<p><strong>Background: </strong>Periodontitis arises from a multifaceted interplay of environmental variables and genetic susceptibility, where microbial infection plays an indispensable part. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) exposure has long been considered associated with periodontitis activity; however, the causal relationship and genetic connection between them remain unknown.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Within a life-course context, our study employed comprehensive Mendelian randomization (MR) methods, including univariable, multivariable, Bayesian model averaging, and reverse MR, to investigate the causal association between EBV exposure and periodontitis. Additionally, linkage disequilibrium score regression and colocalization analysis were utilized to assess the cross-trait genetic correlations, followed by transcriptome-wide association and enrichment analysis to discern the genetic-phenotypic biological profiles.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Heightened levels of EBV antibodies, particularly early antigen diffuses (which serve as indicators of early infection or reactivation), are associated with an increased risk of periodontitis (odds ratio [OR]: 1.27 [1.09-1.47], p = 6.05 × 10<sup>-3</sup>) and demonstrate a significant genetic correlation (p = 4.11 × 10<sup>-3</sup>). This pathogenesis may involve the high-confidence causal gene RNASEK located in 17p13.1. Genetically predicted early-life anti-EBV immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels are correlated to a reduced periodontitis risk (OR: 0.89 [0.82-0.97], p = 1.76 × 10<sup>-3</sup>).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The present study highlights the impact of life-course EBV exposure and its genetic hallmark on periodontitis, providing novel perspectives into the underlying pathogenesis and management strategies for EBV-related periodontitis. These findings underscore diverse clinical and public health implications, encompassing antiviral therapies, viral vaccination strategies, and tailored interventions for individualized periodontitis management. Further research is required to validate and expand upon our findings.</p><p><strong>Plain language summary: </strong>Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease driven by interactions between microbial pathogens and the host immune system. While bacteria have traditionally been the focus of research, recent studies highlight the significance of virus-bacteria interactions, particularly the role of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-a herpesvirus infecting over 90% of the global population-in the development of periodontitis. However, the underlying causal and genetic mechanisms remain unclear. Our study employed genome-wide multi-omics approaches to investigate the link between EBV exposure and periodontitis. We found that recent EBV infection or reactivation increases the risk of periodontitis, whereas early-life exposure, possibly enabling immune resistance, may reduce it. Essential genes were identified as potential mediators, including CRTC3-AS1, H
{"title":"Appraising the life-course impact of Epstein-Barr virus exposure and its genetic signature on periodontitis.","authors":"Xinjian Ye, Jian Yuan, Yijing Bai, Yitong Chen, He Jiang, Yue Cao, Qifei Ge, Zhiyong Wang, Weiyi Pan, Shan Wang, Qianming Chen","doi":"10.1002/JPER.24-0300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/JPER.24-0300","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Periodontitis arises from a multifaceted interplay of environmental variables and genetic susceptibility, where microbial infection plays an indispensable part. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) exposure has long been considered associated with periodontitis activity; however, the causal relationship and genetic connection between them remain unknown.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Within a life-course context, our study employed comprehensive Mendelian randomization (MR) methods, including univariable, multivariable, Bayesian model averaging, and reverse MR, to investigate the causal association between EBV exposure and periodontitis. Additionally, linkage disequilibrium score regression and colocalization analysis were utilized to assess the cross-trait genetic correlations, followed by transcriptome-wide association and enrichment analysis to discern the genetic-phenotypic biological profiles.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Heightened levels of EBV antibodies, particularly early antigen diffuses (which serve as indicators of early infection or reactivation), are associated with an increased risk of periodontitis (odds ratio [OR]: 1.27 [1.09-1.47], p = 6.05 × 10<sup>-3</sup>) and demonstrate a significant genetic correlation (p = 4.11 × 10<sup>-3</sup>). This pathogenesis may involve the high-confidence causal gene RNASEK located in 17p13.1. Genetically predicted early-life anti-EBV immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels are correlated to a reduced periodontitis risk (OR: 0.89 [0.82-0.97], p = 1.76 × 10<sup>-3</sup>).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The present study highlights the impact of life-course EBV exposure and its genetic hallmark on periodontitis, providing novel perspectives into the underlying pathogenesis and management strategies for EBV-related periodontitis. These findings underscore diverse clinical and public health implications, encompassing antiviral therapies, viral vaccination strategies, and tailored interventions for individualized periodontitis management. Further research is required to validate and expand upon our findings.</p><p><strong>Plain language summary: </strong>Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease driven by interactions between microbial pathogens and the host immune system. While bacteria have traditionally been the focus of research, recent studies highlight the significance of virus-bacteria interactions, particularly the role of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-a herpesvirus infecting over 90% of the global population-in the development of periodontitis. However, the underlying causal and genetic mechanisms remain unclear. Our study employed genome-wide multi-omics approaches to investigate the link between EBV exposure and periodontitis. We found that recent EBV infection or reactivation increases the risk of periodontitis, whereas early-life exposure, possibly enabling immune resistance, may reduce it. Essential genes were identified as potential mediators, including CRTC3-AS1, H","PeriodicalId":16716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of periodontology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142569019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Caspar Victor Bumm, Falk Schwendicke, Vinay Pitchika, Katrin Heck, Elias Walter, Christina Ern, Richard Heym, Nils Werner, Matthias Folwaczny
BackgroundTo investigate tooth‐related factors that influence pocket closure (PC) and the reduction of pocket probing depths (PPD) after nonsurgical re‐instrumentation (NSRI) as part of step 3 therapy.MethodsA total of 480 patients (10,807 teeth) presenting with residual pockets 6.33 ± 3.79 months after steps 1 and 2 of periodontal therapy were included and retrospectively analyzed before and 5.93 ± 4.31 months after NSRI. Reduction of PPD and PC rates following NSRI were associated with tooth‐related factors, namely tooth type, arch, number of roots, furcation involvement (FI), pulp vitality, mobility, type of restoration, presence of plaque, and bleeding on probing (BOP), using mixed‐effects regression models.ResultsNSRI reduced periodontal pockets persisting after initial cause‐related therapy by (mean ± SD) 1.32 ± 1.79 mm in PPD, and PC rate was 40%. Moderate pockets (4–5 mm) responded better to NSRI than deep pockets (≥ 6 mm) in terms of PC (51% vs. 16%). Both PPD reduction and PC rates of deep residual pockets were significantly influenced by tooth type, arch, number of roots, and presence of BOP.ConclusionTooth type, arch, number of roots, and presence of BOP at re‐evaluation (before NSRI) had a significant and clinically relevant influence on NSRI as part of step 3 therapy. Considering these factors, particularly for deep residual pockets, may allow more tailored re‐intervention.Plain language summaryThe present study aimed to investigate the influence of tooth‐related factors on the outcome of repeated nonsurgical therapy of periodontitis. Therefore, 480 patients (10,807 teeth) presenting with clinical symptoms of persistent periodontitis after initial therapy were administered repeated nonsurgical therapy and retrospectively analyzed. Therapy outcomes were associated with tooth‐related factors, namely tooth type, tooth location (maxilla/mandible), number of roots, involvement of the root furcation area in multi‐rooted teeth, pulp vitality, mobility, restoration, presence of plaque and bleeding upon periodontal probing, using mixed‐effects models. The results revealed that repeated nonsurgical therapy was effective in reducing inflammation and clinical signs of disease, with moderate residual periodontal defects responding better than deep defects. Healing of deep defects after repeated nonsurgical therapy; however, was significantly influenced by the factors: tooth type, location, number of roots, and bleeding on probing. Considering these factors, particularly in deep residual defects which are commonly suggested to be treated surgically, may allow less invasiveness and thus a more tailored re‐intervention.
