Jeroen H. T. Zethof, Stefan Julich, Karl-Heinz Feger, Dorit Julich
Background
Since the mid-1990s, sulphur (S) pollution was drastically reduced in Central Europe. Over time, this has led to a distinct reduction in S availability for Norway spruce (Picea abies Karst.), which is still the most important timber species in Central European forestries.
Aims
Determination of the Norway spruce nutritional status of former strongly affected areas by S pollution (Saxony) with different degrees of liming by assessing their foliar element contents and comparing them to regions remote from historical high S deposition.
Methods
Sites were selected based on levels of S deposition in the 1970–1990s with historical high deposition in Saxony (NE Germany), low deposition at Schluchsee (SW Germany) and Davos (Switzerland) as a clean air reference. Needles were sampled in late autumn 2019/2020 and elemental contents determined. Additional historical data on foliar S contents were available.
Results
Historical data showed a clear decrease in foliar S contents in the Saxonian sites over the last 25 years, independent of liming. No difference between all study sites was found in the most recent sampling, whereas S together with other macronutrients strongly indicates deficiencies for forest growth and health.
Conclusions
After 25 years of reduced S deposition, S nutrition became low for Norway spruce trees in Saxony, whereas soil parent material determines the overall tree nutritional status with respect to other nutrients. As such, no difference between sites with historical high, low or no S deposition was found. Further studies should focus on the mineralization of organic S in the topsoil to understand if S is effectively recycled within the forest ecosystem and on the effect of other diminishing nutrients such as Mg and P.
{"title":"Legacy effect of 25 years reduced atmospheric sulphur deposition on spruce tree nutrition","authors":"Jeroen H. T. Zethof, Stefan Julich, Karl-Heinz Feger, Dorit Julich","doi":"10.1002/jpln.202400097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.202400097","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Since the mid-1990s, sulphur (S) pollution was drastically reduced in Central Europe. Over time, this has led to a distinct reduction in S availability for Norway spruce (<i>Picea abies</i> Karst.), which is still the most important timber species in Central European forestries.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Determination of the Norway spruce nutritional status of former strongly affected areas by S pollution (Saxony) with different degrees of liming by assessing their foliar element contents and comparing them to regions remote from historical high S deposition.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sites were selected based on levels of S deposition in the 1970–1990s with historical high deposition in Saxony (NE Germany), low deposition at Schluchsee (SW Germany) and Davos (Switzerland) as a clean air reference. Needles were sampled in late autumn 2019/2020 and elemental contents determined. Additional historical data on foliar S contents were available.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Historical data showed a clear decrease in foliar S contents in the Saxonian sites over the last 25 years, independent of liming. No difference between all study sites was found in the most recent sampling, whereas S together with other macronutrients strongly indicates deficiencies for forest growth and health.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>After 25 years of reduced S deposition, S nutrition became low for Norway spruce trees in Saxony, whereas soil parent material determines the overall tree nutritional status with respect to other nutrients. As such, no difference between sites with historical high, low or no S deposition was found. Further studies should focus on the mineralization of organic S in the topsoil to understand if S is effectively recycled within the forest ecosystem and on the effect of other diminishing nutrients such as Mg and P.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16802,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science","volume":"187 6","pages":"834-843"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jpln.202400097","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142762579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The by-product of insect larval production, frass, can be applied to soil as an organic fertiliser. Its three main organic N fractions are assumed to be ureic, protein and chitin. The significance of the latter is unknown, and it is not known if lignaceous sources have been overlooked.
Aims
This study sought to gauge the activities of the (respectively, lignolytic and chitinolytic) enzymes peroxidase and N-acetyl-ß-D-glucosaminidase following frass application to soil. Their activities were monitored under conditions of urease inhibition, with a particular focus on the fungal domain.
Methods
Mealworm or buffalo worm frass was applied, with or without inhibitors, to a sand/soil substrate at 3% (w/w). After 16 weeks, concentrations of the fungal biomarker ergosterol and enzyme activities were determined.
Results
Soil amendment with frass had no significant effect on peroxidase activity. Fungal biomass was stimulated in particular by application of mealworm frass, which was further improved by urease inhibition. Chitinase activity was positively correlated with fungal biomass, and was increased under urease inhibition when applied with mealworm frass.
