among the TMD subjects. Disability for the range of motion was statistically significant with a P-value of <0.001 for tests of active flexion, passive flexion, left active flexion, and left passive flexion in patients with myogenous TMDs. Conclusion: TMDs were found to be a significant factor in the occurrence of an impaired cervical range of motion.
{"title":"Effect of Myogenous Temporomandibular Joint Disorders on Cervical Range of Motion: A Prospective Study","authors":"J. Ahmed, Mandovi Nath, N. Sujir, N. Shenoy, R. Ongole, Almas Binnal","doi":"10.4103/jofs.jofs_158_19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jofs.jofs_158_19","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Temporomandibular joint disorders (TMDs) involve abnormalities of either the disc or associated muscular structure. Evidence continues to accumulate regarding the untreated diseases of stomatognathic system, in particular, malocclusion and TMDs, which eventually carry a risk of development of postural disorders. The present study was undertaken to assess the correlation between TMDs and altered cervical range of motion and to review its association with the myogenous causes of TMD. Materials and Methods: A total of 80 patients were recruited and were divided into two groups; those diagnosed with TMDs were classified as cases and those who did not suffer from TMDs and/or cervical spine anomalies were classified as controls. Patients reporting with a positive history of painful joints and muscles were examined and were later referred to the department of physiotherapy, where the cervical range of motion was assessed using Baseline® bubble inclinometer. Cervical range of motion in healthy patients was compared with those affected with TMDs using posthoc Tukey test. Results: There was a significant difference in the values for range of motion and was found to be considerably restricted among the TMD subjects. Disability for the range of motion was statistically significant with a P-value of <0.001 for tests of active flexion, passive flexion, left active flexion, and left passive flexion in patients with myogenous TMDs. Conclusion: TMDs were found to be a significant factor in the occurrence of an impaired cervical range of motion.","PeriodicalId":16651,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orofacial Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":"33 - 38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42473571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.4103/jofs.jofs_124_21
W. Lestari, N. Adanan, N. Mokhtar, Y. Ardini, S. Ichwan, M. Haris
Introduction: Monozygotic (MZ) twins share the same DNA, placenta, amniotic fluid, and physical features. Genetic factors play a prominent role compared to environmental factors in one’s physical appearance, including dental morphology. Here we studied variation in MZ twin’s tooth morphometry and palatal rugae pattern. Materials and methods: Variation between twins can be a valuable tool in forensics to identify individuals. Ten pairs of MZ twins were selected for this research. The maximum coronal mesiodistal and buccopalatal dimension of the maxillary teeth, excluding the second and third molars, were measured in triplicate using calipers. Palatal rugae patterns of the samples were cast, analyzed, and recorded based on shape and unification. Results: Our results showed a significant tooth dimension correlation between MZ twins. Maxillary central incisors had the least genetic variability, but the Carabelli trait, skeletal pattern, occlusion, and occlusal features all exhibited a greater correlation in MZ twins. Our findings provide compelling evidence for mirroring of dental features and palatal rugae patterns in MZ twins. This study is the first of its kind reported in Malaysia. Conclusion: Marked similarities in tooth morphometry and other dental physical features were observed between twins, which can be a useful tool in forensics for the identification of individuals.
