Pub Date : 2022-02-06DOI: 10.3329/jninb.v7i2.58101
I. Ahmed, Muhammod Akhtaruzzaman, Khurshida Samad, Rukhsana Quadir, Nadia Rabin
Background: RT-PCT test for Covid-19 is the most widely used test during the pandemic. Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to see the status of RT-PCR test for Covid-19 during first wave of pandemic in Bangladesh at a dedicated hospital outside Dhaka city. Methodology: This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology at Colonel Malek Medical College, Manikgonj, Bangladesh from November 2020 to April 2021 for a period of six months. The suspected cases of covid-19 patients or patients who had the history of contact with the confirmed cases of Covid-19 patients were advised by the clinician to do the test. RT-PCR for Covid-19 test was performed and results were recorded with their age and gender. Results: A total number of 6678 cases were recruited for this study. The mean age with SD of positive and negative were 42.6±17.32 years and 40.98±18.78 years respectively (p=0.023). The male and female ratio was 1.8:1 (p=0.004). Out of 668 positive cases of Covid-19 patients most of them were from urban area which was 464(9.1%) cases during this pandemic (p=0.000). Out of 675 cases of having history of travel, Covid-19 was positive in 43(6.4%) cases. Again, 6003 patients were without travel history and among these 625(10.4%) cases were Covid-19 RT-PCR positive (p=0.001). Conclusion: In conclusion young adult male patients are most commonly suffering with Covid-19 infection. Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, July 2021, Vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 132-136
{"title":"Association of Demographic Profiles with RT-PCR Test Results for Covid-19 Patients during First Wave of Pandemic: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study from Dedicated Laboratory of Manikgonj District of Bangladesh","authors":"I. Ahmed, Muhammod Akhtaruzzaman, Khurshida Samad, Rukhsana Quadir, Nadia Rabin","doi":"10.3329/jninb.v7i2.58101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/jninb.v7i2.58101","url":null,"abstract":"Background: RT-PCT test for Covid-19 is the most widely used test during the pandemic. \u0000Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to see the status of RT-PCR test for Covid-19 during first wave of pandemic in Bangladesh at a dedicated hospital outside Dhaka city. \u0000Methodology: This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology at Colonel Malek Medical College, Manikgonj, Bangladesh from November 2020 to April 2021 for a period of six months. The suspected cases of covid-19 patients or patients who had the history of contact with the confirmed cases of Covid-19 patients were advised by the clinician to do the test. RT-PCR for Covid-19 test was performed and results were recorded with their age and gender. \u0000Results: A total number of 6678 cases were recruited for this study. The mean age with SD of positive and negative were 42.6±17.32 years and 40.98±18.78 years respectively (p=0.023). The male and female ratio was 1.8:1 (p=0.004). Out of 668 positive cases of Covid-19 patients most of them were from urban area which was 464(9.1%) cases during this pandemic (p=0.000). Out of 675 cases of having history of travel, Covid-19 was positive in 43(6.4%) cases. Again, 6003 patients were without travel history and among these 625(10.4%) cases were Covid-19 RT-PCR positive (p=0.001). \u0000Conclusion: In conclusion young adult male patients are most commonly suffering with Covid-19 infection. \u0000Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, July 2021, Vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 132-136 ","PeriodicalId":16732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86286386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-06DOI: 10.3329/jninb.v7i2.58108
Omma Hafsa Any, Sharna Moin, M. Akter, Khandakar Nadia Afreen, M. Mazumder
Background: Anxiety disorders are reported in the different age group of people in the urban area. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to determine the level of anxiety disorder among urban elderly people. Methodology: This cross-sectional community based study was carried out from January to December 2016 at Bakolia, Chawkbazar urban area of Chittagong, Bangladesh.The individuals who were aged 60 years and above were interviewed by using convenient sampling. Face to face interview was done with semi structural questionnaire. Results: Out of 300 respondents female respondents were higher in number which was 168(56%) respondents; however, 71.7%, respondents were in 60 to 69 age groups. Majority of respondents did not have any income which was 72(60.0%) subjects. Most of the respondents were suffering from hypertension which was 198(66.0%) respondents. In urban areas 82(27.3%) subjects did not have anxiety disorder, while 133(44.3%) respondents had mild anxiety disorder, 63 (21.0%) respondents had moderate and 22 (7.3%) respondents had severe anxiety disorder. Furthermore, 192 (64.0%) respondents who were concerned about their finance had anxiety disorder. 160 (53.3%) were concerned about their health had anxiety disorder. Conclusion: In conclusion majority urban dwelling elderly people are suffering from anxiety disorders. Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, July 2021, Vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 137-141
