Yung-Ting Hsu, Ana M. Chang, Diane Daubert, Frank Roberts, Dandan Chen, Harsh M. Trivedi, Juliana Gomez, Rich P. Darveau
Background
The aim of this study is to evaluate the immune regulation and tissue remodeling responses during experimental gingivitis (EG) and naturally occurring gingivitis (NG) to provide a comprehensive analysis of host responses. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) was obtained from 2 human studies conducted in university settings.
Methods
The EG study enrolling 26 volunteers provided controls for the baseline (Day 0) from healthy disease-free participants, while Day 21 (the end of EG induction of the same group) was used to represent EG. Twenty-six NG participants age-matched with those of the EG group were recruited. GCF samples were analyzed for 39 mediators of inflammatory/immune responses and tissue remodeling using commercially available bead-based multiplex immunoassays. The differences in GI and mediator expression among groups were determined at a 95% confidence level (p ≤ 0.05) by a 2-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with a post-hoc Tukey's test.
Results
Our findings showed that EG had a greater gingival index than NG and was healthy (p < 0.01 of all comparisons). Furthermore, EG showed significantly higher levels of MPO (p < 0.001), CCL3 (p < 0.05), and IL-1B (p < 0.001) than NG. In contrast, NG had increased levels of MIF (p < 0.05), Fractalkine (p < 0.001), angiogenin (p < 0.05), C3a (p < 0.001), BMP-2 (p < 0.001), OPN (p < 0.05), RANKL (p < 0.001), and MMP-13 (p < 0.001) than EG.
Conclusions
Consistent with the findings from chronic (NG) versus acute (EG) inflammatory lesions, these data reveal that NG displays greater immune regulation, angiogenesis, and bone remodeling compared to EG.
{"title":"Inflammation and tissue remodeling mediator expression during gingivitis: A comparison between experimental, naturally occurring gingivitis, and periodontal health","authors":"Yung-Ting Hsu, Ana M. Chang, Diane Daubert, Frank Roberts, Dandan Chen, Harsh M. Trivedi, Juliana Gomez, Rich P. Darveau","doi":"10.1002/JPER.23-0692","DOIUrl":"10.1002/JPER.23-0692","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The aim of this study is to evaluate the immune regulation and tissue remodeling responses during experimental gingivitis (EG) and naturally occurring gingivitis (NG) to provide a comprehensive analysis of host responses. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) was obtained from 2 human studies conducted in university settings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The EG study enrolling 26 volunteers provided controls for the baseline (Day 0) from healthy disease-free participants, while Day 21 (the end of EG induction of the same group) was used to represent EG. Twenty-six NG participants age-matched with those of the EG group were recruited. GCF samples were analyzed for 39 mediators of inflammatory/immune responses and tissue remodeling using commercially available bead-based multiplex immunoassays. The differences in GI and mediator expression among groups were determined at a 95% confidence level (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05) by a 2-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with a post-hoc Tukey's test.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our findings showed that EG had a greater gingival index than NG and was healthy (<i>p</i> < 0.01 of all comparisons). Furthermore, EG showed significantly higher levels of MPO (<i>p</i> < 0.001), CCL3 (<i>p</i> < 0.05), and IL-1B (<i>p</i> < 0.001) than NG. In contrast, NG had increased levels of MIF (<i>p</i> < 0.05), Fractalkine (<i>p</i> < 0.001), angiogenin (<i>p</i> < 0.05), C3a (<i>p</i> < 0.001), BMP-2 (<i>p</i> < 0.001), OPN (<i>p</i> < 0.05), RANKL (<i>p</i> < 0.001), and MMP-13 (<i>p</i> < 0.001) than EG.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Consistent with the findings from chronic (NG) versus acute (EG) inflammatory lesions, these data reveal that NG displays greater immune regulation, angiogenesis, and bone remodeling compared to EG.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of periodontology","volume":"95 12","pages":"1139-1149"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140845543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alice Blufstein, Natasa Pejcic, Kathrin Spettel, Bela Hausmann, David Seki, Tugba Ertekin, Julia Hinrichs-Priller, Sarra Altner, Marion Nehr, Katrin Bekes, Athanasios Makristathis, Oleh Andrukhov
Background
Gingivitis is the most common form of periodontal disease among children and adolescents and is associated with disrupted host–microbiome homeostasis. Family is an important factor influencing the prevalence of gingivitis. In the present study, we investigated the salivary microbiome, oral hygiene habits, and the salivary level of myeloid-related protein (MRP)-8/14 in children aged 7–12 years with gingivitis, periodontally healthy children, and their mothers.
Methods
This study included 24 children with gingivitis (including four sibling pairs) and 22 periodontally healthy children (including two sibling pairs) and their mothers. The whole saliva was collected, DNA was extracted, the variable V3–V4 region of the eubacterial 16S ribosomal RNA gene was amplified, and sample library preparation was performed according to the Illumina protocol. The salivary levels of MRP-8/14 were analyzed by ELISA.
