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Validation of the Persian Version of the ICD-11 Compatible Personality Inventory for DSM-5- Brief Form Plus, Modified. 针对 DSM-5 的 ICD-11 兼容人格量表波斯语版本的验证--简表增强版(修订版)》(Validation of the Persian Version of the ICD-11 Compatible Personality Inventory for DSM-5- Brief Form Plus, Modified)。
IF 2.8 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1080/00223891.2024.2420872
Saeid Komasi, Andre Kerber, Christopher J Hopwood

Clinical assessment increasingly emphasizes six maladaptive domains of the DSM-5 and ICD-11 trait models, including negative affectivity, detachment, antagonism/dissociality, disinhibition, psychoticism, and anankastia. The present study aimed to validate the Persian version of the ICD-11 compatible Personality Inventory for DSM-5-Brief Form Plus, Modified (PID5BF + M). Data from a mixed sample including 1,615 adults (community N = 1,476 and outpatient N = 139) were used to assess the latent structure, congruence coefficients, reliability, convergent validity, and criterion validity of the PID5BF + M. The results supported the six-factor structure of the PID5BF + M whose traits are largely congruent with those from previous studies. The scale reliabilities were acceptable, and strong associations were observed with personality disorder-type symptom counts (r ranging from .15 to .59, all p < .001). PID5BF + M scales also distinguished clinical and non-clinical samples. The present results support the validity and utility of the PID5BF + M for personality psychopathology screening in the Iranian population.

临床评估越来越强调 DSM-5 和 ICD-11 特质模型中的六个适应不良领域,包括负性情感、疏离、对抗/不合群、抑制、精神病性和厌世。本研究旨在验证与 ICD-11 兼容的波斯语版《DSM-5 人格量表--简表+,修订版》(PID5BF + M)。研究采用了包括 1,615 名成人(社区 N = 1,476 人,门诊 N = 139 人)在内的混合样本数据,以评估 PID5BF + M 的潜在结构、一致性系数、可靠性、收敛效度和标准效度。结果支持 PID5BF + M 的六因素结构,其特质与以往研究的特质基本一致。量表的信度是可以接受的,并且观察到与人格障碍类症状计数有很强的关联(r 范围在 0.15 到 0.59 之间,所有 p < 0.001)。PID5BF + M量表还能区分临床和非临床样本。本研究结果支持 PID5BF + M 在伊朗人群中进行人格心理病理学筛查的有效性和实用性。
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引用次数: 0
Can Forced-Choice Response Format Reduce Faking of Socially Aversive Personality Traits? 强迫选择回答格式能否减少社会厌恶型人格特质的伪造?
IF 2.8 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-19 DOI: 10.1080/00223891.2024.2326893
Amanda L Y Valone, Adam W Meade

Self-report assessments are the standard for personality measurement, but motivated respondents are able to manipulate or fake their responses to typical Likert scale self-report. Although progress has been made in research seeking to reduce faking, most of it has focused on normative personality traits such as those measured by the five factor model. The measurement of socially aversive personality (e.g., the Dark Triad) is less well-researched. The negative aspects of socially aversive traits increase the opportunity and motivation of respondents to fake typical single-stimulus self-report assessments underscoring the need for faking resistant response formats. A possible way to reduce faking that has been explored in basic personality research is the use of the forced-choice response format. This study applied this method to socially aversive traits and illustrated best practices to create new multidimensional forced-choice and single-stimulus measures of socially aversive personality traits. Results indicated that participants were able to artificially alter their scores when asked to respond like an ideal job applicant, and counter to expectations, the forced-choice format did not decrease faking. Our results indicate that even when best practices are followed, forced-choice format is not a panacea for respondent faking.

自我报告评估是人格测量的标准,但动机积极的受访者能够操纵或伪造他们对典型的李克特量表自我报告的回答。尽管在减少伪造方面的研究取得了进展,但大部分研究都集中在规范人格特质上,如五因素模型所测量的人格特质。对社会厌恶型人格(如 "黑暗三合会")的测量研究较少。社会厌恶性人格特质的消极方面增加了受访者伪造典型的单一刺激自我报告评估的机会和动机,这就强调了伪造抗性反应形式的必要性。在基础人格研究中已经探索过的一种减少作假的可能方法是使用强迫选择回答格式。本研究将这种方法应用于社会厌恶人格特质,并说明了创建新的多维强迫选择和单刺激社会厌恶人格特质测量方法的最佳实践。结果表明,当被试者被要求像理想求职者那样回答时,他们能够人为地改变自己的分数,而且与预期相反,强迫选择的形式并没有减少作假。我们的研究结果表明,即使遵循了最佳做法,强迫选择的形式也不是解决受试者作假问题的灵丹妙药。
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引用次数: 0
Establishing Levels of Personality Functioning Using the Structured Interview of Personality Organization (STIPO-R): A Latent Profile Analysis. 利用人格组织结构化访谈(STIPO-R)确定人格功能等级:潜在特征分析。
IF 2.8 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-04-02 DOI: 10.1080/00223891.2024.2330502
Marko Biberdzic, Julia F Sowislo, Nicole Cain, Kevin B Meehan, Emanuele Preti, Rossella Di Pierro, Eve Caligor, John F Clarkin