{"title":"Status of Anxiety Disorders among Elderly People in a Selected Urban Area in Bangladesh","authors":"Omma Hafsa Any, Sharna Moin, M. Akter, Khandakar Nadia Afreen, M. Mazumder","doi":"10.3329/jninb.v7i2.58108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/jninb.v7i2.58108","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Anxiety disorders are reported in the different age group of people in the urban area. \u0000Objective: The purpose of the present study was to determine the level of anxiety disorder among urban elderly people. \u0000Methodology: This cross-sectional community based study was carried out from January to December 2016 at Bakolia, Chawkbazar urban area of Chittagong, Bangladesh.The individuals who were aged 60 years and above were interviewed by using convenient sampling. Face to face interview was done with semi structural questionnaire. \u0000Results: Out of 300 respondents female respondents were higher in number which was 168(56%) respondents; however, 71.7%, respondents were in 60 to 69 age groups. Majority of respondents did not have any income which was 72(60.0%) subjects. Most of the respondents were suffering from hypertension which was 198(66.0%) respondents. In urban areas 82(27.3%) subjects did not have anxiety disorder, while 133(44.3%) respondents had mild anxiety disorder, 63 (21.0%) respondents had moderate and 22 (7.3%) respondents had severe anxiety disorder. Furthermore, 192 (64.0%) respondents who were concerned about their finance had anxiety disorder. 160 (53.3%) were concerned about their health had anxiety disorder. \u0000Conclusion: In conclusion majority urban dwelling elderly people are suffering from anxiety disorders. \u0000Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, July 2021, Vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 137-141 ","PeriodicalId":16732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87761229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-06DOI: 10.3329/jninb.v7i2.58109
A. Hoque, Tasmin Rubayath, R. Rahman, Md. Tanvir Hossain, Abu Shadat Mohammad Saem Khan, M. Hossain, Muhammad Asif Ahsan Chowdhury, Imran Ahmed, W. Salam
Background: Postoperative mediastinal bleeding in patients undergoing cardiac surgery is still one of the most common complications. Objective: This study was intended to investigate the efficacy of topical tranexamic acid in reducing postoperative bleeding after post-operative cardiovascular surgery. Methodology: In this non-randomized, double blinded, clinical trial, patients undergoing Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass (OPCAB) surgery in NICVD, Dhaka, Bangladesh during January 2014 to December 2015 and fulfilling inclusion and exclusion criteria were recruited. They were assigned in two groups- 30 patients in tranexamic acid group (Group 1) and 30 patients in placebo group (Group 2). On completion of the grafting, before closure of the sternum tranexamic acid (2.5 g/25 mL) or placebo (25 mL of saline) diluted in 100 mL of warm saline (370 C) was instilled into the pericardial cavity including the mediastinal tissues and left for 5 minutes. Then it was cleared out by wall sucker and sternum was closed. Results: There was no significant difference in baseline demographic data, basic clinical characteristics and preoperative coagulation profile between the 2 groups (P > 0.05). Total mediastinal bleeding in group 1 and group 2 patients were421.67±70.32 vs 593.33±77.38ml, p<0.001. In case of, whole blood transfusion in group 1 and group 2 patients were 0.87±0.0.73 units and1.77±0.57 units respectively, p<0.001. Conclusion: No patient required reoperation for bleeding and there was no incidence of prolonged ventilation, MI, thromboembolism, DVT or CVA in any of the patients in either group. Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, July 2021, Vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 142-146
{"title":"Efficacy and Safety of Tropical Use of Tranexamic Acid during Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery: A Randomized Control Trial","authors":"A. Hoque, Tasmin Rubayath, R. Rahman, Md. Tanvir Hossain, Abu Shadat Mohammad Saem Khan, M. Hossain, Muhammad Asif Ahsan Chowdhury, Imran Ahmed, W. Salam","doi":"10.3329/jninb.v7i2.58109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/jninb.v7i2.58109","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Postoperative mediastinal bleeding in patients undergoing cardiac surgery is still one of the most common complications. \u0000Objective: This study was intended to investigate the efficacy of topical tranexamic acid in reducing postoperative bleeding after post-operative cardiovascular surgery. \u0000Methodology: In this non-randomized, double blinded, clinical trial, patients undergoing Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass (OPCAB) surgery in NICVD, Dhaka, Bangladesh during January 2014 to December 2015 and fulfilling inclusion and exclusion criteria were recruited. They were assigned in two groups- 30 patients in tranexamic acid group (Group 1) and 30 patients in placebo group (Group 2). On completion of the grafting, before closure of the sternum tranexamic acid (2.5 g/25 mL) or placebo (25 mL of saline) diluted in 100 mL of warm saline (370 C) was instilled into the pericardial cavity including the mediastinal tissues and left for 5 minutes. Then it was cleared out by wall sucker and sternum was closed. \u0000Results: There was no significant difference in baseline demographic data, basic clinical characteristics and preoperative coagulation profile between the 