Pub Date : 2022-02-06DOI: 10.3329/jninb.v7i2.58100
Shahjada Mohammad Dastegir Khan, S. Walida, Abul Kalam Mohammed Shoab, Muhammad Abdul Momen Khan, Sakhawat Hossain, Md Shaheen Wadud, K. Hossain
Background: Drug prophylaxis of migraine is a safe and effective way of reducing the attack of headache frequency and the economic burden of migraine. Several drugs have been shown to be efficacious in double-blind placebo-controlled trials. Many patients avoid the regular intake of prophylactic drugs because of fear about the side effects, tolerance and addiction. Another reason for the low acceptance of migraine prophylaxis is that the efficacy of most drugs is limited and the burden of treatment cost. In this study two effective drugs, Amitriptyline and Sodium valproate are evaluated regarding their safety and efficacy. This study shows the comparative effectiveness, safety of both drugs and withdraw all the misconception about the prophylactic treatment of migraine among the patients and improve their life style adjustment and reduce the economic burden of the society. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to observe and compare the efficacy of Sodium Valproate and Amitriptyline in the prophylactic management of migraine patients. Methodology: This experimental study was carried out in the Department of Neurology at Sir Salimullah Medical College & Mitford Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period from January 2013 to December 2013. A total of 120 patients with migraine were selected of which 60 were treated with Amitriptyline (Group-A) and another 60 were treated with Sodium Volproate (Group-B). Both groups were observed for 6 months and the improvement of headache regarding frequency, severity and duration of episodes of headache was recorded in every 2 months follow up. Adverse effect of the drugs also monitored in both group. Result: Out of 120 patients the mean age was 32±8.64years and 34.23±8.09 in group-A and group-B respectively (p=0.147). There were 23 (38.3%) male and 37 (61.7%) female in group-A; whereas 17 (28.3%) male and 43 (71.7%) female in group-B (p=0.245). Thus the study was an age and sex matched study. It was observed that one third 20(33.3%) patients were house wife’s in group-A and 24(40.0%) in group-B. The difference was not statistically significant (p>0.05) between two groups. Frequency of attack per month before treatment was 6.25±5.21 in group-A and 7.80±4.1 in group-B. Frequency of attack per month after 2 months treatment was 4.30±4.14 and 6.19±4.10 in group-A and group-B respectively. Frequency of attack per month after 4 months treatment was 3.78±2.53 in group-A and 4.89±2.83 in group-B. Frequency of attack per month after 6 months treatment was 1.70±1.42 in group-A and 3.1±1.98 in group-B. Frequency of attack per month after 2, 4 and 6 months treatment was statistically significant (p<0.05) between two groups. It was observed that majority (88.3%) patients were improved headache in group-A and 23(38.3%) in group-B. The difference was statistically significant (p<0.05) between two groups. Conclusion: The pain intensity score is significantly decline in patients who received amitriptyline after
{"title":"Sodium Valproate versus Amitriptyline in the Prophylactic Treatment of Migraine","authors":"Shahjada Mohammad Dastegir Khan, S. Walida, Abul Kalam Mohammed Shoab, Muhammad Abdul Momen Khan, Sakhawat Hossain, Md Shaheen Wadud, K. Hossain","doi":"10.3329/jninb.v7i2.58100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/jninb.v7i2.58100","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Drug prophylaxis of migraine is a safe and effective way of reducing the attack of headache frequency and the economic burden of migraine. Several drugs have been shown to be efficacious in double-blind placebo-controlled trials. Many patients avoid the regular intake of prophylactic drugs because of fear about the side effects, tolerance and addiction. Another reason for the low acceptance of migraine prophylaxis is that the efficacy of most drugs is limited and the burden of treatment cost. In this study two effective drugs, Amitriptyline and Sodium valproate are evaluated regarding their safety and efficacy. This study shows the comparative effectiveness, safety of both drugs and withdraw all the misconception about the prophylactic treatment of migraine among the patients and improve their life style adjustment and reduce the economic burden of the society. \u0000Objective: The purpose of the present study was to observe and compare the efficacy of Sodium Valproate and Amitriptyline in the prophylactic management of migraine patients. \u0000Methodology: This experimental study was carried out in the Department of Neurology at Sir Salimullah Medical College & Mitford Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period from January 2013 to December 2013. A total of 120 patients with migraine were selected of which 60 were treated with Amitriptyline (Group-A) and another 60 were treated with Sodium Volproate (Group-B). Both groups were observed for 6 months and the improvement of headache regarding frequency, severity and duration of episodes of headache was recorded in every 2 months follow up. Adverse effect of the drugs also monitored in both group. \u0000Result: Out of 120 patients the mean age was 32±8.64years and 34.23±8.09 in group-A and group-B respectively (p=0.147). There were 23 (38.3%) male and 37 (61.7%) female in group-A; whereas 17 (28.3%) male and 43 (71.7%) female in group-B (p=0.245). Thus the study was an age and sex matched study. It was observed that one third 20(33.3%) patients