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Nivolumab for the Treatment of Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma Nivolumab用于治疗经典霍奇金淋巴瘤
IF 1 Q4 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Pub Date : 2017-06-25 DOI: 10.1177/8755122517716472
Maryann R. Cooper, Bassem Almalki, Kristine C. Willett
Objective: To review nivolumab for the treatment of classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL). Data Sources: Literature searches were conducted in Medline (1946 to May week 3 2017), EMBASE (1974 to 2017 week 22), and Google Scholar using the terms Hodgkin lymphoma AND nivolumab. Study Selection and Data Extraction: Two clinical trials (phase I and phase II) were identified. Data Synthesis: Nivolumab inhibits programmed death receptor-1 allowing for increased T-cell mediated immune surveillance of tumors. Nivolumab was evaluated in cHL patients after failure of autologous stem cell transplantation and brentuximab vedotin consolidation. Patients received nivolumab 3 mg/kg every 2 weeks. In the phase I trial, the objective response rate was 87% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 66-97) and the rate of progression-free survival (PFS) at 24 weeks was 86% (95% CI = 62-95). The most common adverse events (AE) included rash (22%) and decreased platelet count (17%). Following extended follow-up at a median of 86 weeks, 50% of the initial responders maintained a durable response. In the phase II clinical trial, 53 patients (66.3%, 95% CI = 54.8-76.4) achieved an objective response and PFS at 6 months was 76.9% (95% CI = 64.9-85.3). The common AE were fatigue (25%), infusion-related reactions (20%), and rash (16%). After further follow-up at a median of 15.4 months, 12-month overall survival was 94.9% (median overall survival not reached). Conclusions: Nivolumab is an effective option in treating patients with relapsed/refractory cHL with an acceptable safety profile. Further studies are needed to investigate the role of nivolumab for the treatment of cHL.
目的:综述纳武单抗治疗经典霍奇金淋巴瘤(cHL)的疗效。数据来源:在Medline(1946年至2017年5月第3周)、EMBASE(1974年至2017年第22周)和谷歌Scholar中使用霍奇金淋巴瘤和尼武单抗进行文献检索。研究选择和数据提取:确定了两个临床试验(I期和II期)。数据综合:Nivolumab抑制程序性死亡受体-1,允许增加t细胞介导的肿瘤免疫监视。在自体干细胞移植和brentuximab vedotin巩固失败后的cHL患者中评估Nivolumab。患者每2周接受纳武单抗3mg /kg治疗。在I期试验中,客观缓解率为87%(95%置信区间[CI] = 66-97), 24周无进展生存率(PFS)为86% (95% CI = 62-95)。最常见的不良事件(AE)包括皮疹(22%)和血小板计数下降(17%)。在中位数为86周的延长随访后,50%的初始应答者维持了持久的应答。在II期临床试验中,53名患者(66.3%,95% CI = 54.8-76.4)获得了客观缓解,6个月的PFS为76.9% (95% CI = 64.9-85.3)。常见的AE是疲劳(25%)、输液相关反应(20%)和皮疹(16%)。进一步随访中位时间为15.4个月,12个月总生存率为94.9%(中位总生存率未达到)。结论:Nivolumab是治疗复发/难治性cHL患者的有效选择,具有可接受的安全性。需要进一步的研究来调查纳武单抗在治疗cHL中的作用。
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引用次数: 0
Impact of Bubble Packaging on Adherence to Long-Term Oral Medications Used to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease 气泡包装对预防心血管疾病的长期口服药物依从性的影响
IF 1 Q4 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Pub Date : 2017-04-04 DOI: 10.1177/8755122517702171
Surbhi Shah, John A. Galdo, Elizabeth D. Cox, M. Moreno, H. Young
Background: Adherence to long-term pharmacotherapy is problematic in the United States. Bubble packaging of medications has been touted to improve patients’ use of medications. Scant research has assessed bubble packaging’s impact on adherence to multiple medications. Objective: To compare medication adherence between patients receiving medications to address cardiovascular disease risk factors in bubble packages to those receiving medications in pill bottles. Methods: This retrospective cohort study utilized prescription dispensing records from an independent pharmacy. Patients receiving statins, β-blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, or oral hypoglycemic agents were identified and grouped into those who received medications in bubble packages and those received medications in pill bottles. Adherence was assessed with medication possession ratios. Patients were classified as adherent if their medication possession ratio was 80% or more. Results: Receiving medications in bubble packaging was significantly associated with greater adherence compared to pill bottles (P < .001). In adjusted models, greater numbers of medications filled (P = .024) and increasing patient age (P = .018) were significantly associated with low adherence, while bubble packaging was not (P = .13). Stratified analyses revealed that bubble packaging was significantly associated with greater adherence when 4 or fewer medications are filled (P = .012) and for patients between 18 and 44 years of age (P = .023). Conclusion: Bubble packages can improve medication adherence. However, they may not resolve complex issues contributing to the problem of nonadherence, especially for older patients and those prescribed multiple medications.