{"title":"Effectiveness of nonsurgical re‐instrumentation: Tooth‐related factors","authors":"Caspar Victor Bumm, Falk Schwendicke, Vinay Pitchika, Katrin Heck, Elias Walter, Christina Ern, Richard Heym, Nils Werner, Matthias Folwaczny","doi":"10.1002/jper.24-0178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jper.24-0178","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundTo investigate tooth‐related factors that influence pocket closure (PC) and the reduction of pocket probing depths (PPD) after nonsurgical re‐instrumentation (NSRI) as part of step 3 therapy.MethodsA total of 480 patients (10,807 teeth) presenting with residual pockets 6.33 ± 3.79 months after steps 1 and 2 of periodontal therapy were included and retrospectively analyzed before and 5.93 ± 4.31 months after NSRI. Reduction of PPD and PC rates following NSRI were associated with tooth‐related factors, namely tooth type, arch, number of roots, furcation involvement (FI), pulp vitality, mobility, type of restoration, presence of plaque, and bleeding on probing (BOP), using mixed‐effects regression models.ResultsNSRI reduced periodontal pockets persisting after initial cause‐related therapy by (mean ± SD) 1.32 ± 1.79 mm in PPD, and PC rate was 40%. Moderate pockets (4–5 mm) responded better to NSRI than deep pockets (≥ 6 mm) in terms of PC (51% vs. 16%). Both PPD reduction and PC rates of deep residual pockets were significantly influenced by tooth type, arch, number of roots, and presence of BOP.ConclusionTooth type, arch, number of roots, and presence of BOP at re‐evaluation (before NSRI) had a significant and clinically relevant influence on NSRI as part of step 3 therapy. Considering these factors, particularly for deep residual pockets, may allow more tailored re‐intervention.Plain language summaryThe present study aimed to investigate the influence of tooth‐related factors on the outcome of repeated nonsurgical therapy of periodontitis. Therefore, 480 patients (10,807 teeth) presenting with clinical symptoms of persistent periodontitis after initial therapy were administered repeated nonsurgical therapy and retrospectively analyzed. Therapy outcomes were associated with tooth‐related factors, namely tooth type, tooth location (maxilla/mandible), number of roots, involvement of the root furcation area in multi‐rooted teeth, pulp vitality, mobility, restoration, presence of plaque and bleeding upon periodontal probing, using mixed‐effects models. The results revealed that repeated nonsurgical therapy was effective in reducing inflammation and clinical signs of disease, with moderate residual periodontal defects responding better than deep defects. Healing of deep defects after repeated nonsurgical therapy; however, was significantly influenced by the factors: tooth type, location, number of roots, and bleeding on probing. Considering these factors, particularly in deep residual defects which are commonly suggested to be treated surgically, may allow less invasiveness and thus a more tailored re‐intervention.","PeriodicalId":16716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of periodontology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142487571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cecilia Fabiana Márquez-Arrico,Francisco Javier Silvestre,Meylin Fernández-Reyes,Sandra López-Domènech,Jonathan Hermenejildo,Zaida Abad-Jiménez,Javier Silvestre-Rangil,Pablo Fernández-Collazo,Carlos Morillas,José María Montiel-Company,Víctor M Víctor,Milagros Rocha
BACKGROUNDGiven the link between chronic inflammation and periodontal pathologies and increased cardiovascular risk, this study aims to investigate if gingivitis exacerbates the inflammatory response and subclinical atherosclerotic markers in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).METHODSFor this case-control study, women were assigned to three groups: two PCOS groups (with and without gingivitis) and a control group. Anthropometric and biochemical variables were determined, along with periodontal parameters (probing pocket depth [PPD], clinical attachment level [CAL], bleeding on probing [BOP], plaque index, calculus index, and tooth loss), systemic and neutrophil inflammatory markers (tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNFα], C-reactive protein [CRP], and c-Jun N-terminal kinase [JNK]), systemic oxidative stress mediators (myeloperoxidase [MPO] and glutathione), soluble cellular adhesion molecules, and neutrophil-endothelium cell interactions (rolling flux, velocity, and adhesion).RESULTSOf 104 women recruited, 68 had PCOS, 24 of whom presented gingivitis, and 36 were controls. PCOS patients presented altered sexual hormone, lipid, and carbohydrate profiles. Levels of systemic inflammatory markers, MPO, and soluble platelet selectin (sP-selectin) were higher, and glutathione levels were lower in PCOS patients. BOP, plaque, and calculus index values were higher in PCOS patients with gingivitis. Neutrophils from PCOS patients showed increased JNK and decreased adhesion under flow conditions, with reduced rolling velocity and increased rolling flux and cellular adhesion, all of which were more pronounced in those with gingivitis. BOP was independently associated with rolling velocity, rolling flux, and cellular adhesion.CONCLUSIONNeutrophils of PCOS patients with gingivitis exhibit hyperactivity, promoting interaction with the endothelium and potentially contributing to atherosclerotic disease.PLAIN LANGUAGE SUMMARYCurrently, there is a high prevalence of diseases that affect tooth-supporting tissues (periodontal diseases) and negatively influence the oral health and quality of life of the adult population. These pathologies lead to movement of the teeth and impairment of chewing function, eventually resulting in the loss of teeth. In recent years, the concept of periodontal medicine has arisen and consists of studying how periodontal diseases can influence our general inflammatory system and how systemic inflammatory pathologies can affect our oral health. In the present study, we evaluate a group of women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a condition characterized by alterations of sex hormones and lipid profile and weight gain (body mass index). Our results show a high prevalence of gum inflammation among women with PCOS, which affects the interaction of their leukocytes and endothelial cells. The leukocytes of these women are hyper-responsive, presenting greater endothelial adhesion, lower flow velocity and enhanced rolling compared to tho
{"title":"Gingival inflammation and leukocyte-endothelium cell interactions in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.","authors":"Cecilia Fabiana Márquez-Arrico,Francisco Javier Silvestre,Meylin Fernández-Reyes,Sandra López-Domènech,Jonathan Hermenejildo,Zaida Abad-Jiménez,Javier Silvestre-Rangil,Pablo Fernández-Collazo,Carlos Morillas,José María Montiel-Company,Víctor M Víctor,Milagros Rocha","doi":"10.1002/jper.24-0148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jper.24-0148","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDGiven the link between chronic inflammation and periodontal pathologies and increased cardiovascular risk, this study aims to investigate if gingivitis exacerbates the inflammatory response and subclinical atherosclerotic markers in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).METHODSFor this case-control study, women were assigned to three groups: two PCOS groups (with and without gingivitis) and a control group. Anthropometric and biochemical variables were determined, along with periodontal parameters (probing pocket depth [PPD], clinical attachment level [CAL], bleeding on probing [BOP], plaque index, calculus index, and tooth loss), systemic and neutrophil inflammatory markers (tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNFα], C-reactive protein [CRP], and c-Jun N-terminal kinase [JNK]), systemic oxidative stress mediators (myeloperoxidase [MPO] and glutathione), soluble cellular adhesion molecules, and neutrophil-endothelium cell interactions (rolling flux, velocity, and adhesion).RESULTSOf 104 women recruited, 68 had PCOS, 24 of whom presented gingivitis, and 36 were controls. PCOS patients presented altered sexual hormone, lipid, and carbohydrate profiles. Levels of systemic inflammatory markers, MPO, and soluble platelet selectin (sP-selectin) were higher, and glutathione levels were lower in PCOS patients. BOP, plaque, and calculus index values were higher in PCOS patients with gingivitis. Neutrophils from PCOS patients showed increased JNK and decreased adhesion under flow conditions, with reduced rolling velocity and increased rolling flux and cellular adhesion, all of which were more pronounced