were house wife’s in group-A and 24(40.0%) in group-B. The difference was not statistically significant (p>0.05) between two groups. Frequency of attack per month before treatment was 6.25±5.21 in group-A and 7.80±4.1 in group-B. Frequency of attack per month after 2 months treatment was 4.30±4.14 and 6.19±4.10 in group-A and group-B respectively. Frequency of attack per month after 4 months treatment was 3.78±2.53 in group-A and 4.89±2.83 in group-B. Frequency of attack per month after 6 months treatment was 1.70±1.42 in group-A and 3.1±1.98 in group-B. Frequency of attack per month after 2, 4 and 6 months treatment was statistically significant (p<0.05) between two groups. It was observed that majority (88.3%) patients were improved headache in group-A and 23(38.3%) in group-B. The difference was statistically significant (p<0.05) between two groups. \u0000Conclusion: The pain intensity score is significantly decline in patients who received amitriptyline after ","PeriodicalId":16732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh","volume":"161 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72913660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-06DOI: 10.3329/jninb.v7i2.58113
Khurshida Samad, Md Nazrul Islam Chowdhury, Kazi Nishat Ara Begum, I. Ahmed, Touhid Uddin Rupom, Md Saheduzzaman
Background: Rapid urease test and stool antigen test are both important diagnostic tools for the detection of Helicobacter pylori infection among peptic ulcer disease patients. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to compare the detection capacity of Helicobacter pylori infection with stool antigen test by comparing with rapid urease test among peptic ulcer disease patients. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Clinical Pathology with the collaboration of Department of Gastroenterology at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh from October 2011 to September 2012 for a period of one year. All the clinically suspected Helicobactor pylori infected peptic ulcer patients attending in the Department of Gastroenterology at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) for upper GI endoscopy were selected as study population. Stool antigen test for Helicobactor pylori specific antigen from stool sample was done with “ABON-One Step Helicobactor pylori antigen test device”. Endoscopy of upper GIT was performed in the Department of Gastroenterology. Biopsy taken during endoscopy for RUT. Rapid urease test (RUT) of endoscopic biopsy was performed. Result: A total 86 patients were recruited for this study. The mean (±SD) age was found 38.53(±10.40) years. Out of 86 patients 76 cases were SAT positive and 10 cases were negative. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive values and negative predictive values and accuracy of SAT with RUT are 85.53%, 90.0%, 98.48%, 45.0%, 86.05% respectively. The area under the curve was 0.283 with the lower and upper limits of 95% confidence interval of 0.133 and 0.432. This was statistically significant (p=0.003). Conclusion: In conclusion the stool antigen test is an effective method for the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection. Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, July 2021, Vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 161-164
{"title":"Detection Capacity of Helicobacter pylori Infection by Stool Antigen Test Comparing with Rapid Urease Test among Peptic Ulcer Disease Patients","authors":"Khurshida Samad, Md Nazrul Islam Chowdhury, Kazi Nishat Ara Begum, I. Ahmed, Touhid Uddin Rupom, Md Saheduzzaman","doi":"10.3329/jninb.v7i2.58113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/jninb.v7i2.58113","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Rapid urease test and stool antigen test are both important diagnostic tools for the detection of Helicobacter pylori infection among peptic ulcer disease patients. \u0000Objective: The purpose of the present study was to compare the detection capacity of Helicobacter pylori infection with stool antigen test by comparing with rapid urease test among peptic ulcer disease patients. \u0000Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Clinical Pathology with the collaboration of Department of Gastroenterology at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh from October 2011 to September 2012 for a period of one year. All the clinically suspected Helicobactor pylori infected peptic ulcer patients attending in the Department of Gastroenterology at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) for upper GI endoscopy were selected as study population. Stool antigen test for Helicobactor pylori specific antigen from stool sample was done with “ABON-One Step Helicobactor pylori antigen test device”. Endoscopy of upper GIT was performed in the Department of Gastroenterology. Biopsy taken during endoscopy for RUT. Rapid urease test (RUT) of endoscopic biopsy was performed. \u0000Result: A total 86 patients were recruited for this study. The mean (±SD) age was found 38.53(±10.40) years. Out of 86 patients 76 cases were SAT positive and 10 cases were negative. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive values and negative predictive values and accuracy of SAT with RUT are 85.53%, 90.0%, 98.48%, 45.0%, 86.05% respectively. The area under the curve was 0.283 with the lower and upper limits of 95% confidence interval of 0.133 and 0.432. This was statistically significant (p=0.003). \u0000Conclusion: In conclusion the stool antigen test is an effective method for the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection. \u0000Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, July 2021, Vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 161-164","PeriodicalId":16732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh","volume":"1129 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73351431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-06DOI: 10.3329/jninb.v7i2.58097