Both the new ICD-11 and the latest Alternative DSM-5 Model for Personality Disorders focus on self and interpersonal functioning as the central feature of personality pathology, also acknowledging that personality disorders are organized along a dimensional continuum of severity. This revised understanding is in line with long-standing psychodynamic conceptualisations of personality pathology, in particular Kernberg's object relations model of personality organization. Despite existing evidence for the clinical utility of the derived Structured Interview of Personality Organization (STIPO-R), empirical support for the identification of clear cut-points between the different levels of personality functioning is missing. For this purpose, a total of 764 adult participants were recruited across two clinical (outpatient and inpatient) settings (n = 250) and two non-clinical (university students and general community) samples (n = 514). Results from the mixture modeling suggested the existence of five groups across the clinical and non-clinical samples that covered: healthy personality functioning, maladaptive personality rigidity, and mild, moderate, and severe levels of personality pathology. All five indicators of personality organization were found to be reliable predictors of personality pathology. Of the five STIPO-R indicators, Aggression and Moral Values had the most discriminative power for differentiating between the Mild, Moderate, and Severe personality disorder groups. Implications of these findings are discussed.

新的《国际疾病分类》(ICD-11)和最新的《DSM-5人格障碍替代模型》都将自我和人际功能作为人格病理学的核心特征,同时也承认人格障碍是按照严重程度的连续维度组织起来的。这一修订版的理解与长期以来对人格病理学的心理动力学概念,尤其是克恩伯格的客体关系人格组织模型相一致。尽管已有证据证明衍生的人格组织结构访谈(STIPO-R)具有临床实用性,但在确定不同人格功能水平之间的明确分界点方面还缺乏经验支持。为此,我们在两个临床(门诊病人和住院病人)环境(n = 250)和两个非临床(大学生和普通社区)样本(n = 514)中共招募了 764 名成年参与者。混合建模的结果表明,在临床和非临床样本中存在五个群体,包括:健康的人格功能、适应不良的人格僵化,以及轻度、中度和重度人格病态。研究发现,所有五个人格组织指标都能可靠地预测人格病理学。在 STIPO-R 的五个指标中,攻击性和道德价值观在区分轻度、中度和重度人格障碍组别方面最具鉴别力。本文讨论了这些研究结果的意义。
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引用次数: 0
Broader Issues in Test Translation and Validation: A Commentary Inspired by Macina et al. (2023). 测试翻译和验证中的更广泛问题:受 Macina 等人启发的评论》(2023 年)。
IF 2.8 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-10 DOI: 10.1080/00223891.2024.2375213
Dominick Gamache, Philippe Leclerc, Alexandre Côté, David Théberge, Claudia Savard

Macina et al. (2023) recently reported mixed results on the German translation of the Self and Interpersonal Functioning Scale (SIFS). By focusing on suboptimal indices of structural validity, they recommended choosing other available instruments over the SIFS in future research on personality impairment. Reflecting on Macina et al.'s overall conclusions inspired us to consider broader issues in the field of personality impairment assessment. In this commentary, we discuss some issues regarding test translation and validity raised by Macina et al.'s article. We advise against assuming equivalence between original and translated versions of a test and discuss some caveats regarding comparison between different instruments based on structural validity. We also call into question whether the latter should be the litmus test for judging the quality of a measure. Finally, we discuss how the proliferation of personality impairment measures can benefit the broader field. Notably, this would allow moving toward a "what works for whom" approach that considers the match between psychometric property, desired use of the instrument, and characteristics of the target population.