Results
Alpha diversity of the salivary microbiome was considerably higher in gingivitis children and mothers of gingivitis children compared to healthy children and their mothers, respectively. Significant differences in beta diversity between healthy and gingivitis children, healthy children and their mothers, and gingivitis children and their mothers were detected. Overall, the number of common core amplicon sequence variants between children and their own mothers was significantly higher than between children and other mothers. The salivary MRP-8/14 levels in children with gingivitis were significantly higher compared to healthy children; a similar tendency was also mentioned for mothers.
Conclusion
Our study underlines the importance of family as an essential factor influencing oral health.
{"title":"Salivary microbiome and MRP-8/14 levels in children with gingivitis, healthy children, and their mothers","authors":"Alice Blufstein, Natasa Pejcic, Kathrin Spettel, Bela Hausmann, David Seki, Tugba Ertekin, Julia Hinrichs-Priller, Sarra Altner, Marion Nehr, Katrin Bekes, Athanasios Makristathis, Oleh Andrukhov","doi":"10.1002/JPER.23-0632","DOIUrl":"10.1002/JPER.23-0632","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Gingivitis is the most common form of periodontal disease among children and adolescents and is associated with disrupted host–microbiome homeostasis. Family is an important factor influencing the prevalence of gingivitis. In the present study, we investigated the salivary microbiome, oral hygiene habits, and the salivary level of myeloid-related protein (MRP)-8/14 in children aged 7–12 years with gingivitis, periodontally healthy children, and their mothers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study included 24 children with gingivitis (including four sibling pairs) and 22 periodontally healthy children (including two sibling pairs) and their mothers. The whole saliva was collected, DNA was extracted, the variable V3–V4 region of the eubacterial 16S ribosomal RNA gene was amplified, and sample library preparation was performed according to the Illumina protocol. The salivary levels of MRP-8/14 were analyzed by ELISA.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Alpha diversity of the salivary microbiome was considerably higher in gingivitis children and mothers of gingivitis children compared to healthy children and their mothers, respectively. Significant differences in beta diversity between healthy and gingivitis children, healthy children and their mothers, and gingivitis children and their mothers were detected. Overall, the number of common core amplicon sequence variants between children and their own mothers was significantly higher than between children and other mothers. The salivary MRP-8/14 levels in children with gingivitis were significantly higher compared to healthy children; a similar tendency was also mentioned for mothers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our study underlines the importance of family as an essential factor influencing oral health.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of periodontology","volume":"95 11","pages":"1035-1047"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/JPER.23-0632","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140821138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gaetano Isola, Paolo Pesce, Alessandro Polizzi, Antonino Lo Giudice, Marco Cicciù, Frank A. Scannapieco
Background
Growing evidence suggests the type of periodontal treatment could differentially influence the reduction of key cardiovascular risk mediators in periodontitis patients. This randomized, controlled clinical trial compared the impact of minimally invasive non-surgical therapy (MINST) with quadrant-wise subgingival instrumentation (Q-SI) on C-reactive protein (CRP) together with lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) levels, and clinical periodontal outcomes in patients with periodontitis. Moreover, it was evaluated if baseline CRP levels impacted the efficacy of non-surgical periodontal therapy protocols.
Methods
Forty-two periodontitis patients were enrolled and randomly treated by means of MINST (n = 21) or Q-SI (n = 21). The outcomes assessed were serum CRP and Lp-PLA2, and periodontal parameters (probing depth [PD], clinical attachment level [CAL], full-mouth bleeding score [FMBS]), at baseline and at follow-ups at 1, 3, and 6 months and at 1 year after treatment.
Results
At 1 year, MINST significantly reduced, among others, mean PD (p = 0.007), mean CAL (p = 0.007), the number of pockets >4 mm (p = 0.011) and ≥6 mm (p = 0.005), and FMBS (p = 0.048) compared to Q-SI. Generalized multivariate analysis evidenced that high baseline CRP (p = 0.039) and FMBS (p = 0.046) levels, together with MINST treatment (p = 0.007) were significant predictors of PD reduction at 1-year follow-up. Moreover, the Jonckheere–Terpstra test showed that patients with high baseline CRP levels gained more benefits from MINST treatment at 1-year follow-up than they did from Q-SI.
Conclusion
Patients receiving MINST showed a greater reduction in CRP levels than patients with Q-SI after 1 year of follow-up. Moreover, patients with high baseline levels of CRP and Lp-PLA2 gained more benefits from the MINST approach at 1-year follow-up.