Rokshana Ahmed, Shaifur Ahmed, Md Abdul Alim, Z. Haque, Noor e Ferdous, M. N. Nahar
Background: Diagnosis of clinical staging is very crucial for the management of cervical carcinoma. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the MRI and clinical staging of IIA and IIB cervical carcinoma. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Department of Radiology & Imaging at Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh with the collaboration of Obstetrics and Gynecology unit as well as the Department of Pathology of Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, Bangladesh from July 2010 to June 2012 for a period of two years. All patients with MRI examination who had given the written permission for the use of their data for research purposes at the time of their scan were selected as study population. The cervix and vagina were visually inspected for superficial evidence of the extent of tumor. Biopsied were not routinely performed since patients were usually referred only after a biopsy and had confirmed the diagnosis of invasive carcinoma. Assessments of the extent of tumor, parametrial extension, lymph nodes were evaluated. Then the findings of MRI clinical examination, surgical findings and histopathological reports were recorded on a preformed data sheet. Finally, the diagnostic effectiveness of MRI staging and clinical FIGO staging were evaluated against the surgico-histopathological reports. Result: A total number of 30 patients were recruited for this study. The mean age with SD of the study population were 57.82±13.34 years. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy of MRI of the detection of IIA of cervical carcinoma was 80.0%, 100.0%, 100.0%, 90.9% and 93.33% respectively. However, the sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy of clinical examination of the detection of IIA of cervical carcinoma was 84.34%, 63.86%, 84.87%, 45.86% and 67.44% respectively. Conclusion: In conclusion the diagnostic validity of MRI for the detection of carcinoma cervix stage IIA is better than clinical examination. Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, July 2021, Vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 113-117
{"title":"MRI Evaluation of Cervical Carcinoma Stage II at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Dhaka City","authors":"Rokshana Ahmed, Shaifur Ahmed, Md Abdul Alim, Z. Haque, Noor e Ferdous, M. N. Nahar","doi":"10.3329/jninb.v7i2.58097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/jninb.v7i2.58097","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Diagnosis of clinical staging is very crucial for the management of cervical carcinoma. \u0000Objective: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the MRI and clinical staging of IIA and IIB cervical carcinoma. \u0000Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Department of Radiology & Imaging at Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh with the collaboration of Obstetrics and Gynecology unit as well as the Department of Pathology of Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, Bangladesh from July 2010 to June 2012 for a period of two years. All patients with MRI examination who had given the written permission for the use of their data for research purposes at the time of their scan were selected as study population. The cervix and vagina were visually inspected for superficial evidence of the extent of tumor. Biopsied were not routinely performed since patients were usually referred only after a biopsy and had confirmed the diagnosis of invasive carcinoma. Assessments of the extent of tumor, parametrial extension, lymph nodes were evaluated. Then the findings of MRI clinical examination, surgical findings and histopathological reports were recorded on a preformed data sheet. Finally, the diagnostic effectiveness of MRI staging and clinical FIGO staging were evaluated against the surgico-histopathological reports. \u0000Result: A total number of 30 patients were recruited for this study. The mean age with SD of the study population were 57.82±13.34 years. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy of MRI of the detection of IIA of cervical carcinoma was 80.0%, 100.0%, 100.0%, 90.9% and 93.33% respectively. However, the sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy of clinical examination of the detection of IIA of cervical carcinoma was 84.34%, 63.86%, 84.87%, 45.86% and 67.44% respectively. \u0000Conclusion: In conclusion the diagnostic validity of MRI for the detection of carcinoma cervix stage IIA is better than clinical examination. \u0000Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, July 2021, Vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 113-117","PeriodicalId":16732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh","volume":"437 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77816057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Seroprevalance of diphtheria antibody may vary in different socioeconomic people. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to determine the seroprevalence of diphtheria IgG antibody and to identify the relationship between diphtheria seroprevalence and several sociodemographic characteristics. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology at Sylhet MAG Osmani Medical College, Sylhet, Bangladesh from July 2016 to June 2017 for duration of one year. Apparently healthy individuals were enrolled in this study as study population by following a set of inclusion and exclusion criteria. For laboratory procedure, anti-diphtheria antibody titer was measured by ELISA method. Result: A total number of 200 healthy individuals were recruited for this study. The mean serum IgG level was 0.23±0.26 IU/mL in participants of aged between 18 to 25 years which was much lesser in participants of aged between 26 to 32 years and 33 to 38 years group (p=0.001). Mean serum IgG level was 0.12±0.12 IU/mL in male participants. Majority participants have been come from lower middle class having mean serum IgG level of 0.10±0.21 IU/mL. Conclusion: In conclusion diphtheria IgG level is most commonly found among young male adult person in upper middle class socioecomonic condition. Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, July 2021, Vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 156-160
{"title":"Seroprevalence of Diphtheria IgG Antibody in Relation with Socio-demographic Change at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Bangladesh","authors":"Khandaker Md Tasnim Sajid, P. Das, Tarana Jahan, Shib Prasad Sinha, Toufique Tania Prity, Md Arifur Rahman, Siddika Khatun","doi":"10.3329/jninb.v7i2.58112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/jninb.v7i2.58112","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Seroprevalance of diphtheria antibody may vary in different socioeconomic people. \u0000Objective: The purpose of the present study was to determine the seroprevalence of diphtheria IgG antibody and to identify the relationship between diphtheria seroprevalence and several sociodemographic characteristics. \u0000Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology at Sylhet MAG Osmani Medical College, Sylhet, Bangladesh from July 2016 to June 2017 for duration of one year. Apparently healthy individuals were enrolled in this study as study population by following a set of inclusion and exclusion criteria. For laboratory procedure, anti-diphtheria antibody titer was measured by ELISA method. \u0000Result: A total number of 200 healthy individuals were recruited for this study. The mean serum IgG level was 0.23±0.26 IU/mL in participants of aged between 18 to 25 years which was much lesser in participants of aged between 26 to 32 years and 33 to 38 years group (p=0.001). Mean serum IgG level was 0.12±0.12 IU/mL in male participants. Majority participants have been come from lower middle class having mean serum IgG level of 0.10±0.21 IU/mL. \u0000Conclusion: In conclusion diphtheria IgG level is most commonly found among young male adult person in upper middle class socioecomonic condition. \u0000Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, July 2021, Vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 156-160 ","PeriodicalId":16732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87291986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-06DOI: 10.3329/jninb.v7i2.58116
Shoheli Alam, K. Islam, N. Mahammad, Umme Habiba Dilshad Munmun, Md Nowfel Islam
Background: The most common paediatric disorder among boy is undescended testis (UDT) which is usually identified during birth and these patients require proper treatment at the appropriate time due to increased risk of torsion, infertility, testicular cancer and associated inguinal hernia(>90%) as well as for cosmetic purposes. Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine side, palpability, age at presentation, associated anomalies and treatment plan in our institution. Methodology: This retrospective study was carried out in the department of Paediatric Surgery of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh from January 2017 to June 2019. Results: In this study 1.08% (213 children had UDT out of total paediatric outdoor 19803 patients) boys had UDT. They were aged from 7 months to 15 years (mean 5.61±3.81 years) at presentation. Only 16 (7.5%) patients presented within the 1 years of age in this study. 51.8% of patients presented at the age of >1yrs-5yrs. > 5yrs-10yrs of age was 33.5% cases and 13.6% of patients presented as late as 10yrs to 15 yrs. Unilateral UDT was found in 184 (86.4%) patients and bilateral was in 29(13.6%) patients. Right- sided unilateral UDT was in 112(52.6%) patients, left -sided unilateral UDT was in 72 (33.8%) patients. Palpable testis was found in 178(83.6%) patients and non-palpable found in 35(16.4%) patients. Associated anomalies of UDT were seen in 64(30%) patients. Hypospaedias was in 19(08%) patients and intersex disorders were in 15 (07%) patients. Orchidopexy was done in 192(90.1%) cases and orchidectomy was done only in 4(1.9%) cases. No testis was found in17 (08%) cases. Conclusion: UDT is one of the commonest disorders of paediatric age group. Very important issue is the early diagnosis and treatment of this anomaly. To treat the UDT in proper time help to optimize testicular function, earlier diagnosis of testicular malignancy, give cosmetic benefits and to prevent complications such as a clinical hernia or torsion. Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, July 2021, Vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 173-176