2 groups (P > 0.05). Total mediastinal bleeding in group 1 and group 2 patients were421.67±70.32 vs 593.33±77.38ml, p<0.001. In case of, whole blood transfusion in group 1 and group 2 patients were 0.87±0.0.73 units and1.77±0.57 units respectively, p<0.001. \u0000Conclusion: No patient required reoperation for bleeding and there was no incidence of prolonged ventilation, MI, thromboembolism, DVT or CVA in any of the patients in either group. \u0000Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, July 2021, Vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 142-146 ","PeriodicalId":16732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh","volume":"102 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79370215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Mechanical ventilation (MV) is a life-saving intervention in the intensive care unit that should be considered for patients with respiratory failure. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to compare the clinico-demographic characteristics and rapid shallow breathing index of patients on mechanical ventilation at intensive care unit. Methodology: This prospective cohort study was conducted in the Department of Anesthesia, Pain Palliative & Intensive Care Unit of Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh from January 2014 to December 2015 for a period of two (2) years. Patients on mechanical ventilation more than 48 hours with the age of 18 to 60 years after fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included as study population. One type of ventilator (eVent Medical) was used in all patients. Primary and daily setting of ventilators and the decision to weaning of the patient was made by the ICU consultants. The rapid shallow breathing index (RSBI) was measured by the ratio of respiratory frequency (f) to average exhaled tidal volume (EVT). When rapid shallow breathing index was 105 breath/min/L or less and more than 105 breath/min/L were taken as low and high RSBI respectively. Result: A total number of 117 patients were recruited for this study after fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria of which 92 patients were in low RSBI group and the rest 25 patients were in high RSBI group. The mean age was found 31.8±12.8 years in low RSBI group and 35.9±13.2 years in high RSBI group (p>0.05). It was observed that male was found 57(62.0%) in low RSBI group and 13(52.0%) in high RSBI group (p>0.05). It was observed that 14(15.2%) patients had laparotomy in low RSBI group and 4(16.0%) in high RSBI group (p>0.05). Surgical patients was found 27(29.3%) in low RSBI group and 11(44.0%) in high RSBI group (p>0.05). Conclusion: In conclusion there is no statistical significant relationship of age, gender and clinical diseases of the patients with low and high rapid shallow breathing index who are under mechanical ventilation at intensive care unit. Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, July 2021, Vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 92-96
{"title":"Comparison of Clinico-Demographic Characteristics and Rapid Shallow Breathing Index of Patients on Mechanical Ventilation at Intensive Care Unit","authors":"Md. Sirajul Islam, Uzzwal Kumar Mallick, Akm Ferdous Rahman, Md Gias Uddin, Kazi Eshika Raka","doi":"10.3329/jninb.v7i2.58093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/jninb.v7i2.58093","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Mechanical ventilation (MV) is a life-saving intervention in the intensive care unit that should be considered for patients with respiratory failure. \u0000Objective: The purpose of the present study was to compare the clinico-demographic characteristics and rapid shallow breathing index of patients on mechanical ventilation at intensive care unit. \u0000Methodology: This prospective cohort study was conducted in the Department of Anesthesia, Pain Palliative & Intensive Care Unit of Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh from January 2014 to December 2015 for a period of two (2) years. Patients on mechanical ventilation more than 48 hours with the age of 18 to 60 years after fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included as study population. One type of ventilator (eVent Medical) was used in all patients. Primary and daily setting of ventilators and the decision to weaning of the patient was made by the ICU consultants. The rapid shallow breathing index (RSBI) was measured by the ratio of respiratory frequency (f) to average exhaled tidal volume (EVT). When rapid shallow breathing index was 105 breath/min/L or less and more than 105 breath/min/L were taken as low and high RSBI respectively. \u0000Result: A total number of 117 patients were recruited for this study after fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria of which 92 patients were in low RSBI group and the rest 25 patients were in high RSBI group. The mean age was found 31.8±12.8 years in low RSBI group and 35.9±13.2 years in high RSBI group (p>0.05). It was observed that male was found 57(62.0%) in low RSBI group and 13(52.0%) in high RSBI group (p>0.05). It was observed that 14(15.2%) patients had laparotomy in low RSBI group and 4(16.0%) in high RSBI group (p>0.05). Surgical patients was found 27(29.3%) in low RSBI group and 11(44.0%) in high RSBI group (p>0.05). \u0000Conclusion: In conclusion there is no statistical significant relationship of age, gender and clinical diseases of the patients with low and high rapid shallow breathing index who are under mechanical ventilation at intensive care unit. \u0000Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, July 2021, Vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 92-96 ","PeriodicalId":16732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85573712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-06DOI: 10.3329/jninb.v7i2.58092
