BackgroundDespite growing interest in dentofacial interactions, evidence linking three‐dimensional (3D) craniofacial morphology to periodontal phenotypes remains sparse. This cross‐sectional study aimed to investigate correlations between maxillary anterior periodontal parameters and 3D craniofacial morphology in a Chinese population.MethodsParticipants underwent cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT) and intraoral scans to quantify bone thickness (BT) (at 2 mm [BT1] and 4 mm [BT2] apical to the alveolar crest), gingival thickness (GT) (at cemento‐enamel junction [GTcej] and bone crest [GTbc]), and periodontal supra‐crestal tissue height (PSTH). A 3D facial scanner measured vertical dimensions (facial height [FH], morphological facial height [MFH], nasal height [NH], lip height [LH]), and proportional indices (facial index [FI], morphological facial index [MFI], nasal index [NI], and lip index [LI]). Pearson correlations were performed to determine relationships between periodontal and craniofacial variables with Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons (α = 0.05).ResultsA total of 96 adults (576 maxillary anterior teeth) participated in this study. NI, FH, MFH, and NH correlated positively with BT1 (r > 0.3, p < 0.05) and BT2 (r > 0.3, p < 0.05). Craniofacial indices (FI, MFI, and NI) exhibited significant positive associations with GTcej and GTbc (r > 0.3, p < 0.05), except lip‐related parameters. FI and MFI showed significant correlations with PSTH (r > 0.3, p < 0.05).ConclusionsBrachyfacial morphology and broader/shorter nasal dimensions were found associated with thinner gingiva, reduced alveolar bone, and lower PSTH in the maxillary anterior region. These findings highlight craniofacial morphology as a potential predictor of periodontal vulnerability.Plain Language SummaryPeople with shorter, broader facial structures tend to have thinner gum and bone tissues around teeth compared to those with longer, narrower faces, meaning their facial shape could help dentists predict and personalize treatments to avoid gum problems or implant issues.
尽管人们对牙面相互作用的兴趣越来越大，但将三维（3D）颅面形态与牙周表型联系起来的证据仍然很少。本横断面研究旨在探讨中国人群上颌前牙周参数与三维颅面形态之间的相关性。方法通过锥形束计算机断层扫描（CBCT）和口腔内扫描来量化骨厚度（2 mm [BT1]和4 mm [BT2]尖牙槽嵴），牙龈厚度（GT）（在牙骨质-牙釉质交界处[GTcej]和骨嵴[GTbc]）和牙周嵴上组织高度（PSTH）。3D面部扫描仪测量了垂直尺寸（面部高度[FH]、形态面部高度[MFH]、鼻高[NH]、唇高[LH]）和比例指数（面部指数[FI]、形态面部指数[MFI]、鼻指数[NI]和嘴唇指数[LI]）。采用Pearson相关性来确定牙周和颅面变量之间的关系，并对多重比较进行Bonferroni校正（α = 0.05）。结果共96例成人上颌前牙576颗。NI、FH、MFH、NH与BT1 （r > 0.3, p < 0.05）、BT2 （r > 0.3, p < 0.05）呈正相关。颅面指数（FI、MFI和NI）与GTcej和GTbc呈显著正相关（r > 0.3, p < 0.05），但唇相关参数除外。FI、MFI与PSTH呈显著相关（r > 0.3, p < 0.05）。结论近面形态和鼻宽/鼻短与上颌前区牙龈变薄、牙槽骨减少、PSTH降低有关。这些发现强调颅面形态是牙周易损性的潜在预测因子。与长脸窄脸的人相比，短脸宽脸的人牙齿周围的牙龈和骨组织往往更薄，这意味着他们的脸型可以帮助牙医预测和个性化治疗，以避免牙龈问题或种植问题。
{"title":"Three‐dimensional craniofacial morphology predicts periodontal tissue dimensions using the facial scanner","authors":"Kaijin Lin, Yongqing Guo, Minqian Zheng, Yue Tang, Jin Yang, Dong Wu, Jianbin Guo","doi":"10.1002/jper.70006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jper.70006","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundDespite growing interest in dentofacial interactions, evidence linking three‐dimensional (3D) craniofacial morphology to periodontal phenotypes remains sparse. This cross‐sectional study aimed to investigate correlations between maxillary anterior periodontal parameters and 3D craniofacial morphology in a Chinese population.MethodsParticipants underwent cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT) and intraoral scans to quantify bone thickness (BT) (at 2 mm [BT<jats:sub>1</jats:sub>] and 4 mm [BT<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>] apical to the alveolar crest), gingival thickness (GT) (at cemento‐enamel junction [GT<jats:sub>cej</jats:sub>] and bone crest [GT<jats:sub>bc</jats:sub>]), and periodontal supra‐crestal tissue height (PSTH). A 3D facial scanner measured vertical dimensions (facial height [FH], morphological facial height [MFH], nasal height [NH], lip height [LH]), and proportional indices (facial index [FI], morphological facial index [MFI], nasal index [NI], and lip index [LI]). Pearson correlations were performed to determine relationships between periodontal and craniofacial variables with Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons (<jats:italic>α</jats:italic> = 0.05).ResultsA total of 96 adults (576 maxillary anterior teeth) participated in this study. NI, FH, MFH, and NH correlated positively with BT<jats:sub>1</jats:sub> (<jats:italic>r</jats:italic> > 0.3, <jats:italic>p </jats:italic>< 0.05) and BT<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> (<jats:italic>r</jats:italic> > 0.3, <jats:italic>p </jats:italic>< 0.05). Craniofacial indices (FI, MFI, and NI) exhibited significant positive associations with GT<jats:sub>cej</jats:sub> and GT<jats:sub>bc</jats:sub> (<jats:italic>r</jats:italic> > 0.3, <jats:italic>p </jats:italic>< 0.05), except lip‐related parameters. FI and MFI showed significant correlations with PSTH (<jats:italic>r</jats:italic> > 0.3, <jats:italic>p </jats:italic>< 0.05).ConclusionsBrachyfacial morphology and broader/shorter nasal dimensions were found associated with thinner gingiva, reduced alveolar bone, and lower PSTH in the maxillary anterior region. These findings highlight craniofacial morphology as a potential predictor of periodontal vulnerability.Plain Language SummaryPeople with shorter, broader facial structures tend to have thinner gum and bone tissues around teeth compared to those with longer, narrower faces, meaning their facial shape could help dentists predict and personalize treatments to avoid gum problems or implant issues.","PeriodicalId":16716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of periodontology","volume":"139 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144910959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BackgroundThe aim of this study was to study the effect of non‐surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) on gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and serum progranulin (PGRN) levels in the early healing phases.MethodsThe study included periodontitis (test) (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 24) and periodontal health (control) (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 24) groups. PGRN, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), interleukin (IL)‐1β, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α), and IL‐10 levels were assessed at baseline, at the 1st, 2nd, and 14th day, and 1st and 3rd month after NSPT in serum and GCF samples by Luminex bead‐based multiplex immunoassay method.ResultsGCF PGRN, IL‐1β, TNF‐α, VEGF, and IL‐10 levels were higher in the test group than in the control group at baseline (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> < 0.05). GCF PGRN and VEGF levels decreased from day 14 after NSPT, while IL‐1β levels decreased gradually from day 2 (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> < 0.001). TNF‐α levels rapidly increased on day 1 after NSPT and gradually decreased from day 14 (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> < 0.001). GCF PGRN/ TNF‐α molar ratio levels dramatically decreased from baseline day 1 after treatment and then increased gradually from day 14 to the 1st month (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> < 0.001). There were no differences in serum parameters between groups and among time points (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> ≥ 0.05), while a strong positive correlation was detected between GCF PGRN and IL‐1β, and TNF‐α levels (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> < 0.001) at baseline.ConclusionsGCF PGRN total amount levels decreased gradually at each time point during the early healing period after NSPT, in parallel with IL‐1β. Changes in GCF PGRN and PGRN/TNF‐α molar ratio may be associated with periodontal disease and post‐treatment outcomes (ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT05535049).Plain language summaryProgranulin (PGRN) is a protein with complex physiological functions, producing granulin peptides that promote inflammatory and anti‐inflammatory activity. This study aimed to evaluate PGRN levels in the presence of periodontal disease and the local and systemic changes after following non‐surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT). The study included periodontitis (test) (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 24) and periodontal health (control) (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 24) groups. PGRN, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), interleukin (IL) ‐1β, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α), and IL‐10 levels were assessed in serum and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples at baseline and at various time points after NSPT. GCF PGRN total amount levels were higher in the presence of periodontitis. Their levels decreased after NSPT from the 14th day in patients with periodontitis in parallel with inflammatory and regenerative mediators. However, PGRN/TNF‐α molar ratio levels increased after treatment at the end of the early healing phase. Molecular mediators hold promise as a diagnostic and therapeutic tool in