{"title":"Tooth Morphometry and Pattern of Palatal Rugae Among Monozygotic Twins in Malaysia","authors":"W. Lestari, N. Adanan, N. Mokhtar, Y. Ardini, S. Ichwan, M. Haris","doi":"10.4103/jofs.jofs_124_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jofs.jofs_124_21","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Monozygotic (MZ) twins share the same DNA, placenta, amniotic fluid, and physical features. Genetic factors play a prominent role compared to environmental factors in one’s physical appearance, including dental morphology. Here we studied variation in MZ twin’s tooth morphometry and palatal rugae pattern. Materials and methods: Variation between twins can be a valuable tool in forensics to identify individuals. Ten pairs of MZ twins were selected for this research. The maximum coronal mesiodistal and buccopalatal dimension of the maxillary teeth, excluding the second and third molars, were measured in triplicate using calipers. Palatal rugae patterns of the samples were cast, analyzed, and recorded based on shape and unification. Results: Our results showed a significant tooth dimension correlation between MZ twins. Maxillary central incisors had the least genetic variability, but the Carabelli trait, skeletal pattern, occlusion, and occlusal features all exhibited a greater correlation in MZ twins. Our findings provide compelling evidence for mirroring of dental features and palatal rugae patterns in MZ twins. This study is the first of its kind reported in Malaysia. Conclusion: Marked similarities in tooth morphometry and other dental physical features were observed between twins, which can be a useful tool in forensics for the identification of individuals.","PeriodicalId":16651,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orofacial Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":"39 - 46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46607822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.4103/jofs.jofs_312_20
Prashanthi Madhyastha, K. Bhat, D. Padma, M. Bangera, Dilip G Naik, N. Srikant, R. Kotian
Introduction: The ingredients from the dental restoratives are known to leach and elicit a host response. The prerequisite to deem a material biocompatible requires its toxicologic evaluation. The study was performed to analyze the probable toxicity resulting from silorane-based composite (SBC) with methacrylate-based composite (MBC). Materials and Methods: The in vitro cytotoxicity test, methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay, evaluated the cell viability and proliferation rate of dental pulp cells (DPCs). The extirpated pulp was cultured in α-MEM-containing supplements and incubated at 37°C. DPCs were subjected to varying doses of SBC or MBC at different time intervals after attaining confluence and monitored for proliferation and viability via MTT assay. An independent Student t test was performed to compare the effect of composites on the DPC. The cytotoxicity levels were compared using one-way analysis of variance and posthoc Tukey multiple comparison test at 5% level of significance and P-value of <0.05. Results: DPC exposed to MBC showed higher viability than SBC. The MTT assay reported the number of viable cells as (>90%) in the first 24 hours. The count significantly reduced by the end of 48 hours (minimum 65% in 25 μg/ml) at all concentrations (P < 0.05). SBC had lower survival than MBC in all concentrations and periods. Except at 5 μg/ml concentration at 48 hours in SBC, no statistically significant values were reported. Conclusion: DPCs are prone to the cytotoxicity caused by dental composite. In contrast to MBC, the cytotoxicity of SBC declines overtime.
{"title":"Cytotoxicity of Silorane and Methacrylate based Dental Composites on Human Pulp Cells","authors":"Prashanthi Madhyastha, K. Bhat, D. Padma, M. Bangera, Dilip G Naik, N. Srikant, R. Kotian","doi":"10.4103/jofs.jofs_312_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jofs.jofs_312_20","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The ingredients from the dental restoratives are known to leach and elicit a host response. The prerequisite to deem a material biocompatible requires its toxicologic evaluation. The study was performed to analyze the probable toxicity resulting from silorane-based composite (SBC) with methacrylate-based composite (MBC). Materials and Methods: The in vitro cytotoxicity test, methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay, evaluated the cell viability and proliferation rate of dental pulp cells (DPCs). The extirpated pulp was cultured in α-MEM-containing supplements and incubated at 37°C. DPCs were subjected to varying doses of SBC or MBC at different time intervals after attaining confluence and monitored for proliferation and viability via MTT assay. An independent Student t test was performed to compare the effect of composites on the DPC. The cytotoxicity levels were compared using one-way analysis of variance and posthoc Tukey multiple comparison test at 5% level of significance and P-value of <0.05. Results: DPC exposed to MBC showed higher viability than SBC. The MTT assay reported the number of viable cells as (>90%) in the first 24 hours. The count significantly reduced by the end of 48 hours (minimum 65% in 25 μg/ml) at all concentrations (P < 0.05). SBC had lower survival than MBC in all concentrations and periods. Except at 5 μg/ml concentration at 48 hours in SBC, no statistically significant values were reported. Conclusion: DPCs are prone to the cytotoxicity caused by dental composite. In contrast to MBC, the cytotoxicity of SBC declines overtime.","PeriodicalId":16651,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orofacial Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":"13 - 18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44096457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maryam Eisazadeh, L. Khojastepour, Abdolaziz Haghnegahdar, P. Soltani
