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Perceiver Effects and Socioeconomic Background: Contrasting Parent-Reports against Teacher-Reports of Elementary School Students' Personality. 知觉者效应与社会经济背景:小学生性格的家长报告与教师报告对比。
IF 3.4 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-06 DOI: 10.1080/00223891.2023.2286449
Emilija Meier-Faust, Rainer Watermann

Familial socioeconomic background can impact not only academic success, but also the personality of offspring. Yet, there is little evidence on whether it might influence how parents describe their children's personality. To fill this gap, we used latent multitrait-multimethod (CTCM-1) models to examine familial socioeconomic background as possible predictor of parental perceiver effects regarding their offspring's personality by contrasting parental assessments against teacher-reports. Study 1 (N = 5,798) investigated reports on elementary school students' Big Five and Study 2 (N = 3,771) focused on school-related personality facets. Socioeconomic status predicted the parental report in both studies. Participation in high-culture arts incrementally predicted parental report over and above socioeconomic status. Specifically, parents with higher participation in high-culture arts rated their children in a more positive light than class teachers. These background specific perceiver effects might reflect both varying personality judgments or actual differences in behavior.

家庭社会经济背景不仅会影响学业成绩,还会影响后代的性格。然而,关于家庭社会经济背景是否会影响父母对子女性格的描述,却鲜有证据。为了填补这一空白,我们使用了潜在多特征-多方法(CTCM-1)模型,通过对比父母的评估和教师的报告,研究了家庭社会经济背景对父母感知后代性格的影响的可能预测因素。研究 1(5,798 人)调查了小学生的大五人格报告,研究 2(3,771 人)侧重于与学校相关的人格方面。在这两项研究中,社会经济地位预测了家长的报告。参加高文化艺术活动对家长报告的预测作用高于社会经济地位。具体来说,参与高文化艺术程度较高的家长对子女的评价比班主任更积极。这些特定背景对感知者的影响可能反映了不同的个性判断或实际行为差异。
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引用次数: 0
The Self-Dehumanization Scale: Three Studies on Its Development and Validation. 自我非人性化量表:关于其开发和验证的三项研究
IF 2.8 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-06-28 DOI: 10.1080/00223891.2024.2367543
Morgan Robison, Min Eun Jeon, Nikhila S Udupa, Miracle Potter, Lee Robertson, Thomas Joiner

Self-dehumanization, a phenomenon relevant to social psychology, has been somewhat absent from clinical psychology research. Furthermore, measures of self-dehumanization are few, and to our knowledge, no validated and generalizable self-report measure exists. To address this gap, we present a Self-Dehumanization Scale (SDS). This work incorporates evidence from three studies examining the reliability, validity, and factor structure of the SDS in an undergraduate sample, a clinically relevant community sample, and a sample with at least one minoritized identity. The SDS was derived from dehumanization theory and was developed to measure animalistic and mechanistic self-dehumanization. All studies suggested an 8-item SDS, with Study 1 suggesting a single-factor solution with, however, some indication of a two-factor structure, and Studies 2 and 3 affirming a two-factor solution. The SDS, and its respective factors, generally showed discriminant validity from related, yet distinct, measures of self-hate, self-esteem (Study 2), dissociation, and measures of discrimination (in Study 3). Finally, animalistic and mechanistic SDS showed somewhat mixed but promising evidence regarding their associations to minoritized identities and to symptoms of depression, and suicide risk, above and beyond each study's fairly stringent control variables. Thus, self-dehumanization may prove to be a clinically promising leverage point in assessing psychopathology, particularly among minoritized communities.