{"title":"The effect of non‐surgical periodontal treatment on progranulin levels","authors":"Aysegul Sari, Pasquale Santamaria, Luigi Nibali","doi":"10.1002/jper.11396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jper.11396","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundThe aim of this study was to study the effect of non‐surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) on gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and serum progranulin (PGRN) levels in the early healing phases.MethodsThe study included periodontitis (test) (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 24) and periodontal health (control) (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 24) groups. PGRN, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), interleukin (IL)‐1β, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α), and IL‐10 levels were assessed at baseline, at the 1st, 2nd, and 14th day, and 1st and 3rd month after NSPT in serum and GCF samples by Luminex bead‐based multiplex immunoassay method.ResultsGCF PGRN, IL‐1β, TNF‐α, VEGF, and IL‐10 levels were higher in the test group than in the control group at baseline (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> < 0.05). GCF PGRN and VEGF levels decreased from day 14 after NSPT, while IL‐1β levels decreased gradually from day 2 (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> < 0.001). TNF‐α levels rapidly increased on day 1 after NSPT and gradually decreased from day 14 (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> < 0.001). GCF PGRN/ TNF‐α molar ratio levels dramatically decreased from baseline day 1 after treatment and then increased gradually from day 14 to the 1st month (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> < 0.001). There were no differences in serum parameters between groups and among time points (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> ≥ 0.05), while a strong positive correlation was detected between GCF PGRN and IL‐1β, and TNF‐α levels (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> < 0.001) at baseline.ConclusionsGCF PGRN total amount levels decreased gradually at each time point during the early healing period after NSPT, in parallel with IL‐1β. Changes in GCF PGRN and PGRN/TNF‐α molar ratio may be associated with periodontal disease and post‐treatment outcomes (ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT05535049).Plain language summaryProgranulin (PGRN) is a protein with complex physiological functions, producing granulin peptides that promote inflammatory and anti‐inflammatory activity. This study aimed to evaluate PGRN levels in the presence of periodontal disease and the local and systemic changes after following non‐surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT). The study included periodontitis (test) (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 24) and periodontal health (control) (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 24) groups. PGRN, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), interleukin (IL) ‐1β, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α), and IL‐10 levels were assessed in serum and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples at baseline and at various time points after NSPT. GCF PGRN total amount levels were higher in the presence of periodontitis. Their levels decreased after NSPT from the 14th day in patients with periodontitis in parallel with inflammatory and regenerative mediators. However, PGRN/TNF‐α molar ratio levels increased after treatment at the end of the early healing phase. Molecular mediators hold promise as a diagnostic and therapeutic tool in","PeriodicalId":16716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of periodontology","volume":"146 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144899293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alba Regueira‐Iglesias, Berta Suárez‐Rodríguez, Triana Blanco‐Pintos, Alba Sánchez‐Barco, Marta Relvas, Carlos Balsa‐Castro, Inmaculada Tomás
BackgroundEvidence on the 16S metabarcoding of supragingival, subgingival, and salivary microbiomes in periodontal health remains limited. We aimed to analyze the diversity and potential of machine‐learning models of supragingival, subgingival, and salivary microbiomes in periodontal health.MethodsA total of 848 samples (supragingival = 210; subgingival = 155; saliva = 483) from 491 periodontally healthy subjects were included. Publicly available Illumina sequences were processed with mothur, and taxonomy was assigned using an oral‐specific database. Random forest (RF) models were built on the training set (2/3 of the samples) using a 3‐fold cross‐validation. They were tested on the test set (1/3).ResultsA total of 121 amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) presented with differential abundances between the two types of plaque, 212 between the supragingival and saliva samples, and 160 between the subgingival and saliva (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> < 0.01). Furthermore, the supragingival versus subgingival model consisted of five ASVs. The performance parameters on the test set were area under the curve (AUC) = 0.908, accuracy (ACC) = 84.30%, sensitivity = 95.71%, and specificity = 68.63%. Both the supragingival and subgingival versus saliva models also had five ASVs. These two models revealed similar performance (AUC = 0.992 and 0.986, ACC > 95%, sensitivity > 90%, specificity > 95%).ConclusionAlthough supragingival and subgingival bacterial profiles diverged only modestly, primarily due to taxa with small effect sizes, they were both compositionally distinct from the salivary microbiome. RF models accurately classified samples by niche, with higher performance in distinguishing saliva from plaques. Specific ASVs from <jats:italic>Escherichia</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Fusobacterium</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Granulicatella</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Treponema</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Peptostreptococcaceae</jats:italic> [XI][G‐9], and <jats:italic>Prevotella</jats:italic> were identified in subgingival plaque, while <jats:italic>Oribacterium</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Solobacterium</jats:italic> were identified in saliva, indicating potential niche‐specific microbial signatures in periodontal health.Plain Language SummaryMapping oral microbes in relation to periodontal health is essential for microbiome‐based diagnostics and the development of new preventive/therapeutic strategies. Our two‐by‐two predictive models demonstrated that a small set of bacterial ASVs can accurately classify periodontally healthy samples according to their oral niche. Notably, models distinguishing saliva from dental plaques achieved superior performance compared to those discriminating between plaques. This likely reflects the greater resemblance in dominant microbial taxa between the two plaque niches. These findings underscore the potential of machine‐learning approaches to identify key microbial signatures and highlight the predictive ASVs as promi