{"title":"Clinico-demographic Characteristics, Associated Anomalies and Treatment Profiles of Children presented with Undescended Testis at Medical University of Bangladesh","authors":"Shoheli Alam, K. Islam, N. Mahammad, Umme Habiba Dilshad Munmun, Md Nowfel Islam","doi":"10.3329/jninb.v7i2.58116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/jninb.v7i2.58116","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The most common paediatric disorder among boy is undescended testis (UDT) which is usually identified during birth and these patients require proper treatment at the appropriate time due to increased risk of torsion, infertility, testicular cancer and associated inguinal hernia(>90%) as well as for cosmetic purposes. \u0000Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine side, palpability, age at presentation, associated anomalies and treatment plan in our institution. \u0000Methodology: This retrospective study was carried out in the department of Paediatric Surgery of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh from January 2017 to June 2019. \u0000Results: In this study 1.08% (213 children had UDT out of total paediatric outdoor 19803 patients) boys had UDT. They were aged from 7 months to 15 years (mean 5.61±3.81 years) at presentation. Only 16 (7.5%) patients presented within the 1 years of age in this study. 51.8% of patients presented at the age of >1yrs-5yrs. > 5yrs-10yrs of age was 33.5% cases and 13.6% of patients presented as late as 10yrs to 15 yrs. Unilateral UDT was found in 184 (86.4%) patients and bilateral was in 29(13.6%) patients. Right- sided unilateral UDT was in 112(52.6%) patients, left -sided unilateral UDT was in 72 (33.8%) patients. Palpable testis was found in 178(83.6%) patients and non-palpable found in 35(16.4%) patients. Associated anomalies of UDT were seen in 64(30%) patients. Hypospaedias was in 19(08%) patients and intersex disorders were in 15 (07%) patients. Orchidopexy was done in 192(90.1%) cases and orchidectomy was done only in 4(1.9%) cases. No testis was found in17 (08%) cases. \u0000Conclusion: UDT is one of the commonest disorders of paediatric age group. Very important issue is the early diagnosis and treatment of this anomaly. To treat the UDT in proper time help to optimize testicular function, earlier diagnosis of testicular malignancy, give cosmetic benefits and to prevent complications such as a clinical hernia or torsion. \u0000Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, July 2021, Vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 173-176","PeriodicalId":16732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh","volume":"75 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81205293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-06DOI: 10.3329/jninb.v7i2.58114
Zobaida Sultana Susan, Surayea Bulbul, A. Nayeem
Background: Timing of insertion, counseling, provider training and institutional support are critical factors for intrauterine contraceptive devices (IUCD) use during the postpartum period. Objective: The objective of the study was to determine the rate of acceptation, discontinuation, expulsion, infection and displacement of PPIUCD after vaginal delivery and cesarean section along with other complications among the study population. Methodology: This was a prospective observational study done in Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College and Hospital from July 2015 to June 2016 among the pregnant women who delivered healthy baby by normal vaginal delivery and cesarean section. Data was collected by a structured questionnaire. Women who gave informed consent and who gave birth of healthy baby without complications were included. Women who had premature ruptured membrane with chorioamnionitis, pelvic inflammatory disease intrauterine fetal death or who did not give consent were excluded. Result: In this study, only 8.4% gave consent for this method, 77.1% had regular follow up after this method. Only 5.05% had removal and 1.8% had spontaneous expulsion. 10.5% had lower abdominal pain and 4.13% had per vaginal bleeding after this method. Conclusion: This study showed that post-partum intrauterine contraceptive devices insertion rate is low even in a tertiary center, which means, there is a lot of space for counseling the target population in our country. On the contrary, follow up rate was quite high which means that people are being concerned about this health care service. Similarly, the removal rate was also satisfying with minimum expulsion rate. Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, July 2021, Vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 165-168
{"title":"Status of Postpartum Intra Uterine Contraceptive Device in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Dhaka","authors":"Zobaida Sultana Susan, Surayea Bulbul, A. Nayeem","doi":"10.3329/jninb.v7i2.58114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/jninb.v7i2.58114","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Timing of insertion, counseling, provider training and institutional support are critical factors for intrauterine contraceptive devices (IUCD) use during the postpartum period. \u0000Objective: The objective of the study was to determine the rate of acceptation, discontinuation, expulsion, infection and displacement of PPIUCD after vaginal delivery and cesarean section along with other complications among the study population. \u0000Methodology: This was a prospective observational study done in Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College and Hospital from July 2015 to June 2016 among the pregnant women who delivered healthy baby by normal vaginal delivery and cesarean section. Data was collected by a structured questionnaire. Women who gave informed consent and who gave birth of healthy baby without complications were included. Women who had premature ruptured membrane with chorioamnionitis, pelvic inflammatory disease intrauterine fetal death or who did not give consent were excluded. \u0000Result: In this study, only 8.4% gave consent for this method, 77.1% had regular follow up after this method. Only 5.05% had removal and 1.8% had spontaneous expulsion. 