Maliha Hakim
Abstract not available Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, July 2021, Vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 90-91
孟加拉国家神经科学研究所杂志，2021年7月，第7卷，第2期，第90-91页
{"title":"Management Difficulties of Patients Suffering from Dementia during Covid-19 Pandemic: Bangladesh Perspective","authors":"Maliha Hakim","doi":"10.3329/jninb.v7i2.58092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/jninb.v7i2.58092","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract not available \u0000Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, July 2021, Vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 90-91 ","PeriodicalId":16732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86515076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-06DOI: 10.3329/jninb.v7i2.58110
Z. Haque, Md Abdul Alim, Shaifur Ahmed, Rokshana Ahmed, M. Rahman, N. Nahar
Background: Detection of ependymoma is very essential for the management of the patients. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to validate as well as to find out the Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) findings of ependymoma among paediatric patients. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was carried out from January 2010 to June 2011 for a period of one year and six months in the Department of Radiology & Imaging at Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Pediatric Patients having clinically suspected brain tumours of ependymoma variant who were undergone MRI of brain were included in this study. The pediatric patients clinically suspected for brain tumor in posterior cranial fossa region with the suspicion of ependymoma having no contraindication for MRI was underwent MRI examination. The postoperative resected tissues were examined histopathological in the respective department. All the clinical profiles and demographic data were collected. Result: This study included 33 patients with clinical features compatible with posterior fossa tumors. Out of all cases 4 cases were diagnosed as ependymoma in MRI and confirmed by histopathological evaluation. Out of 4 histologicaly proved cases, all cases were in ventricle. However, 2 cases were hypointense and 2 cases were isointense in TIWI and 3 cases were hyperintense in T2WI .3 cases are solid and 1 case was mixed. All cases had irregular margin and mass effect. All cases also had peri-lesional oedema. Marked enhancement was present in 3 cases. The sensitivity of MRI for the detection of ependymoma was 75.0% (95% CI 19.41% to 99.37%). However, the specificity of MRI was very high which was 96.5% (95% CI 82.24% to 99.91%). The positive predictive values and negative predictive value of MRI were 75.0% (95% CI 28.73% to 95.71%) and 96.5% (95% CI 83.66% to 99.35%) respectively. The accuracy was 93.9% (95% CI 79.77% to 99.26%). Conclusion: In conclusion accuracy of MRI for the detection of ependymoma is very high. Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, July 2021, Vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 147-151
背景:室管膜瘤的发现对患者的治疗至关重要。目的:本研究的目的是验证和发现小儿室管膜瘤的磁共振成像(MRI)表现。方法:本横断面研究于2010年1月至2011年6月在孟加拉国达卡的达卡医学院放射学与成像系进行，为期一年零六个月。本研究纳入了临床怀疑为室管膜瘤变异性脑肿瘤并行脑MRI检查的儿童患者。对临床怀疑颅内后窝区脑肿瘤疑似室管膜瘤的患儿，在无MRI禁忌的情况下，行MRI检查。术后切除组织在各自科室进行组织病理学检查。收集了所有临床资料和人口统计资料。结果:本研究纳入33例临床特征符合后窝肿瘤的患者。其中4例经MRI诊断为室管膜瘤，经病理组织学检查证实。病理证实的4例均发生在脑室。T2WI低信号2例，等信号2例，高信号3例。实性3例，混合性1例。所有病例均有不规则边缘和肿块效应。所有病例均有病灶周围水肿。3例明显强化。MRI检测室管膜瘤的敏感性为75.0% (95% CI 19.41% ~ 99.37%)。但MRI特异性很高，为96.5% (95% CI 82.24% ~ 99.91%)。MRI阳性预测值为75.0% (95% CI 28.73% ~ 95.71%)，阴性预测值为96.5% (95% CI 83.66% ~ 99.35%)。准确率为93.9% (95% CI 79.77% ~ 99.26%)。结论:MRI对室管膜瘤的诊断具有很高的准确性。《孟加拉国国家神经科学研究所杂志》，2021年7月，第7卷，第2期，147-151页
{"title":"Diagnostic Validity of Magnetic Resonance Imaging for the Detection of Ependymoma among Bangladeshi Children","authors":"Z. Haque, Md Abdul Alim, Shaifur Ahmed, Rokshana Ahmed, M. Rahman, N. Nahar","doi":"10.3329/jninb.v7i2.58110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/jninb.v7i2.58110","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Detection of ependymoma is very essential for the management of the patients. \u0000Objective: The purpose of the present study was to validate as well as to find out the Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) findings of ependymoma among paediatric patients. \u0000Methodology: This cross-sectional study was carried out from January 2010 to June 2011 for a period of one year and six months in the Department of Radiology & Imaging at Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Pediatric Patients having clinically suspected brain tumours of ependymoma variant who were undergone MRI of brain were included in this study. The pediatric patients clinically suspected for brain tumor in posterior cranial fossa region with the suspicion of ependymoma having no contraindication for MRI was underwent MRI examination. The postoperative resected tissues were examined histopathological in the respective department. All the clinical profiles and demographic data were collected. \u0000Result: This study included 33 patients with clinical features compatible with posterior