{"title":"Diversity and random forest models of oral microbiomes in periodontal health using publicly available data","authors":"Alba Regueira‐Iglesias, Berta Suárez‐Rodríguez, Triana Blanco‐Pintos, Alba Sánchez‐Barco, Marta Relvas, Carlos Balsa‐Castro, Inmaculada Tomás","doi":"10.1002/jper.70000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jper.70000","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundEvidence on the 16S metabarcoding of supragingival, subgingival, and salivary microbiomes in periodontal health remains limited. We aimed to analyze the diversity and potential of machine‐learning models of supragingival, subgingival, and salivary microbiomes in periodontal health.MethodsA total of 848 samples (supragingival = 210; subgingival = 155; saliva = 483) from 491 periodontally healthy subjects were included. Publicly available Illumina sequences were processed with mothur, and taxonomy was assigned using an oral‐specific database. Random forest (RF) models were built on the training set (2/3 of the samples) using a 3‐fold cross‐validation. They were tested on the test set (1/3).ResultsA total of 121 amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) presented with differential abundances between the two types of plaque, 212 between the supragingival and saliva samples, and 160 between the subgingival and saliva (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> < 0.01). Furthermore, the supragingival versus subgingival model consisted of five ASVs. The performance parameters on the test set were area under the curve (AUC) = 0.908, accuracy (ACC) = 84.30%, sensitivity = 95.71%, and specificity = 68.63%. Both the supragingival and subgingival versus saliva models also had five ASVs. These two models revealed similar performance (AUC = 0.992 and 0.986, ACC > 95%, sensitivity > 90%, specificity > 95%).ConclusionAlthough supragingival and subgingival bacterial profiles diverged only modestly, primarily due to taxa with small effect sizes, they were both compositionally distinct from the salivary microbiome. RF models accurately classified samples by niche, with higher performance in distinguishing saliva from plaques. Specific ASVs from <jats:italic>Escherichia</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Fusobacterium</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Granulicatella</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Treponema</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Peptostreptococcaceae</jats:italic> [XI][G‐9], and <jats:italic>Prevotella</jats:italic> were identified in subgingival plaque, while <jats:italic>Oribacterium</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Solobacterium</jats:italic> were identified in saliva, indicating potential niche‐specific microbial signatures in periodontal health.Plain Language SummaryMapping oral microbes in relation to periodontal health is essential for microbiome‐based diagnostics and the development of new preventive/therapeutic strategies. Our two‐by‐two predictive models demonstrated that a small set of bacterial ASVs can accurately classify periodontally healthy samples according to their oral niche. Notably, models distinguishing saliva from dental plaques achieved superior performance compared to those discriminating between plaques. This likely reflects the greater resemblance in dominant microbial taxa between the two plaque niches. These findings underscore the potential of machine‐learning approaches to identify key microbial signatures and highlight the predictive ASVs as promi","PeriodicalId":16716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of periodontology","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144899106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Balint Orban Memorial Program Abstracts","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/jper.25-0080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jper.25-0080","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of periodontology","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144899346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BackgroundThis study investigates the association of circadian rhythmicity, physical activity, and chronotype with periodontal diseases, focusing on both the independent and combined effects.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted among 94,305 participants from the UK Biobank. Circadian rhythmicity, measured by relative amplitude from the accelerometer, was the primary exposure, with physical activity and chronotype (morning/evening preference) as secondary exposures. Self‐reported periodontal diseases were the outcome of interest. Multivariable logistic regression and restricted cubic splines were used to evaluate linear and nonlinear associations, including interactions between exposures.ResultsEach standard deviation increase in relative amplitude was associated with a 3% lower risk of periodontal diseases (odds ratio, OR: 0.97, 95% confidence interval, CI: 0.95–0.99). A 10 milligravity increase in physical activity was associated with a 10% reduction in risk (OR: 0.90, 95% CI: 0.87–0.92). An evening chronotype increased the risk by 23% (OR: 1.23, 95% CI: 1.15–1.32). Both additive and multiplicative interactions were observed between physical activity and chronotype, as evidenced by the relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI) and attributable proportion (AP), with confidence intervals excluded the null, and a synergistic effect on the multiplicative scale (OR: 1.13, 95% CI: 1.03–1.24). A nonlinear association between physical activity and periodontal diseases was observed.ConclusionsDisrupted circadian rhythms, lower physical activity, and an evening chronotype are independently and interactively associated with an elevated risk of periodontal disease. Interventions promoting circadian alignment and increasing physical activity may represent promising strategies to explore in future studies aiming to reduce periodontal risk.Plain Language SummaryModern life, with long hours and shift work, can disrupt our natural daily body clocks. This study looked at whether these disrupted rhythms, along with how much we move and whether we are “morning people” or “night owls”, affect oral health. Using wearable devices worn by over 94,000 UK adults, researchers found that people with smaller differences in activity between their most active and least active times of day had a higher risk of periodontal disease. Being more physically active was strongly associated with a lower risk, while people who naturally preferred being active later in the day (“night owls”) had a higher risk. Importantly, the combination of being a “night owl” and having low physical activity posed the greatest risk, higher than just adding the two risks together. This suggests that keeping a regular daily activity pattern (being more active during the day and less at night), getting enough exercise, and perhaps trying to lean towards a morning routine could all be important ways to maintain oral health. While more research is needed, especially to see if changing these ha