10.5% had lower abdominal pain and 4.13% had per vaginal bleeding after this method. \u0000Conclusion: This study showed that post-partum intrauterine contraceptive devices insertion rate is low even in a tertiary center, which means, there is a lot of space for counseling the target population in our country. On the contrary, follow up rate was quite high which means that people are being concerned about this health care service. Similarly, the removal rate was also satisfying with minimum expulsion rate. \u0000Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, July 2021, Vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 165-168","PeriodicalId":16732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81302436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-06DOI: 10.3329/jninb.v7i2.58117
Bhuiyan Mohammad Mahtab Uddin, Faria Akhand, Sumia Bari, S. E. Suchi, R. Saha, M. U. Ahmed
Background: Acinetobacter baumannii is one of the significant pathogens to cause healthcare-associated infections worldwide. It is difficult to control and the infections caused by it are difficult to treat, because it is multidrug resistant. Objective: This study was conducted to determine the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance pattern of Acinetobacter baumannii at Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh over a 12 months period. Methodology: This retrospective study was carried out over a period of one year from July 2014 to June 2015 in the department of Microbiology at Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of the isolates was performed by the disk diffusion method as recommended by Clinical Laboratory and Standards Institute CLSI. Results: Non duplicate 28 A. baumannii were isolated out of a total 191 pathogenic Gram negative isolates (14.66% prevalence). The most frequently isolated A. baumannii was from ICU patients (75%) followed by inpatients (18%) and outpatients (7%). Most of the isolates were recovered from tracheal aspirates (75%). The resistance rates were higher than most of the internationally reported levels. Cephalosporins, aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones and even carbapenems are becoming practically ineffective, where the colistin elicited the highest susceptibility levels. Conclusion: This study has guided the empirical therapy and suggest that surveillance of antimicrobial resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii is necessary. Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, July 2021, Vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 177-180
{"title":"Prevalence and Resistance Profile of Acinetobacter baumannii Isolated from Clinical Specimens at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Bangladesh","authors":"Bhuiyan Mohammad Mahtab Uddin, Faria Akhand, Sumia Bari, S. E. Suchi, R. Saha, M. U. Ahmed","doi":"10.3329/jninb.v7i2.58117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/jninb.v7i2.58117","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Acinetobacter baumannii is one of the significant pathogens to cause healthcare-associated infections worldwide. It is difficult to control and the infections caused by it are difficult to treat, because it is multidrug resistant. \u0000Objective: This study was conducted to determine the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance pattern of Acinetobacter baumannii at Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh over a 12 months period. \u0000Methodology: This retrospective study was carried out over a period of one year from July 2014 to June 2015 in the department of Microbiology at Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of the isolates was performed by the disk diffusion method as recommended by Clinical Laboratory and Standards Institute CLSI. \u0000Results: Non duplicate 28 A. baumannii were isolated out of a total 191 pathogenic Gram negative isolates (14.66% prevalence). The most frequently isolated A. baumannii was from ICU patients (75%) followed by inpatients (18%) and outpatients (7%). Most of the isolates were recovered from tracheal aspirates (75%). The resistance rates were higher than most of the internationally reported levels. Cephalosporins, aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones and even carbapenems are becoming practically ineffective, where the colistin elicited the highest susceptibility levels. \u0000Conclusion: This study has guided the empirical therapy and suggest that surveillance of antimicrobial resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii is necessary. \u0000Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, July 2021, Vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 177-180 ","PeriodicalId":16732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89394113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-06DOI: 10.3329/jninb.v7i2.58118
Narendra Kumar, T. Yasmin, M. Appasamy, S. Ahsan, KM Masud Rana, S. K. Das, R. Kumar, Z. Rahman, A. Chanda, Md Shafiul Alam