背景:在美国,长期药物治疗的依从性存在问题。药物的气泡包装已经被吹捧为提高患者的药物使用。很少有研究评估气泡包装对坚持服用多种药物的影响。目的:比较接受气泡包装药物治疗心血管疾病危险因素的患者与接受药瓶药物治疗的患者的药物依从性。方法:本回顾性队列研究利用了一家独立药房的处方调剂记录。接受他汀类药物、β受体阻滞剂、血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂或口服降糖药的患者被确定并分为两组,一组接受气泡包装药物治疗,另一组接受药瓶药物治疗。依从性以药物持有率评估。如果患者的药物持有率为80%或以上,则归类为依从性患者。结果:与药瓶相比,用气泡包装接受药物与更大的依从性显著相关(P < 0.001)。在调整后的模型中,更多的药物填充(P = 0.024)和患者年龄的增加(P = 0.018)与低依从性显著相关,而气泡包装则没有(P = 0.13)。分层分析显示,当填充4种或更少的药物时,气泡包装与更大的依从性显著相关(P = 0.012),对于18至44岁的患者(P = 0.023)。结论:气泡包装可提高药物依从性。然而,它们可能无法解决导致不依从的复杂问题,特别是对于老年患者和那些开了多种药物的患者。
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引用次数: 3
Tech-Check-Tech in Community Pharmacy Practice Settings 社区药房实践设置中的技术检查技术
IF 1 Q4 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Pub Date : 2017-04-01 DOI: 10.1177/8755122516683519
Timothy P. Frost, A. Adams
Objective: The benefit of a tech-check-tech (TCT) practice model in institutional settings has been well documented. To date, few studies have explored TCT beyond institutional settings. This article summarizes the existing evidence in community pharmacy–based TCT research with respect to dispensing accuracy and pharmacist time devoted to direct patient care. Data Sources: A literature review was conducted using MEDLINE (January 1990 to August 2016), Google Scholar (January 1990 to August 2016), and EMBASE (January 1990 to August 2016) using the terms “tech* and check,” “tech-check-tech,” “checking technician,” and “accuracy checking tech*”. Bibliographies were reviewed to identify additional relevant literature. Study Selection and Data Extraction: Studies were included if they analyzed TCT and were conducted in a community pharmacy practice site, inclusive of chain, independent, mass merchant, supermarket, and mail order pharmacies. Studies were excluded if the TCT practice model was conducted in an institutional or long-term care setting. Survey data on theoretical models of TCT in community pharmacy practice settings were also excluded. Data Synthesis: Over the past 14 years, 4 studies were identified indicating TCT has been performed safely and effectively in community settings. The studies demonstrate that trained community technicians perform as accurately as pharmacists and that TCT increased the amount of pharmacist time devoted to clinical activities. In the 2 studies that reported accuracy rates, pharmacy technicians performed at least as accurately as pharmacists (99.445 vs 99.73%, P = .484; 99.95 vs 99.74, P < .05). Furthermore, 3 of the studies reported gains in pharmacist time, with increases between 9.1% and 19.18% of pharmacist time for consultative services. Conclusions: The present studies demonstrate that TCT can be safe and effective in community pharmacy practice settings, with results similar to those found in institutional settings. It is anticipated more states will explore TCT in community settings in the years ahead as a strategy to improve patient care.