{"title":"Association of disrupted circadian rhythms with self‐reported periodontal diseases: Insights from 94,305 UK biobank participants","authors":"Dongyun Wang, Yanling Wei, Qi Xiang, Hongyu Yang, Ying Shan","doi":"10.1002/jper.11388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jper.11388","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundThis study investigates the association of circadian rhythmicity, physical activity, and chronotype with periodontal diseases, focusing on both the independent and combined effects.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted among 94,305 participants from the UK Biobank. Circadian rhythmicity, measured by relative amplitude from the accelerometer, was the primary exposure, with physical activity and chronotype (morning/evening preference) as secondary exposures. Self‐reported periodontal diseases were the outcome of interest. Multivariable logistic regression and restricted cubic splines were used to evaluate linear and nonlinear associations, including interactions between exposures.ResultsEach standard deviation increase in relative amplitude was associated with a 3% lower risk of periodontal diseases (odds ratio, OR: 0.97, 95% confidence interval, CI: 0.95–0.99). A 10 milligravity increase in physical activity was associated with a 10% reduction in risk (OR: 0.90, 95% CI: 0.87–0.92). An evening chronotype increased the risk by 23% (OR: 1.23, 95% CI: 1.15–1.32). Both additive and multiplicative interactions were observed between physical activity and chronotype, as evidenced by the relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI) and attributable proportion (AP), with confidence intervals excluded the null, and a synergistic effect on the multiplicative scale (OR: 1.13, 95% CI: 1.03–1.24). A nonlinear association between physical activity and periodontal diseases was observed.ConclusionsDisrupted circadian rhythms, lower physical activity, and an evening chronotype are independently and interactively associated with an elevated risk of periodontal disease. Interventions promoting circadian alignment and increasing physical activity may represent promising strategies to explore in future studies aiming to reduce periodontal risk.Plain Language SummaryModern life, with long hours and shift work, can disrupt our natural daily body clocks. This study looked at whether these disrupted rhythms, along with how much we move and whether we are “morning people” or “night owls”, affect oral health. Using wearable devices worn by over 94,000 UK adults, researchers found that people with smaller differences in activity between their most active and least active times of day had a higher risk of periodontal disease. Being more physically active was strongly associated with a lower risk, while people who naturally preferred being active later in the day (“night owls”) had a higher risk. Importantly, the combination of being a “night owl” and having low physical activity posed the greatest risk, higher than just adding the two risks together. This suggests that keeping a regular daily activity pattern (being more active during the day and less at night), getting enough exercise, and perhaps trying to lean towards a morning routine could all be important ways to maintain oral health. While more research is needed, especially to see if changing these ha","PeriodicalId":16716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of periodontology","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144899105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mauro Pedrine Santamaria, Manuela Maria Viana Miguel, Amanda Rossato, Ana Carolina Ferreira Bonafé, Isabel Vasconcellos de Souza, Thiago Marchi Martins, Marcelo Pereira Nunes, Ingrid Fernandes Mathias‐Santamaria
BackgroundCollagen matrices (CMs) have been used for the treatment of gingival recession defects. A new volume‐stable collagen matrix (VCMX) was developed focused on enhancing tissue thickness due to a cross‐linked collagen structure. Thus, the present randomized clinical trial aims to evaluate clinical and patient‐centered parameters in the treatment of gingival recession (GR) RT1 associated with non‐carious cervical lesions (NCCL) B+ partially restored using coronally advanced flap (CAF) alone or CAF and VCMX.MethodsForty patients diagnosed with GR RT1 plus NCCL B+ were treated with partial restorations (composite apical margin 1 mm beyond the estimated level cement–enamel junction), followed by CAF alone or with VCMX. Clinical, patient‐related outcomes and esthetic measurements were assessed after 6 months. The recession reduction (RecRed) was the primary outcome.ResultsCAF and CAF+VCMX provided significant RecRed (1.87 vs. 1.78 mm; p = 0.76) and combined defect coverage (%CDC: 50.95 vs. 48.64%, p = 0.60) after 6 months. No difference was observed regarding the estimated root coverage (73.54 vs. 69.65%, p = 0.75). Greater gingival thickness (GT) gain was observed with VCMX (0.43 vs. 0.15 mm, p = 0.003). Both treatments decreased dentin hypersensitivity, achieved aesthetic satisfaction, and provided similar patient comfort. Keratinized tissue width is an important predictor for root coverage success while VCMX depends on it for greater RecRed (β = 1.775; p = 0.004). Combined defect (CD) height and depth can have both positive and negative impacts on coverage parameters.ConclusionsBoth therapies provided significant CD coverage and RecRed, with no superiority of CAF+VCMX over CAF. However, VCMX led to a higher GT gain after 6 months (NCT05916716; IRB:46852621.0.0000.0077).Plain Language SummaryCombined defects (CDs), where gingival recession (GR) is associated with non‐carious cervical lesions (NCCL), represent a clinical condition that clinicians frequently encounter. The lack of treatment worsens dentin hypersensitivity (DH) and esthetic perceptions. Some CDs require a surgical‐restorative protocol. To date, partial restorative fillings combined with a coronally advanced flap (CAF), and connective tissue graft (CTG) surgical technique is considered the most predictable approach; however, the use of CTG has some drawbacks, including the risk of bleeding and patient discomfort. The use of collagen matrices (CMs) as an alternative to CTG has been assessed in the literature. This study aimed to evaluate a cross‐linked collagen matrix (VCMX) in the treatment of GR/RT1 associated with NCCL/B+ partially restored. Despite similar recession reduction and combined defect coverage of up to 6 months, the VCMX promoted a greater increase in gingival thickness (GT) (0.43 mm). This is a crucial parameter for maintaining long‐
背景胶原基质（CMs）已被应用于牙龈退缩缺损的治疗。一种新的体积稳定的胶原基质（VCMX）被开发出来，主要是由于交联的胶原结构而增强组织厚度。因此，本随机临床试验旨在评估使用冠状进展皮瓣（CAF）单独或CAF和VCMX治疗龈退缩（GR） RT1相关的非龋齿宫颈病变（NCCL） B+部分修复的临床和患者中心参数。方法40例诊断为GR RT1 + NCCL B+的患者采用部分修复（复合根尖缘比骨水泥-牙釉质接点估计水平高出1mm），然后单独CAF或VCMX治疗。6个月后评估临床、患者相关结果和美学测量。减少经济衰退（RecRed）是主要结果。结果scaf和CAF+VCMX在6个月后具有显著的RecRed （1.87 vs. 1.78 mm, p = 0.76）和综合缺陷覆盖率（%CDC: 50.95 vs. 48.64%, p = 0.60）。估计的根盖度没有差异（73.54 vs 69.65%, p = 0.75）。VCMX组牙龈厚度（GT）增加较大（0.43 vs. 0.15 mm, p = 0.003）。两种治疗方法都能减少牙本质过敏，达到审美满意，并提供相似的患者舒适度。角化组织宽度是根覆盖成功的重要预测因子，而VCMX依赖于它来获得更大的RecRed （β = 1.775; p = 0.004）。组合缺陷（CD）高度和深度对覆盖参数既有正影响，也有负影响。结论两种治疗方法均具有显著的CD覆盖率和RecRed， CAF+VCMX优于CAF。然而，VCMX在6个月后导致了更高的GT收益（NCT05916716; IRB:46852621.0.0000.0077）。合并缺陷（cd），其中牙龈萎缩（GR）与非龋齿宫颈病变（NCCL）相关，是临床医生经常遇到的临床状况。缺乏治疗恶化了牙本质过敏（DH）和审美知觉。一些cd需要手术修复方案。迄今为止，部分修复性填充物联合冠状进展皮瓣（CAF）和结缔组织移植物（CTG）手术技术被认为是最可预测的方法；然而，使用CTG有一些缺点，包括出血和患者不适的风险。使用胶原基质（CMs）作为CTG的替代品已经在文献中进行了评估。本研究旨在评估交联胶原基质（VCMX）治疗与NCCL/B+部分恢复相关的GR/RT1。尽管有类似的萎缩减少和长达6个月的缺损覆盖，VCMX促进了牙龈厚度（GT）的更大增加（0.43 mm）。这是维持长期临床结果的关键参数。两组患者的舒适度和镇痛剂量的减少显示了抗自体移植物的临床益处。然而，使用VCMX获得满意的结果需要在手术前有足够的软组织特征，例如更大的角化组织宽度。虽然两种治疗的效果相似，但观察到VCMX治疗的GT增益更高。