Stereotactic Radiosurgery has been widely utilized for the treatment of intracranial lesions, and this paper presents our experience in treating schwannomas in Bangladesh. This case series was described to present our institutional experience and procedural technique adapted for treating intracranial schwannomas using stereotactic Radiosurgery (SRS) by Linear accelerators. This case series since starting our radiosurgery program in March 2019, we have treated three patients of intracranial schwannoma. Two patients had vestibular schwannoma, and one had Trigeminal Schwannoma. All three patients first underwent surgical intervention and on recurrence/progression treated with stereotactic Radiosurgery. Tumor volume ranged from 4.47 to 10.22 cm3. The dose prescription ranges from 13 to 14Gy in one or two fractions, which was subject to tumor volume, its proximity to a critical structure, existing neurologic deficit, and optimal balance between prescribed dose and predicted complications. All three procedure was free of any immediate adverse event. LINAC based Stereotactic Radiosurgery was found to be a safe and effective option for the treatment of schwannomas. All three patients have a very good clinical outcome, and one patient who has more than one-year post-SRS revealed a significant regression in the size of the tumor. Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, July 2021, Vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 181-189
{"title":"First Few Cases of Intracranial Schwannoma treated with LINAC-based Stereotactic Radiosurgery in Bangladesh","authors":"Narendra Kumar, T. Yasmin, M. Appasamy, S. Ahsan, KM Masud Rana, S. K. Das, R. Kumar, Z. Rahman, A. Chanda, Md Shafiul Alam","doi":"10.3329/jninb.v7i2.58118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/jninb.v7i2.58118","url":null,"abstract":"Stereotactic Radiosurgery has been widely utilized for the treatment of intracranial lesions, and this paper presents our experience in treating schwannomas in Bangladesh. This case series was described to present our institutional experience and procedural technique adapted for treating intracranial schwannomas using stereotactic Radiosurgery (SRS) by Linear accelerators. This case series since starting our radiosurgery program in March 2019, we have treated three patients of intracranial schwannoma. Two patients had vestibular schwannoma, and one had Trigeminal Schwannoma. All three patients first underwent surgical intervention and on recurrence/progression treated with stereotactic Radiosurgery. Tumor volume ranged from 4.47 to 10.22 cm3. The dose prescription ranges from 13 to 14Gy in one or two fractions, which was subject to tumor volume, its proximity to a critical structure, existing neurologic deficit, and optimal balance between prescribed dose and predicted complications. All three procedure was free of any immediate adverse event. LINAC based Stereotactic Radiosurgery was found to be a safe and effective option for the treatment of schwannomas. All three patients have a very good clinical outcome, and one patient who has more than one-year post-SRS revealed a significant regression in the size of the tumor. \u0000Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, July 2021, Vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 181-189","PeriodicalId":16732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87494755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-06DOI: 10.3329/jninb.v7i2.58096
M. Chandra, N. Saha, P. Sarkar, Most Samsun Nahar Sumi, Shyamal Sarker, Md Nazmul Haque, Banita Mistry
Background: West Syndrome (WS) consist of a triad of epileptic spasms, hypsarrhythmia on EEG and arrest or regression of psychomotor development. Although ACTH has been found to be effective in the treatment of WS, questions remain regarding the optimum dosage, type of ACTH, duration of therapy, and its comparative efficacy with other treatment options. Objective: To assess the response and outcome of treatment with moderate dose (100 IU/m2) ACTH in children of west syndrome. Methodology: This was a prospective observational study and done over 1-year period (July 2017 to June 2018) in Pediatric Neurology OPD, National Institute of Neuroscience and Hospital (NINS&H), Dhaka among the patients with West syndrome. All study participants were treated with moderate dose ACTH (100 unit/m2) (I/M) and treatment completed within 12 weeks. Patients were followed up at 2, 4, 6 and 12 WKs of treatment. Results: Total 52 cases were for enrolled. In this study it was found that complete cessation of spasm 21/50 (42%), ≥50% reduction of spasm 12/50 (24%), <50% reduction of spasm 8/50 (16%) and non-responder 9/50 (18%). At the end point of 12 weeks observation resolution of hypsarrhythmia occurred in 19/50 (38%) cases. About 78.0% patients developed any kind of the adverse effect. Conclusion: Moderate dose ACTH is effective in cessation of spasm and resolution of hypsarrhythmia in the studied children. Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, July 2021, Vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 108-112
