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Quantifying periodontitis-associated oral dysbiosis in tongue and saliva microbiomes-An integrated data analysis. 在舌头和唾液微生物组中量化牙周炎相关的口腔菌群失调--综合数据分析。
IF 4.2 2区 医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE Pub Date : 2024-07-15 DOI: 10.1002/JPER.24-0120
Ren Jie Jacob Chew, Kai Soo Tan, Tsute Chen, Nezar Noor Al-Hebshi, Charlene Enhui Goh
<p><strong>Background: </strong>Periodontitis is primarily driven by subgingival biofilm dysbiosis. However, the quantification and impact of this periodontal dysbiosis on other oral microbial niches remain unclear. This study seeks to quantify the dysbiotic changes in tongue and salivary microbiomes resulting from periodontitis by applying a clinically relevant dysbiosis index to an integrated data analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database was searched to identify BioProjects with published studies on salivary and tongue microbiomes of healthy and periodontitis subjects. Raw sequence datasets were processed using a standardized bioinformatic pipeline and categorized by their ecological niche and periodontal status. The subgingival microbial dysbiosis index (SMDI), a dysbiosis index originally developed using the subgingival microbiome, was computed at species and genus levels and customized for each niche. Its diagnostic accuracy for periodontitis was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic curves.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Four studies, contributing 328 microbiome samples, were included. At both species and genus levels, periodontitis samples had a higher SMDI, but the differences were only significant for subgingival biofilm and saliva (p < 0.001). However, SMDI showed good diagnostic accuracy for periodontitis status for all three niches (area under curve ranging from 0.76 to 0.90, p < 0.05). The dysbiosis index of subgingival biofilm was positively correlated with saliva consistently (p < 0.001) and with the tongue at the genus level (p = 0.036).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>While the impact on the tongue microbiome requires further investigation, periodontitis-associated dysbiosis affects the salivary microbiome and is quantifiable using the dysbiosis index. The diagnostic potential of salivary microbial dysbiosis as a convenient periodontal biomarker for assessing periodontal status has potential public health and clinical applications.</p><p><strong>Plain language summary: </strong>Periodontitis, a severe inflammation of the gums which causes bone loss, is a disease caused by an imbalance of good and bad bacteria under the gums. However, it is unclear how this bacterial imbalance in the gums affects the bacterial balance of other distinct parts of the mouth, such as the saliva and tongue. This study uses bacteria datasets of four previously published studies, contributing a total of 328 bacterial samples. The data were processed using a uniform data analysis workflow, and a bacterial score, the subgingival microbial dysbiosis index (SMDI), previously shown to capture periodontitis-associated bacteria imbalance, was calculated separately for samples from under the gums, the saliva, and the tongue. The SMDI was able to distinguish between health and periodontitis within each oral location, and in general, the scores were higher for periodontitis samples
背景:牙周炎主要是由龈下生物膜菌群失调引起的。然而,牙周菌群失调的量化及其对其他口腔微生物壁龛的影响仍不清楚。本研究试图通过将临床相关的菌群失调指数应用于综合数据分析,量化牙周炎导致的舌头和唾液微生物组的菌群失调变化:方法:对美国国家生物技术信息中心(NCBI)数据库进行检索,以确定已发表的有关健康和牙周炎受试者唾液和舌头微生物组研究的生物项目。原始序列数据集采用标准化的生物信息学管道进行处理,并按其生态位和牙周状况进行分类。龈下微生物菌群失调指数(SMDI)是一种最初利用龈下微生物组开发的菌群失调指数,按种和属水平计算,并为每个生态位定制。利用接收器操作特征曲线评估了该指数对牙周炎的诊断准确性:结果:共纳入了四项研究,提供了 328 份微生物组样本。在物种和菌属水平上,牙周炎样本的 SMDI 都较高,但只有龈下生物膜和唾液的差异显著(p 结论):虽然对舌头微生物组的影响还需要进一步研究,但牙周炎相关的菌群失调会影响唾液微生物组,并可通过菌群失调指数进行量化。唾液微生物菌群失调作为一种评估牙周状况的方便的牙周生物标志物,具有潜在的公共卫生和临床应用诊断潜力。白话摘要:牙周炎是一种严重的牙龈炎症,会导致骨质流失,是一种由牙龈下好坏细菌失衡引起的疾病。然而,目前还不清楚牙龈中的这种细菌失衡如何影响口腔其他不同部位(如唾液和舌头)的细菌平衡。本研究使用了之前发表的四项研究的细菌数据集,共采集了 328 个细菌样本。使用统一的数据分析工作流程对数据进行了处理,并分别计算了牙龈下、唾液和舌头样本的细菌得分,即龈下微生物菌群失调指数(SMDI)。SMDI 能够区分每个口腔部位的健康和牙周炎,一般来说,牙周炎样本的得分更高,但这种差异仅在牙龈下和唾液中的细菌中显著。唾液得分也与牙龈下细菌一致相关。这项研究表明,与牙周炎相关的细菌失衡不仅存在于牙龈下的口腔部位,尤其是唾液中。因此,唾液细菌可用作评估牙龈疾病的便捷生物标志物,具有潜在的公共卫生和临床应用价值。
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引用次数: 0
In vivo experimental study comparing alveolar ridge preservation versus guided bone regeneration after unassisted socket healing at intact and damaged sites in narrow alveolar ridges. 在窄牙槽脊的完整和受损部位进行无辅助牙槽龛愈合后,比较牙槽脊保留与引导骨再生的体内实验研究。
IF 4.2 2区 医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE Pub Date : 2024-07-15 DOI: 10.1002/JPER.24-0125
Hae Jee Shin, Jin-Young Park, Hsu Kuo Tien, Franz-Josef Strauss, Jae-Kook Cha, Jung-Seok Lee