{"title":"Volume‐stable collagen matrix to treat gingival recession associated with non‐carious cervical lesions: Randomized clinical trial","authors":"Mauro Pedrine Santamaria, Manuela Maria Viana Miguel, Amanda Rossato, Ana Carolina Ferreira Bonafé, Isabel Vasconcellos de Souza, Thiago Marchi Martins, Marcelo Pereira Nunes, Ingrid Fernandes Mathias‐Santamaria","doi":"10.1002/jper.11386","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jper.11386","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundCollagen matrices (CMs) have been used for the treatment of gingival recession defects. A new volume‐stable collagen matrix (VCMX) was developed focused on enhancing tissue thickness due to a cross‐linked collagen structure. Thus, the present randomized clinical trial aims to evaluate clinical and patient‐centered parameters in the treatment of gingival recession (GR) RT1 associated with non‐carious cervical lesions (NCCL) B+ partially restored using coronally advanced flap (CAF) alone or CAF and VCMX.MethodsForty patients diagnosed with GR RT1 plus NCCL B+ were treated with partial restorations (composite apical margin 1 mm beyond the estimated level cement–enamel junction), followed by CAF alone or with VCMX. Clinical, patient‐related outcomes and esthetic measurements were assessed after 6 months. The recession reduction (RecRed) was the primary outcome.ResultsCAF and CAF+VCMX provided significant RecRed (1.87 vs. 1.78 mm; <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.76) and combined defect coverage (%CDC: 50.95 vs. 48.64%, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.60) after 6 months. No difference was observed regarding the estimated root coverage (73.54 vs. 69.65%, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.75). Greater gingival thickness (GT) gain was observed with VCMX (0.43 vs. 0.15 mm, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.003). Both treatments decreased dentin hypersensitivity, achieved aesthetic satisfaction, and provided similar patient comfort. Keratinized tissue width is an important predictor for root coverage success while VCMX depends on it for greater RecRed (β = 1.775; <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.004). Combined defect (CD) height and depth can have both positive and negative impacts on coverage parameters.ConclusionsBoth therapies provided significant CD coverage and RecRed, with no superiority of CAF+VCMX over CAF. However, VCMX led to a higher GT gain after 6 months (NCT05916716; IRB:46852621.0.0000.0077).Plain Language SummaryCombined defects (CDs), where gingival recession (GR) is associated with non‐carious cervical lesions (NCCL), represent a clinical condition that clinicians frequently encounter. The lack of treatment worsens dentin hypersensitivity (DH) and esthetic perceptions. Some CDs require a surgical‐restorative protocol. To date, partial restorative fillings combined with a coronally advanced flap (CAF), and connective tissue graft (CTG) surgical technique is considered the most predictable approach; however, the use of CTG has some drawbacks, including the risk of bleeding and patient discomfort. The use of collagen matrices (CMs) as an alternative to CTG has been assessed in the literature. This study aimed to evaluate a cross‐linked collagen matrix (VCMX) in the treatment of GR/RT1 associated with NCCL/B+ partially restored. Despite similar recession reduction and combined defect coverage of up to 6 months, the VCMX promoted a greater increase in gingival thickness (GT) (0.43 mm). This is a crucial parameter for maintaining long‐","PeriodicalId":16716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of periodontology","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144899107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sunitha Puthiyapurayil, Rosamma Joseph Vadakkekuttical, Thulaseedharan Nallaveettil Kesavan, Harikumar Kanakkath
BackgroundInflammatory cytokines play a significant role in the pathogenesis of both autoimmune hypothyroidism and periodontal disease. The cumulative effect of these inflammatory markers may lead to extensive periodontal breakdown. This study was undertaken to assess the prevalence and severity of periodontitis, to correlate clinical attachment loss (CAL), and periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA) with anti‐thyroid peroxidase (anti‐TPO) antibody, triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), thyroid‐ stimulating hormone (TSH), and C‐reactive protein (CRP) in autoimmune hypothyroid patients and systemically healthy subjects.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study comprised of 65 autoimmune hypothyroid patients under treatment and 75 systemically healthy subjects. All participants were evaluated for periodontal parameters (bleeding on probing (BoP), probing pocket depth (PPD), CAL, oral hygiene index‐simplified (OHI‐S Index), Plaque Index (PI) and PISA) and systemic parameters (T3, T4, TSH, anti‐TPO antibody, and CRP). Analysis of quantitative and qualitative data was done by unpaired t‐test and Chi‐Square test, respectively.ResultsPrevalence and severity of periodontitis in the autoimmune hypothyroid group were significantly higher compared with the systemically healthy group (p < 0.001). CAL, PISA, T3, TSH, and anti‐TPO antibody were significantly higher in the autoimmune hypothyroid group as compared with the systemically healthy group. Mean CAL and PISA were positively correlated with anti‐TPO antibody, T3, T4, TSH, and CRP. The multivariate linear regression model with dependent variable mean CAL showed that anti‐TPO antibody was significantly associated with mean CAL (β = 0.001, p = 0.02).ConclusionsAutoimmune hypothyroid subjects exhibited a higher prevalence and severity of periodontitis compared with the systemically healthy group. BoP, PPD, CAL and PISA were also higher in autoimmune hypothyroid group as compared with the systemically healthy group. A statistically significant positive correlation of CAL, and PISA with anti‐TPO antibody, T3, TSH, and CRP was observed.Plain language summaryThis study assessed the link between autoimmune hypothyroidism (a condition characterized by decreased thyroid function) and periodontitis by comparing 65 individuals with autoimmune hypothyroidism undergoing treatment to 75 healthy subjects. This research measured periodontal health indicators, thyroid hormone levels, and inflammatory markers. Results indicated that those with autoimmune hypothyroidism experienced more severe periodontal disease and increased periodontal tissue loss. They also showed elevated levels of specific thyroid antibodies and thyroid hormonal imbalances. Importantly, a significant positive association was found between the extent of periodontal tissue loss and these thyroid‐related markers, especially the anti‐TPO antibody. In c
{"title":"Association between periodontal parameters and thyroid markers in autoimmune hypothyroidism: A cross‐sectional study","authors":"Sunitha Puthiyapurayil, Rosamma Joseph Vadakkekuttical, Thulaseedharan Nallaveettil Kesavan, Harikumar Kanakkath","doi":"10.1002/jper.24-0735","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jper.24-0735","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundInflammatory cytokines play a significant role in the pathogenesis of both autoimmune hypothyroidism and periodontal disease. The cumulative effect of these inflammatory markers may lead to extensive periodontal breakdown. This study was undertaken to assess the prevalence and severity of periodontitis, to correlate clinical attachment loss (CAL), and periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA) with anti‐thyroid peroxidase (anti‐TPO) antibody, triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), thyroid‐ stimulating hormone (TSH), and C‐reactive protein (CRP) in autoimmune hypothyroid patients and systemically healthy subjects.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study comprised of 65 autoimmune hypothyroid patients under treatment and 75 systemically healthy subjects. All participants were evaluated for periodontal parameters (bleeding on probing (BoP), probing pocket depth (PPD), CAL, oral hygiene index‐simplified (OHI‐S Index), Plaque Index (PI) and PISA) and systemic parameters (T3, T4, TSH, anti‐TPO antibody, and CRP). Analysis of quantitative and qualitative data was done by unpaired <jats:italic>t</jats:italic>‐test and Chi‐Square test, respectively.ResultsPrevalence and severity of periodontitis in the autoimmune hypothyroid group were significantly higher compared with the systemically healthy group (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> < 0.001). CAL, PISA, T3, TSH, and anti‐TPO antibody were significantly higher in the autoimmune hypothyroid group as compared with the systemically healthy group. Mean CAL and PISA were positively correlated with anti‐TPO antibody, T3, T4, TSH, and CRP. The multivariate linear regression model with dependent variable mean CAL showed that anti‐TPO antibody was significantly associated with mean CAL (<jats:italic>β</jats:italic> = 0.001, <jats:italic>p </jats:italic>= 0.02).ConclusionsAutoimmune hypothyroid subjects exhibited a higher prevalence and severity of periodontitis compared with the systemically healthy group. BoP, PPD, CAL