in those with gingivitis. BOP was independently associated with rolling velocity, rolling flux, and cellular adhesion.CONCLUSIONNeutrophils of PCOS patients with gingivitis exhibit hyperactivity, promoting interaction with the endothelium and potentially contributing to atherosclerotic disease.PLAIN LANGUAGE SUMMARYCurrently, there is a high prevalence of diseases that affect tooth-supporting tissues (periodontal diseases) and negatively influence the oral health and quality of life of the adult population. These pathologies lead to movement of the teeth and impairment of chewing function, eventually resulting in the loss of teeth. In recent years, the concept of periodontal medicine has arisen and consists of studying how periodontal diseases can influence our general inflammatory system and how systemic inflammatory pathologies can affect our oral health. In the present study, we evaluate a group of women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a condition characterized by alterations of sex hormones and lipid profile and weight gain (body mass index). Our results show a high prevalence of gum inflammation among women with PCOS, which affects the interaction of their leukocytes and endothelial cells. The leukocytes of these women are hyper-responsive, presenting greater endothelial adhesion, lower flow velocity and enhanced rolling compared to tho","PeriodicalId":16716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of periodontology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142439356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Benyapha Sirinirund,Janet Zalucha,Amanda B Rodriguez Betancourt,Oliver D Kripfgans,Chin-Wei Wang,Diego Velasquez,Hsun-Liang Chan
BACKGROUNDThe use of the operating microscope (OM) for extraction and alveolar ridge augmentation (ARP) is increasing due to enhanced magnification and illumination. The primary objective was to compare the wound healing and crestal bone quality after the use of OM and dental loupes (DL) for ARP.METHODSForty non-molar teeth with periapical lesions in need of extraction and ARP from 33 patients were randomly assigned to 2 groups: DL (control) or OM (test). All procedures were performed by 1 surgeon and assessments done by masked examiners. ARP was performed with an allograft and a resorbable collagen membrane. The presence of granulomatous tissue remnants after debridement was recorded. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and ultrasound (US) scans were taken during the healing phase up to 16-week visits. Bone cores were retrieved from implant osteotomies for histologic analysis. Patient-reported outcome measurements (PROMs) were assessed.RESULTSAll patients completed all study visits except 1 who dropped out before the last visit. After socket debridement, the test group exhibited significantly fewer sites with tissue remnants (p = 0.01) and a better healing score at 2-week (p = 0.04) and 4-week (p = 0.01) time points. There were no significant differences in 12-week crestal bone healing by histology (p = 0.1), US (p = 0.85), and CBCT healing (p = 0.64) at 12 weeks, as well as PROMs (p > 0.1).CONCLUSIONWithin the limitation of the study, the use of OM for ARP resulted in significantly fewer tissue remnants and favorable early visual wound healing. CBCT and US-derived-crestal bone quality did not show a difference between the 2 groups.PLAIN LANGUAGE SUMMARYAlveolar ridge preservation (ARP) by placing bone particulates in the extraction socket, covered by a wound dressing material, is commonly applied immediately after tooth extraction to reduce jawbone shrinkage in preparation for implant placement later. The jawbone healing varies, depending largely on the ability to remove the etiology, socket features, extent of surgical trauma, and wound stability. Healed jawbone with good quality is favorable for easiness of implant placement and could be related to maintenance of long-term implant health. The surgical microscope with high magnification (up to ∼25×) and co-axial illumination is ideal for assistance in the removal of granulomatous tissue that is believed to interfere with healing, performance of minimally invasive extraction, and stabilization of the wound with meticulous tissue management and fine sutures. This study compared the use of the surgical microscope to dental loupes for ARP in a randomized controlled design. The microscope-assisted ARP is associated with a significantly higher chance of removing granulomatous tissue, favorable early healing, and similar crestal bone quality. Removal of granulomatous tissue is significant for immediate implant placement. This study serves as a model for testing the benefits of the surgical microscop
{"title":"Clinical outcomes of using operating microscope for alveolar ridge preservation: A randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Benyapha Sirinirund,Janet Zalucha,Amanda B Rodriguez Betancourt,Oliver D Kripfgans,Chin-Wei Wang,Diego Velasquez,Hsun-Liang Chan","doi":"10.1002/jper.24-0081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jper.24-0081","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDThe use of the operating microscope (OM) for extraction and alveolar ridge augmentation (ARP) is increasing due to enhanced magnification and illumination. The primary objective was to compare the wound healing and crestal bone quality after the use of OM and dental loupes (DL) for ARP.METHODSForty non-molar teeth with periapical lesions in need of extraction and ARP from 33 patients were randomly assigned to 2 groups: DL (control) or OM (test). All procedures were performed by 1 surgeon and assessments done by masked examiners. ARP was performed with an allograft and a resorbable collagen membrane. The presence of granulomatous tissue remnants after debridement was recorded. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and ultrasound (US) scans were taken during the healing phase up to 16-week visits. Bone cores were retrieved from implant osteotomies for histologic analysis. Patient-reported outcome measurements (PROMs) were assessed.RESULTSAll patients completed all study visits except 1 who dropped out before the last visit. After socket debridement, the test group exhibited significantly fewer sites with tissue remnants (p = 0.01) and a better healing score at 2-week (p = 0.04) and 4-week (p = 0.01) time points. There were no significant differences in 12-week crestal bone healing by histology (p = 0.1), US (p = 0.85), and CBCT healing (p = 0.64) at 12 weeks, as well as PROMs (p > 0.1).CONCLUSIONWithin the limitation of the study, the use of OM for ARP resulted in significantly fewer tissue remnants and favorable early visual wound healing. CBCT and US-derived-crestal bone quality did not show a difference between the 2 groups.PLAIN LANGUAGE SUMMARYAlveolar ridge preservation (ARP) by placing bone particulates in the extraction socket, covered by a wound dressing material, is commonly applied immediately after tooth extraction to reduce jawbone shrinkage in preparation for implant placement later. The jawbone healing varies, depending largely on the ability to remove the etiology, socket features, extent of surgical trauma, and wound stability. Healed jawbone with good quality is favorable for easiness of implant placement and could be related to maintenance of long-term implant health. The surgical microscope with high magnification (up to ∼25×) and co-axial illumination is ideal for assistance in the removal of granulomatous tissue that is believed to interfere with healing, performance of minimally invasive extraction, and stabilization of the wound with meticulous tissue management and fine sutures. This study compared the use of the surgical microscope to dental loupes for ARP in a randomized controlled design. The microscope-assisted ARP is associated with a significantly higher chance of removing granulomatous tissue, favorable early healing, and similar crestal bone quality. Removal of granulomatous tissue is significant for immediate implant placement. This study serves as a model for testing the benefits of the surgical microscop","PeriodicalId":16716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of periodontology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142439482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ellen P Pearce, David E Deas, Charles A Powell, Anibal Diogenes, Georgios A Kotsakis, Michael J Mader, Archontia Palaiologou
Background: The purpose of this randomized, cross-over trial was to determine if a preoperative dose of dexamethasone administered submucosally is as effective as intravenous (IV) dexamethasone in reducing pain, swelling, and analgesic consumption after periodontal flap surgery.