Background: To compare bone regeneration and dimensional alteration of alveolar ridge at intact and damaged extraction sockets after alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) and implant placement versus unassisted socket healing followed by guided bone regeneration (GBR) with simultaneous implant placement.

Methods: In 6 beagle dogs, 3 types of extraction sockets in the mandible were created: (1) intact sockets, (2) 1-wall defect sockets and (3) 2-wall defect sockets. The sockets were allocated to undergo either (1) ARP and implant placement 8 weeks later (ARP group) or (2) GBR with simultaneous implant placement after 8 weeks of unassisted socket healing (GBR group). After an additional healing period of 8 weeks, bone regeneration and dimensional changes were evaluated radiographically and histologically.

Results: GBR showed superior bone formation and greater bone gains compared to ARP, regardless of the initial extraction-socket configuration. Although ARP maintained the preexisting alveolar ridge dimensions, peri-implant bone defects were still detected at 8 weeks of follow-up. Histomorphometric analyses confirmed that GBR increased dimensions of the alveolar ridge compared to baseline, and the augmentation and bone regeneration were greater with GBR than with ARP.

Conclusion: Early implant placement with ARP can mitigate alveolar ridge changes in the narrow alveolar ridge. However, early implant placement with simultaneous GBR creates the conditions for enhanced bone regeneration around the implant and greater ridge augmentation compared to ARP, irrespective of the extraction-socket configuration.

背景:目的:比较牙槽嵴保留(ARP)和种植体植入后,完整拔牙窝和受损拔牙窝的骨再生和牙槽嵴的尺寸变化,以及无辅助拔牙窝愈合后引导骨再生(GBR)并同时植入种植体的情况:在 6 只小猎犬的下颌骨中创建了 3 种类型的拔牙套槽:(1) 完整套槽;(2) 1 壁缺损套槽;(3) 2 壁缺损套槽。这些基台被分配为:(1) ARP,8 周后植入种植体(ARP 组);(2) GBR,8 周无辅助基台愈合后同时植入种植体(GBR 组)。再经过 8 周的愈合期后,对骨再生和尺寸变化进行影像学和组织学评估:结果:与 ARP 相比,GBR 显示出更优越的骨形成和更大的骨增量,与最初的拔牙窝结构无关。虽然ARP保持了原有的牙槽嵴尺寸,但在8周的随访中仍发现种植体周围有骨缺损。组织形态计量学分析证实,与基线相比,GBR增加了牙槽嵴的尺寸,而且GBR的增量和骨再生效果比ARP更好:结论:在牙槽嵴狭窄的情况下,早期植入种植体并同时植入 ARP 可以缓解牙槽嵴的变化。然而,与 ARP 相比,早期种植体植入同时进行 GBR 可为增强种植体周围的骨再生和牙槽嵴增生创造条件,而与拔牙窝的结构无关。
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引用次数: 0
Peri-implantitis induction and resolution around zirconia versus titanium implants. 氧化锆与钛种植体周围的种植体周围炎诱导与缓解。
IF 4.2 2区 医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE Pub Date : 2024-07-14 DOI: 10.1002/JPER.23-0573
Kaleb C Esplin, Yi-Wen Tsai, Kathryn Vela, Anibal Diogenes, Lea El Hachem, Archontia Palaiologou, David L Cochran, Georgios A Kotsakis

Background: This study compared titanium and zirconia implant ligature-induced peri-implant defect progression and response to regenerative surgical intervention.

Methods: Eight tissue-level endosseous implants were placed in 6 mixed-breed foxhounds, with 2 zirconia and 2 titanium alternating in each hemimandible. Cotton ligatures were placed subgingivally for 16 weeks followed by 8 weeks of spontaneous progression. Standardized radiographs were captured every 2 weeks to evaluate the rate of bone loss. Regenerative surgery was performed utilizing water-jet decontamination, enamel matrix derivative, and locally harvested autogenous bone. After 16 weeks of healing, final radiographic bone levels as well as probing depths, recession, and clinical attachment levels were assessed.

Results: All 48 implants integrated successfully. The final average post-ligature radiographic defects were 2.88 and 3.05 mm for titanium and zirconia implants, respectively. There was no significant difference between materials in the rate of radiographic bone loss (p = 0.09). Following regenerative surgery, the total average amount of radiographic bone gain was 1.41 and 1.20 mm for titanium and zirconia, respectively. The percentage of defect fill was 51.56% and 37.98% (p = 0.03) for titanium and zirconia, respectively. Inter-group differences were minimal for clinical parameters at the time of sacrifice including periodontal pocket depths (p = 0.81), recession (p = 0.98), or clinical attachment levels (p = 0.51).