fossa tumors. Out of all cases 4 cases were diagnosed as ependymoma in MRI and confirmed by histopathological evaluation. Out of 4 histologicaly proved cases, all cases were in ventricle. However, 2 cases were hypointense and 2 cases were isointense in TIWI and 3 cases were hyperintense in T2WI .3 cases are solid and 1 case was mixed. All cases had irregular margin and mass effect. All cases also had peri-lesional oedema. Marked enhancement was present in 3 cases. The sensitivity of MRI for the detection of ependymoma was 75.0% (95% CI 19.41% to 99.37%). However, the specificity of MRI was very high which was 96.5% (95% CI 82.24% to 99.91%). The positive predictive values and negative predictive value of MRI were 75.0% (95% CI 28.73% to 95.71%) and 96.5% (95% CI 83.66% to 99.35%) respectively. The accuracy was 93.9% (95% CI 79.77% to 99.26%). \u0000Conclusion: In conclusion accuracy of MRI for the detection of ependymoma is very high. \u0000Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, July 2021, Vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 147-151 ","PeriodicalId":16732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82991598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-06DOI: 10.3329/jninb.v7i2.58099
Aparajeya Bivab Bikash Baral, Sohely Rahman, S. Islam, Bijoya Dey Happy, Musa Muhammad Hojaifa, Ripon K. Saha, Palash Nag
Background: Chronic non-specific low-back pain (NSLBP) has become one of the main causes of disability in the adult population around the world. Therapeutic ultrasound is frequently used by physiatrists in the treatment of LBP and is one of the most widely used electro-physical agents in clinical practice. Objective: To see the effects of ultrasound therapy (UST) in the patients with chronic nonspecific low back pain. Methodology: This randomized control trial was performed in the Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation of Dhaka Medical College Hospital during the period from December 2014 to May 2015. Patients presented with chronic nonspecific LBP in an age between 18 and 55 years of both sexes attending in the Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation at Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka were included as study population. A total of 80 patients presented with chronic nonspecific LBP who had fulfilled the selection criteria were taken as study population. They were divided into two groups named as treatment group (Group A) and control group (Group B). Each group had 40 patients. During follow up 8 patients (4 patients from each group) were lost. Final analysis was done with data collected from 72 patients. Patients of group A were given UST, NSAIDS, exercises and ADL instructions whereas patients of group B were given same treatment except UST. Result: In both groups female were predominant than male. Most of the patients were in 31 – 40 years age group. Mostly housewives suffered from NSLBP. All patients were from either poor or middle-class family. Mean (±SD) duration of pain was 11.3 (±12.5) months and 11.7 (±8.7) months in group A and group B respectively. Sedentary life style and repetitive lifting are the major risk factors in both groups. Character of pain was mostly dull in both groups, severity of pain was mostly moderate and relieving factor was mostly rest in both groups. Prolonged standing and prolonged sitting were the major aggravating factors in both groups. VAS and ODI were reduced gradually in both groups. Conclusion: Ultrasound therapy has a significant role in the management of chronic nonspecific low back pain. Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, July 2021, Vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 122-125
{"title":"Effect of Ultrasound Therapy in the management of Chronic Nonspecific Low Back Pain","authors":"Aparajeya Bivab Bikash Baral, Sohely Rahman, S. Islam, Bijoya Dey Happy, Musa Muhammad Hojaifa, Ripon K. Saha, Palash Nag","doi":"10.3329/jninb.v7i2.58099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/jninb.v7i2.58099","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Chronic non-specific low-back pain (NSLBP) has become one of the main causes of disability in the adult population around the world. Therapeutic ultrasound is frequently used by physiatrists in the treatment of LBP and is one of the most widely used electro-physical agents in clinical practice. \u0000Objective: To see the effects of ultrasound therapy (UST) in the patients with chronic nonspecific low back pain. \u0000Methodology: This randomized control trial was performed in the Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation of Dhaka Medical College Hospital during the period from December 2014 to May 2015. Patients presented with chronic nonspecific LBP in an age between 18 and 55 years of both sexes attending in the Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation at Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka were included as study population. A total of 80 patients presented with chronic nonspecific LBP who had fulfilled the selection criteria were taken as study population. They were divided into two groups named as treatment group (Group A) and control group (Group B). Each group had 40 patients. During follow up 8 patients (4 patients from each group) were lost. Final analysis was done with data collected from 72 patients. Patients of group A were given UST, NSAIDS, exercises and ADL instructions whereas patients of group B were given same treatment