Methods: Thirty-nine patients planned for two similar flap surgeries under IV sedation were included. Before the first surgery, patients were randomized to receive 8 mg of IV or submucosal dexamethasone. Via the alternate route, 0.9% sodium chloride (placebo) was administered. Dexamethasone was administered via the opposite route during the second surgery. A standardized regimen of 600 mg ibuprofen and 325 mg acetaminophen was used to manage postoperative pain. Patients recorded pain and swelling levels on a 21-point numerical rating scale (NRS-21) and a four-point visual rating scale (VRS-4), as well as analgesic usage via a phone application at 12, 24, 48, 72, and 168 h postoperatively.
Results: While NRS-21 and VRS-4 data suggest a trend toward decreased pain and swelling with IV administration, there were no significant differences in analgesic usage or pain at any time and a significant difference in swelling only at 72 h in favor of IV administration (p = 0.047).
Conclusions: There was no significant difference in pain or analgesic usage following periodontal flap surgery comparing IV and submucosal dexamethasone. A statistically significant difference in swelling between groups at 72 h is likely of limited clinical relevance. Submucosal dexamethasone is an effective way to mitigate pain following periodontal surgery, particularly when IV access for sedation is not required.
{"title":"The impact of intravenous versus submucosal dexamethasone on short-term patient response: A randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Ellen P Pearce, David E Deas, Charles A Powell, Anibal Diogenes, Georgios A Kotsakis, Michael J Mader, Archontia Palaiologou","doi":"10.1002/JPER.24-0127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/JPER.24-0127","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The purpose of this randomized, cross-over trial was to determine if a preoperative dose of dexamethasone administered submucosally is as effective as intravenous (IV) dexamethasone in reducing pain, swelling, and analgesic consumption after periodontal flap surgery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty-nine patients planned for two similar flap surgeries under IV sedation were included. Before the first surgery, patients were randomized to receive 8 mg of IV or submucosal dexamethasone. Via the alternate route, 0.9% sodium chloride (placebo) was administered. Dexamethasone was administered via the opposite route during the second surgery. A standardized regimen of 600 mg ibuprofen and 325 mg acetaminophen was used to manage postoperative pain. Patients recorded pain and swelling levels on a 21-point numerical rating scale (NRS-21) and a four-point visual rating scale (VRS-4), as well as analgesic usage via a phone application at 12, 24, 48, 72, and 168 h postoperatively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>While NRS-21 and VRS-4 data suggest a trend toward decreased pain and swelling with IV administration, there were no significant differences in analgesic usage or pain at any time and a significant difference in swelling only at 72 h in favor of IV administration (p = 0.047).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There was no significant difference in pain or analgesic usage following periodontal flap surgery comparing IV and submucosal dexamethasone. A statistically significant difference in swelling between groups at 72 h is likely of limited clinical relevance. Submucosal dexamethasone is an effective way to mitigate pain following periodontal surgery, particularly when IV access for sedation is not required.</p>","PeriodicalId":16716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of periodontology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142391338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BackgroundEmerging concerns link periodontitis to an array of cancers, notably thyroid cancer, though investigations into these associations are still in the nascent stages. This population‐based study aimed to investigate the association of thyroid cancer with chronic periodontitis using Taiwan's Longitudinal Health Insurance Database 2010 (LHID2010).MethodsThis case‐control study utilized LHID2010, selecting 2,775 patients diagnosed with thyroid cancer, matched with 8,325 controls based on age, sex, income, and the presence of diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, human papillomavirus infection, and tobacco use disorder using propensity‐score matching. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to evaluate the association of thyroid cancer with chronic periodontitis.ResultsA chi‐squared analysis demonstrated a significant disparity in the prevalence of chronic periodontitis between those diagnosed with thyroid cancer and the controls, with prevalence rates of 38.5% and 24.1% respectively, and a p‐value less than 0.001. The odds ratio (OR) for having prior chronic periodontitis among patients with thyroid cancer compared to controls was 1.991, with a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 1.816–2.184 and a p‐value less than 0.001. The association was similar between sexes, yielding adjusted ORs of 1.991 (95% CI = 1.816∼2.184) for men and 1.962 (95% CI = 1.765−2.182) for women, indicating a statistically significant higher prevalence of chronic periodontitis in both male and female patients diagnosed with thyroid cancer compared to their control counterparts.ConclusionThe findings highlight chronic periodontitis as a potential risk factor for thyroid cancer, underscoring the importance of integrated health surveillance and preventive strategies that encompass oral health.Plain Language SummaryThis study aimed to explore the link between thyroid cancer and chronic periodontitis. Using Taiwan's Longitudinal Health Insurance Database 2010 (LHID2010), we selected 2,775 patients with thyroid cancer and matched them with 8,325 individuals without the disease based on age, sex, income, and other health conditions such as diabetes, hypertension, high cholesterol, HPV infection, and smoking habits. The study used statistical models to examine the relationship between thyroid cancer and chronic periodontitis. The findings showed that 38.5% of thyroid cancer patients had chronic periodontitis, compared to 24.1% of the control group. The odds of having chronic periodontitis were nearly twice as high in thyroid cancer patients. This pattern was consistent for both men and women. The study underscores the strong connection between chronic periodontitis and thyroid cancer, emphasizing the importance of raising public awareness about the potential risks of periodontitis.