Conclusions: No significant difference was found in the rate of peri-implant defect development between titanium and zirconia implants. Both materials gained significant radiographic bone following regenerative surgery with significantly greater defect percentage fill in titanium implants. The final clinical parameters were similar in both groups.

背景:本研究比较了钛和氧化锆种植体结扎引起的种植体周围缺损进展和对再生手术干预的反应:本研究比较了钛和氧化锆种植体结扎引起的种植体周围缺损进展以及对再生手术干预的反应:方法:在 6 只混种猎狐犬中植入 8 个组织水平的骨内种植体,每个半颌交替植入 2 个氧化锆和 2 个钛种植体。在龈下放置棉花结扎带 16 周,然后自发进行 8 周。每 2 周拍摄一次标准化 X 光片,以评估骨质流失率。利用喷水去污、釉质基质衍生物和当地采集的自体骨进行再生手术。愈合16周后,对最终的放射骨水平、探查深度、后退和临床附着水平进行评估:结果:所有 48 个种植体均成功整合。钛和氧化锆种植体最终的平均结扎后影像学缺损分别为 2.88 毫米和 3.05 毫米。不同材料的骨质流失率无明显差异(P = 0.09)。再生手术后,钛和氧化锆材料的放射骨增量总平均值分别为 1.41 毫米和 1.20 毫米。钛和氧化锆的缺损填充率分别为 51.56% 和 37.98%(p = 0.03)。牺牲时的临床参数,包括牙周袋深度(p = 0.81)、牙周退缩(p = 0.98)或临床附着水平(p = 0.51),组间差异极小:结论:钛和氧化锆种植体在种植体周围缺损发展率方面没有明显差异。两种材料在再生手术后都获得了明显的放射性骨量,但钛种植体的缺损填充率明显更高。两组的最终临床参数相似。
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引用次数: 0
Subgingival microbial profiles in pre- and postmenopausal women: Associations with serum estradiol levels. 绝经前后妇女的龈下微生物概况:与血清雌二醇水平的关系。
IF 4.2 2区 医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE Pub Date : 2024-07-14 DOI: 10.1002/JPER.24-0267
Nil Yakar, Busra Yilmaz, Gulnur Emingil, Tsute Chen, Guven Ozdemir, Alpdogan Kantarci

Background: Subgingival dental plaque is an ecosystem playing a key role in supporting both oral health and systemic health. Menopause-related changes have the potential to disrupt its balance, which is crucial to postmenopausal well-being. Our study explored how circulating estradiol levels correlate with subgingival microbial composition using checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization in premenopausal and postmenopausal women. We also demonstrated that combining this method with 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) sequencing insights remains valuable for examining subgingival ecology.

Methods: We assessed 40 bacterial species in 77 premenopausal and 81 postmenopausal women using checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization and measured serum estradiol with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Women were categorized by subgingival dysbiosis severity using a modified Subgingival Microbial Dysbiosis Index (mSMDI). Six women from each normobiotic and dysbiotic subgroup across premenopausal and postmenopausal women underwent 16S rRNA sequencing analysis.

Results: DNA checkerboard analysis revealed that most observed variability in individual bacterial proportions is associated with periodontitis. Two species, Leptotrichia buccalis and Streptococcus constellatus, exhibited differences related to estradiol levels within the premenopausal group (p = 0.055 and p = 0.009, respectively). 16S rRNA sequencing confirmed the mSMDI's validity in categorizing normobiotic and dysbiotic states. Menopausal status was not associated with a dysbiotic shift in the subgingival microbiome despite significantly more attachment loss in postmenopausal compared to premenopausal women.

Conclusions: Our results indicate that decreased estradiol levels or increased attachment loss during menopause are not associated with changes in species abundance or dysbiotic shifts in women. The mSMDI may be a useful tool for classifying subgingival ecology based on its normobiotic or dysbiotic inclination.