目的:一个技术检查技术(TCT)实践模式在机构设置的好处已经得到了很好的记录。迄今为止,很少有研究在机构环境之外探索TCT。本文总结了基于社区药房的TCT研究中关于调剂准确性和药剂师用于直接患者护理的时间的现有证据。数据来源:使用MEDLINE(1990年1月至2016年8月)、Google Scholar(1990年1月至2016年8月)和EMBASE(1990年1月至2016年8月)进行文献综述,使用术语“技术*和检查”、“技术-检查-技术”、“检查技术员”和“准确性检查技术*”。查阅参考书目以确定其他相关文献。研究选择和数据提取:如果研究分析了TCT,并在社区药房实践现场进行,包括连锁,独立,大型商家,超市和邮购药房,则纳入研究。如果TCT实践模型在机构或长期护理环境中进行,则排除研究。社区药房实践环境中TCT理论模型的调查数据也被排除在外。数据综合:在过去14年中,确定了4项研究,表明在社区环境中安全有效地进行了TCT。这些研究表明,训练有素的社区技术人员的表现与药剂师一样准确,TCT增加了药剂师用于临床活动的时间。在报告准确率的两项研究中,药学技术人员的工作至少与药剂师一样准确(99.445 vs 99.73%, P = .484;99.95 vs 99.74, P < 0.05)。此外,其中3项研究报告了药剂师时间的增加,药剂师咨询服务的时间增加了9.1%到19.18%。结论:目前的研究表明,TCT在社区药房实践环境中是安全有效的,其结果与在机构环境中发现的结果相似。预计未来几年,更多的州将在社区环境中探索TCT,作为改善患者护理的一项战略。
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引用次数: 31
Comparison of Two Intravenous Insulin Titration Methods in Hyperglycemic Crisis 两种静脉滴注胰岛素治疗高血糖危重症的比较
IF 1 Q4 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Pub Date : 2017-04-01 DOI: 10.1177/8755122517690749
E. Rohrbach, Kelli N Webb, T. Costello
Background: Glycemic control using intravenous insulin infusions is an important component of hyperglycemic crisis treatment. Literature supports the use of standardized titration protocols; however, comparisons of specific methods are limited. Objective: Compare the safety and efficacy of 2 insulin infusion titration methods used in hyperglycemic crisis. Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted including adults admitted to an inpatient facility from August 1, 2013, to August 1, 2015, who were treated for at least 4 hours with an intravenous insulin infusion. Primary efficacy outcomes of time to anion gap closure and time to goal blood glucose was studied in patients meeting criteria for diabetic ketoacidosis (n = 79), while the primary safety outcome of rates of hypoglycemia were compared among all study patients (n = 200). Results: The fixed-rate titration method had statistically shorter time to blood glucose <200 mg/dL compared to the multiplier titration group (6.1 [4.0] vs 8.8 [4.4], respectively; P = .018; mean time in hours [standard deviation]); however, no statistically significant difference was seen in the other primary efficacy and safety outcomes. Statistical improvements were found in secondary outcomes of intensive/progressive care units, length of stay, and infusion duration in the fixed-rate titration method, while less deviation from titration recommendations was found in the multiplier titration group. Conclusions: Significant differences seen in time to a goal blood glucose, deviation prevalence, and holds of the infusion for low blood glucose have identified areas for optimization, additional study, and staff education.
背景:静脉注射胰岛素控制血糖是高血糖危机治疗的重要组成部分。文献支持使用标准化的滴定方案;然而,具体方法的比较是有限的。目的:比较两种胰岛素滴注方法治疗高血糖危象的安全性和有效性。方法:回顾性分析2013年8月1日至2015年8月1日住院治疗至少4小时静脉注射胰岛素的成人病例。对符合糖尿病酮症酸中毒标准的患者(n = 79)的主要疗效指标阴离子间隙闭合时间和达到目标血糖时间进行了研究,同时对所有研究患者(n = 200)的低血糖率进行了主要安全性指标的比较。结果:固定速率滴法组血糖<200 mg/dL的时间较乘数滴法组短(分别为6.1[4.0]和8.8 [4.4]);P = 0.018;平均时间(小时)[标准差];然而,其他主要疗效和安全性结果没有统计学上的显著差异。固定速率滴定法在重症/渐进监护病房的次要结局、住院时间和输液时间方面均有统计学改善,而倍增滴定法组与推荐滴定法的偏差较小。结论:在达到目标血糖、偏差率和低血糖输注时间方面的显著差异已经确定了优化、进一步研究和员工教育的领域。
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引用次数: 2
Syphilis Screening 梅毒筛查
IF 1 Q4 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Pub Date : 2017-04-01 DOI: 10.1177/8755122517691308
M. Goza, Benjamin D. Kulwicki, J. Akers, M. Klepser
Objective: To provide a review on the use, percent positive agreement (PPA), percent negative agreement (PNA), and utilization of Syphilis Health Check for syphilis screening in community pharmacies (in coordination with public health departments) in an effort to increase overall syphilis screening in high-risk populations. Data Sources: PubMed was searched for the following keywords: syphilis, sexually transmitted diseases, diagnosis, public health, point-of-care tests. The search included all dates up to December 2016. Study Selection: Data from studies including the use of the Syphilis Health Check Rapid Immunochromatographic Test were included. Data Synthesis: There are many existing tests to aid in the diagnosis of syphilis. The Syphilis Health Check was compared with these assays using PPA and PNA, where it demonstrated a high level of accuracy in the detection of syphilis antibodies. Conclusion: The Syphilis Health Check Rapid Immunochromatographic Test is a Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments–waived assay that has been shown to be easy to use and produces results in minutes. As one of the most accessible health care providers, pharmacists have an opportunity to join the fight against syphilis, and in collaboration with public health departments, screen a vast number of high-risk patients and deliver follow-up care as needed.