and PISA were also higher in autoimmune hypothyroid group as compared with the systemically healthy group. A statistically significant positive correlation of CAL, and PISA with anti‐TPO antibody, T3, TSH, and CRP was observed.Plain language summaryThis study assessed the link between autoimmune hypothyroidism (a condition characterized by decreased thyroid function) and periodontitis by comparing 65 individuals with autoimmune hypothyroidism undergoing treatment to 75 healthy subjects. This research measured periodontal health indicators, thyroid hormone levels, and inflammatory markers. Results indicated that those with autoimmune hypothyroidism experienced more severe periodontal disease and increased periodontal tissue loss. They also showed elevated levels of specific thyroid antibodies and thyroid hormonal imbalances. Importantly, a significant positive association was found between the extent of periodontal tissue loss and these thyroid‐related markers, especially the anti‐TPO antibody. In c","PeriodicalId":16716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of periodontology","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144899345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Piyarat Sirirattanagool, Praewvanit Asavanamuang, Shruti Jain, Lorenzo Tavelli, Matthew Finkelman, Yo-Wei Chen, Yash Brahmbhatt, Panagiotis Ntovas, Maria Elisa Galarraga-Vinueza
<p><strong>Background: </strong>Current evidence indicates a possible link between the design of the implant-abutment-prosthesis complex and the development of peri-implant diseases. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the association between implant and prosthetic factors and the prevalence of peri-implant diseases and peri-implant marginal bone loss in patients treated with static computer-assisted implant surgery (sCAIS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included 115 patients with 417 dental implants, all placed using a standardized sCAIS protocol and with more than 1 year of loading. Each implant was clinically and radiographically assessed, with diagnoses made based on established criteria. Bivariate and multivariable analyses were performed to identify implant and prosthetic parameters, such as implant connection, loading protocol, crown-to-implant ratio (CIR), implant surface, prosthesis type, prosthetic emergence angle (EA), prosthetic emergence profile (EP), cantilever length, mucosal height of the abutment (HA), interproximal contact level, inter-implant distance, implant and abutment angulation, and presence of open contacts, as risk indicators associated with peri-implant diseases, bleeding on probing (BOP) scores, and changes in the peri-implant marginal bone level (MBL).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the total implants, 156 were diagnosed as healthy, 241 exhibited mucositis, and 20 showed peri-implantitis, corresponding to 37.4%, 57.8%, and 4.8% of the implants, respectively. An odds ratio (OR) of 2.16 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.003-4.63) for peri-implantitis was observed in implants supporting removable prostheses, with the fixed prosthesis group serving as the reference category. Marginal bone loss was significantly associated with higher interproximal contact levels, greater prosthetic EA, shorter abutment mucosal height, longer cantilever length, and anodized implant surface treatment, as determined by bivariate and multivariable analyses.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In the present cross-sectional study, implants supporting overdentures were associated with a higher prevalence of peri-implantitis. Furthermore, several implant-abutment-prosthesis complex factors were significantly linked to marginal bone loss around dental implants, including interproximal contact level, prosthetic EA, abutment mucosal height, cantilever length, and implant surface treatment. Clinicians are recommended to meticulously select prosthesis types/designs tailored to each peri-implant site, apply digital technology for precise implant planning, and regularly monitor patients to detect and manage peri-implant diseases in early stages.</p><p><strong>Plain language summary: </strong>This clinical study looked at how the design of dental implants and their related components (like crowns and abutments) might influence the development of gum problems around implants and bone loss. It involved 115 pati
{"title":"Prosthetic factors influencing the prevalence of peri-implant diseases and marginal bone loss in static computer-assisted implant sites: A cross-sectional study.","authors":"Piyarat Sirirattanagool, Praewvanit Asavanamuang, Shruti Jain, Lorenzo Tavelli, Matthew Finkelman, Yo-Wei Chen, Yash Brahmbhatt, Panagiotis Ntovas, Maria Elisa Galarraga-Vinueza","doi":"10.1002/jper.11387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jper.11387","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Current evidence indicates a possible link between the design of the implant-abutment-prosthesis complex and the development of peri-implant diseases. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the association between implant and prosthetic factors and the prevalence of peri-implant diseases and peri-implant marginal bone loss in patients treated with static computer-assisted implant surgery (sCAIS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included 115 patients with 417 dental implants, all placed using a standardized sCAIS protocol and with more than 1 year of loading. Each implant was clinically and radiographically assessed, with diagnoses made based on established criteria. Bivariate and multivariable analyses were performed to identify implant and prosthetic parameters, such as implant connection, loading protocol, crown-to-implant ratio (CIR), implant surface, prosthesis type, prosthetic emergence angle (EA), prosthetic emergence profile (EP), cantilever length, mucosal height of the abutment (HA), interproximal contact level, inter-implant distance, implant and abutment angulation, and presence of open contacts, as risk indicators associated with peri-implant diseases, bleeding on probing (BOP) scores, and changes in the peri-implant marginal bone level (MBL).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the total implants, 156 were diagnosed as healthy, 241 exhibited mucositis, and 20 showed peri-implantitis, corresponding to 37.4%, 57.8%, and 4.8% of the implants, respectively. An odds ratio (OR) of 2.16 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.003-4.63) for peri-implantitis was observed in implants supporting removable prostheses, with the fixed prosthesis group serving as the reference category. Marginal bone loss was significantly associated with higher interproximal contact levels, greater prosthetic EA, shorter abutment mucosal height, longer cantilever length, and anodized implant surface treatment, as determined by bivariate and multivariable analyses.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In the present cross-sectional study, implants supporting overdentures were associated with a higher prevalence of peri-implantitis. Furthermore, several implant-abutment-prosthesis complex factors were significantly linked to marginal bone loss around dental implants, including interproximal contact level, prosthetic EA, abutment mucosal height, cantilever length, and implant surface treatment. Clinicians are recommended to meticulously select prosthesis types/designs tailored to each peri-implant site, apply digital technology for precise implant planning, and regularly monitor patients to detect and manage peri-implant diseases in early stages.</p><p><strong>Plain language summary: </strong>This clinical study looked at how the design of dental implants and their related components (like crowns and abutments) might influence the development of gum problems around implants and bone loss. It involved 115 pati","PeriodicalId":16716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of periodontology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144873699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Miguel Ángel Arrabal-Polo, Ana López-Toruño, Antonio Magan-Fernández, Miguel Arrabal Martin, Natividad Martín-Morales, Eva Rosel, Manuel Bravo, Francisco O Valle, Francisco Mesa