背景:龈下牙菌斑是一个生态系统,在支持口腔健康和全身健康方面发挥着关键作用。与更年期有关的变化有可能破坏其平衡,而这对绝经后的健康至关重要。我们的研究利用棋盘式 DNA-DNA 杂交技术探讨了绝经前和绝经后妇女体内循环雌二醇水平与龈下微生物组成的相关性。我们还证明,将该方法与 16S 核糖体 RNA(rRNA)测序相结合,对研究龈下生态仍有价值:方法:我们使用棋盘式 DNA-DNA 杂交法评估了 77 名绝经前妇女和 81 名绝经后妇女的 40 种细菌,并使用酶联免疫吸附测定法(ELISA)测量了血清雌二醇。使用改良的龈下微生物菌群失调指数 (mSMDI) 根据龈下微生物菌群失调的严重程度对妇女进行分类。在绝经前和绝经后妇女中,每个正常菌群和菌群失调亚组各有六名妇女接受了 16S rRNA 测序分析:结果:DNA棋盘分析表明,观察到的细菌个体比例变化大多与牙周炎有关。在绝经前组别中,有两种细菌,即口腔钩端螺旋体和星座链球菌,表现出与雌二醇水平相关的差异(分别为 p = 0.055 和 p = 0.009)。16S rRNA 测序证实了 mSMDI 在划分正常生物状态和生物失调状态方面的有效性。绝经状态与龈下微生物群中的菌群失调无关,尽管与绝经前相比,绝经后妇女的附着物脱落明显增多:我们的研究结果表明,绝经期间雌二醇水平的降低或附着物脱落的增加与女性物种丰度的变化或菌群失调无关。mSMDI 可能是一种有用的工具,可根据正常生物或菌群失调倾向对龈下生态进行分类。
{"title":"Subgingival microbial profiles in pre- and postmenopausal women: Associations with serum estradiol levels.","authors":"Nil Yakar, Busra Yilmaz, Gulnur Emingil, Tsute Chen, Guven Ozdemir, Alpdogan Kantarci","doi":"10.1002/JPER.24-0267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/JPER.24-0267","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Subgingival dental plaque is an ecosystem playing a key role in supporting both oral health and systemic health. Menopause-related changes have the potential to disrupt its balance, which is crucial to postmenopausal well-being. Our study explored how circulating estradiol levels correlate with subgingival microbial composition using checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization in premenopausal and postmenopausal women. We also demonstrated that combining this method with 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) sequencing insights remains valuable for examining subgingival ecology.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We assessed 40 bacterial species in 77 premenopausal and 81 postmenopausal women using checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization and measured serum estradiol with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Women were categorized by subgingival dysbiosis severity using a modified Subgingival Microbial Dysbiosis Index (mSMDI). Six women from each normobiotic and dysbiotic subgroup across premenopausal and postmenopausal women underwent 16S rRNA sequencing analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>DNA checkerboard analysis revealed that most observed variability in individual bacterial proportions is associated with periodontitis. Two species, Leptotrichia buccalis and Streptococcus constellatus, exhibited differences related to estradiol levels within the premenopausal group (p = 0.055 and p = 0.009, respectively). 16S rRNA sequencing confirmed the mSMDI's validity in categorizing normobiotic and dysbiotic states. Menopausal status was not associated with a dysbiotic shift in the subgingival microbiome despite significantly more attachment loss in postmenopausal compared to premenopausal women.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results indicate that decreased estradiol levels or increased attachment loss during menopause are not associated with changes in species abundance or dysbiotic shifts in women. The mSMDI may be a useful tool for classifying subgingival ecology based on its normobiotic or dysbiotic inclination.</p>","PeriodicalId":16716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of periodontology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141603748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Excessive weight in pregnant women increases the chance of diagnosing periodontitis combined with tooth loss. 孕妇体重过重会增加诊断牙周炎合并牙齿脱落的几率。
IF 4.2 2区 医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE Pub Date : 2024-07-10 DOI: 10.1002/JPER.23-0745
Josicélia Estrela Tuy Batista, Ana Claudia Morais Godoy Figueiredo, Elivan Silva Souza, Amanda Oliveira Lyrio, Johelle Santana Passos-Soares, Soraya Castro Trindade, Claudia Maria Coêlho Alves, Maria Isabel Pereira Vianna, Julita Maria Freitas Coelho, Sarah Dos Santos Conceição, Eneida de Moraes Marcílio Cerqueira, Alexandre Marcelo Hintz, Gregory John Seymour, Frank Andrew Scannapieco, Peter Michael Loomer, Isaac Suzart Gomes-Filho, Simone Seixas da Cruz

Background: Excess weight (EW), especially in women of childbearing age, those who are pregnant, as well as postpartum, is a problem worldwide. Fat accumulation deregulates the inflammatory response, contributing to the development of health problems, such as periodontitis. This study investigated the association between EW and periodontitis during pregnancy.

Methods: A cross-sectional, multicenter study involved 1745 postpartum women in Brazil. Socioeconomic-demographic data, gestational history, lifestyle behavior, and general and oral health conditions were obtained. Pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) was collected from medical records with EW being the exposure. Both tooth loss and clinical attachment level (CAL) were evaluated, and the presence of periodontitis was the outcome. Logistic regression, odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI), and quantile regression, beta coefficient and 95% CI, estimated the association between EW (BMI) and periodontitis and its combined effect with tooth loss ≥3, as dichotomous and continuous variables (CAL and tooth loss), with 5% significance level.

Results: The EW was 27.7% prevalent and periodontitis was 11.7%. There was a positive association between EW and periodontitis: ORadjusted:1.39; 95% CI:1.01;1.92 and between EW and periodontitis combined with tooth loss ≥3: ORadjusted:1.73; 95% CI:1.36;2.20. The adjusted association between EW and periodontitis as continuous variables was also positive, showing that for each unit of increased BMI, there was an elevation in the mean CAL (p = 0.04) and tooth loss (p < 0.01), with statistical significance.

Conclusions: There was a moderate association between EW and periodontitis during pregnancy, with an even greater association of pregnant women with EW presenting periodontitis combined with tooth loss.