背景人们越来越关注牙周炎与一系列癌症（尤其是甲状腺癌）之间的关系，但对这些关系的调查仍处于初级阶段。方法这项病例对照研究利用台湾纵向健康保险数据库2010（LHID2010），选择了2,775名确诊为甲状腺癌的患者，根据年龄、性别、收入以及是否患有糖尿病、高血压、高脂血症、人类乳头瘤病毒感染和烟草使用障碍等因素，利用倾向分数匹配法与8,325名对照组进行匹配。结果卡方分析表明，甲状腺癌患者和对照组的慢性牙周炎患病率存在显著差异，患病率分别为38.5%和24.1%，P值小于0.001。与对照组相比，甲状腺癌患者患慢性牙周炎的几率比（OR）为1.991，95%置信区间（CI）为1.816-2.184，P值小于0.001。男女之间的相关性相似，男性的调整 OR 值为 1.991（95% CI = 1.816∼2.184），女性为 1.962（95% CI = 1.765-2.182），这表明与对照组患者相比，男性和女性甲状腺癌患者的慢性牙周炎患病率在统计学上都显著较高。本研究旨在探讨甲状腺癌与慢性牙周炎之间的联系。通过台湾纵向健康保险数据库2010（LHID2010），我们选取了2,775名甲状腺癌患者，并根据年龄、性别、收入和其他健康状况（如糖尿病、高血压、高胆固醇、HPV感染和吸烟习惯），将他们与8,325名无甲状腺癌患者进行配对。研究使用统计模型来检验甲状腺癌与慢性牙周炎之间的关系。研究结果显示，38.5%的甲状腺癌患者患有慢性牙周炎，而对照组的这一比例为24.1%。甲状腺癌患者患慢性牙周炎的几率几乎是对照组的两倍。这种模式在男性和女性中都是一致的。这项研究强调了慢性牙周炎与甲状腺癌之间的密切联系，强调了提高公众对牙周炎潜在风险认识的重要性。
{"title":"A population‐based study on the associations of thyroid cancer with chronic periodontitis","authors":"Tzong‐Hann Yang, Yen‐Fu Cheng, Herng‐Ching Lin, Chin‐Shyan Chen","doi":"10.1002/jper.24-0311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jper.24-0311","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundEmerging concerns link periodontitis to an array of cancers, notably thyroid cancer, though investigations into these associations are still in the nascent stages. This population‐based study aimed to investigate the association of thyroid cancer with chronic periodontitis using Taiwan's Longitudinal Health Insurance Database 2010 (LHID2010).MethodsThis case‐control study utilized LHID2010, selecting 2,775 patients diagnosed with thyroid cancer, matched with 8,325 controls based on age, sex, income, and the presence of diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, human papillomavirus infection, and tobacco use disorder using propensity‐score matching. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to evaluate the association of thyroid cancer with chronic periodontitis.ResultsA chi‐squared analysis demonstrated a significant disparity in the prevalence of chronic periodontitis between those diagnosed with thyroid cancer and the controls, with prevalence rates of 38.5% and 24.1% respectively, and a <jats:italic>p</jats:italic>‐value less than 0.001. The odds ratio (OR) for having prior chronic periodontitis among patients with thyroid cancer compared to controls was 1.991, with a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 1.816–2.184 and a <jats:italic>p</jats:italic>‐value less than 0.001. The association was similar between sexes, yielding adjusted ORs of 1.991 (95% CI = 1.816∼2.184) for men and 1.962 (95% CI = 1.765−2.182) for women, indicating a statistically significant higher prevalence of chronic periodontitis in both male and female patients diagnosed with thyroid cancer compared to their control counterparts.ConclusionThe findings highlight chronic periodontitis as a potential risk factor for thyroid cancer, underscoring the importance of integrated health surveillance and preventive strategies that encompass oral health.Plain Language SummaryThis study aimed to explore the link between thyroid cancer and chronic periodontitis. Using Taiwan's Longitudinal Health Insurance Database 2010 (LHID2010), we selected 2,775 patients with thyroid cancer and matched them with 8,325 individuals without the disease based on age, sex, income, and other health conditions such as diabetes, hypertension, high cholesterol, HPV infection, and smoking habits. The study used statistical models to examine the relationship between thyroid cancer and chronic periodontitis. The findings showed that 38.5% of thyroid cancer patients had chronic periodontitis, compared to 24.1% of the control group. The odds of having chronic periodontitis were nearly twice as high in thyroid cancer patients. This pattern was consistent for both men and women. The study underscores the strong connection between chronic periodontitis and thyroid cancer, emphasizing the importance of raising public awareness about the potential risks of periodontitis.","PeriodicalId":16716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of periodontology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142328776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yong Zhang, Xu Su, Yuzhi Li, Yu Cai, Ni Kang, Jinyu Duan, Fan Chen, Fei Xue, Xiaotao Chen
<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bidirectional positive relationship between periodontitis and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been recognized, interleukin 17 (IL-17) and developmental endothelial locus-1 (Del-1) are proposed to play roles in periodontitis and T2DM. This study aims to investigate the association of IL-17 and Del-1 in patients with periodontitis with and without T2DM by measuring their salivary levels.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 80 participants were enrolled in a cross-sectional study and divided into healthy (H, n = 27), periodontitis (P, n = 29) and periodontitis with diabetes (PDM, n = 24) groups based on their periodontal and diabetic examination results. Periodontal parameters (plaque index [PI], bleeding on probing [BOP], probing depth [PD], and clinical attachment level [CAL]) as well as diabetic parameters (fasting plasma glucose [FG] and glycated hemoglobin [HbA1c]) were documented and unstimulated saliva was collected. Salivary IL-1β, active-matrix metalloproteinase-8 (aMMP-8), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), IL-6, IL-8, IL-17, and Del-1 were determined through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and their relationships with periodontal and diabetic parameters were examined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The periodontitis and periodontitis with diabetes groups showed significantly higher levels of IL-17 and lower levels of Del-1 compared with healthy group. The periodontitis with diabetes group exhibited higher levels of IL-17 and lower levels of Del-1 compared with the periodontitis group. After correlation analysis, there were significant correlations between salivary IL-17 and Del-1 and clinical parameters, IL-17 and Del-1 were correlated with PD (r = 0.36, -0.39, p < 0.01), CAL (r = 0.40, -0.42, p < 0.01) and BOP (r = 0.35, -0.37, p < 0.01), they were correlated with FG (r = 0.26, -0.25, p < 0.05) and HbA1c (r = 0.28, -0.40, p < 0.05). Positive relationships were observed between IL-17 and IL-1β and between IL-17 and aMMP-8 (r = 0.80, 0.77, p < 0.01), while Del-1 exhibited negative correlations with IL-1β and aMMP-8 (r = 0.59, 0.69 p < 0.01). Comparison between IL-17 and Del-1 confirmed an inverse relationship (r = -0.71, p < 0.01). Salivary Del-1 levels in the older group were lower compared with young group across the H, P and PDM groups, although these differences were not statistically significant (p > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Salivary IL-17 and Del-1 levels in the periodontitis with diabetes group showed significant changes compared with the periodontitis group, they exhibited an inverse relationship and were both correlated with periodontal parameters (PD, CAL, and BOP) and diabetic parameters (FG and HbA1c).</p><p><strong>Plain language summary: </strong>Periodontitis and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are two common diseases all over the world, some inflammatory mediators (interleukin 17 [IL-17] and developmental endothelial locus-1 [Del-1]) regulate neutrophil p