Macina 等人(2023 年)最近报告了自我和人际功能量表(SIFS)德文翻译的结果,结果好坏参半。通过关注结构效度的次优指标,他们建议在未来的人格障碍研究中选择其他可用的工具,而不是 SIFS。对 Macina 等人的总体结论进行反思,启发我们思考人格损害评估领域中更广泛的问题。在这篇评论中,我们将讨论 Macina 等人的文章所提出的一些有关测验翻译和有效性的问题。我们建议不要假定一个测验的原始版本和翻译版本之间具有等效性,并讨论了基于结构效度对不同测验进行比较的一些注意事项。我们还质疑后者是否应作为判断测量质量的试金石。最后,我们还讨论了人格损害测量方法的扩散如何有利于更广泛的领域。值得注意的是,这将使我们转向一种 "对谁有效 "的方法,即考虑心理测量学特性、工具的预期用途以及目标人群的特征之间的匹配。
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引用次数: 0
Unmasking Verbal Defensiveness: The Role of Psychological Threat in Sentence Completion Tests. 揭开言语防御性的面纱:句子完成测试中心理威胁的作用。
IF 2.8 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-15 DOI: 10.1080/00223891.2024.2326941
William B Ridgway, James J Picano, Charles A Morgan, Robert R Roland, Yaron G Rabinowitz

Shedding light on the validity of sentence completion test (SCT) verbal defensiveness as an index of defensive behavior, the current two-part study examined the relationship between psychological threat and verbal defensiveness among military security and mission-critical team candidates using SCTs. Our study showed that as the threatening nature of SCT stems increased, defensive responses also increased, substantiating the link between psychological threat and defensive behavior. In addition, expert ratings of stem content revealed moderately strong relationships with defensive responses across two different SCTs, irrespective of their structural characteristics. In contrast to previous studies using total verbal defensiveness scores, we examined specific defensive response types and their associations with stem threat ratings, finding that omissions, denial, and comments about the test were linked to stem threat levels. Lastly, our study extends the application of the SCT verbal defensiveness index beyond specialized personnel selection, finding no significant differences in verbal defensiveness based on gender or military status. Overall, these findings contribute to a comprehensive understanding of defensive behavior and its contextual variations.

为了揭示完形填空测验(SCT)言语防御性作为防御行为指数的有效性,本研究分两部分,利用完形填空测验考察了军事安全和关键任务团队候选人的心理威胁与言语防御性之间的关系。我们的研究表明,随着SCT题干威胁性的增加,防御反应也随之增加,从而证实了心理威胁与防御行为之间的联系。此外,在两种不同的 SCT 中,无论其结构特征如何,专家对词干内容的评分都显示出与防御性反应之间有中等程度的密切关系。与以往使用言语防御性总分的研究不同,我们研究了特定防御性反应类型及其与题干威胁评分的关系,发现遗漏、否认和对测试的评论与题干威胁水平有关。最后,我们的研究将SCT言语防御指数的应用范围扩展到了专业人员选拔之外,发现言语防御指数与性别或军人身份没有显著差异。总之,这些研究结果有助于全面了解防御行为及其背景变化。
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引用次数: 0
Correction. 更正。
IF 2.8 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-31 DOI: 10.1080/00223891.2024.2355832
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引用次数: 0
Compilation and Validation of Two Short Forms to Measure HEXACO Dimensions in Elementary School Children. 编制和验证两份简表,以测量小学生的 HEXACO 维度。
IF 2.8 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-21 DOI: 10.1080/00223891.2024.2318352
Elisa Altgassen, Luc Zimny, Jessika Golle, Katharina Allgaier, Ingo Zettler, Oliver Wilhelm

Personality trait measures for children are rarely based on the HEXACO Model of Personality, although research using this framework could provide important insights into the structure and development of children's personalities. There is no HEXACO measure for elementary school children to date, and existing measures for older children seem inappropriate for this age group (e.g., due to some item content). We thus compiled two HEXACO-based short forms for measuring personality in elementary school children (8-10 years old) via parent reports. We applied a meta-heuristic item sampling algorithm (Ant Colony Optimization) in a training sample with 1,641 parent reports of 122 administered items. We selected a 54-Item Short Form comprising a latent facet structure and an 18-Item Ultra-Short Form comprising a correlated factors model for all six HEXACO dimensions but no facet structure. Both short forms showed good model fit in a holdout sample (n = 411) and sufficiently high re-test correlations after six months. Convergent and divergent validities for maximal performance measures and socio-emotional constructs (also measured six months after the initial personality assessment) were largely in line with theoretical assumptions. Overall, our study provides support for construct, re-test, and (predictive) criterion validity for the selected short forms.