目的:综述梅毒健康检查在社区药房(协同卫生部门)梅毒筛查中的使用情况、阳性满意率(PPA)、阴性满意率(PNA)及使用率,以提高高危人群的梅毒筛查水平。数据来源:PubMed检索了以下关键词:梅毒,性传播疾病,诊断,公共卫生,即时检测。搜索包括截至2016年12月的所有日期。研究选择:包括使用梅毒健康检查快速免疫层析试验的研究数据被纳入。资料综合:有许多现有的测试来帮助诊断梅毒。梅毒健康检查与使用PPA和PNA的这些检测方法进行了比较,在检测梅毒抗体方面显示出高水平的准确性。结论:梅毒健康检查快速免疫层析试验是一种临床实验室改进修正案豁免的检测方法,已被证明易于使用,并在几分钟内产生结果。作为最容易获得的卫生保健提供者之一,药剂师有机会加入防治梅毒的斗争,并与公共卫生部门合作,对大量高风险患者进行筛查,并根据需要提供后续护理。
{"title":"Syphilis Screening","authors":"M. Goza, Benjamin D. Kulwicki, J. Akers, M. Klepser","doi":"10.1177/8755122517691308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/8755122517691308","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To provide a review on the use, percent positive agreement (PPA), percent negative agreement (PNA), and utilization of Syphilis Health Check for syphilis screening in community pharmacies (in coordination with public health departments) in an effort to increase overall syphilis screening in high-risk populations. Data Sources: PubMed was searched for the following keywords: syphilis, sexually transmitted diseases, diagnosis, public health, point-of-care tests. The search included all dates up to December 2016. Study Selection: Data from studies including the use of the Syphilis Health Check Rapid Immunochromatographic Test were included. Data Synthesis: There are many existing tests to aid in the diagnosis of syphilis. The Syphilis Health Check was compared with these assays using PPA and PNA, where it demonstrated a high level of accuracy in the detection of syphilis antibodies. Conclusion: The Syphilis Health Check Rapid Immunochromatographic Test is a Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments–waived assay that has been shown to be easy to use and produces results in minutes. As one of the most accessible health care providers, pharmacists have an opportunity to join the fight against syphilis, and in collaboration with public health departments, screen a vast number of high-risk patients and deliver follow-up care as needed.","PeriodicalId":16796,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pharmacy Technology","volume":"2 1","pages":"53 - 59"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2017-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82026801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Drug Therapy Problems Identified by Pharmacists Through Comprehensive Medication Management Following Hospital Discharge 药师通过出院后综合用药管理发现的药物治疗问题
IF 1 Q4 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Pub Date : 2017-03-27 DOI: 10.1177/8755122517698975
Sarah M Westberg, Sarah K. Derr, E. Weinhandl, T. Adam, A. Brummel, J. Lahti, S. Reidt, Brian Sick, Kyle Skiermont, W. S. St. Peter
Background: Pharmacists influence health care outcomes through the identification and resolution of drug therapy problems (DTPs). Objective: The objectives of this study were to describe number, type, and severity of DTPs based on clinical significance and likelihood of harm in patients transitioning from hospital to home as assessed during a comprehensive medication management (CMM) visit with a pharmacist. Secondary objectives were to assess intrarater reliability in severity ratings and assess likelihood of harm for adverse drug reactions (ADR) by drug classes. Methods: Retrospective review of 408 patients having a face-to-face, telephonic, or virtual CMM visit within the Fairview Health System. Teams of 3 investigators reviewed each DTP from the electronic medical record for each of the 408 patients and assigned a severity score (0-10) for clinical significance and likelihood of harm. Main Results: The highest severity DTP classes were adherence and ADR. The lowest severity DTP class was unnecessary drug therapy. An average of 2.5 DTPs was found per patient at the index CMM visit following hospital discharge. The most common DTP classes were needs additional therapy and dose too low. There were statistically significant differences in DTP severity scoring between reviewer types, though differences were <5%. Drug classes with the highest severity ADR included diabetes, cardiovascular, and anticoagulant/antiplatelet agents. Conclusions: The DTP severity ratings indicated that reviewers found ADR and adherence DTPs were potentially the most severe. There were differences in DTP ratings between reviewer types, though clinical significance of these differences is unclear.