自我非人化是一种与社会心理学相关的现象,但在临床心理学研究中却有些缺失。此外,自我非人化的测量方法也很少,据我们所知,目前还没有经过验证的、可推广的自我报告测量方法。为了填补这一空白,我们提出了自我非人性化量表(SDS)。这项工作结合了三项研究的证据,这些研究分别考察了 SDS 在本科生样本、临床相关的社区样本以及至少有一种少数民族身份的样本中的信度、效度和因子结构。SDS 源自非人化理论,用于测量动物性和机械性自我非人化。所有研究都提出了一个 8 个项目的 SDS,其中研究 1 提出了一个单因素解决方案,但也有一些双因素结构的迹象,而研究 2 和研究 3 则确认了一个双因素解决方案。SDS 及其各因子与相关但不同的自我憎恨、自尊(研究 2)、解离和辨别能力(研究 3)的测量结果普遍具有区分效力。最后,动物性和机械性 SDS 在与少数群体身份、抑郁症状和自杀风险的关联方面,显示出了不同但有希望的证据,而且超出了每项研究相当严格的控制变量。因此,自我非人化可能会被证明是评估精神病理学的一个具有临床前景的杠杆点,尤其是在少数群体中。
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引用次数: 0
First Psychometric Evaluation of the English Version of the Semi-Structured Interview for Personality Functioning (STiP-5.1). 人格功能半结构化访谈(STiP-5.1)英文版的首次心理测量评估。
IF 2.8 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-06-27 DOI: 10.1080/00223891.2024.2365325
Kennedy M Balzen, Sophie Kerr, Tess Gecha, Joost Hutsebaut, Han Berghuis, Carla Sharp

The Alternative Model for Personality Disorders provides a dimensional framework for the conceptualization of personality disorders where Criterion A concerns the assessment of one's level of personality functioning (LPF). This study examines the psychometric properties of the English translation of the Semi-Structured Interview for Personality Functioning (STiP-5.1) to validate this translation for the assessment of LPF in English-speaking populations; and examine whether this measure increments self-report measures of LPF and personality pathology in predicting general functioning. The sample consisted of 129 emerging adults between 18 and 25 years of age (M = 20.54, SD = 2.08) from a mixed college and clinical sample. Results support a unidimensional factor structure of the STiP-5.1, good internal consistency, and high inter-rater reliability. Construct validity was supported through associations of the STiP-5.1 with self-report measures of LPF and personality pathology. The STiP-5.1 incremented self-report measures of personality pathology in predicting functional impairment, though additional variance explained was modest. Finally, STiP-5.1 scores differentiated individuals who obtained a score at or above the clinical cutoff from those below on self-report measures of personality pathology and LPF with large effect sizes. Findings support the validity of the English translation of the STiP-5.1 for the assessment of LPF.

人格障碍替代模型为人格障碍的概念化提供了一个维度框架,其中标准 A 涉及对人格功能水平(LPF)的评估。本研究考察了人格功能半结构化访谈(STiP-5.1)英译本的心理测量学特性,以验证该译本在英语国家人群中的人格功能水平评估中的有效性;并考察该测量方法在预测一般功能方面是否能增强人格功能水平和人格病理学的自我报告测量。样本由 129 名年龄在 18 至 25 岁之间的新兴成年人组成(中位数 = 20.54,标差 = 2.08),他们来自大学和临床混合样本。结果表明,STiP-5.1 具有单维因子结构、良好的内部一致性和较高的评分者间可靠性。STiP-5.1与自我报告的LPF和人格病理学测量结果之间的关联支持了结构效度。STiP-5.1 在预测功能障碍方面增强了自我报告的人格病理学测量,尽管额外的解释方差不大。最后,STiP-5.1 的得分可以将那些在人格病理学和 LPF 自我报告测量中得分达到或超过临床临界值的人与低于临界值的人区分开来,并且具有较大的效应大小。研究结果表明,STiP-5.1 的英文译本在评估 LPF 方面是有效的。
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引用次数: 0
Aspects of Identity Questionnaire-IV: An Examination of Structural Validity, Gender Invariance, and Relationships with Mental Health and Basic Psychological Needs Among Adolescents. 身份认同问卷-IV:结构有效性、性别不变性以及与青少年心理健康和基本心理需求之间关系的研究》(Aspects of Identity Questionnaire-IV)。
IF 2.8 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-06-26 DOI: 10.1080/00223891.2024.2367546
Veljko Jovanović, Milica Lazić, Vesna Gavrilov-Jerković, Vojana Obradović, Dušana Šakan, Aleksandar Tomašević, Marija Zotović-Kostić