<p><strong>Background: </strong>The relationship between periodontitis and erectile dysfunction (ED) has been poorly documented in Caucasian populations, particularly severe ED (SED) requiring penile prostheses. This study aimed to evaluate the association between periodontitis and SED in patients undergoing penile prosthesis implantation, and to identify clinical and biochemical periodontal variables associated with SED using multivariate analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An observational case-control study was conducted on patients with SED (cases) and patients with other conditions, such as penile curvature and Peyronie's disease (controls). Periodontal clinical and biochemical variables were assessed, alongside histomorphometrical and immunohistochemical analyses of corporotomies from the corpora cavernosa.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 81 patients: 24 with SED and 57 controls. Compared to controls, the SED group showed higher age (p < 0.001), lower high density lipoproteins (HDL) levels (p = 0.012), higher diabetes prevalence (p = 0.036), fewer teeth (p < 0.001), more sites with attachment loss > 3 mm (p = 0.014), and over 3 times greater Periodontal Inflammatory Severity Index modified (PISIM) (p < 0.001). Additionally, the SED group had fewer blood vessels/mm<sup>2</sup> (p < 0.001) and lower endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression (p = 0.043). Multivariate logistic regression showed that age > 55 years (odds ratio [OR] = 5.9, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.5-22.9, p = 0.010), diabetes (OR = 7.0, 95%CI 1.3-37.9 p = 0.023), and PISIM scores > 4 (OR = 13.9, CI 2.6-73.8, p = 0.002) increased the likelihood of SED requiring prothesis implantation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Periodontitis is strongly associated with SED treated with penile prostheses, linked to lower eNOS expression in penile tissue. Diabetes and age were identified as additional independent risk factors for SED.</p><p><strong>Plain language summary: </strong>Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a common condition where men have trouble achieving or maintaining an erection. In severe cases, surgery to implant a penile prosthesis is sometimes needed. This study explored whether gum disease (periodontitis), a condition that damages the tissues supporting the teeth, is linked to severe erectile dysfunction (SED). We compared two groups of patients: those with SED who required a penile implant and those with other penile conditions, such as curvature. We found that men with SED were more likely to have advanced gum disease, fewer teeth, and signs of poor oral health. They also showed lower levels of certain molecules, like nitric oxide, that help blood vessels work properly, including those in the penis. Diabetes and being older than 55 also increased the likelihood of SED. Our findings suggest that gum disease may play a role in SED, possibly by affecting blood vessel health. This highlights the importance of good oral hygiene and managing
背景：在高加索人群中，牙周炎与勃起功能障碍（ED）之间的关系文献很少，特别是需要阴茎假体的严重ED （SED）。本研究旨在评估阴茎假体植入术患者牙周炎与SED之间的关系，并通过多变量分析确定与SED相关的临床和生化牙周变量。方法：采用观察性病例-对照研究，将SED患者（病例）与阴茎弯曲、佩罗尼氏病等其他情况的患者（对照组）进行对照。评估牙周临床和生化变量，同时对海绵体切除的牙周进行组织形态计量学和免疫组织化学分析。结果：81例患者入组，其中SED患者24例，对照组57例。与对照组相比，SED组显示出更高的年龄（p 3 mm (p = 0.014)），牙周炎症严重程度指数修正（PISIM） (p 2 (p 55岁（优势比[OR] = 5.9, 95%可信区间[CI] 1.5-22.9, p = 0.010），糖尿病（OR = 7.0, 95%CI 1.3-37.9 p = 0.023）， PISIM评分>.4 （OR = 13.9, CI 2.6-73.8, p = 0.002）增加了SED需要种植假体的可能性。结论：牙周炎与阴茎假体治疗SED密切相关，与阴茎组织中eNOS表达降低有关。糖尿病和年龄被确定为SED的额外独立危险因素。简单的语言总结：勃起功能障碍（ED）是男性难以达到或维持勃起的常见情况。在严重的情况下，有时需要手术植入阴茎假体。这项研究探讨了牙龈疾病（牙周炎），一种损害支撑牙齿的组织的疾病，是否与严重的勃起功能障碍（SED）有关。我们比较了两组患者：需要阴茎植入的SED患者和有其他阴茎状况（如弯曲）的患者。我们发现，患有SED的男性更有可能患有晚期牙龈疾病，牙齿更少，口腔健康状况不佳。他们还显示出某些分子的水平较低，比如一氧化氮，这些分子有助于血管正常工作，包括阴茎中的血管。糖尿病和年龄超过55岁也会增加患SED的可能性。我们的研究结果表明，牙龈疾病可能在SED中发挥作用，可能是通过影响血管健康。这突出了良好口腔卫生和管理糖尿病等疾病对支持整体健康的重要性。这些结果可能有助于指导医疗保健提供者预防或治疗男性牙周炎勃起功能障碍。
{"title":"Periodontitis in patients with severe erectile dysfunction undergoing penile prosthesis implantation: Clinical and immunohistochemical study.","authors":"Miguel Ángel Arrabal-Polo, Ana López-Toruño, Antonio Magan-Fernández, Miguel Arrabal Martin, Natividad Martín-Morales, Eva Rosel, Manuel Bravo, Francisco O Valle, Francisco Mesa","doi":"10.1002/jper.11391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jper.11391","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The relationship between periodontitis and erectile dysfunction (ED) has been poorly documented in Caucasian populations, particularly severe ED (SED) requiring penile prostheses. This study aimed to evaluate the association between periodontitis and SED in patients undergoing penile prosthesis implantation, and to identify clinical and biochemical periodontal variables associated with SED using multivariate analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An observational case-control study was conducted on patients with SED (cases) and patients with other conditions, such as penile curvature and Peyronie's disease (controls). Periodontal clinical and biochemical variables were assessed, alongside histomorphometrical and immunohistochemical analyses of corporotomies from the corpora cavernosa.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 81 patients: 24 with SED and 57 controls. Compared to controls, the SED group showed higher age (p < 0.001), lower high density lipoproteins (HDL) levels (p = 0.012), higher diabetes prevalence (p = 0.036), fewer teeth (p < 0.001), more sites with attachment loss > 3 mm (p = 0.014), and over 3 times greater Periodontal Inflammatory Severity Index modified (PISIM) (p < 0.001). Additionally, the SED group had fewer blood vessels/mm<sup>2</sup> (p < 0.001) and lower endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression (p = 0.043). Multivariate logistic regression showed that age > 55 years (odds ratio [OR] = 5.9, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.5-22.9, p = 0.010), diabetes (OR = 7.0, 95%CI 1.3-37.9 p = 0.023), and PISIM scores > 4 (OR = 13.9, CI 2.6-73.8, p = 0.002) increased the likelihood of SED requiring prothesis implantation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Periodontitis is strongly associated with SED treated with penile prostheses, linked to lower eNOS expression in penile tissue. Diabetes and age were identified as additional independent risk factors for SED.</p><p><strong>Plain language summary: </strong>Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a common condition where men have trouble achieving or maintaining an erection. In severe cases, surgery to implant a penile prosthesis is sometimes needed. This study explored whether gum disease (periodontitis), a condition that damages the tissues supporting the teeth, is linked to severe erectile dysfunction (SED). We compared two groups of patients: those with SED who required a penile implant and those with other penile conditions, such as curvature. We found that men with SED were more likely to have advanced gum disease, fewer teeth, and signs of poor oral health. They also showed lower levels of certain molecules, like nitric oxide, that help blood vessels work properly, including those in the penis. Diabetes and being older than 55 also increased the likelihood of SED. Our findings suggest that gum disease may play a role in SED, possibly by affecting blood vessel health. This highlights the importance of good oral hygiene and managing","PeriodicalId":16716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of periodontology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144873698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: The study aimed to assess the impact of palatal pre-suturing on bleeding, postoperative morbidity, wound healing, and quality of life following subepithelial connective tissue graft (SCTG) surgery through a randomized controlled clinical trial.