背景:体重超标(EW),尤其是育龄妇女、孕妇和产后妇女的体重超标,是一个全球性问题。脂肪堆积会降低炎症反应,导致牙周炎等健康问题的发生。本研究调查了孕期 EW 与牙周炎之间的关系:这项横断面多中心研究涉及巴西的 1745 名产后妇女。获得了社会经济-人口学数据、妊娠史、生活方式、一般健康状况和口腔健康状况。从医疗记录中收集了孕前体重指数(BMI),并将 EW 作为暴露指标。对牙齿脱落和临床附着水平(CAL)进行评估,并以是否存在牙周炎作为结果。通过逻辑回归、几率比(OR)和 95% 置信区间(95% CI),以及量回归、贝塔系数和 95% CI,估算了 EW(BMI)与牙周炎之间的关系,以及其与牙齿脱落≥3(二分变量和连续变量(CAL 和牙齿脱落))之间的综合影响,显著性水平为 5%:结果:EW患病率为27.7%,牙周炎患病率为11.7%。EW与牙周炎呈正相关:EW与牙周炎之间存在正相关:OR调整值为1.39;95% CI:1.01;1.92;EW与牙周炎合并牙齿缺失≥3之间存在正相关:OR调整值为1.73;95% CI:1.36;2.20。作为连续变量,EW 与牙周炎之间的调整关联也是正相关的,表明体重指数每增加一个单位,平均 CAL(P = 0.04)和牙齿脱落(P 结论:EW 与牙周炎之间的关系是中度相关的:妊娠期 EW 与牙周炎之间存在中度关联,EW 孕妇合并牙周炎和牙齿脱落的关联更大。
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引用次数: 0
Association between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease scores and chronic periodontitis: A retrospective cohort study. 非酒精性脂肪肝评分与慢性牙周炎之间的关系:回顾性队列研究
IF 4.2 2区 医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE Pub Date : 2024-07-07 DOI: 10.1002/JPER.24-0171
Kwangmin Joo, Yeo Wool Kang, Sang Yi Moon, Yang Hyun Baek, Minkook Son

Background: Although several studies have demonstrated a bidirectional relationship between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and chronic periodontitis, few studies have reported that NAFLD causes chronic periodontitis, especially in the Asian population.

Methods: This study was conducted on 129,087 individuals, and the NAFLD score was assessed using the Fatty Liver Index (FLI), Hepatic Steatosis Index (HSI), and Framingham Steatosis Index (FSI). The incidence of chronic periodontitis was defined as a diagnostic code with dental procedures. Multi-variable adjusted Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was performed with hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results: Nine thousand one hundred and twenty-eight chronic periodontitis cases (7.1%) were identified during a mean 7.4 years follow-up period. Each NAFLD score was related to chronic periodontitis. In the FLI score, HR and 95% CIs for the incidence of chronic periodontitis compared with a low FLI group were as follows: indeterminate FLI: 1.19 (1.12-1.26), high FLI: 1.32 (1.18-1.47). In the HSI and FSI scores, HR and 95% CIs for the incidence of chronic periodontitis were 1.13 (1.05-1.22) and 1.23 (1.05-1.31), respectively.

Conclusions: All NAFLD scores were associated with chronic periodontitis in the Korean population. As chronic periodontitis can aggravate the liver status, patients with NAFLD may need regular dental visits.

背景:尽管多项研究表明非酒精性脂肪肝与慢性牙周炎之间存在双向关系,但很少有研究报告称非酒精性脂肪肝会导致慢性牙周炎,尤其是在亚洲人群中:本研究以 129,087 人为对象,使用脂肪肝指数(FLI)、肝脏脂肪变性指数(HSI)和弗雷明汉脂肪变性指数(FSI)评估非酒精性脂肪肝得分。慢性牙周炎的发病率被定义为牙科手术的诊断代码。进行了多变量调整后的考克斯比例危险回归分析,并得出了危险比(HR)和 95% 的置信区间(CIs):结果:在平均 7.4 年的随访期间,共发现 9128 例慢性牙周炎病例(7.1%)。非酒精性脂肪肝的各项评分均与慢性牙周炎有关。在FLI评分中,与低FLI组相比,慢性牙周炎发病率的HR和95% CI如下:不确定FLI:1.19(1.12-1.26),高FLI:1.32(1.18-1.47)。在HSI和FSI评分中,慢性牙周炎发病率的HR和95% CI分别为1.13(1.05-1.22)和1.23(1.05-1.31):结论:在韩国人群中,所有非酒精性脂肪肝评分均与慢性牙周炎有关。由于慢性牙周炎会加重肝脏状况,非酒精性脂肪肝患者可能需要定期看牙医。
{"title":"Association between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease scores and chronic periodontitis: A retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Kwangmin Joo, Yeo Wool Kang, Sang Yi Moon, Yang Hyun Baek, Minkook Son","doi":"10.1002/JPER.24-0171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/JPER.24-0171","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although several studies have demonstrated a bidirectional relationship between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and chronic periodontitis, few studies have reported that NAFLD causes chronic periodontitis, especially in the Asian population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study was conducted on 129,087 individuals, and the NAFLD score was assessed using the Fatty Liver Index (FLI), Hepatic Steatosis Index (HSI), and Framingham Steatosis Index (FSI). The incidence of chronic periodontitis was defined as a diagnostic code with dental procedures. Multi-variable adjusted Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was performed with hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nine thousand one hundred and twenty-eight chronic periodontitis cases (7.1%) were identified during a mean 7.4 years follow-up period. Each NAFLD score was related to chronic periodontitis. In the FLI score, HR and 95% CIs for the incidence of chronic periodontitis compared with a low FLI group were as follows: indeterminate FLI: 1.19 (1.12-1.26), high FLI: 1.32 (1.18-1.47). In the HSI and FSI scores, HR and 95% CIs for the incidence of chronic periodontitis were 1.13 (1.05-1.22) and 1.23 (1.05-1.31), respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>All NAFLD scores were associated with chronic periodontitis in the Korean population. As chronic periodontitis can aggravate the liver status, patients with NAFLD may need regular dental visits.</p>","PeriodicalId":16716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of periodontology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141544957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Beyond transcription, aryl hydrocarbon receptor plays a protective role in periodontitis by interacting with CaMKII. 除转录外,芳基烃受体还通过与 CaMKII 相互作用,在牙周炎中发挥保护作用。
IF 4.2 2区 医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE Pub Date : 2024-07-05 DOI: 10.1002/JPER.24-0021
Xuwen Zeng, Meiting Feng, Jiawei Lu, Ruiling Wang, Li Deng, Yanan Yang, Lijun Luo