except UST. \u0000Result: In both groups female were predominant than male. Most of the patients were in 31 – 40 years age group. Mostly housewives suffered from NSLBP. All patients were from either poor or middle-class family. Mean (±SD) duration of pain was 11.3 (±12.5) months and 11.7 (±8.7) months in group A and group B respectively. Sedentary life style and repetitive lifting are the major risk factors in both groups. Character of pain was mostly dull in both groups, severity of pain was mostly moderate and relieving factor was mostly rest in both groups. Prolonged standing and prolonged sitting were the major aggravating factors in both groups. VAS and ODI were reduced gradually in both groups. \u0000Conclusion: Ultrasound therapy has a significant role in the management of chronic nonspecific low back pain. \u0000Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, July 2021, Vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 122-125 ","PeriodicalId":16732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76487523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-06DOI: 10.3329/jninb.v7i2.58094
M. Hasan, M. Rahman, Sharmin Chowdhury, Tanvir Haidar, S. Das, K. Ahmed, A. Hasan, Mohammad A. Hossain, S. Akhter, Maliha Hakim
Background: The presentation of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may include neurological features and patients with neurological disorders may develop concomitant COVID-19 during pandemic. Hyperglycemia leads to higher propensity to COVID-19 infection with higher disease severity. Objective: To assess the neurological diagnoses, glycemic status and outcome in patients hospitalized primarily for neurological problems and subsequently diagnosed as COVID-19. Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted in National Institute of Neurosciences (NINS) & Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Patients admitted to adult Neurology ward during April to November 2020 primarily for neurological problems and diagnosed as confirmed COVID-19 (with positive RT-PCR test for COVID-19) were included. The hospital records were reviewed and recorded in a checklist. Outcome of patients referred to COVID-19 dedicated hospitals was obtained over telephone. Results: The study included 85 patients with COVID-19 [median age 60 years (IQR: 45-65); 63.5% male]. Acute ischemic stroke was the most common neurological diagnosis (32.9%), followed by acute hemorrhagic stroke and subarachnoid hemorrhage (22.4% and 15.3% respectively). Other neurological diagnoses were meningoencephalitis (7.1%), Guillain Barre Syndrome (4.7%), Myasthania Gravis (1.2%), brain abscess (1.2%) and intracranial space occupying lesion (1.2%). Fourteen percent patients had no definite neurological diagnosis, they were admitted for delirium. History of diabetes was present in 18% patients. The mortality was 27% and the proportion of mortality was significantly higher in patients known to have DM in comparison to those who were not (p=0.012). The mean age and proportion of male sex was significantly higher among those who expired. Conclusion: There is high rate of mortality in neurological patients with COVID-19 who have variable neurological diagnosis including stroke, autoimmune disease and cerebral infections. Co-existent diabetes further increases the rate of mortality. Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, July 2021, Vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 97-102
{"title":"Glycemic Status and Outcome of Neurological Patients with COVID-19 Admitted at Referral Neuroscience Institute of Bangladesh","authors":"M. Hasan, M. Rahman, Sharmin Chowdhury, Tanvir Haidar, S. Das, K. Ahmed, A. Hasan, Mohammad A. Hossain, S. Akhter, Maliha Hakim","doi":"10.3329/jninb.v7i2.58094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/jninb.v7i2.58094","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The presentation of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may include neurological features and patients with neurological disorders may develop concomitant COVID-19 during pandemic. Hyperglycemia leads to higher propensity to COVID-19 infection with higher disease severity. \u0000Objective: To assess the neurological diagnoses, glycemic status and outcome in patients hospitalized primarily for neurological problems and subsequently diagnosed as COVID-19. \u0000Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted in National Institute of Neurosciences (NINS) & Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Patients admitted to adult Neurology ward during April to November 2020 primarily for neurological problems and diagnosed as confirmed COVID-19 (with positive RT-PCR test for COVID-19) were included. The hospital records were reviewed and recorded in a checklist. Outcome of patients referred to COVID-19 dedicated hospitals was obtained over telephone. \u0000Results: The study included 85 patients with COVID-19 [median age 60 years (IQR: 45-65); 63.5% male]. Acute ischemic stroke was the most common neurological diagnosis (32.9%), followed by acute hemorrhagic stroke and subarachnoid hemorrhage (22.4% and 15.3% respectively). Other neurological diagnoses were meningoencephalitis (7.1%), Guillain Barre Syndrome (4.7%), Myasthania Gravis (1.2%), brain abscess (1.2%) and intracranial space occupying lesion (1.2%). Fourteen percent patients had no definite neurological diagnosis, they were admitted for delirium. History of diabetes was present in 18% patients. The mortality was 