针对儿童的人格特质测量很少以 HEXACO 人格模型为基础,尽管使用这一框架进行的研究可以为儿童人格的结构和发展提供重要的启示。迄今为止,还没有针对小学生的 HEXACO 测量方法,而现有的针对年龄较大儿童的测量方法似乎也不适合这一年龄组(例如,由于某些项目内容的原因)。因此,我们编制了两份基于 HEXACO 的简表,通过家长报告来测量小学生(8-10 岁)的人格。我们采用了元启发式项目抽样算法(蚁群优化),在包含 122 个施测项目的 1641 份家长报告的训练样本中进行了抽样。我们选择了一份包含 54 个项目的简表,其中有一个潜在的面结构,以及一份包含 18 个项目的超简表,其中有一个针对所有六个 HEXACO 维度的相关因素模型,但没有面结构。两份简表在保留样本(n = 411)中均显示出良好的模型拟合度,并在六个月后显示出足够高的重测相关性。最大表现测量和社会情感建构(也在初次人格评估六个月后测量)的收敛有效性和发散有效性基本符合理论假设。总之,我们的研究为所选简表的建构效度、重测效度和(预测性)标准效度提供了支持。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluating the Psychometric Properties of the German Self and Interpersonal Functioning Scale (SIFS). 德国自我和人际功能量表(SIFS)的心理测量特性评估。
IF 2.8 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-02 DOI: 10.1080/00223891.2023.2268199
Caroline Macina, André Kerber, Johannes Zimmermann, Ludwig Ohse, Leonie Kampe, Jil Mohr, Marc Walter, Susanne Hörz-Sagstetter, Johannes Sebastian Wrege

The Self and Interpersonal Functioning Scale (SIFS) is a 24-item self-report questionnaire assessing personality functioning according to the alternative DSM-5 model for personality disorders. We evaluated the German SIFS version in a total sample of 886 participants from Germany and Switzerland. Its factor structure was investigated with confirmatory factor analysis comparing bifactor models with two specific factors (self- and interpersonal functioning) and four specific factors (identity, self-direction, empathy, and intimacy). The SIFS sum and domain scores were tested for reliability and convergent validity with self-report questionnaires and interviews for personality functioning, -organization, -traits, -disorder categories, and well-being. None of the bifactor models yielded good model fit, even after excluding two items with low factor loadings and including a method factor for reverse-keyed items. Based on a shortened 22-item SIFS version, models suggested that the g-factor explained 52.9-59.6% of the common variance and that the SIFS sum score measured the g-factor with a reliability of .68-.81. Even though the SIFS sum score showed large test-retest reliability and correlated strongly with well-established self-report questionnaires and interviews, the lack of structural validity appears to be a serious disadvantage of the SIFS compared to existing self-reports questionnaires of personality functioning.

自我和人际功能量表(SIFS)是一份24项自我报告问卷,根据DSM-5人格障碍替代模型评估人格功能。我们在来自德国和瑞士的886名参与者的总样本中评估了德国SIFS版本。通过验证性因素分析,将双因素模型与两个特定因素(自我和人际功能)和四个特定因素——身份、自我指导、移情和亲密关系——进行比较,研究其因素结构。通过人格功能、组织、特质、障碍类别和幸福感的自我报告问卷和访谈,对SIFS总和和领域得分的可靠性和收敛有效性进行测试。即使在排除了两个因子负荷较低的项目并包括反向键项目的方法因子后,也没有一个双因子模型产生良好的模型拟合。基于缩短的22项SIFS版本,模型表明,g因子解释了52.9-59.6%的共同方差,SIFS总分衡量g因子的可靠性为.68-.81。尽管SIFS总分显示出很大的重测可靠性,并与完善的自我报告问卷和访谈密切相关,但与现有的人格功能自我报告问卷相比,缺乏结构有效性似乎是SIFS的一个严重缺点。
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引用次数: 0
Improving the Objective Measurement of Alexithymia Using a Computer-Scored Alexithymia Provoked Response Questionnaire with an Online Sample. 通过在线样本使用计算机评分的亚历癔症诱发反应问卷改进亚历癔症的客观测量。
IF 2.8 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-29 DOI: 10.1080/00223891.2024.2320417
Emma McEnaney, Christian Ryan