{"title":"Effects of minimally invasive non-surgical therapy on C-reactive protein, lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2, and clinical outcomes in periodontitis patients: A 1-year randomized, controlled clinical trial","authors":"Gaetano Isola, Paolo Pesce, Alessandro Polizzi, Antonino Lo Giudice, Marco Cicciù, Frank A. Scannapieco","doi":"10.1002/JPER.23-0518","DOIUrl":"10.1002/JPER.23-0518","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Growing evidence suggests the type of periodontal treatment could differentially influence the reduction of key cardiovascular risk mediators in periodontitis patients. This randomized, controlled clinical trial compared the impact of minimally invasive non-surgical therapy (MINST) with quadrant-wise subgingival instrumentation (Q-SI) on C-reactive protein (CRP) together with lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A<sub>2</sub> (Lp-PLA<sub>2</sub>) levels, and clinical periodontal outcomes in patients with periodontitis. Moreover, it was evaluated if baseline CRP levels impacted the efficacy of non-surgical periodontal therapy protocols.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Forty-two periodontitis patients were enrolled and randomly treated by means of MINST (<i>n</i> = 21) or Q-SI (<i>n</i> = 21). The outcomes assessed were serum CRP and Lp-PLA<sub>2</sub>, and periodontal parameters (probing depth [PD], clinical attachment level [CAL], full-mouth bleeding score [FMBS]), at baseline and at follow-ups at 1, 3, and 6 months and at 1 year after treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>At 1 year, MINST significantly reduced, among others, mean PD (<i>p</i> = 0.007), mean CAL (<i>p</i> = 0.007), the number of pockets >4 mm (<i>p</i> = 0.011) and ≥6 mm (<i>p</i> = 0.005), and FMBS (<i>p</i> = 0.048) compared to Q-SI. Generalized multivariate analysis evidenced that high baseline CRP (<i>p</i> = 0.039) and FMBS (<i>p</i> = 0.046) levels, together with MINST treatment (<i>p</i> = 0.007) were significant predictors of PD reduction at 1-year follow-up. Moreover, the Jonckheere–Terpstra test showed that patients with high baseline CRP levels gained more benefits from MINST treatment at 1-year follow-up than they did from Q-SI.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Patients receiving MINST showed a greater reduction in CRP levels than patients with Q-SI after 1 year of follow-up. Moreover, patients with high baseline levels of CRP and Lp-PLA<sub>2</sub> gained more benefits from the MINST approach at 1-year follow-up.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of periodontology","volume":"95 10","pages":"949-962"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/JPER.23-0518","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140820902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ronaldo Lira-Junior, Micheál Mac Aogáin, Eva Crncalo, Neda Rajamand Ekberg, Sanjay H. Chotirmall, Sven Pettersson, Anders Gustafsson, Kerstin Brismar, Nagihan Bostanci
Background
Studies on the impact of intermittent fasting on periodontal health are still scarce. Thus, this study evaluated the effects of long-term intermittent fasting on periodontal health and the subgingival microbiota.
Methods
This pilot study was part of a nonrandomized controlled trial. Overweight/obese participants (n = 14) entered an intermittent fasting program, specifically the 5:2 diet, in which they restricted caloric intake to about a quarter of the normal total daily caloric expenditure for two nonconsecutive days/week. Subjects underwent a thorough clinical and laboratory examination, including an assessment of their periodontal condition, at baseline and 6 months after starting the diet. Additionally, subgingival microbiota was assessed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing.
Results
After 6 months of intermittent fasting, weight, body mass index, C-reactive protein, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and the cholesterol profile improved significantly (p < 0.05). Moreover, significant reductions were observed in bleeding on probing (p = 0.01) and the presence of shallow periodontal pockets after fasting (p < 0.001), while no significant change was seen in plaque index (p = 0.14). While we did not observe significant changes in α- or β-diversity of the subgingival microbiota related to dietary intervention (p > 0.05), significant differences were seen in the abundances of several taxa among individuals exhibiting ≥60% reduction (good responders) in probing pocket depth of 4–5 mm compared to those with <60% reduction (bad responders).
Conclusion
Intermittent fasting decreased systemic and periodontal inflammation. Although the subgingival microbiota was unaltered by this intervention, apparent taxonomic variability was observed between good and bad responders.
{"title":"Effects of intermittent fasting on periodontal inflammation and subgingival microbiota","authors":"Ronaldo Lira-Junior, Micheál Mac Aogáin, Eva Crncalo, Neda Rajamand Ekberg, Sanjay H. Chotirmall, Sven Pettersson, Anders Gustafsson, Kerstin Brismar, Nagihan Bostanci","doi":"10.1002/JPER.23-0676","DOIUrl":"10.1002/JPER.23-0676","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Studies on the impact of intermittent fasting on periodontal health are still scarce. Thus, this study evaluated the effects of long-term intermittent fasting on periodontal health and the subgingival microbiota.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This pilot study was part of a nonrandomized controlled trial. Overweight/obese participants (<i>n</i> = 14) entered an intermittent fasting program, specifically the 5:2 diet, in which they restricted caloric intake to about a quarter of the normal total daily caloric expenditure for two nonconsecutive days/week. Subjects underwent a thorough clinical and laboratory examination, including an assessment of their periodontal condition, at baseline and 6 months after starting the diet. Additionally, subgingival microbiota was assessed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>After 6 months of intermittent fasting, weight, body mass index, C-reactive protein, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and the cholesterol profile improved significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Moreover, significant reductions were observed in bleeding on probing (<i>p</i> = 0.01) and the presence of shallow periodontal pockets after fasting (<i>p</i> < 0.001), while no significant change was seen in plaque index (<i>p</i> = 0.14). While we did not observe significant changes in α- or β-diversity of the subgingival microbiota related to dietary intervention (<i>p</i> > 0.05), significant differences were seen in the abundances of several taxa among individuals exhibiting ≥60% reduction (good responders) in probing pocket depth of 4–5 mm compared to those with <60% reduction (bad responders).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Intermittent fasting decreased systemic and periodontal inflammation. Although the subgingival microbiota was unaltered by this intervention, apparent taxonomic variability was observed between good and bad responders.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of periodontology","volume":"95 7","pages":"640-649"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/JPER.23-0676","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140642599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
William Carter, Tamanna Tiwari, Satheesh Elangovan, Lonnie Johnson, Karo Parsegian, Sangeetha Chandrasekaran
Background
Periodontal diseases (PD) have been increasingly associated with several systemic conditions such as cardiovascular disease (CVD), diabetes mellitus (DM), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study aimed to gain insight into patients’ awareness of the association between PD and systemic diseases.