The present research evaluated evidence for structural and convergent validity and measurement invariance across gender of the Aspects of Identity Questionnaire-IV (AIQ-IV), which is designed to measure four identity orientations: Personal, Relational, Public, and Collective. We recruited two independent samples of Serbian adolescents aged 15-19 years (n1 = 436, n2 = 452). Both exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM) and confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) were applied to examine the factor structure of the AIQ-IV. The ESEM model with four factors demonstrated a superior fit to the data in both samples and resulted in well-defined factors and deflated latent factor correlations compared to the CFA model. Multiple-group analysis supported the scalar invariance of the four-factor ESEM model across gender. The evidence for the convergent validity of the ESEM AIQ-IV factors was supported by meaningful correlations with various mental health indicators (life satisfaction, positive affect, negative affect, internalizing behaviors, and externalizing behaviors) and basic psychological needs (autonomy, relatedness, and competence) satisfaction and frustration. Our findings support the use of AIQ-IV as a multidimensional measure of identity orientations among adolescents and confirm the usefulness of applying the ESEM framework to evaluate the validity aspects of this scale.

本研究评估了身份各个方面问卷-IV(Aspects of Identity Questionnaire-IV,AIQ-IV)的结构效度、收敛效度和跨性别测量不变性的证据,该问卷旨在测量四种身份取向:该问卷旨在测量四种身份取向:个人、关系、公共和集体。我们招募了两个独立的塞尔维亚 15-19 岁青少年样本(n1 = 436,n2 = 452)。我们采用了探索性结构方程模型(ESEM)和确证因素分析(CFA)来检验 AIQ-IV 的因素结构。与 CFA 模型相比,包含四个因子的 ESEM 模型对两个样本的数据都显示出更高的拟合度,并产生了定义明确的因子和虚化的潜在因子相关性。多组分析支持四因素 ESEM 模型在不同性别间的标度不变性。ESEM AIQ-IV 各因子与各种心理健康指标(生活满意度、积极情绪、消极情绪、内化行为和外化行为)以及基本心理需求(自主性、相关性和能力)的满意度和挫折感之间的相关性证明了 ESEM AIQ-IV 各因子的收敛有效性。我们的研究结果支持将 AIQ-IV 作为青少年身份取向的多维测量工具,并证实了应用 ESEM 框架评估该量表有效性的实用性。
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引用次数: 0
Development of a Culture-Common Formal Characteristics of Behavior - Temperament Markers Inventory (FCB-TMI-CC). 开发 "文化-行为的共同形式特征-气质标记量表"(FCB-TMI-CC)。
IF 3.4 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-06-17 DOI: 10.1080/00223891.2024.2363967
Maria Cyniak-Cieciura, Agnieszka Popiel, Bogdan Zawadzki, Julie K Cremeans-Smith, Guido Alessandri, Patryk Bielak, Victoria Camino, Eun Jung Cha, Yunkyung Cho, Paweł Dobrowolski, Małgorzata Fajkowska, Lorenzo Filosa, David B Fruehstorfer, Marina Galarregui, Rocío Goldfarb, Myoung-Ho Hyun, Zhanna Kalinina, Eduardo Keegan, Aliya Mambetalina, Louise McHugh, Mariana Miracco, Atsushi Oshio, Chowon Park, Andrés Partarrieu, Lorena De Rosa, Raikhan Sabirova, Adil Samekin, Emiliano Sánchez, María Sarno, Cecilia Tarruella, Gulmira M Tulekova, Gulmira Tuyakovna Topanova

The goal was to create a brief temperament inventory grounded in the Regulative Theory of Temperament (FCB-TMI-CC), with a user-friendly, online applicability for studies in different cultures. As the regulative role of temperament is strongly revealed under meaningful stress, the study was planned within the time of the COVID-19 pandemic. To ensure high diversity in terms of culture, economic and environmental conditions, data from nine countries (Poland, United States of America, Italy, Japan, Argentina, South Korea, Ireland, United Kingdom and Kazakhstan) were utilized (min. N = 200 per country). Validation data were gathered on the level of COVID-19 stressors, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, anxiety and stress symptoms, and Big Five personality traits. Multigroup confirmatory factor analysis served as the basis for the inventory's construction. The final culture-common version includes 37 items (5-6 in each of the 7 scales) and covers the core aspects of temperament dimensions. Temperament structure was confirmed to be equivalent across measured cultures. The measurement is invariant at the level of factor loadings and the reliability (internal consistency) and theoretical validity of the scales were at least acceptable. Therefore, the FCB-TMI-CC may serve as a valuable tool for studying temperament across diverse cultures and facilitate cross-cultural comparisons.