Background: The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) has been studied as an intracellular pattern recognition receptor that can identify bacterial pigments. To identify a potential therapeutic target for periodontitis, we investigated the expression of AhR in periodontitis and its role in the pathogenesis of periodontitis.

Methods: First, we analyzed AhR expression in a single-cell dataset from human periodontal tissue. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), immunofluorescence, and immunohistochemistry were used to verify the AhR level. Later, we determined the phenotypes of ligature-induced periodontitis in myeloid-specific AhR-deficient mice (Lyz2-Cre+/- AhRfx/fx), after which RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), qPCR, Western blot, immunofluorescence, and immunohistochemistry were used to investigate the impacts of AhR on periodontitis and its mechanism. Finally, we determined the therapeutic effect of AhR agonist 6-Formylindolo[3,2-b]carbazole (FICZ) administration on murine periodontitis and verified the effects of FICZ on macrophage polarization in vitro.

Results: AhR expression was enhanced in macrophages from periodontitis patients. Deletion of AhR from macrophages aggravated ligature-induced periodontitis and promoted the inflammatory response. Calcium/calmodulin-stimulated protein kinase II (CaMKII) phosphorylation was accelerated in AhR-deficient macrophages. Inhibiting CaMKII phosphorylation ameliorated periodontitis in Lyz2-Cre+/- AhRfx/fx mice. FICZ treatment blocked alveolar bone loss and relieved periodontal inflammation. FICZ diminished M1 macrophage polarization and promoted M2 macrophage polarization upon M1 macrophage induction.

Conclusion: AhR played a protective role in the pathogenesis of periodontitis by orchestrating macrophage polarization via interacting with the CaMKII signaling pathway.

背景:芳基烃受体(AhR)是一种细胞内模式识别受体,可以识别细菌色素。为了确定牙周炎的潜在治疗靶点,我们研究了 AhR 在牙周炎中的表达及其在牙周炎发病机制中的作用:首先,我们分析了人类牙周组织单细胞数据集中 AhR 的表达。定量聚合酶链反应(qPCR)、免疫荧光和免疫组化被用来验证 AhR 水平。随后,我们确定了髓细胞特异性 AhR 缺失小鼠(Lyz2-Cre+/- AhRfx/fx)结扎诱导牙周炎的表型,并利用 RNA 测序(RNA-seq)、qPCR、Western 印迹、免疫荧光和免疫组化等方法研究了 AhR 对牙周炎的影响及其机制。最后,我们确定了 AhR 激动剂 6-甲酰基吲哚并[3,2-b]咔唑(FICZ)对小鼠牙周炎的治疗效果,并在体外验证了 FICZ 对巨噬细胞极化的影响:结果:牙周炎患者的巨噬细胞中AhR表达增强。结果:牙周炎患者的巨噬细胞中 AhR 表达增强,巨噬细胞中 AhR 的缺失会加重结扎诱导的牙周炎并促进炎症反应。在 AhR 缺失的巨噬细胞中,钙/钙调蛋白激酶 II(CaMKII)磷酸化加速。抑制 CaMKII 磷酸化可改善 Lyz2-Cre+/- AhRfx/fx 小鼠的牙周炎。FICZ治疗可阻止牙槽骨流失并缓解牙周炎症。FICZ可减少M1巨噬细胞的极化,并在诱导M1巨噬细胞时促进M2巨噬细胞的极化:结论:AhR通过与CaMKII信号通路相互作用,协调巨噬细胞极化,从而在牙周炎的发病机制中发挥保护作用。
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引用次数: 0
Gingipain and oncostatin M synergistically disrupt kidney tight junctions in periodontitis-associated acute kidney injury 在牙周炎相关急性肾损伤中,Gingipain 和 oncostatin M 能协同破坏肾脏紧密连接。
IF 4.2 2区 医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE Pub Date : 2024-07-04 DOI: 10.1002/JPER.24-0007
Wei Wei, Jing Sun, Zhaoxin Ji, Jiangqi Hu, Qingsong Jiang

Background

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is characterized by rapid renal decline. Periodontitis, a chronic oral inflammatory disease, is increasingly associated with renal dysfunction. Although periodontitis is recognized as a contributor to kidney damage, the mechanisms linking it to AKI remain unclear.