Methods
A survey was developed to analyze patient awareness of the association between PD and systemic diseases. Descriptive and categorical variables were summarized with counts and percentages. Chi-squared tests were used to evaluate differences between variables. A linear logistical regression model was used to assess the simultaneous, independent association between each variable.
Results
Data from 161 completed surveys were analyzed. The majority of the participants (61.49%) reported awareness of symptoms of PD, but only 36.36% identified all its major symptoms. Individuals reporting awareness of the association between PD and systemic diseases was 48.4%, 31.7%, 14.9%, and 9.9% for CVD, DM, RA, and AD, respectively. Patients aged ≥51 years and males were more aware of the association between PD and CVD. Increased awareness of an association between PD and DM was observed among patients who had a higher frequency of dental visits and those with a self-reported history of DM.
Conclusions
This study provides insight that, even with the vast amount of scientific knowledge on the inter-relationships that exist between PD and systemic diseases, most patients are still unaware of these associations. This research identified that improvement of health literacy surrounding PD, their symptoms, and their association with systemic diseases may be warranted.
{"title":"Patient awareness of the association between periodontal and systemic diseases in an academic setting","authors":"William Carter, Tamanna Tiwari, Satheesh Elangovan, Lonnie Johnson, Karo Parsegian, Sangeetha Chandrasekaran","doi":"10.1002/JPER.23-0635","DOIUrl":"10.1002/JPER.23-0635","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Periodontal diseases (PD) have been increasingly associated with several systemic conditions such as cardiovascular disease (CVD), diabetes mellitus (DM), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study aimed to gain insight into patients’ awareness of the association between PD and systemic diseases.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A survey was developed to analyze patient awareness of the association between PD and systemic diseases. Descriptive and categorical variables were summarized with counts and percentages. Chi-squared tests were used to evaluate differences between variables. A linear logistical regression model was used to assess the simultaneous, independent association between each variable.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data from 161 completed surveys were analyzed. The majority of the participants (61.49%) reported awareness of symptoms of PD, but only 36.36% identified all its major symptoms. Individuals reporting awareness of the association between PD and systemic diseases was 48.4%, 31.7%, 14.9%, and 9.9% for CVD, DM, RA, and AD, respectively. Patients aged ≥51 years and males were more aware of the association between PD and CVD. Increased awareness of an association between PD and DM was observed among patients who had a higher frequency of dental visits and those with a self-reported history of DM.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study provides insight that, even with the vast amount of scientific knowledge on the inter-relationships that exist between PD and systemic diseases, most patients are still unaware of these associations. This research identified that improvement of health literacy surrounding PD, their symptoms, and their association with systemic diseases may be warranted.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of periodontology","volume":"95 12","pages":"1201-1209"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140550364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The bidirectional link of periodontitis (PD) and gastrointestinal tract (GIT) disorders has been investigated in previous epidemiological studies; however, the conclusions still remain controversial. The aim of this study was to comprehensively explore the bidirectional causal effect between PD and various GIT diseases.
Methods
Based on summary-level data of genome-wide association studies (GWASs), a two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) study was undertaken. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with PD or GIT disorders (chronic gastritis [CG], gastric ulcer [GU], duodenal ulcer [DU], gastroesophageal reflux disease [GERD], irritable bowel syndrome [IBS], and diverticular disease of the intestine [DI]) in GWASs were applied as exposure. The primary method employed was the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method, and several sensitivity analyses were performed to investigate potential pleiotropy.
Results
With regard to the investigation of the causality between PD and GIT disorders, the IVW method revealed that there is a causal impact of PD on GU (odds ratio [OR] 1.088; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.036–1.141; adjusted p = 0.004) and DI (OR 0.938; 95% CI, 0.911–0.965; adjusted p = 0.000). However, no significant genetic liability was observed for the causal effect of PD on CG, DU, GERD, and IBS. Furthermore, the primary analysis did not demonstrate a causal effect of GIT disorders on PD.
Conclusion
This MR study suggests that PD may be associated with an increased risk of GU and a reduced risk of DI, with possibly limited clinical relevance. Further studies are needed to support the conclusions of this MR study.