我们的目标是创建一个以气质调节理论(FCB-TMI-CC)为基础的简短气质量表,该量表具有用户友好性和在线适用性,可用于不同文化背景下的研究。由于脾气的调节作用在有意义的压力下会强烈显现出来,因此本研究计划在 COVID-19 大流行期间进行。为确保文化、经济和环境条件的高度多样性,研究使用了来自九个国家(波兰、美国、意大利、日本、阿根廷、韩国、爱尔兰、英国和哈萨克斯坦)的数据(每个国家最少 N = 200)。收集了 COVID-19 压力源、创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)、抑郁、焦虑和压力症状以及五大人格特质的验证数据。多组确认性因子分析是构建量表的基础。最终的文化共通版本包括 37 个项目(7 个量表中每个量表有 5-6 个项目),涵盖了气质维度的核心内容。经证实,不同文化间的气质结构是相同的。测量在因子负荷水平上是不变的,量表的信度(内部一致性)和理论效度至少是可以接受的。因此,FCB-TMI-CC 可以作为研究不同文化间气质的重要工具,促进跨文化比较。
{"title":"Development of a Culture-Common Formal Characteristics of Behavior - Temperament Markers Inventory (FCB-TMI-CC).","authors":"Maria Cyniak-Cieciura, Agnieszka Popiel, Bogdan Zawadzki, Julie K Cremeans-Smith, Guido Alessandri, Patryk Bielak, Victoria Camino, Eun Jung Cha, Yunkyung Cho, Paweł Dobrowolski, Małgorzata Fajkowska, Lorenzo Filosa, David B Fruehstorfer, Marina Galarregui, Rocío Goldfarb, Myoung-Ho Hyun, Zhanna Kalinina, Eduardo Keegan, Aliya Mambetalina, Louise McHugh, Mariana Miracco, Atsushi Oshio, Chowon Park, Andrés Partarrieu, Lorena De Rosa, Raikhan Sabirova, Adil Samekin, Emiliano Sánchez, María Sarno, Cecilia Tarruella, Gulmira M Tulekova, Gulmira Tuyakovna Topanova","doi":"10.1080/00223891.2024.2363967","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00223891.2024.2363967","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The goal was to create a brief temperament inventory grounded in the Regulative Theory of Temperament (FCB-TMI-CC<b>)</b>, with a user-friendly, online applicability for studies in different cultures. As the regulative role of temperament is strongly revealed under meaningful stress, the study was planned within the time of the COVID-19 pandemic. To ensure high diversity in terms of culture, economic and environmental conditions, data from nine countries (Poland, United States of America, Italy, Japan, Argentina, South Korea, Ireland, United Kingdom and Kazakhstan) were utilized (min. <i>N</i> = 200 per country). Validation data were gathered on the level of COVID-19 stressors, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, anxiety and stress symptoms, and Big Five personality traits. Multigroup confirmatory factor analysis served as the basis for the inventory's construction. The final culture-common version includes 37 items (5-6 in each of the 7 scales) and covers the core aspects of temperament dimensions. Temperament structure was confirmed to be equivalent across measured cultures. The measurement is invariant at the level of factor loadings and the reliability (internal consistency) and theoretical validity of the scales were at least acceptable. Therefore, the FCB-TMI-CC may serve as a valuable tool for studying temperament across diverse cultures and facilitate cross-cultural comparisons.</p>","PeriodicalId":16707,"journal":{"name":"Journal of personality assessment","volume":" ","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141419539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Structure of Identity Dysfunction in Self-Report Measures. 自我报告测量中的身份认同功能障碍结构》(The Structure of Identity Dysfunction in Self-Report Measures)。
IF 3.4 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-06-10 DOI: 10.1080/00223891.2024.2362982
Sienna R Nielsen, Aidan G C Wright