Introduction: Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are the main source of orofacial pain of nondental origin. Density changes in mandibular condyles of patients with TMD have not been well documented. The aim of this study was to compare condylar head bone density values in patient with and without TMD in cone-beam computed tomographic (CBCT) images. Materials and Methods: CBCT images of 70 patients with TMD and 70 age- and sex-controlled individuals were studied. Density of the cancellous bone in the left and right condylar heads was measured on a CBCT slice with the widest mediolateral dimension. Moreover, absence of at least one maxillary or mandibular posterior tooth (except for third molars) was recorded. Interclass correlation, t test, and Chi-squared test were used for statistical analysis. Results: Bone density in the condylar head significantly increased in patients with TMD compared with the non-TMD group (P < 0.001). The difference between males and females in each group was not significant (P = 0.182). Condylar head bone density in patients with TMD with posterior missing teeth was significantly less than individuals without missing teeth (P = 0.002). Conclusion: Increased density of condylar head must be regarded as a potential diagnostic tool for TMD when interpreting CBCT images of the joints.
{"title":"Comparison of Condylar Bone Density in Cone-Beam Computed Tomographic Images of Patients with and without Temporomandibular Joint Disorders","authors":"Maryam Eisazadeh, L. Khojastepour, Abdolaziz Haghnegahdar, P. Soltani","doi":"10.4103/jofs.jofs_89_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jofs.jofs_89_21","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are the main source of orofacial pain of nondental origin. Density changes in mandibular condyles of patients with TMD have not been well documented. The aim of this study was to compare condylar head bone density values in patient with and without TMD in cone-beam computed tomographic (CBCT) images. Materials and Methods: CBCT images of 70 patients with TMD and 70 age- and sex-controlled individuals were studied. Density of the cancellous bone in the left and right condylar heads was measured on a CBCT slice with the widest mediolateral dimension. Moreover, absence of at least one maxillary or mandibular posterior tooth (except for third molars) was recorded. Interclass correlation, t test, and Chi-squared test were used for statistical analysis. Results: Bone density in the condylar head significantly increased in patients with TMD compared with the non-TMD group (P < 0.001). The difference between males and females in each group was not significant (P = 0.182). Condylar head bone density in patients with TMD with posterior missing teeth was significantly less than individuals without missing teeth (P = 0.002). Conclusion: Increased density of condylar head must be regarded as a potential diagnostic tool for TMD when interpreting CBCT images of the joints.","PeriodicalId":16651,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orofacial Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":"3 - 7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45110151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.4103/jofs.jofs_289_20
P. Pinto, V. Jacometti, J. Pereira, Marco Silva, R. Silva
Introduction: Photo-anthropometry is a method of facial image comparison that consists of taking measurements on images. The objective of this study was to verify if facial measurements obtained from a two-dimensional (2D) image can be applied for the purpose of human identification when compared with measurements obtained from a three-dimensional (3D) image. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional research, a convenience sample was formed by 3D and 2D images of 12 participants. In these images, 35 linear measurements were taken between landmarks. The 2D images were obtained in different angles and norms (left and right sides, and front sides), and the measures were categorized into vertical, lateral, and lip regions. The data were organized in Excel® spreadsheets (Microsoft Corp., Redmond, Washington, USA) and submitted to descriptive statistics. Results: The vertical measurements in lateral norms were more divergent than the measurements of 3D images, whereas the measurements of the lip region showed less differences in all norms. In the lateral norms, vertical measures such as nasion–pogonion were underestimated by 14.35 mm, whereas this same measure was overestimated by 7.20 mm in the frontal norm. In the lip region, the most underestimated measures were crista philtri (left)–cheilion (left) at 5.95 mm and crista philtri (right)–cheilion (right) at 5.45 mm, and the most overestimated was cheilion (right)–cheilion (left) at 4.38 mm, all in the frontal norm. Conclusion: The facial measurements obtained in 2D images can be underestimated or overestimated depending on the angle and norm of each image.