背景：以往的流行病学研究已对牙周炎（PD）与胃肠道疾病（GIT）的双向联系进行了调查，但结论仍存在争议。本研究旨在全面探讨牙周炎与各种胃肠道疾病之间的双向因果效应：方法：基于全基因组关联研究（GWAS）的摘要级数据，开展了一项双样本双向孟德尔随机化（MR）研究。将全基因组关联研究中与腹泻或胃肠道疾病（慢性胃炎[CG]、胃溃疡[GU]、十二指肠溃疡[DU]、胃食管反流病[GERD]、肠易激综合征[IBS]和肠憩室疾病[DI]）相关的单核苷酸多态性（SNPs）作为暴露。采用的主要方法是逆方差加权法（IVW），并进行了几种敏感性分析，以研究潜在的多重效应：关于腹泻症与消化道疾病之间因果关系的调查，IVW 方法显示腹泻症对 GU（几率比 [OR] 1.088；95% 置信区间 [CI]，1.036-1.141；调整后 p = 0.004）和 DI（OR 0.938；95% CI，0.911-0.965；调整后 p = 0.000）有因果影响。然而，在PD对CG、DU、胃食管反流病和肠易激综合征的因果效应方面，没有观察到明显的遗传责任。此外，主要分析也未显示胃肠道疾病对腹泻的因果效应：这项磁共振研究表明，PD 可能与 GU 风险增加和 DI 风险降低有关，但临床意义可能有限。需要进一步的研究来支持这项 MR 研究的结论。
{"title":"Association of periodontitis with gastrointestinal tract disorders: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study","authors":"Yuqiang Wang, Jiakang Zhu, Ying Tang, Cui Huang","doi":"10.1002/JPER.23-0560","DOIUrl":"10.1002/JPER.23-0560","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The bidirectional link of periodontitis (PD) and gastrointestinal tract (GIT) disorders has been investigated in previous epidemiological studies; however, the conclusions still remain controversial. The aim of this study was to comprehensively explore the bidirectional causal effect between PD and various GIT diseases.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Based on summary-level data of genome-wide association studies (GWASs), a two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) study was undertaken. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with PD or GIT disorders (chronic gastritis [CG], gastric ulcer [GU], duodenal ulcer [DU], gastroesophageal reflux disease [GERD], irritable bowel syndrome [IBS], and diverticular disease of the intestine [DI]) in GWASs were applied as exposure. The primary method employed was the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method, and several sensitivity analyses were performed to investigate potential pleiotropy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>With regard to the investigation of the causality between PD and GIT disorders, the IVW method revealed that there is a causal impact of PD on GU (odds ratio [OR] 1.088; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.036–1.141; adjusted <i>p</i> = 0.004) and DI (OR 0.938; 95% CI, 0.911–0.965; adjusted <i>p</i> = 0.000). However, no significant genetic liability was observed for the causal effect of PD on CG, DU, GERD, and IBS. Furthermore, the primary analysis did not demonstrate a causal effect of GIT disorders on PD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This MR study suggests that PD may be associated with an increased risk of GU and a reduced risk of DI, with possibly limited clinical relevance. Further studies are needed to support the conclusions of this MR study.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of periodontology","volume":"95 10","pages":"1002-1010"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140336057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Christof Dörfer, Kathrin Chmiela, Nicole B. Arweiler, Gregor J. Petersilka, Henrik Dommisch, Ralph Heckel, Maren Kahl, Denica Kuzmanova, Peter Purucker, Claudia Springer
Background
To compare acceptance and preference of topical lidocaine gel anesthesia with articaine injection anesthesia in patients with moderate periodontitis undergoing scaling and root debridement.
Methods
Ninety-one patients completed this randomized multicenter split-mouth controlled study and underwent two separate periodontal treatment sessions on different days, one with a topical intrapocket lidocaine gel application and the other with an articaine injection anesthesia in a different order depending on randomization. Parameters measured were the patients’ preference for topical lidocaine gel anesthesia or injection anesthesia with articaine (primary efficacy criterion), their maximum and average pain, and their intensity of numbness as well as experience of side effects; the probing depth; and the dentists’ preference and their evaluations of handling/application, onset and duration of anesthetic effect, and patient compliance.
Results
After having experienced both alternatives, 58.3% of the patients preferred the topical lidocaine gel instillation into the periodontal pockets. The safety profile of the lidocaine gel differed positively from the safety profile of articaine injection in type and frequency of adverse drug reactions. The dentistsʼ acceptance and preference regarding either anesthetic method studied were balanced.
Conclusions
Instillation of lidocaine gel into the periodontal pocket is a preferred alternative to injection anesthesia for most of the patients and an equivalent alternative for dentists in nonsurgical periodontal therapy.