Identity dysfunction is considered core to psychopathology, contributing to emotional and interpersonal problems across psychiatric diagnoses. Despite its centrality in theories of personality and psychopathology, the empirical research on the structure of identity dysfunction is fragmented by a plethora of self-report measures assessing varied domains of identity dysfunction. This project examines conceptual domains of identity dysfunction in self-report assessments, with the goal of elucidating a clear structure of identity dysfunction to advance both theory and measurement. Toward this aim, we a) investigate the factor structure of identity dysfunction in existing self-report measures, using exploratory factor analysis and b) examine relationships between identity dysfunction and closely related constructs, using exploratory structural equation modeling. We assess responses from 632 young adults to 17 commonly used identity functioning self-report measures. In a series of exploratory factor analyses, we identified four content-domains of Identity Dysfunction (Self-Alienation, Susceptibility to External Influence, Self-Dysregulation, and Contingent Self-Esteem) and three content domains of Identity Clarity (Self-Consistency, Reflective Functioning, and Authentic Living). These content domains were largely well-represented by a single factor. In a series of exploratory structural equation models, emergent factors related similarly to personality, emotion dysregulation, and values and problems in interpersonal relationships.

身份认同功能障碍被认为是精神病理学的核心问题,是导致各种精神疾病的情绪和人际关系问题的原因。尽管身份功能障碍在人格和精神病理学理论中占据核心地位,但有关身份功能障碍结构的实证研究却因大量评估不同身份功能障碍领域的自我报告测量方法而支离破碎。本项目研究自我报告评估中身份功能障碍的概念范畴,旨在阐明身份功能障碍的清晰结构,以推动理论和测量的发展。为实现这一目标,我们 a) 使用探索性因子分析,研究现有自我报告测量中身份认同障碍的因子结构;b) 使用探索性结构方程建模,研究身份认同障碍与密切相关的建构之间的关系。我们评估了 632 名年轻人对 17 种常用身份功能自我报告测量方法的反应。通过一系列探索性因素分析,我们确定了身份功能障碍的四个内容域(自我疏离、易受外界影响、自我失调和权变自尊)和身份清晰度的三个内容域(自我一致性、反思性功能和真实生活)。这些内容域在很大程度上由一个因子所代表。在一系列探索性结构方程模型中,出现的因子与人格、情绪失调、价值观和人际关系中的问题有着相似的关系。
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引用次数: 0
The Development of the Attachment Defenses Questionnaire (ADQ-50): A Preliminary Examination of Reliability, Validity, and Factor Structure. 依恋防御问卷(ADQ-50)的开发:对可靠性、有效性和因子结构的初步研究。
IF 3.4 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-05-22 DOI: 10.1080/00223891.2024.2353142
Emma Richardson, Alissa Beath, Simon Boag

This paper marks the initial phase in the development of the Attachment Defenses Questionnaire (ADQ-50), a self-report tool crafted to assess defense mechanisms associated with attachment processes, catering to both clinical and research contexts. Anchored in the theoretical framework of attachment theory, the ADQ posits that an individual's internalized attachment style plays a influential role in predicting their defense mechanisms. The paper outlines the comprehensive development and refinement process of the ADQ-50. In Study 1 a preliminary 176-item version of the ADQ was examined. Data was collected online drawing from participants sourced from Prolific and undergraduate students (N = 1994). Study 2 further refined the ADQ, evaluating its initial convergent validity with a diverse participant pool (N = 726), including undergraduates, Prolific contributors, general practice medical patients, and individuals from social media. Exploratory factor analysis revealed a robust ten-factor structure, resulting in a 50-item scale aligning with theoretical expectations and demonstrating good psychometric properties. Findings, limitations, strengths and future research directions are discussed. We posit that the ADQ holds great potential to deepen our comprehension of defense mechanisms linked to attachment, with wide-ranging implications for clinical practices.