{"title":"Response and Outcome of Moderate Dose Adrenocorticotropic Hormone in the Treatment of West Syndrome","authors":"M. Chandra, N. Saha, P. Sarkar, Most Samsun Nahar Sumi, Shyamal Sarker, Md Nazmul Haque, Banita Mistry","doi":"10.3329/jninb.v7i2.58096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/jninb.v7i2.58096","url":null,"abstract":"Background: West Syndrome (WS) consist of a triad of epileptic spasms, hypsarrhythmia on EEG and arrest or regression of psychomotor development. Although ACTH has been found to be effective in the treatment of WS, questions remain regarding the optimum dosage, type of ACTH, duration of therapy, and its comparative efficacy with other treatment options. \u0000Objective: To assess the response and outcome of treatment with moderate dose (100 IU/m2) ACTH in children of west syndrome. \u0000Methodology: This was a prospective observational study and done over 1-year period (July 2017 to June 2018) in Pediatric Neurology OPD, National Institute of Neuroscience and Hospital (NINS&H), Dhaka among the patients with West syndrome. All study participants were treated with moderate dose ACTH (100 unit/m2) (I/M) and treatment completed within 12 weeks. Patients were followed up at 2, 4, 6 and 12 WKs of treatment. \u0000Results: Total 52 cases were for enrolled. In this study it was found that complete cessation of spasm 21/50 (42%), ≥50% reduction of spasm 12/50 (24%), <50% reduction of spasm 8/50 (16%) and non-responder 9/50 (18%). At the end point of 12 weeks observation resolution of hypsarrhythmia occurred in 19/50 (38%) cases. About 78.0% patients developed any kind of the adverse effect. \u0000Conclusion: Moderate dose ACTH is effective in cessation of spasm and resolution of hypsarrhythmia in the studied children. \u0000Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, July 2021, Vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 108-112 ","PeriodicalId":16732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78595558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-06DOI: 10.3329/jninb.v7i2.58115
R. Khanam, G. Ara, J. Dhar, Nasreen Haque
Background: Preterm caesarean section gives different perinatal outcomes. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to observe the different perinatal outcomes among the pregnant women with preterm caesarean section. Methodology: This prospective cohort study was conducted in the Department of Obstetric & Gynaecology at Shaheed Ziaur Rahman Medical College Hospital, Bogra, Bangladesh from January 2007 to December 2007 for a period of one year. Women with the gestational age between 32 to 36 completed weeks who were selected for delivery by caesarean section were selected as study population. Most of the pregnant women were brought to the hospital with poor condition. Actually the patients were managed on emergency basis. With the improvement of general condition of the patients, in consultation with anaesthetic department and paediatric department patients were managed accordingly and the perinatal outcomes were recorded. Result: A total number of 100 pregnant women were recruited for this study. In this study most of the pregnant women were in the age group of 15 to 25 years which was 60(60.0%) cases. Birth weight below 1.5 kg was in 15.0% cases. However, 72.0% babies had shown APGAR score within 4 to 7 at 5 minute. APGAR score more than 7 was present in 18.0% babies. In this study incidence of other diseases associated with prematurity was in 39(39.0%) cases and perinatal asphyxia was in 25(25.0%) cases. Among the women undergone preterm caesarean sections about 92(92.0%) cases were giving live birth and 8(8.0%) cases were reported still birth; however, subsequent neonatal death occurred in 27(27.0%) cases. Conclusion: In conclusion most common perinatal outcomes of preterm caesarean section is live birth with prematurity and perinatal asphyxia. Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, July 2021, Vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 169-172
{"title":"Perinatal Outcome in Preterm Caesarean Section at a Teaching Hospital in Bangladesh","authors":"R. Khanam, G. Ara, J. Dhar, Nasreen Haque","doi":"10.3329/jninb.v7i2.58115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/jninb.v7i2.58115","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Preterm caesarean section gives different perinatal outcomes. \u0000Objective: The purpose of the present study was to observe the different perinatal outcomes among the pregnant women with preterm caesarean section. \u0000Methodology: This prospective cohort study was conducted in the Department of Obstetric & Gynaecology at Shaheed Ziaur Rahman Medical College Hospital, Bogra, Bangladesh from January 2007 to December 2007 for a period of one year. Women with the gestational age between 32 to 36 completed weeks who were selected for delivery by caesarean section were selected as study population. Most of the pregnant women were brought to the hospital with poor condition. Actually the patients were managed on emergency basis. With the improvement of general condition of the patients, in consultation with anaesthetic department and paediatric department patients were managed accordingly and the perinatal outcomes were recorded. \u0000Result: A total number of 100 pregnant women were recruited for this study. In this study most of the pregnant women were in the age group of 15 to 25 years which was 60(60.0%) cases. Birth weight below 1.5 kg was in 15.0% cases. However, 72.0% babies had shown APGAR score within 4 to 7 at 5 minute. APGAR score more than 7 was present in 18.0% babies. In this study incidence of other diseases associated with prematurity was in 39(39.0%) cases and perinatal asphyxia was in 25(25.0%) cases. Among the women undergone preterm caesarean sections about 92(92.0%) cases were giving live birth and 8(8.0%) cases were reported still birth; however, subsequent neonatal death occurred in 27(27.0%) cases. \u0000Conclusion: In conclusion most common perinatal outcomes of preterm caesarean section is live birth with prematurity and perinatal asphyxia. \u0000Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, July 2021, Vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 169-172 ","PeriodicalId":16732,"journal":{"name":"Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81657300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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