{"title":"Evaluation of acceptance and preference of topical lidocaine application versus articaine injection anesthesia after nonsurgical periodontal treatment: A randomized clinical trial","authors":"Christof Dörfer, Kathrin Chmiela, Nicole B. Arweiler, Gregor J. Petersilka, Henrik Dommisch, Ralph Heckel, Maren Kahl, Denica Kuzmanova, Peter Purucker, Claudia Springer","doi":"10.1002/JPER.23-0466","DOIUrl":"10.1002/JPER.23-0466","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To compare acceptance and preference of topical lidocaine gel anesthesia with articaine injection anesthesia in patients with moderate periodontitis undergoing scaling and root debridement.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Ninety-one patients completed this randomized multicenter split-mouth controlled study and underwent two separate periodontal treatment sessions on different days, one with a topical intrapocket lidocaine gel application and the other with an articaine injection anesthesia in a different order depending on randomization. Parameters measured were the patients’ preference for topical lidocaine gel anesthesia or injection anesthesia with articaine (primary efficacy criterion), their maximum and average pain, and their intensity of numbness as well as experience of side effects; the probing depth; and the dentists’ preference and their evaluations of handling/application, onset and duration of anesthetic effect, and patient compliance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>After having experienced both alternatives, 58.3% of the patients preferred the topical lidocaine gel instillation into the periodontal pockets. The safety profile of the lidocaine gel differed positively from the safety profile of articaine injection in type and frequency of adverse drug reactions. The dentistsʼ acceptance and preference regarding either anesthetic method studied were balanced.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Instillation of lidocaine gel into the periodontal pocket is a preferred alternative to injection anesthesia for most of the patients and an equivalent alternative for dentists in nonsurgical periodontal therapy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of periodontology","volume":"95 9","pages":"821-831"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/JPER.23-0466","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140336058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aimed to investigate the contribution of myeloid differentiation primary-response gene 88 (MyD88) on the differentiation of T helper type 17 (Th17) and regulatory T (Treg) cells and the emerging subgingival microbiota dysbiosis in Porphyromonas gingivalis-induced experimental periodontitis.
Methods
Alveolar bone loss, infiltrated inflammatory cells, immunostained cells for tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), the receptor activator of nuclear factor-kB ligand (RANKL), and osteoprotegerin (OPG) were quantified by microcomputerized tomography and histological staining between age- and sex-matched homozygous littermates (wild-type [WT, Myd88+/+] and Myd88−/− on C57BL/6 background). The frequencies of Th17 and Treg cells in cervical lymph nodes (CLNs) and spleen were determined by flow cytometry. Cytokine expression in gingival tissues, CLNs, and spleens were studied by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Analysis of the composition of the subgingival microbiome and functional annotation of prokaryotic taxa (FAPROTAX) analysis were performed.
Results
P. gingivalis-infected Myd88−/− mice showed alleviated bone loss, TRAP+ osteoclasts, and RANKL/OPG ratio compared to WT mice. A significantly higher percentage of Foxp3+CD4+ T cells in infected Myd88−/− CLNs and a higher frequency of RORγt+CD4+ T cells in infected WT mice was noted. Increased IL-10 and IL-17a expressions in gingival tissue at D14–D28 then declined in WT mice, whereas an opposite pattern was observed in Myd88−/− mice. The Myd88−/− mice exhibited characteristic increases in gram-positive species and species having probiotic properties, while gram-negative, anaerobic species were noted in WT mice. FAPROTAX analysis revealed increased aerobic chemoheterotrophy in Myd88−/− mice, whereas anaerobic chemoheterotrophy was noted in WT mice after P. gingivalis infection.
Conclusions
MyD88 plays an important role in inflammation-induced bone loss by modulating the dynamic equilibrium between Th17/Treg cells and dysbiosis in P. gingivalis-induced experimental periodontitis.
研究背景本研究旨在探讨髓系分化初级反应基因88（MyD88）对T辅助17型（Th17）和调节性T（Treg）细胞分化的贡献，以及牙龈卟啉菌诱导的实验性牙周炎中新出现的龈下微生物群失调：方法：通过微计算机断层扫描和组织学染色，对年龄和性别匹配的同卵双生子（野生型[WT, Myd88+/+]和C57BL/6背景的Myd88-/-）的牙槽骨损失、浸润的炎症细胞、抗酒石酸磷酸酶（TRAP）、核因子-kB配体受体激活剂（RANKL）和骨保护素（OPG）的免疫染色细胞进行量化。流式细胞术测定了颈淋巴结（CLNs）和脾脏中Th17和Treg细胞的频率。通过定量聚合酶链反应（qPCR）研究了牙龈组织、CLN 和脾脏中细胞因子的表达。对龈下微生物组的组成进行了分析，并对原核生物分类群进行了功能注释（FAPROTAX）分析：结果：与 WT 小鼠相比，感染了 P. gingivalis 的 Myd88-/- 小鼠的骨质流失、TRAP+破骨细胞和 RANKL/OPG 比率均有所减轻。受感染的 Myd88-/- CLN 中 Foxp3+CD4+ T 细胞的比例明显更高，而受感染的 WT 小鼠中 RORγt+CD4+ T 细胞的频率更高。WT小鼠牙龈组织中的IL-10和IL-17a表达量在D14-D28期间增加，随后下降，而在Myd88-/-小鼠中则观察到相反的模式。Myd88-/-小鼠的革兰氏阳性菌和具有益生菌特性的菌种明显增多，而 WT 小鼠的革兰氏阴性、厌氧菌种则明显增多。FAPROTAX分析显示，Myd88-/-小鼠的需氧性趋化性增加，而WT小鼠在感染牙龈脓肿后出现厌氧性趋化性：结论：在牙龈脓疱病诱导的实验性牙周炎中，MyD88通过调节Th17/Treg细胞与菌群失调之间的动态平衡，在炎症诱导的骨质流失中发挥着重要作用。