{"title":"Evaluation of salivary interleukin-17 and developmental endothelial locus-1 in patients with periodontitis with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus.","authors":"Yong Zhang, Xu Su, Yuzhi Li, Yu Cai, Ni Kang, Jinyu Duan, Fan Chen, Fei Xue, Xiaotao Chen","doi":"10.1002/JPER.23-0720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/JPER.23-0720","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bidirectional positive relationship between periodontitis and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been recognized, interleukin 17 (IL-17) and developmental endothelial locus-1 (Del-1) are proposed to play roles in periodontitis and T2DM. This study aims to investigate the association of IL-17 and Del-1 in patients with periodontitis with and without T2DM by measuring their salivary levels.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 80 participants were enrolled in a cross-sectional study and divided into healthy (H, n = 27), periodontitis (P, n = 29) and periodontitis with diabetes (PDM, n = 24) groups based on their periodontal and diabetic examination results. Periodontal parameters (plaque index [PI], bleeding on probing [BOP], probing depth [PD], and clinical attachment level [CAL]) as well as diabetic parameters (fasting plasma glucose [FG] and glycated hemoglobin [HbA1c]) were documented and unstimulated saliva was collected. Salivary IL-1β, active-matrix metalloproteinase-8 (aMMP-8), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), IL-6, IL-8, IL-17, and Del-1 were determined through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and their relationships with periodontal and diabetic parameters were examined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The periodontitis and periodontitis with diabetes groups showed significantly higher levels of IL-17 and lower levels of Del-1 compared with healthy group. The periodontitis with diabetes group exhibited higher levels of IL-17 and lower levels of Del-1 compared with the periodontitis group. After correlation analysis, there were significant correlations between salivary IL-17 and Del-1 and clinical parameters, IL-17 and Del-1 were correlated with PD (r = 0.36, -0.39, p < 0.01), CAL (r = 0.40, -0.42, p < 0.01) and BOP (r = 0.35, -0.37, p < 0.01), they were correlated with FG (r = 0.26, -0.25, p < 0.05) and HbA1c (r = 0.28, -0.40, p < 0.05). Positive relationships were observed between IL-17 and IL-1β and between IL-17 and aMMP-8 (r = 0.80, 0.77, p < 0.01), while Del-1 exhibited negative correlations with IL-1β and aMMP-8 (r = 0.59, 0.69 p < 0.01). Comparison between IL-17 and Del-1 confirmed an inverse relationship (r = -0.71, p < 0.01). Salivary Del-1 levels in the older group were lower compared with young group across the H, P and PDM groups, although these differences were not statistically significant (p > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Salivary IL-17 and Del-1 levels in the periodontitis with diabetes group showed significant changes compared with the periodontitis group, they exhibited an inverse relationship and were both correlated with periodontal parameters (PD, CAL, and BOP) and diabetic parameters (FG and HbA1c).</p><p><strong>Plain language summary: </strong>Periodontitis and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are two common diseases all over the world, some inflammatory mediators (interleukin 17 [IL-17] and developmental endothelial locus-1 [Del-1]) regulate neutrophil p","PeriodicalId":16716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of periodontology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142289684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BackgroundB‐cell‑specific Moloney MLV insertion site‐1(Bmi‐1)is a crucial osteopenic target molecule. The aim of this study is to explore the effects of Bmi‐1 on alveolar bone resorption and the underlying mechanisms in vitro and vivo.MethodsA <jats:italic>Bmi‐1</jats:italic>‐knockout (<jats:italic>Bmi‐1<jats:sup>−/−</jats:sup></jats:italic>) mouse model was used to investigate the effect of Bmi‐1 on alveolar bone metabolism, with micro‐computed tomography imaging, histology, and immunohistochemistry staining. Furthermore, we utilized a ligature‐induced experimental periodontitis model to examine the impact of <jats:italic>Bmi‐1</jats:italic>‐knockdown (<jats:italic>Bmi‐1</jats:italic><jats:sup>±</jats:sup>) on inflammatory alveolar bone resorption. Finally, we stimulated human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to explore the potential mechanism of Bmi‐1 overexpression in the process of osteogenesis.ResultsCompared with wild‐type mice, <jats:italic>Bmi‐1</jats:italic><jats:sup>−/−</jats:sup> mice demonstrated more alveolar bone resorption by inhibiting osteogenesis, which was characterized by decreases in Runt‐related transcription factor 2 and type 1 collagen formation. In addition, <jats:italic>Bmi‐1<jats:sup>−/−</jats:sup></jats:italic> mice had lower levels of autophagy markers such as Parkin and LC3, but higher levels of inflammation‐related factors such as interleukin (IL)‐6 and IL‐1β in periodontal tissues. In addition, <jats:italic>Bmi‐1</jats:italic>‐knockdown aggravated ligature‐induced alveolar bone loss. Under in vitro inflammatory conditions, Bmi‐1 overexpression stimulated osteoblast differentiation and inhibited the production of inflammatory factors, as well as the autophagy and apoptosis in hPDLSCs stimulated with LPS. When 3‐methyladenine (3‐MA), an autophagy inhibitor, was added, the osteogenic effect of Bmi‐1 was further enhanced.ConclusionsBmi‐1 alleviates alveolar bone resorption by regulating autophagy, indicating that it could be a potential target for periodontitis prevention and treatment.Plain Language SummaryPeriodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease, which leads to progressive destruction of periodontal tissues, manifested as periodontal pocket formation, loss of periodontal attachment and alveolar bone resorption. Currently, there is a lack of effective treatments to regenerate damaged periodontal tissues. Therefore, it is of great clinical significance to explore new mechanisms of periodontitis and effective intervention targets. B‐cell‑specific Moloney MLV insertion site‐1 (Bmi‐1) is involved in the regulation of the cell cycle, DNA damage repair, autophagy, bone metabolism, tumor, and other physiopathological processes. Autophagy, as an important mechanism of intracellular self‐regulation, plays an indispensable role in the destruction and repair of periodontal tissues. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of Bmi‐1 on periodontal tissues and its intrinsic mec