Methods

This study explored the effects of Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) W83-infected periodontitis on AKI in C57BL/6J mice, using ischemia-reperfusion injury 55 days post-infection. Gingipain inhibitors, KYT-1 and KYT-36, were applied. Detection of P. gingivalis was performed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and PCR, while transcriptome sequencing, qRT-PCR, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence staining assessed renal damage. In vitro, HK-2 cells were exposed to P. gingivalis at a multiplicity of infection of 10 for 48 h, with inhibition by gingipain or oncostatin M (OSM). Disruption of tight junctions (TJs) was quantified using qRT-PCR, transepithelial electrical resistance, and cell counting kit-8 assays.

Results

Periodontitis worsened AKI, linked to P. gingivalis infection and renal TJ disruption in the kidney. P. gingivalis infection activated OSM expression, which correlated positively with gingipain. Significantly, OSM and gingipain might collaboratively contribute to the damage of renal TJs, with the reduced expression of TJ proteins. Suppressing gingipain activity presented itself as a protective strategy against the destruction of TJs and the attendant worsening of AKI due to periodontitis.

Conclusions

Our study enhances the understanding of the interplay between periodontitis and AKI, highlighting the harmful impact of P. gingivalis in AKI.

背景:急性肾损伤(AKI)的特点是肾功能急剧下降。牙周炎是一种慢性口腔炎症性疾病,越来越多地与肾功能障碍相关。尽管牙周炎被认为是造成肾损伤的一个因素,但它与急性肾损伤的关联机制仍不清楚:本研究探讨了牙龈卟啉单胞菌(P. gingivalis)W83感染的牙周炎对C57BL/6J小鼠AKI的影响。应用牙龈蛋白酶抑制剂 KYT-1 和 KYT-36。使用定量实时聚合酶链式反应(qRT-PCR)和 PCR 检测牙龈脓疱病,同时使用转录组测序、qRT-PCR、免疫组织化学和免疫荧光染色评估肾损伤。在体外,HK-2细胞以10的感染倍数暴露于牙龈脓疱疮菌48小时,并受到gingipain或oncostatin M(OSM)的抑制。使用 qRT-PCR、跨上皮电阻和细胞计数试剂盒-8 检测法量化紧密连接(TJ)的破坏情况:结果:牙周炎加重了 AKI,这与牙龈脓胞感染和肾脏 TJ 破坏有关。牙龈脓疱疮感染激活了 OSM 的表达,而 OSM 的表达与 gingipain 呈正相关。值得注意的是,OSM和gingipain可能会共同导致肾脏TJ受损,同时降低TJ蛋白的表达。抑制gingipain的活性可作为一种保护性策略,防止TJ被破坏以及随之而来的牙周炎导致的AKI恶化:我们的研究加深了人们对牙周炎与 AKI 之间相互作用的理解,突出了牙龈脓疱病在 AKI 中的有害影响。
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引用次数: 0
How well do antimicrobial mouth rinses prevent dysbiosis in an in vitro periodontitis biofilm model? 抗菌漱口水在体外牙周炎生物膜模型中预防菌群失调的效果如何?
IF 4.2 2区 医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE Pub Date : 2024-06-30 DOI: 10.1002/JPER.23-0674
Naiera Zayed, Rik Vertommen, Kenneth Simoens, Kristel Bernaerts, Nico Boon, Mrinal Gaurav Srivastava, Annabel Braem, Wannes Van Holm, Ana B. Castro, Wim Teughels

Background

Periodontal diseases are associated with dysbiosis in the oral microbial communities. Managing oral biofilms is therefore key for preventing these diseases. Management protocols often include over-the-counter antimicrobial mouth rinses, which lack data on their effects on the oral microbiome's ecology, bacterial composition, metabolic activity, and dysbiosis resilience. This study examined the efficacy of antimicrobial mouth rinses to halt dysbiosis in in vitro oral biofilms under periodontitis-simulating conditions.

Methods

Multispecies oral biofilms were grown on hydroxyapatite discs (HADs) and rinsed daily with one of six mouth rinses. Positive and negative controls were included. After three rinses, biofilms were analyzed with viability quantitative polymerase chain reaction and visualized using scanning electron microscopy. Supernatants of rinsed biofilms were used for metabolic activity analysis. In addition, human oral keratinocytes were exposed to rinsed biofilms to assess their inflammatory response. All outputs were analyzed for correlation using Spearman coefficient.

Results

Product-related changes were observed in the rinsed biofilms. Three of the six tested mouth rinses could significantly prevent dysbiosis with ≥30% reduction in pathobiont abundance relative to the control. These biofilms had lower metabolic activity, and the exposed human oral keratinocyte produced less interleukin-8. Interleukin-8 production correlated to both pathobiont quantity and the metabolic activity of the biofilms.