{"title":"MyD88 exacerbates inflammation-induced bone loss by modulating dynamic equilibrium between Th17/Treg cells and subgingival microbiota dysbiosis","authors":"Po-Yan Hsiao, Ren-Yeong Huang, Lin-Wei Huang, Ching-Liang Chu, Thomas Van Dyke, Lian-Ping Mau, Chia-Dan Cheng, Cheng-En Sung, Pei-Wei Weng, Yu-Chiao Wu, Yi-Shing Shieh, Wan-Chien Cheng","doi":"10.1002/JPER.23-0561","DOIUrl":"10.1002/JPER.23-0561","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to investigate the contribution of myeloid differentiation primary-response gene 88 (MyD88) on the differentiation of T helper type 17 (Th17) and regulatory T (Treg) cells and the emerging subgingival microbiota dysbiosis in <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i>-induced experimental periodontitis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Alveolar bone loss, infiltrated inflammatory cells, immunostained cells for tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), the receptor activator of nuclear factor-kB ligand (RANKL), and osteoprotegerin (OPG) were quantified by microcomputerized tomography and histological staining between age- and sex-matched homozygous littermates (wild-type [WT, <i>Myd88<sup>+/+</sup></i>] and <i>Myd88<sup>−/−</sup></i> on C57BL/6 background). The frequencies of Th17 and Treg cells in cervical lymph nodes (CLNs) and spleen were determined by flow cytometry. Cytokine expression in gingival tissues, CLNs, and spleens were studied by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Analysis of the composition of the subgingival microbiome and functional annotation of prokaryotic taxa (FAPROTAX) analysis were performed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>P. gingivalis</i>-infected <i>Myd88<sup>−/−</sup></i> mice showed alleviated bone loss, TRAP<sup>+</sup> osteoclasts, and RANKL/OPG ratio compared to WT mice. A significantly higher percentage of Foxp3<sup>+</sup>CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells in infected <i>Myd88<sup>−/−</sup></i> CLNs and a higher frequency of RORγt<sup>+</sup>CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells in infected WT mice was noted. Increased <i>IL-10</i> and <i>IL-17a</i> expressions in gingival tissue at D14–D28 then declined in WT mice, whereas an opposite pattern was observed in <i>Myd88<sup>−/−</sup></i> mice. The <i>Myd88<sup>−/−</sup></i> mice exhibited characteristic increases in gram-positive species and species having probiotic properties, while gram-negative, anaerobic species were noted in WT mice. FAPROTAX analysis revealed increased aerobic chemoheterotrophy in <i>Myd88<sup>−/−</sup></i> mice, whereas anaerobic chemoheterotrophy was noted in WT mice after <i>P. gingivalis</i> infection.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>MyD88 plays an important role in inflammation-induced bone loss by modulating the dynamic equilibrium between Th17/Treg cells and dysbiosis in <i>P. gingivalis</i>-induced experimental periodontitis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of periodontology","volume":"95 8","pages":"764-777"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140207143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Min Nie, Peien Huang, Peiyao Peng, Daonan Shen, Lei Zhao, Duan Jiang, Yuqin Shen, Lai Wei, Paul W. Bible, Jingmei Yang, Jun Wang, Yafei Wu
Background
The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of photodynamic therapy (PDT) as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP) on clinical parameters and microbial composition in subgingival plaque of periodontitis patients.
Methods
Seventeen patients were included in this split-mouth randomized clinical trial. Sites with probing pocket depth (PPD) ≥5 mm in combination with bleeding on probing in different quadrants were randomized into the control group, the group with a single PDT application right after SRP, and the group with three repeated PDT applications 1 week after SRP. The subgingival plaque was collected for 16S rRNA gene sequencing at baseline, Week 2, and Week 8.
Results
Seventeen patients with 60 sites completed this 8-week follow-up, and 157 subgingival plaques were successfully analyzed by sequencing. Significant improvements were observed in two primary outcomes: PPD at Week 8 and subgingival microbial composition. Compared to the control group, the repeated-PDT group showed a notable improvement in PPD, substantial alterations in the microbial profile, including a reduction in α-diversity and anaerobic bacteria, and an increase in aerobic bacteria at Week 2. Secondary outcomes, such as clinical attachment level and sulcus bleeding index, also showed improvement at Week 8. Furthermore, both the single- and repeated-PDT groups exhibited a decrease in periodontopathogens and an increase in beneficial bacteria compared with baseline.
Conclusion
PDT promotes changes in the microbial composition of periodontitis patients’ subgingival plaque in a direction favorable to periodontal health, and repeated PDT is a promising adjunctive therapy for periodontal treatment.