{"title":"Comparative Analysis between Linear Measures from Bidimensional and Three-dimensional Images of the Face for Human Identification Purpose: A Pilot Study","authors":"P. Pinto, V. Jacometti, J. Pereira, Marco Silva, R. Silva","doi":"10.4103/jofs.jofs_289_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jofs.jofs_289_20","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Photo-anthropometry is a method of facial image comparison that consists of taking measurements on images. The objective of this study was to verify if facial measurements obtained from a two-dimensional (2D) image can be applied for the purpose of human identification when compared with measurements obtained from a three-dimensional (3D) image. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional research, a convenience sample was formed by 3D and 2D images of 12 participants. In these images, 35 linear measurements were taken between landmarks. The 2D images were obtained in different angles and norms (left and right sides, and front sides), and the measures were categorized into vertical, lateral, and lip regions. The data were organized in Excel® spreadsheets (Microsoft Corp., Redmond, Washington, USA) and submitted to descriptive statistics. Results: The vertical measurements in lateral norms were more divergent than the measurements of 3D images, whereas the measurements of the lip region showed less differences in all norms. In the lateral norms, vertical measures such as nasion–pogonion were underestimated by 14.35 mm, whereas this same measure was overestimated by 7.20 mm in the frontal norm. In the lip region, the most underestimated measures were crista philtri (left)–cheilion (left) at 5.95 mm and crista philtri (right)–cheilion (right) at 5.45 mm, and the most overestimated was cheilion (right)–cheilion (left) at 4.38 mm, all in the frontal norm. Conclusion: The facial measurements obtained in 2D images can be underestimated or overestimated depending on the angle and norm of each image.","PeriodicalId":16651,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orofacial Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":"19 - 27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46846248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of all journals is to publish high-quality evidence-based research. The research mainly focuses on scientific impact on fields and professions. Thus, a journal is an indicator of scientific advancement in the society, in academia, and in professionals, and should be able to connect with the common man. As journals continue to publish, they need to demonstrate greater alignment with being socially accountable .
{"title":"Social Accountability of Research Publications in Journals","authors":"A. B. Rajendra","doi":"10.4103/jofs.jofs_58_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jofs.jofs_58_21","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of all journals is to publish high-quality evidence-based research. The research mainly focuses on scientific impact on fields and professions. Thus, a journal is an indicator of scientific advancement in the society, in academia, and in professionals, and should be able to connect with the common man. As journals continue to publish, they need to demonstrate greater alignment with being socially accountable .","PeriodicalId":16651,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orofacial Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":"1 - 2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43925665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Kommalapati, A. B. Rajendra, K. Kattappagari, L. Kantheti, Chandrashekar Poosarla, V. Baddam
Introduction: Tobacco is the leading causative factor for both oral potentially malignant disorders and oral cancer. Tobacco use is higher among lower income population. Low-income population of India are majorly employed as industrial workers. The aim of this study is to estimate the prevalence of oral lesions associated with tobacco related habits among industrial workers. Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional epidemiological investigation was conducted among 1000 industrial workers using simple random sampling technique. Information on patient demographics, tobacco related (smoke and smokeless) and other deleterious habits, and clinical examination details were recorded in a structured format. The data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 20.0. Results were tabulated using frequency distribution and mean with a standard deviation. Multiple logistical regression was used to analyze oral lesions by different variables. Results: Among the 1000 industrial workers screened, smoking habit was observed in 13.20%, while 86.8% were using smokeless tobacco. The prevalence of tobacco related oral lesions among individuals with smoke/smokeless tobacco habit was 13.8%. The study documented tobacco related oral lesions such as leukoplakia (6.5%), oral submucous fibrosis (2%), smoker’s palate (2.7%), tobacco related pigmentation (1.9%), erythroplakia (0.3%), and oral squamous cell carcinoma (0.2%). Conclusion: The study documented potentially malignant disorders and oral cancer among users with tobacco related habits. The results also revealed that higher prevalence of potentially malignant disorders over oral cancer. Thus, preventive programs for early detection of oral precancer and oral cancer such as tobacco cessation, tobacco counselling programs are emphasized for industrial workers.