背景:药师通过药物治疗问题(dtp)的识别和解决影响卫生保健结果。目的:本研究的目的是描述dtp的数量、类型和严重程度,基于临床意义和从医院转回家的患者危害的可能性,这是在药剂师的综合用药管理(CMM)访问中评估的。次要目的是评估严重程度分级的内部可靠性,并评估药物不良反应(ADR)危害的可能性。方法:回顾性分析在Fairview卫生系统进行面对面、电话或虚拟CMM就诊的408例患者。3名研究人员组成的小组对408名患者的电子医疗记录中的DTP进行了审查,并根据临床意义和伤害可能性对其进行了严重程度评分(0-10)。主要结果:最严重的DTP分级为依从性和不良反应。最低严重程度的DTP分级为不必要的药物治疗。在出院后的指数CMM访问中,平均每名患者发现2.5个dtp。最常见的百白破分类是需要额外治疗和剂量过低。不同审稿人类型的DTP严重程度评分差异有统计学意义,但差异均<5%。严重不良反应最高的药物类别包括糖尿病、心血管和抗凝血/抗血小板药物。结论:DTP严重程度分级表明,审稿人发现ADR和依从性DTP可能是最严重的。不同审稿人的DTP评分存在差异,但这些差异的临床意义尚不清楚。
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引用次数: 29
Evaluation of the Appropriateness of Direct Oral Anticoagulant Selection and Monitoring in the Outpatient Setting 门诊直接口服抗凝剂选择与监测的适宜性评价
IF 1 Q4 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Pub Date : 2017-03-23 DOI: 10.1177/8755122517698976
K. Rieser, E. Rosenberg, Katherine Vogel Anderson
Background: Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) share many indications with warfarin but require less frequent follow-up and monitoring. There is limited data available on the prescribing of DOACs and appropriate laboratory monitoring in a real-world clinical setting. Objective: To determine if patients receiving care at 2 University of Florida (UF) Health Internal Medicine clinics are prescribed DOACs according to Food and Drug Administration (FDA)–approved labeling. Secondary objectives were to determine the percentage of patients receiving appropriate baseline laboratory tests prior to DOAC initiation and the frequency of laboratory monitoring. Methods: This retrospective chart review evaluated patients enrolled at 2 UF Health Internal Medicine practices within the UF Health system who were prescribed a DOAC between April 2014 and April 2015. Adherence to FDA-approved dosing recommendations and baseline laboratory tests were compared to previously published data. This study was approved by the UF Institutional Review Board. Results: A total of 194 patients met inclusion criteria. Ninety-six patients (49.5%) were on a DOAC prior to data collection; 98 patients (50.5%) started a DOAC during data collection. Of the 194 patients, 155 (79.9%) were prescribed DOACs per FDA-approved labeling (P = .0005); 79 (40.8%) obtained a complete blood count, serum creatinine, and liver function tests prior to DOAC initiation. Conclusions: Prescribing practices were significantly better than published data; however, 1 in 5 patients were not prescribed a DOAC according to FDA-approved labeling. Less than half of the patients started on a DOAC obtained the recommended labs prior to medication initiation.