27% and the proportion of mortality was significantly higher in patients known to have DM in comparison to those who were not (p=0.012). The mean age and proportion of male sex was significantly higher among those who expired. \u0000Conclusion: There is high rate of mortality in neurological patients with COVID-19 who have variable neurological diagnosis including stroke, autoimmune disease and cerebral infections. Co-existent diabetes further increases the rate of mortality. \u0000Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, July 2021, Vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 97-102","PeriodicalId":16732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh","volume":"390 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78035997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-06DOI: 10.3329/jninb.v7i2.58095
F. K. Chhobi, Md. Abedin, Bijoya Dey Happy, Md Abdullah Yusuf, M. E. Hussain, R. Islam
Background: Management of the carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is very crucial for the clinical outcomes of the patients. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to assess the effectiveness of low intensity laser therapy (LILT) for the management of carpal tunnel syndrome patients. Methodology: This single centered, parallel, single blinded randomized control trial was conducted in the Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation at National Institute of Neurosciences & Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh from January 2019 to June 2019 for a period of six months. All the Nerve Conduction Study (NCS) test confirmed cases of CTS patients with the age group of more than 18 years in both male and female were selected as study population. Patients who received regular nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or corticosteroids, patients treated with therapeutic modalities before, acute wrist trauma and surgery, cervical radiculopathy, thoracic outlet syndrome, tumor or infectious diseases, pregnancy, and any serious heart, liver or kidney diseases were excluded from this study. Patients were randomly assigned into two groups designed as group A and group B. The assignment was done with single blind method. Group A underwent laser therapy (3 Joules/cm2, 50 Hz, 2 min) over the carpal tunnel area. Group B were treated with conventional method. All patients received therapy for a total of 14 sessions, first 7 sessions on consecutive 7 days, and last 7 sessions on alternate days. Patients also used a wrist splint each night, practiced therapeutic exercises for CTS, and followed ADL advices. Patients were assessed according to BCTQ, Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire. Result: Male-Female distribution was 9% & 91% respectively. Total score of SSS was 26.35±5.94 and 13.70±1.78 in baseline and after 6 weeks follow up respectively (p < 0.001) in group A. In group B, total score of SSS was 28.19 ±7.35 and 18.22 ± 5.63 in baseline and after 6 weeks follow up respectively (p < 0.001). In group A, FSS was initially 18.1, which was improved to 9.15 in 6 weeks; whereas in group B, FSS was improved from 18.86 to 11.25. The pain, numbness and paresthesia also significantly changed after 6 weeks follow up in laser therapy group. Conclusion: Low intensity laser therapy has superior clinical effectiveness at 6 weeks compared with night-resting splints in mild or moderate CTS. Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, July 2021, Vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 103-107
{"title":"Efficacy of Low Intensity Laser Therapy for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: Experience of 54 Cases in Bangladesh","authors":"F. K. Chhobi, Md. Abedin, Bijoya Dey Happy, Md Abdullah Yusuf, M. E. Hussain, R. Islam","doi":"10.3329/jninb.v7i2.58095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/jninb.v7i2.58095","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Management of the carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is very crucial for the clinical outcomes of the patients. \u0000Objective: The purpose of the present study was to assess the effectiveness of low intensity laser therapy (LILT) for the management of carpal tunnel syndrome patients. \u0000Methodology: This single centered, parallel, single blinded randomized control trial was conducted in the Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation at National Institute of Neurosciences & Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh from January 2019 to June 2019 for a period of six months. All the Nerve Conduction Study (NCS) test confirmed cases of CTS patients with the age group of more than 18 years in both male and female were selected as study population. Patients who received regular nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or corticosteroids, patients treated with therapeutic modalities before, acute wrist trauma and surgery, cervical radiculopathy, thoracic outlet syndrome, tumor or infectious diseases, pregnancy, and any serious heart, liver or kidney diseases were excluded from this study. Patients were randomly assigned into two groups designed as group A and group B. The assignment was done with single blind method. Group A underwent laser therapy (3 Joules/cm2, 50 Hz, 2 min) over the carpal tunnel area. Group B were treated with conventional method. All patients received therapy for a total of 14 sessions, first 7 sessions on consecutive 7 days, and last 7 sessions on alternate