The study and measurement of alexithymia - a trait marked by difficulty identifying and describing feelings - can be improved by incorporating objective measures to supplement self-report scales. The Alexithymia Provoked Response Questionnaire (APRQ) is an observer-rated alexithymia tool that shows promise yet can be time-consuming to administer. The present study aimed to assess the feasibility of computer administration and scoring of the APRQ. Further, the APRQ's association with verbal IQ and emotional vocabulary use was examined, as was the relationship between the APRQ and the self-report Bermond-Vorst Alexithymia Questionnaire-B (BVAQ-B). Adult participants (n = 366), including a proportion gathered through purposive sampling, participated in an online study. Inter-rater reliability measures indicated that computerized scoring of the APRQ is as reliable as human scoring, making the measure scalable for use with large samples. Alexithymia levels were independent of two measures of verbal IQ. Correlational analyses indicated overlap in alexithymia as measured by the APRQ and most of the subscales of the BVAQ-B. The APRQ, as an objective measure, may capture deficits in emotional awareness independent of self-insight.

情感障碍是一种以难以识别和描述情感为特征的心理疾病,通过采用客观的测量方法来补充自我报告量表,可以改善对情感障碍的研究和测量。亚历怯症诱发反应问卷(APRQ)是一种由观察者评分的亚历怯症工具,该工具显示出良好的前景,但在实施过程中可能会耗费大量时间。本研究旨在评估计算机管理和评分 APRQ 的可行性。此外,研究还考察了 APRQ 与言语智商和情感词汇使用之间的关联,以及 APRQ 与自我报告的 Bermond-Vorst Alexithymia Questionnaire-B (BVAQ-B) 之间的关系。成人参与者(n = 366)参加了在线研究,其中一部分是通过有目的的抽样收集的。评分者之间的可靠性测量结果表明,APRQ 的计算机评分与人工评分一样可靠,因此该测量方法可在大量样本中推广使用。Alexithymia 的水平与两种言语智商测量结果无关。相关分析表明,APRQ 和 BVAQ-B 的大部分分量表所测量的情感障碍存在重叠。APRQ 作为一种客观测量方法,可以捕捉到独立于自我洞察力的情感意识缺陷。
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引用次数: 0
Reliability Generalization of the Triarchic Psychopathy Measure. 三元心理变态测量的可靠性推广。
IF 2.8 3区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-26 DOI: 10.1080/00223891.2024.2321956
Brianna N Davis, Rebekah Brown Spivey, Sarah Hernandez, Hadley McCartin, Tia Tourville, Laura E Drislane

The extent to which psychopathy can be reliably assessed via self-report has been debated. One step in informing this debate is examining the internal consistency of self-report psychopathy measures, such as the Triarchic Psychopathy Measure (TriPM; Patrick, 2010). Reliability generalization (RG) studies apply a meta-analytic approach to examine the internal consistency of an instrument in a more robust manner by aggregating internal consistency statistics reported across the published literature. This study conducted an RG analysis to yield the average Cronbach's alpha among published studies (k = 219) that administered the TriPM. Meta-analytic alphas were high for TriPM Total (α = .88) Boldness (α = .81), Meanness (α = .87), and Disinhibition (α = .85). Moderator analyses indicated internal consistency differed minimally as a function of study characteristics, like gender, age, or the nature of the sample (i.e., forensic or community). Subsequent RG analyses were performed for McDonald's omega (k = 40), which yielded comparable internal consistency estimates. The results of this study provide strong evidence that the TriPM measures coherent, internally consistent constructs and thus could be a viable, cost-effective mechanism for measuring psychopathy across a broad range of samples.

关于心理变态在多大程度上可以通过自我报告进行可靠评估,一直存在争议。为这一争论提供信息的一个步骤是研究自我报告式心理变态测量的内部一致性,如三元心理变态测量(TriPM;Patrick,2010 年)。可靠性概括(RG)研究采用元分析方法,通过汇总已发表文献中报告的内部一致性统计数据,以更稳健的方式检查工具的内部一致性。本研究进行了 RG 分析,以得出实施 TriPM 的已发表研究(k = 219)的平均 Cronbach's alpha。TriPM总分(α = .88)、大胆(α = .81)、刻薄(α = .87)和抑制(α = .85)的元分析α值较高。调节分析表明,内部一致性与研究特征(如性别、年龄或样本性质(即法医或社区))的关系差异很小。随后对麦当劳欧米茄(k = 40)进行了 RG 分析,得出了类似的内部一致性估计值。本研究的结果有力地证明了 TriPM 所测量的是连贯的、内部一致的构造,因此可以成为一种可行的、具有成本效益的机制,用于测量广泛样本中的变态心理。
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of personality assessment
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