{"title":"Bmi‐1 alleviates alveolar bone resorption through the regulation of autophagy","authors":"Yiting Chu, Shuying Liu, Lixueer Yan, Aixiu Gong","doi":"10.1002/jper.23-0796","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jper.23-0796","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundB‐cell‑specific Moloney MLV insertion site‐1(Bmi‐1)is a crucial osteopenic target molecule. The aim of this study is to explore the effects of Bmi‐1 on alveolar bone resorption and the underlying mechanisms in vitro and vivo.MethodsA <jats:italic>Bmi‐1</jats:italic>‐knockout (<jats:italic>Bmi‐1<jats:sup>−/−</jats:sup></jats:italic>) mouse model was used to investigate the effect of Bmi‐1 on alveolar bone metabolism, with micro‐computed tomography imaging, histology, and immunohistochemistry staining. Furthermore, we utilized a ligature‐induced experimental periodontitis model to examine the impact of <jats:italic>Bmi‐1</jats:italic>‐knockdown (<jats:italic>Bmi‐1</jats:italic><jats:sup>±</jats:sup>) on inflammatory alveolar bone resorption. Finally, we stimulated human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to explore the potential mechanism of Bmi‐1 overexpression in the process of osteogenesis.ResultsCompared with wild‐type mice, <jats:italic>Bmi‐1</jats:italic><jats:sup>−/−</jats:sup> mice demonstrated more alveolar bone resorption by inhibiting osteogenesis, which was characterized by decreases in Runt‐related transcription factor 2 and type 1 collagen formation. In addition, <jats:italic>Bmi‐1<jats:sup>−/−</jats:sup></jats:italic> mice had lower levels of autophagy markers such as Parkin and LC3, but higher levels of inflammation‐related factors such as interleukin (IL)‐6 and IL‐1β in periodontal tissues. In addition, <jats:italic>Bmi‐1</jats:italic>‐knockdown aggravated ligature‐induced alveolar bone loss. Under in vitro inflammatory conditions, Bmi‐1 overexpression stimulated osteoblast differentiation and inhibited the production of inflammatory factors, as well as the autophagy and apoptosis in hPDLSCs stimulated with LPS. When 3‐methyladenine (3‐MA), an autophagy inhibitor, was added, the osteogenic effect of Bmi‐1 was further enhanced.ConclusionsBmi‐1 alleviates alveolar bone resorption by regulating autophagy, indicating that it could be a potential target for periodontitis prevention and treatment.Plain Language SummaryPeriodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease, which leads to progressive destruction of periodontal tissues, manifested as periodontal pocket formation, loss of periodontal attachment and alveolar bone resorption. Currently, there is a lack of effective treatments to regenerate damaged periodontal tissues. Therefore, it is of great clinical significance to explore new mechanisms of periodontitis and effective intervention targets. B‐cell‑specific Moloney MLV insertion site‐1 (Bmi‐1) is involved in the regulation of the cell cycle, DNA damage repair, autophagy, bone metabolism, tumor, and other physiopathological processes. Autophagy, as an important mechanism of intracellular self‐regulation, plays an indispensable role in the destruction and repair of periodontal tissues. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of Bmi‐1 on periodontal tissues and its intrinsic mec","PeriodicalId":16716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of periodontology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142276942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BackgroundThe aim of this study was to investigate the potential association between vitamin D deficiency and matrix metalloproteinase‐9 (MMP‐9) levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) across various periodontal health and disease statuses.MethodsA total of 200 volunteers were divided into two groups according to serum vitamin D concentration (25(OH)D < 10 ng/mL and 25(OH)D ≥ 10 ng/mL). Periodontal health status was determined based on a full‐mouth periodontal examination and radiographic evaluation. Participants in both groups were categorized according to periodontal diagnoses, encompassing periodontal health, gingivitis, and periodontitis. Following sampling, the MMP‐9 levels in GCF were determined by the enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method.ResultsThe GCF MMP‐9 levels were found to be higher in individuals with serum 25(OH)D < 10 ng/mL, in both the healthy and gingivitis and periodontitis groups, compared to those with 25(OH)D ≥ 10 ng/mL. Nevertheless, a statistically significant distinction was observed exclusively within the gingivitis and periodontitis groups. Correlation analysis and robust regression analyses provided additional evidence supporting the predictive role of periodontal disease status and vitamin D concentration in local MMP‐9 levels. These associations remained significant after adjusting for age and sex in robust regression analysis (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.002). Furthermore, the inclusion of periodontal clinical parameters in the regression analysis revealed notable associations of clinical attachment loss with local MMP‐9 levels, along with periodontal disease status and serum vitamin D concentration (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> < 0.001).ConclusionThe findings of our study suggest a potential mechanistic relationship between serum vitamin D levels and periodontitis.PLAIN LANGUAGE SUMMARYVitamin D deficiency is a widespread issue globally due to urban living, less outdoor time, seasonal changes, aging, and sunscreen use, leading to inadequate sun exposure. Low vitamin D levels are linked to several health problems, including hypertension, diabetes, heart diseases, and periodontal diseases, which affect the gums and bones around teeth and can cause tooth loss if untreated. Although the link between vitamin D and periodontal disease is unclear, it may involve the enzyme matrix metalloproteinase‐9 (MMP‐9). Our study examined 200 people, dividing them into two groups based on vitamin D levels. We assessed their gum health and measured MMP‐9 levels in their gingival crevicular fluid, a liquid that seeps out from the tiny space between gums and teeth. We found that people with lower vitamin D levels had higher MMP‐9 levels, especially those with gum disease. Our analysis showed that both vitamin D levels and gum health significantly impact MMP‐9 levels, with gum health being the more influential factor. Maintaining good gum health and adequate vitamin D levels is crucial for managing MMP‐9, an e
背景 本研究旨在探讨维生素D缺乏与不同牙周健康和疾病状态下牙龈缝隙液（GCF）中基质金属蛋白酶-9（MMP-9）水平之间的潜在关联。方法 根据血清维生素D浓度（25(OH)D < 10 ng/mL和25(OH)D ≥ 10 ng/mL）将200名志愿者分为两组。牙周健康状况根据全口牙周检查和放射学评估确定。两组参与者均根据牙周诊断进行分类，包括牙周健康、牙龈炎和牙周炎。采样后，采用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）法测定 GCF 中的 MMP-9 含量。结果发现，在健康组、牙龈炎组和牙周炎组中，与血清 25(OH)D≥10 纳克/毫升的人相比，血清 25(OH)D≥10 纳克/毫升的人的 GCF MMP-9 含量更高。然而，仅在牙龈炎和牙周炎组中观察到了统计学上的显著差异。相关性分析和稳健回归分析提供了更多证据，支持牙周病状态和维生素 D 浓度对当地 MMP-9 水平的预测作用。在稳健回归分析中对年龄和性别进行调整后，这些相关性仍然显著（p = 0.002）。此外，将牙周临床参数纳入回归分析后发现，临床附着丧失与局部 MMP-9 水平以及牙周疾病状态和血清维生素 D 浓度都有显著关联（p < 0.001）。维生素 D 含量低与多种健康问题有关，包括高血压、糖尿病、心脏病和牙周病，牙周病会影响牙齿周围的牙龈和骨骼，如不及时治疗会导致牙齿脱落。虽然维生素 D 与牙周病之间的联系尚不清楚，但可能与基质金属蛋白酶-9（MMP-9）有关。我们的研究调查了 200 人，根据维生素 D 水平将他们分为两组。我们评估了他们的牙龈健康状况，并测量了他们牙龈缝隙液（一种从牙龈和牙齿之间的微小空间渗出的液体）中的MMP-9水平。我们发现，维生素 D 水平较低的人 MMP-9 水平较高，尤其是患有牙龈疾病的人。我们的分析表明，维生素 D 水平和牙龈健康都会对 MMP-9 水平产生重大影响，而牙龈健康是影响更大的因素。保持良好的牙龈健康和充足的维生素 D 水平对管理 MMP-9 至关重要，MMP-9 是一种对愈合和炎症期间组织重塑至关重要的酶。然而，过量的 MMP 可能会迅速破坏牙周组织。