days. Patients also used a wrist splint each night, practiced therapeutic exercises for CTS, and followed ADL advices. Patients were assessed according to BCTQ, Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire. \u0000Result: Male-Female distribution was 9% & 91% respectively. Total score of SSS was 26.35±5.94 and 13.70±1.78 in baseline and after 6 weeks follow up respectively (p < 0.001) in group A. In group B, total score of SSS was 28.19 ±7.35 and 18.22 ± 5.63 in baseline and after 6 weeks follow up respectively (p < 0.001). In group A, FSS was initially 18.1, which was improved to 9.15 in 6 weeks; whereas in group B, FSS was improved from 18.86 to 11.25. The pain, numbness and paresthesia also significantly changed after 6 weeks follow up in laser therapy group. \u0000Conclusion: Low intensity laser therapy has superior clinical effectiveness at 6 weeks compared with night-resting splints in mild or moderate CTS. \u0000Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, July 2021, Vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 103-107 ","PeriodicalId":16732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80795910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-06DOI: 10.3329/jninb.v7i2.58111
S. Akter, Md Shahadat Hossain Khan, K. Khatun, S. Nahar, S. Akter
Background: Post-partum haemorrhage condition is a serious condition after delivery. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to see the efficacy and safety of misoprostol for the prevention of post-partum haemorrhage. Methodology: This analytic cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics at Mymensingh Medical College Hospital (MMCH), Mymensingh, Bangladesh from January 2006 to June 2006 for a period of six months. Pregnant women who were admitted in MMCH during the above period and were expected to have vaginal delivery and women at term with singleton pregnancy were included as study population. Women were divided into 2 groups. Women were in the group A who were treated with misoprostol and women who were treated with oxytocin were in group B. Blood loss during delivery was estimated subjectively by the attending obstetrician. Results: A total number of 100 women were recruited for this study of which 50 women were in the group A and the rest of 50 women were in group B. In this study majority of the patients were belonged to age group 20 to 25 years in both the groups. In oxytocin group 2.0% have developed nausea, 4.0% patients have developed shivering. None have developed vomiting, diarrhoea, temperature. In misoprostol group 10.0% patients have developed nausea, 18.0% patients have developed shivering, 4.0% patients have developed rise of temperature, none have developed diarrhoea, vomiting. The differences were statistically significant. In this study 4.0% patients from oxytocin group and 2.0% patient from misoprostol group required blood transfusion. Conclusion: In conclusion less amount of blood loss is found in misoprostol group than oxytocin group. Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, July 2021, Vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 152-155
{"title":"Efficacy and Safety of Misoprostol for Prevention of Post-Partum Haemorrhage: A Comparative Study","authors":"S. Akter, Md Shahadat Hossain Khan, K. Khatun, S. Nahar, S. Akter","doi":"10.3329/jninb.v7i2.58111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/jninb.v7i2.58111","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Post-partum haemorrhage condition is a serious condition after delivery. \u0000Objective: The purpose of the present study was to see the efficacy and safety of misoprostol for the prevention of post-partum haemorrhage. \u0000Methodology: This analytic cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics at Mymensingh Medical College Hospital (MMCH), Mymensingh, Bangladesh from January 2006 to June 2006 for a period of six months. Pregnant women who were admitted in MMCH during the above period and were expected to have vaginal delivery and women at term with singleton pregnancy were included as study population. Women were divided into 2 groups. Women were in the group A who were treated with misoprostol and women who were treated with oxytocin were in group B. Blood loss during delivery was estimated subjectively by the attending obstetrician. \u0000Results: A total number of 100 women were recruited for this study of which 50 women were in the group A and the rest of 50 women were in group B. In this study majority of the patients were belonged to age group 20 to 25 years in both the groups. In oxytocin group 2.0% have developed nausea, 4.0% patients have developed shivering. None have developed vomiting, diarrhoea, temperature. In misoprostol group 10.0% patients have developed nausea, 18.0% patients have developed shivering, 4.0% patients have developed rise of temperature, none have developed diarrhoea, vomiting. The differences were statistically significant. In this study 4.0% patients from oxytocin group and 2.0% patient from misoprostol group required blood transfusion. \u0000Conclusion: In conclusion less amount of blood loss is found in misoprostol group than oxytocin group. \u0000Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, July 2021, Vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 152-155 ","PeriodicalId":16732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83553734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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