本文标志着依恋防御问卷(ADQ-50)的初步开发阶段,该问卷是一种自我报告工具,用于评估与依恋过程相关的防御机制,既适用于临床,也适用于研究。ADQ 以依恋理论框架为基础,认为个体的内化依恋风格在预测其防御机制方面起着重要作用。本文概述了 ADQ-50 的全面开发和完善过程。研究 1 对 ADQ 的 176 个项目的初步版本进行了检验。数据通过网络收集,参与者来自 Prolific 和本科生(N = 1994)。研究 2 进一步完善了 ADQ,评估了其与不同参与者(N = 726)的初步收敛有效性,其中包括本科生、Prolific 的贡献者、全科医生患者以及来自社交媒体的个人。探索性因素分析表明,该量表具有稳健的十因素结构,包含 50 个项目,符合理论预期,并具有良好的心理测量特性。本文讨论了研究结果、局限性、优势和未来研究方向。我们认为,ADQ 具有很大的潜力,可以加深我们对与依恋相关的防御机制的理解,并对临床实践产生广泛的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Validation of the Approach-Avoidance Temperament Questionnaire in Individuals with Anxiety and Depression. 焦虑症和抑郁症患者接近-回避气质问卷的验证。
IF 2.8 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-05-22 DOI: 10.1080/00223891.2024.2350466
Madeleine Rassaby, Jeffrey M Rogers, Charles T Taylor

The Approach-Avoidance Temperament Questionnaire (ATQ) is a well-established measure assessing heightened sensitivity and reactivity to reward/positive stimuli (approach temperament) and to punishment/negative stimuli (avoidance temperament). These basic dimensions of personality are believed to be important for understanding the etiology and maintenance of anxiety and depressive disorders. Despite the ATQ's potential utility in clinical psychology research, its psychometric properties and factor structure have yet to be examined in a psychiatric sample. The aims of the present study were to 1) conduct confirmatory factor analysis to replicate the ATQ's factor structure in individuals diagnosed with an anxiety or depressive disorder (N = 244), 2) assess internal consistency and convergent and divergent validity, and 3) explore differences in approach and avoidance temperaments in individuals with versus without a diagnosis of anxiety or depression. Results confirmed the original two-factor structure of the ATQ in a clinical sample, with approach and avoidance temperaments representing orthogonal dimensions. The measure demonstrated strong internal consistency, convergent and divergent validity, and predictive validity. Individuals with anxiety and depression scored higher on avoidance items and lower on approach items compared to those without clinical diagnoses. This study supports the use of the ATQ in clinical populations.

接近-回避气质问卷(ATQ)是一种成熟的测量方法,用于评估对奖励/积极刺激(接近气质)和惩罚/消极刺激(回避气质)的高度敏感性和反应性。这些基本的人格维度被认为对了解焦虑症和抑郁症的病因和维持非常重要。尽管 ATQ 在临床心理学研究中具有潜在的实用性,但其心理测量特性和因子结构仍有待在精神病学样本中进行检验。本研究的目的是:1)在被诊断患有焦虑症或抑郁症的个体(N = 244)中进行确认性因子分析,以复制 ATQ 的因子结构;2)评估内部一致性、聚合效度和发散效度;3)探索被诊断患有焦虑症或抑郁症的个体与未被诊断患有焦虑症或抑郁症的个体在接近性情质和回避性情质方面的差异。结果证实,在临床样本中,ATQ 最初的双因子结构,接近性和回避性代表了正交维度。该量表具有很强的内部一致性、收敛和发散效度以及预测效度。与没有临床诊断的人相比,患有焦虑症和抑郁症的人在回避项目上得分更高,在接近项目上得分更低。这项研究支持在临床人群中使用 ATQ。
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引用次数: 0
Personality Traits in Latin America: A Cross-Cultural Study of the Big Five Factor Structure and its Relationship with Self-Reported Daily Behaviors. 拉丁美洲的人格特质:大五因子结构及其与自我描述的日常行为之间关系的跨文化研究。
IF 3.4 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-05-15 DOI: 10.1080/00223891.2024.2353139
Marcos Cupani, Urbano Lorenzo-Seva, Valeria Morán