背景:直接口服抗凝剂(DOACs)与华法林有许多相同的适应症,但需要较少的随访和监测。在现实世界的临床环境中,关于doac的处方和适当的实验室监测的可用数据有限。目的:确定在佛罗里达大学(UF)健康内科诊所接受治疗的患者是否根据美国食品和药物管理局(FDA)批准的标签处方doac。次要目标是确定在DOAC开始前接受适当基线实验室检查的患者百分比和实验室监测的频率。方法:本回顾性图表回顾评估了2014年4月至2015年4月期间在UF Health系统内的2个UF Health内科诊所接受DOAC处方的患者。对fda批准的剂量建议和基线实验室测试的依从性与先前公布的数据进行了比较。这项研究得到了佛罗里达大学机构审查委员会的批准。结果:194例患者符合纳入标准。96名患者(49.5%)在数据收集前使用DOAC;98例(50.5%)患者在数据收集期间开始DOAC。在194例患者中,155例(79.9%)按照fda批准的标签处方doac (P = 0.0005);79例(40.8%)在DOAC开始前进行了全血细胞计数、血清肌酐和肝功能检查。结论:处方实践明显优于已发表的数据;然而,根据fda批准的标签,五分之一的患者没有服用DOAC。在开始服用DOAC的患者中,不到一半的患者在开始用药前获得了推荐的实验室检查。
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引用次数: 3
Preference and Frequency of Mobile Phone App Use for Drug Information Among Student Pharmacists 药学专业学生使用手机App获取药品信息的偏好及频率
IF 1 Q4 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Pub Date : 2017-03-15 DOI: 10.1177/8755122517698164
Sharon K. Park, Miriam C. Purnell, M. K. Freeman, Racquel V. Reese, S. Varga
Background: Health care professionals commonly use mobile devices to retrieve drug information (DI) in clinical practice. The preference and frequency of such use by student pharmacists are not well understood. Objective: To investigate the preference and frequency of mobile phone application (app) use for retrieving DI among student pharmacists. Methods: DI specialists from 3 pharmacy schools generated a 13-question survey relating to students’ preference and frequency of DI app use via their mobile phone. The survey was tested and electronically disseminated to all current P1 through P4 students from all 3 schools. Data were collected for student demographics, availability of mobile phone and DI apps, frequency of using DI apps, and whether DI apps were purchased. Data were analyzed descriptively and statistically. Results: About 74% (n = 221) of students reported using their mobile phone apps for retrieving DI. About 95% of the students used 1 to 3 apps for DI purposes and more than 85% used them a few times a week or more. About 17.6% of the students reported purchasing apps for the purpose of finding DI and that purchased apps are more accurate (27.6%), more comprehensive (36.2%), and more current (26.2%), compared with free apps. Conclusions: Student pharmacists used 1 to 3 mobile apps, at least a few times a week for DI. Some students purchased apps for DI use in addition to free subscriptions from their school. Students perceived purchased DI apps being more accurate, more comprehensive, and more up to date than the free apps.
背景:在临床实践中,卫生保健专业人员普遍使用移动设备检索药物信息(DI)。学生药剂师使用此类药物的偏好和频率尚不清楚。目的:了解药学专业学生对手机应用程序(app)检索DI的偏好及使用频率。方法:来自3所药学院的DI专家对学生通过手机使用DI应用程序的偏好和频率进行了13个问题的调查。该调查经过测试,并以电子方式分发给所有三所学校的高一至四年级学生。收集了学生人口统计数据、手机和DI应用程序的可用性、使用DI应用程序的频率以及是否购买了DI应用程序。对数据进行描述性和统计学分析。结果:约74% (n = 221)的学生报告使用手机应用程序检索DI。大约95%的学生使用1到3个应用程序用于DI目的,超过85%的学生每周使用几次或更多次。约17.6%的学生表示购买应用程序是为了寻找DI,与免费应用程序相比,购买的应用程序更准确(27.6%),更全面(36.2%),更最新(26.2%)。结论:药师学生使用手机app 1 ~ 3个,每周至少使用几次。除了从学校免费订阅外,一些学生还购买了用于DI的应用程序。学生们认为购买的DI应用程序比免费应用程序更准确、更全面、更及时。
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引用次数: 6
Unavailability of Outpatient Medications: Examples and Opportunities for Management 门诊药物不可用:管理的例子和机会
IF 1 Q4 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Pub Date : 2017-03-12 DOI: 10.1177/8755122517697072
M. McLaughlin, J. Lin, R. Nguyen, Pratixa Patel, E. Fox
Drug shortages create significant challenges for patients and health care providers. Pharmacists play important roles in managing medication therapy during drug shortages. The management of drug shortages by the community pharmacist is an expanding role. Adverse drug reactions and delayed treatments are highlighted in the literature as some of the consequences of outpatient drug shortages; it is likely these harms are underreported. This commentary reviews examples and opportunities for the management of outpatient drug shortages.
药品短缺给患者和卫生保健提供者带来了重大挑战。在药物短缺的情况下,药剂师在管理药物治疗方面发挥着重要作用。社区药师在药品短缺管理中的作用日益扩大。药物不良反应和延迟治疗在文献中被强调为门诊药物短缺的一些后果;这些危害很可能被低估了。本评论回顾了门诊药物短缺管理的实例和机会。
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引用次数: 3
Reveiwers Summary Reveiwers总结
IF 1 Q4 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY Pub Date : 2017-02-01 DOI: 10.1177/8755122516687493
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引用次数: 0
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