Methods: Thirty-two healthy, non-smoking participants (18-60 years) with a single Cairo type 1 or 2 gingival recession were randomly assigned to test (n = 16) and control (n = 16) groups. Both groups underwent a coronally advanced flap with SCTG. In the test group, a greater palatal compression suture (GPCS) was applied before SCTG, while the control group did not receive GPCS. Intraoperative bleeding and surgical duration were recorded. Postoperative parameters, including bleeding, pain, analgesic use, Landry wound healing index, and Oral Health Impact Profile-14 Turkish (OHIP-14 TR) scores, were assessed on day 3, weeks 1 and 2, and months 1 and 3.
Results: No significant differences in age or sex were observed (p > 0.05). The test group showed significantly lower intraoperative bleeding and shorter operation time (p < 0.05). Additionally, postoperative pain and analgesic use were significantly reduced in the test group compared with the control group at week 1 (p < 0.05). OHIP-14 TR scores were higher in the control group (p < 0.05). Landry wound healing index scores were superior in the test group on days 3, 7, and 14 (p < 0.01).
Conclusions: GPCS reduces intraoperative bleeding, shortens operative time, and positively influences postoperative morbidity and wound healing. Its application in high-bleeding-risk cases or prior to extensive graft harvesting may enhance procedural predictability and provide clinicians with greater confidence in bleeding control.
Plain language summary: Gingival recession is characterized by the apical displacement of the gingival margin, leading to root surface exposure and potential functional and esthetic concerns. Gingival graft surgery is a commonly performed procedure in which autogenous connective tissue is harvested from the palate and transplanted to the recession site. However, this procedure is often associated with intraoperative bleeding, postoperative discomfort, and variable healing outcomes. This study evaluated the effect of Greater Palatal Compression Suture (GPCS) application on perioperative bleeding and patient outcomes when placed before harvesting connective tissue from the palatal donor site. Thirty-two systemically healthy individuals with gingival recession were randomly assigned to two groups: one group received GPCS before graft harvesting, while the other underwent the standard procedure. The findings demonstrated that GPCS significantly reduced intraoperative bleeding, shortened surgical duration, and improved wound healing. Additionally, individuals in the GPCS group reported lower postoperative pain levels and reduced ana
{"title":"Palatal pre-suturing effects on hemostasis and morbidity in connective tissue grafting: A randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Melis Ziyaettin, Nazlı Gül Kınoğlu Canpolat, Burcu Karaduman","doi":"10.1002/jper.11392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jper.11392","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The study aimed to assess the impact of palatal pre-suturing on bleeding, postoperative morbidity, wound healing, and quality of life following subepithelial connective tissue graft (SCTG) surgery through a randomized controlled clinical trial.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty-two healthy, non-smoking participants (18-60 years) with a single Cairo type 1 or 2 gingival recession were randomly assigned to test (n = 16) and control (n = 16) groups. Both groups underwent a coronally advanced flap with SCTG. In the test group, a greater palatal compression suture (GPCS) was applied before SCTG, while the control group did not receive GPCS. Intraoperative bleeding and surgical duration were recorded. Postoperative parameters, including bleeding, pain, analgesic use, Landry wound healing index, and Oral Health Impact Profile-14 Turkish (OHIP-14 TR) scores, were assessed on day 3, weeks 1 and 2, and months 1 and 3.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No significant differences in age or sex were observed (p > 0.05). The test group showed significantly lower intraoperative bleeding and shorter operation time (p < 0.05). Additionally, postoperative pain and analgesic use were significantly reduced in the test group compared with the control group at week 1 (p < 0.05). OHIP-14 TR scores were higher in the control group (p < 0.05). Landry wound healing index scores were superior in the test group on days 3, 7, and 14 (p < 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>GPCS reduces intraoperative bleeding, shortens operative time, and positively influences postoperative morbidity and wound healing. Its application in high-bleeding-risk cases or prior to extensive graft harvesting may enhance procedural predictability and provide clinicians with greater confidence in bleeding control.</p><p><strong>Plain language summary: </strong>Gingival recession is characterized by the apical displacement of the gingival margin, leading to root surface exposure and potential functional and esthetic concerns. Gingival graft surgery is a commonly performed procedure in which autogenous connective tissue is harvested from the palate and transplanted to the recession site. However, this procedure is often associated with intraoperative bleeding, postoperative discomfort, and variable healing outcomes. This study evaluated the effect of Greater Palatal Compression Suture (GPCS) application on perioperative bleeding and patient outcomes when placed before harvesting connective tissue from the palatal donor site. Thirty-two systemically healthy individuals with gingival recession were randomly assigned to two groups: one group received GPCS before graft harvesting, while the other underwent the standard procedure. The findings demonstrated that GPCS significantly reduced intraoperative bleeding, shortened surgical duration, and improved wound healing. Additionally, individuals in the GPCS group reported lower postoperative pain levels and reduced ana","PeriodicalId":16716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of periodontology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144873697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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