The Big Five factors model of personality is one of the most internationally studied and applied since it has been replicated in multiple investigations in different countries and cultures. This five-dimensional structure has evidence from studies carrying out factor analyses in different versions and adaptations of personality measurement instruments under these theoretical assumptions, and cross-cultural studies reveal its universality. However, no research has investigated how this structure is replicated in Latin American countries yet. This study aimed to carry out a cross-cultural study evaluating the factorial congruence of the Revised International Personality Item Pool in Latin American countries. The validity was also analyzed assessing relationships with gender, age, and self-reported activities of daily living. The five-dimensional structure was supported by evidence in the different samples that participated in this study, preserving the individual differences that characterize each country. Differences according to gender and age were found in different personality factors, as well as relationships with recreational activities. It is concluded that the five-factor structure of the scale is replicated in Latin American samples and that the psychometric properties of the instrument are consistent. Limitations and future lines of research are discussed.

大五人格模型是国际上研究和应用最多的人格模型之一,因为它已在不同国家和文化的多项调查中得到复制。根据这些理论假设,对不同版本和改编的人格测量工具进行因子分析的研究证明了这一五维结构,而跨文化研究则揭示了其普遍性。然而,目前还没有任何研究对这一结构在拉美国家的复制情况进行调查。本研究旨在开展一项跨文化研究,评估修订版国际人格项目库在拉丁美洲国家的因子一致性。此外,还对其有效性进行了分析,评估了与性别、年龄和自我报告的日常生活活动之间的关系。五维结构在参与本研究的不同样本中得到了证据支持,保留了每个国家的个体差异特征。在不同的人格因素以及与娱乐活动的关系方面,发现了性别和年龄的差异。结论是,量表的五因素结构在拉丁美洲样本中得到了复制,而且该工具的心理测量特性是一致的。报告还讨论了研究的局限性和未来的研究方向。
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引用次数: 0
The Unified Narcissism Scale-Revised: Testing Incremental Validity and Shortening the Measure. 统一自恋量表-修订版》:测试增量有效性并缩短测量时间。
IF 3.4 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-05-15 DOI: 10.1080/00223891.2024.2346768
Danushika Sivanathan, Boris Bizumic, Yiyun Shou

Narcissism has had a long history of conceptual and measurement confusion. In this paper, we aimed to assess the incremental and external validity of the Unified Narcissism Scale-Revised (UNS-R), and to determine a prototype short form of the measure that is invariant across cultures. In Study 1, we constructed a 15-item short form prototype that was scalar invariant across four countries (United States, China, Sri Lanka, and Australia). Using this short form, we found the Australian sample to be the most different from the other samples. We speculate this is due to Australia having a more horizontal culture, demonstrating resistance to hierarchy and a stronger endorsement of equality. In Study 2, we assessed the incremental and external validity of the UNS-R long and short form and found it to be a superior measure of grandiose narcissism in terms of strength and cogence of external correlations compared to existing measures, but the Five-Factor Narcissism Inventory-Short Form (FFNI-SF) was a better measure of vulnerable narcissism. In conclusion, we have illustrated the robustness of the UNS-R, and its short form, as a measure of narcissism and, in the process, highlighted important cross-cultural differences.

自恋在概念和测量上的混乱由来已久。在本文中,我们旨在评估统一自恋量表-修订版(UNS-R)的增量效度和外部效度,并确定一个具有跨文化不变性的简表原型。在研究 1 中,我们构建了一个 15 个项目的简表原型,它在四个国家(美国、中国、斯里兰卡和澳大利亚)之间具有标度不变性。使用该简表后,我们发现澳大利亚样本与其他样本的差异最大。我们推测,这是由于澳大利亚的文化更加横向,表现出对等级制度的抵制和对平等的强烈认同。在研究 2 中,我们评估了 UNS-R 长表和短表的增量效度和外部效度,发现与现有的测量方法相比,UNS-R 长表在外部相关性的强度和清晰度方面更胜一筹,而五因素自恋量表-短表(FFNI-SF)则更适合测量脆弱自恋。总之,我们证明了 UNS-R 及其简表作为自恋测量方法的稳健性,并在此过程中强调了重要的跨文化差异。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of personality assessment
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