{"title":"Serum vitamin D concentration is inversely associated with matrix metalloproteinase‐9 level in periodontal diseases","authors":"Yeşim Ayhan Yıldırım, Ayla Ozturk, Fatma Doğruel, Hatice Saraçoğlu, Cevat Yazıcı","doi":"10.1002/jper.24-0106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jper.24-0106","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundThe aim of this study was to investigate the potential association between vitamin D deficiency and matrix metalloproteinase‐9 (MMP‐9) levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) across various periodontal health and disease statuses.MethodsA total of 200 volunteers were divided into two groups according to serum vitamin D concentration (25(OH)D < 10 ng/mL and 25(OH)D ≥ 10 ng/mL). Periodontal health status was determined based on a full‐mouth periodontal examination and radiographic evaluation. Participants in both groups were categorized according to periodontal diagnoses, encompassing periodontal health, gingivitis, and periodontitis. Following sampling, the MMP‐9 levels in GCF were determined by the enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method.ResultsThe GCF MMP‐9 levels were found to be higher in individuals with serum 25(OH)D < 10 ng/mL, in both the healthy and gingivitis and periodontitis groups, compared to those with 25(OH)D ≥ 10 ng/mL. Nevertheless, a statistically significant distinction was observed exclusively within the gingivitis and periodontitis groups. Correlation analysis and robust regression analyses provided additional evidence supporting the predictive role of periodontal disease status and vitamin D concentration in local MMP‐9 levels. These associations remained significant after adjusting for age and sex in robust regression analysis (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.002). Furthermore, the inclusion of periodontal clinical parameters in the regression analysis revealed notable associations of clinical attachment loss with local MMP‐9 levels, along with periodontal disease status and serum vitamin D concentration (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> < 0.001).ConclusionThe findings of our study suggest a potential mechanistic relationship between serum vitamin D levels and periodontitis.PLAIN LANGUAGE SUMMARYVitamin D deficiency is a widespread issue globally due to urban living, less outdoor time, seasonal changes, aging, and sunscreen use, leading to inadequate sun exposure. Low vitamin D levels are linked to several health problems, including hypertension, diabetes, heart diseases, and periodontal diseases, which affect the gums and bones around teeth and can cause tooth loss if untreated. Although the link between vitamin D and periodontal disease is unclear, it may involve the enzyme matrix metalloproteinase‐9 (MMP‐9). Our study examined 200 people, dividing them into two groups based on vitamin D levels. We assessed their gum health and measured MMP‐9 levels in their gingival crevicular fluid, a liquid that seeps out from the tiny space between gums and teeth. We found that people with lower vitamin D levels had higher MMP‐9 levels, especially those with gum disease. Our analysis showed that both vitamin D levels and gum health significantly impact MMP‐9 levels, with gum health being the more influential factor. Maintaining good gum health and adequate vitamin D levels is crucial for managing MMP‐9, an e","PeriodicalId":16716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of periodontology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142277060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BACKGROUNDBehçet's disease (BD) pathogenesis involves severe outcomes such as blindness, central nervous system manifestations, and deep venous thrombosis that impacts systemic and local inflammatory changes. We tested the hypothesis that BD negatively affects gingival health and increases the severity of gingivitis.METHODSThe study included 37 BD patients with gingivitis without any sign of periodontitis. Systemically healthy 19 patients with gingivitis (G) and 20 periodontally and systemically healthy individuals (C) were recruited as controls. BD patients were further grouped as stable and unstable based on their responses to BD treatment. Clinical periodontal parameters were measured to determine the impact of BD on gingival health. Serum and saliva levels of ELA-2 (neutrophil elastase-2), SLPI (secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor), α1-AT (alpha1-anti-trypsin), VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor), IL-6 (interleukin-6), IL-8 (interleukin-8), and TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor alpha) were analyzed using multiplex immunoassay to measure the systemic and local inflammatory impact of BD.RESULTSPlaque index (PI), probing pocket depth (PPD), and bleeding on probing (BOP) were significantly higher in the BD group than in the controls (p < 0.05). IL-6 was higher in both serum and saliva in the BD group than in the G group (p < 0.05). ELA-2 levels in saliva were higher in the stable BD group than in the controls, while TNF-α and SLPI were statistically significantly higher in BD than in the control (p < 0.05). Salivary α1-AT level was statistically lower in the BD group compared to the control group.CONCLUSIONOur study suggested that the gingival inflammatory profile was impaired in patients with BD.
{"title":"Behçet's disease modifies the gingival inflammatory response.","authors":"Selin Sahinkaya,Melis Yilmaz,Ekin Yay,Hilal Toygar,Nur Balci,Dursun Dorukhan Altinisik,Zekayi Kutlubay,Alpdogan Kantarci","doi":"10.1002/jper.24-0182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jper.24-0182","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDBehçet's disease (BD) pathogenesis involves severe outcomes such as blindness, central nervous system manifestations, and deep venous thrombosis that impacts systemic and local inflammatory changes. We tested the hypothesis that BD negatively affects gingival health and increases the severity of gingivitis.METHODSThe study included 37 BD patients with gingivitis without any sign of periodontitis. Systemically healthy 19 patients with gingivitis (G) and 20 periodontally and systemically healthy individuals (C) were recruited as controls. BD patients were further grouped as stable and unstable based on their responses to BD treatment. Clinical periodontal parameters were measured to determine the impact of BD on gingival health. Serum and saliva levels of ELA-2 (neutrophil elastase-2), SLPI (secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor), α1-AT (alpha1-anti-trypsin), VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor), IL-6 (interleukin-6), IL-8 (interleukin-8), and TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor alpha) were analyzed using multiplex immunoassay to measure the systemic and local inflammatory impact of BD.RESULTSPlaque index (PI), probing pocket depth (PPD), and bleeding on probing (BOP) were significantly higher in the BD group than in the controls (p < 0.05). IL-6 was higher in both serum and saliva in the BD group than in the G group (p < 0.05). ELA-2 levels in saliva were higher in the stable BD group than in the controls, while TNF-α and SLPI were statistically significantly higher in BD than in the control (p < 0.05). Salivary α1-AT level was statistically lower in the BD group compared to the control group.CONCLUSIONOur study suggested that the gingival inflammatory profile was impaired in patients with BD.","PeriodicalId":16716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of periodontology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142246838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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