Conclusion

Some mouth rinses could support biofilm resilience and stop dysbiosis evolution in the biofilm model, with a clear product-related effect. Such mouth rinses can be considered for patients under maintenance/supportive periodontal therapy to prevent/delay disease recurrence. Others are more useful for different periodontal therapy stages.

背景:牙周疾病与口腔微生物群落的菌群失调有关。因此,管理口腔生物膜是预防这些疾病的关键。管理方案通常包括非处方抗菌漱口水,但缺乏有关这些漱口水对口腔微生物群生态、细菌组成、代谢活动和菌群失调恢复能力的影响的数据。本研究考察了抗菌漱口水在模拟牙周炎的体外口腔生物膜中阻止菌群失调的功效:多菌种口腔生物膜生长在羟基磷灰石盘(HAD)上,每天用六种漱口水中的一种漱口。其中包括阳性对照组和阴性对照组。漱口三次后,用活力定量聚合酶链反应分析生物膜,并用扫描电子显微镜观察。冲洗后的生物膜上清液用于代谢活性分析。此外,还将人类口腔角质细胞暴露于冲洗过的生物膜,以评估其炎症反应。所有结果均使用斯皮尔曼系数进行相关性分析:结果:在冲洗过的生物膜中观察到了与产品相关的变化。在六种测试的漱口水中,有三种能显著预防菌群失调,与对照组相比,病原体丰度降低了≥30%。这些生物膜的代谢活性较低,暴露的人类口腔角质细胞产生的白细胞介素-8较少。白细胞介素-8的产生与病原菌的数量和生物膜的代谢活性有关:结论:一些漱口水可以支持生物膜的恢复能力,并阻止生物膜模型中菌群失调的演变,其效果明显与产品有关。接受维护性/支持性牙周治疗的患者可以考虑使用这类漱口水,以预防/延缓疾病复发。其他漱口水则更适用于不同的牙周治疗阶段。
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引用次数: 0
Laser and scanning electron microscopy evaluation of residual microislands of calculus 用激光和扫描电子显微镜评估牙结石残留微区
IF 4.3 2区 医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE Pub Date : 2024-06-28 DOI: 10.1002/jper.24-0191
Stephen K. Harrel, Charles M. Cobb, Martha E. Nunn, Donggao Zhao
BackgroundRecent studies suggest a role for microscopic crystalline particles of residual dental calculus in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. The purpose of this ex vivo study was to compare the effectiveness of scaling and root planing (SRP) alone versus SRP combined with 24% ethylenediamine‐tetra acetic acid (EDTA) gel in removing calculus from extracted teeth and to determine the optimal length of time for application of the EDTA.MethodsSpecimens consisted of 32 extracted teeth with heavy root calculus. A 4‐mm diameter site was prepared on the root surface of each tooth which then underwent SRP. EDTA was applied to four timed groups: 30 s; 60 s; 120 s; and 180 s. Photomicrographs were taken at 40× magnification using white light (WL) and laser fluorescence (LF). Photomicrographs were analyzed using ImageJ. Specimens were also evaluated with scanning electron microscopy (SEM).ResultsThe mean area of residual calculus after SRP was 45%–53% (45.6% ± 19.6% WL, 53.8% ± 19.7% LF). Burnishing with EDTA for one minute following SRP reduced calculus to only 14%–18% (13.9% ± 12.5% LF, 18.2% ± 11.1% WL). Use of EDTA for greater than 1 min showed no further calculus removal. SEM revealed the surface of remaining calculus was altered by burnishing with EDTA.ConclusionSRP alone or SRP + 24% EDTA gel failed to remove all calculus. SRP alone removed >60% of calculus from root surfaces. Adjunctive use of 24% EDTA gel burnished on the root surface removed most of the calculus residual after SRP. Calculus remaining after EDTA burnishing exhibited a significantly altered morphologic appearance.
背景最近的研究表明,残留牙结石的微小结晶颗粒在牙周炎的发病机制中扮演着重要角色。这项体内外研究的目的是比较单纯洗牙和根面平整(SRP)与结合 24% 乙二胺四乙酸(EDTA)凝胶的 SRP 在去除拔牙结石方面的效果,并确定使用 EDTA 的最佳时间长度。在每颗牙齿的根部表面制备一个直径为 4 毫米的部位,然后进行 SRP。使用白光(WL)和激光荧光(LF)以 40 倍放大率拍摄显微照片。显微照片使用 ImageJ 进行分析。结果SRP后残留结石的平均面积为45%-53%(45.6% ± 19.6% WL,53.8% ± 19.7% LF)。SRP 后用 EDTA 烧灼一分钟,结石仅减少了 14%-18%(13.9% ± 12.5% LF,18.2% ± 11.1% WL)。使用 EDTA 超过 1 分钟后,牙结石没有进一步去除。扫描电子显微镜显示,剩余结石的表面因使用 EDTA 烧灼而发生了改变。单独使用 SRP 清除了牙根表面 60% 的牙结石。辅助使用 24% EDTA 凝胶烧灼牙根表面,可去除 SRP 后残留的大部分牙结石。EDTA 烧灼后残留的牙结石在形态上有明显的改变。
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of periodontology
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