烟草是口腔潜在恶性疾病和口腔癌的主要致病因素。烟草使用在低收入人群中较高。印度的低收入人口主要是产业工人。本研究的目的是估计工业工人中与烟草相关习惯相关的口腔病变的患病率。资料与方法:采用简单随机抽样方法，对1000名产业工人进行横断面流行病学调查。以结构化格式记录患者人口统计信息、烟草相关(吸烟和无烟)和其他有害习惯以及临床检查细节。使用Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 20.0对数据进行分析。结果采用频率分布和标准差均值制表。采用多元逻辑回归对不同变量的口腔病变进行分析。结果:筛查的1000名产业工人中，有吸烟习惯的占13.20%，使用无烟烟草的占86.8%。吸烟/无烟吸烟人群中烟草相关口腔病变患病率为13.8%。该研究记录了烟草相关的口腔病变，如白斑(6.5%)、口腔黏膜下纤维化(2%)、吸烟者的上颚(2.7%)、烟草相关的色素沉着(1.9%)、红斑病(0.3%)和口腔鳞状细胞癌(0.2%)。结论:该研究记录了吸烟相关习惯使用者中潜在的恶性疾病和口腔癌。结果还显示，潜在恶性疾病的患病率高于口腔癌。因此，早期发现口腔癌前病变和口腔癌的预防方案，如戒烟，烟草咨询方案，被强调为产业工人。
{"title":"Tobacco Related Oral Lesions in South Indian Industrial Workers","authors":"R. Kommalapati, A. B. Rajendra, K. Kattappagari, L. Kantheti, Chandrashekar Poosarla, V. Baddam","doi":"10.4103/jofs.jofs_24_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jofs.jofs_24_21","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Tobacco is the leading causative factor for both oral potentially malignant disorders and oral cancer. Tobacco use is higher among lower income population. Low-income population of India are majorly employed as industrial workers. The aim of this study is to estimate the prevalence of oral lesions associated with tobacco related habits among industrial workers. Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional epidemiological investigation was conducted among 1000 industrial workers using simple random sampling technique. Information on patient demographics, tobacco related (smoke and smokeless) and other deleterious habits, and clinical examination details were recorded in a structured format. The data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 20.0. Results were tabulated using frequency distribution and mean with a standard deviation. Multiple logistical regression was used to analyze oral lesions by different variables. Results: Among the 1000 industrial workers screened, smoking habit was observed in 13.20%, while 86.8% were using smokeless tobacco. The prevalence of tobacco related oral lesions among individuals with smoke/smokeless tobacco habit was 13.8%. The study documented tobacco related oral lesions such as leukoplakia (6.5%), oral submucous fibrosis (2%), smoker’s palate (2.7%), tobacco related pigmentation (1.9%), erythroplakia (0.3%), and oral squamous cell carcinoma (0.2%). Conclusion: The study documented potentially malignant disorders and oral cancer among users with tobacco related habits. The results also revealed that higher prevalence of potentially malignant disorders over oral cancer. Thus, preventive programs for early detection of oral precancer and oral cancer such as tobacco cessation, tobacco counselling programs are emphasized for industrial workers.","PeriodicalId":16651,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orofacial Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":"28 - 32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47842436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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