{"title":"Efficacy of photodynamic therapy as an adjunct to scaling and root planing on clinical parameters and microbial composition in subgingival plaque of periodontitis patients: A split-mouth randomized clinical trial","authors":"Min Nie, Peien Huang, Peiyao Peng, Daonan Shen, Lei Zhao, Duan Jiang, Yuqin Shen, Lai Wei, Paul W. Bible, Jingmei Yang, Jun Wang, Yafei Wu","doi":"10.1002/JPER.23-0195","DOIUrl":"10.1002/JPER.23-0195","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of photodynamic therapy (PDT) as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP) on clinical parameters and microbial composition in subgingival plaque of periodontitis patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Seventeen patients were included in this split-mouth randomized clinical trial. Sites with probing pocket depth (PPD) ≥5 mm in combination with bleeding on probing in different quadrants were randomized into the control group, the group with a single PDT application right after SRP, and the group with three repeated PDT applications 1 week after SRP. The subgingival plaque was collected for 16S rRNA gene sequencing at baseline, Week 2, and Week 8.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Seventeen patients with 60 sites completed this 8-week follow-up, and 157 subgingival plaques were successfully analyzed by sequencing. Significant improvements were observed in two primary outcomes: PPD at Week 8 and subgingival microbial composition. Compared to the control group, the repeated-PDT group showed a notable improvement in PPD, substantial alterations in the microbial profile, including a reduction in <i>α</i>-diversity and anaerobic bacteria, and an increase in aerobic bacteria at Week 2. Secondary outcomes, such as clinical attachment level and sulcus bleeding index, also showed improvement at Week 8. Furthermore, both the single- and repeated-PDT groups exhibited a decrease in periodontopathogens and an increase in beneficial bacteria compared with baseline.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>PDT promotes changes in the microbial composition of periodontitis patients’ subgingival plaque in a direction favorable to periodontal health, and repeated PDT is a promising adjunctive therapy for periodontal treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of periodontology","volume":"95 6","pages":"535-549"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140158371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yanjing Ou, Le Fan, Xiaoqi Wang, Haibin Xia, Mengwen Cheng, Jing Huang, Youde Liang, Yining Wang, Yi Zhou
Background
To explore the role of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) in periodontitis via in vivo and in vitro experiments.
Methods
The second upper molar of LIF knockout mice and their wild-type littermates were ligated for 8 days. Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), histological analysis, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) were performed. The expression levels of proinflammatory cytokines were examined in mouse bone marrow derived macrophages and human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (HPDLFs) after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment.
Results
LIF deficiency promoted alveolar bone loss, inflammatory cells infiltration, osteoclasts formation and collagen fiber degradation in ligature-induced mouse, along with higher expressions of proinflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-6 (IL6), IL-1β (IL1B), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFA), matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP13), and RANKL/OPG ratio. Additionally, LIF deletion led to higher expression levels of these proinflammatory cytokines in mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages from both femur and alveolar bone and HPDLFs when treated with LPS. Administration of recombined LIF attenuated TNFA, IL1B, and RANKL/OPG ratio in HPDLFs.
Conclusions
These findings indicate that LIF deficiency promotes the progress of periodontitis via modulating immuno-inflammatory responses of macrophages and periodontal ligament fibroblasts, and the application of LIF may be an adjunctive treatment for periodontitis to resolute inflammation.
{"title":"Leukemia inhibitory factor protects against experimental periodontitis through immuno-modulations of both macrophages and periodontal ligament fibroblasts","authors":"Yanjing Ou, Le Fan, Xiaoqi Wang, Haibin Xia, Mengwen Cheng, Jing Huang, Youde Liang, Yining Wang, Yi Zhou","doi":"10.1002/JPER.23-0607","DOIUrl":"10.1002/JPER.23-0607","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To explore the role of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) in periodontitis via in vivo and in vitro experiments.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The second upper molar of LIF knockout mice and their wild-type littermates were ligated for 8 days. Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), histological analysis, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) were performed. The expression levels of proinflammatory cytokines were examined in mouse bone marrow derived macrophages and human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (HPDLFs) after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>LIF deficiency promoted alveolar bone loss, inflammatory cells infiltration, osteoclasts formation and collagen fiber degradation in ligature-induced mouse, along with higher expressions of proinflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-6 (IL6), IL-1β (IL1B), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFA), matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP13), and <i>RANKL/OPG</i> ratio. Additionally, LIF deletion led to higher expression levels of these proinflammatory cytokines in mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages from both femur and alveolar bone and HPDLFs when treated with LPS. Administration of recombined LIF attenuated <i>TNFA, IL1B</i>, and <i>RANKL/OPG</i> ratio in HPDLFs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These findings indicate that LIF deficiency promotes the progress of periodontitis via modulating immuno-inflammatory responses of macrophages and periodontal ligament fibroblasts, and the application of LIF may be an adjunctive treatment for periodontitis to resolute inflammation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16716,"journal":{"name":"Journal of periodontology","volume":"95 11","pages":"1073-1085"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140131677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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