Conclusions
There were no appreciable quantities of lignaceous compounds in the frass used in this study. Importantly, the use of urease inhibitors co-applied with frass has demonstrated that when its ureic N breakdown is prevented, chitin becomes a significant organic N source to soil fungi. The superior fungal response to mealworm frass indicates a larger chitin content than in buffalo worm frass.
{"title":"Urease inhibition stimulates fungal degradation of chitin in frass-amended soil","authors":"Conor Watson, Hugo Leal, Florian Wichern","doi":"10.1002/jpln.202300349","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.202300349","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The by-product of insect larval production, frass, can be applied to soil as an organic fertiliser. Its three main organic N fractions are assumed to be ureic, protein and chitin. The significance of the latter is unknown, and it is not known if lignaceous sources have been overlooked.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study sought to gauge the activities of the (respectively, lignolytic and chitinolytic) enzymes peroxidase and <i>N</i>-acetyl-ß-D-glucosaminidase following frass application to soil. Their activities were monitored under conditions of urease inhibition, with a particular focus on the fungal domain.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Mealworm or buffalo worm frass was applied, with or without inhibitors, to a sand/soil substrate at 3% (w/w). After 16 weeks, concentrations of the fungal biomarker ergosterol and enzyme activities were determined.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Soil amendment with frass had no significant effect on peroxidase activity. Fungal biomass was stimulated in particular by application of mealworm frass, which was further improved by urease inhibition. Chitinase activity was positively correlated with fungal biomass, and was increased under urease inhibition when applied with mealworm frass.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There were no appreciable quantities of lignaceous compounds in the frass used in this study. Importantly, the use of urease inhibitors co-applied with frass has demonstrated that when its ureic N breakdown is prevented, chitin becomes a significant organic N source to soil fungi. The superior fungal response to mealworm frass indicates a larger chitin content than in buffalo worm frass.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16802,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science","volume":"188 1","pages":"45-51"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jpln.202300349","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143117178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hana You, Paul Martinez, Richard Evans, Astrid Volder
<div> <section> <h3> Background</h3> <p>Liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) and root exudates contain easily decomposable carbon that can stimulate microbial growth. It is unknown what role the amount of organic matter (OM) in the growing media, and potential interactions between root presence and LOF, might play in enhancing the breakdown of OM.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Aims</h3> <p>The aim was to better understand how the decomposition rate of plant litter is affected by added fertilizer, plant presence, and growing media OM content.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Methods</h3> <p>A container experiment was conducted with and without tomato plants (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> L.; Heinz 5608 variety) present to evaluate the effect of three one-time fertilizer additions (no fertilizer, LOF, and synthetic fertilizer) on litter decomposition rate. The equivalent amount of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium(K) was added in both fertilizer treatments. The experiment was conducted using two growing media, one containing high OM and one with negligible OM.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Results</h3> <p>The presence of tomato roots stimulated litter decomposition in high OM media, but not in low OM media. Adding LOF did not affect decomposition in either growing medium. Adding synthetic fertilizer led to a negative priming effect in low OM media when roots were present. The rate of decomposition was not affected by root traits.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Conclusions</h3> <p>When ample OM was available, the presence of plant roots had a strong positive impact on litter decomposition. In both low and high OM media, a one-time addition of fertilizer had minimal or negative effects on litter decomposition. We speculate that the continuous nature of root exudation leads to sustained changes in the microbial population (both community composition and size). Boosting root length growth via the one-time addition of inorganic fertilizer when OM was negligible allowed the plant to outcompete decomposing microbes for N, possibly leading to selection for microbes that primarily feed on exudates, which resulted in retarded litter decomposition rates. In conclusion, as adding inorganic fertilizer stimulated plant and root growth more than adding the equivalent nutrients in LOF, particularly in growth media with a high OM content, it is better to add inorganic nutrients than LOF to stimulate OM breakdown when plants are present.</p> </section>
{"title":"Priming effects on decomposition depend on organic matter in the growing media","authors":"Hana You, Paul Martinez, Richard Evans, Astrid Volder","doi":"10.1002/jpln.202300405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.202300405","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) and root exudates contain easily decomposable carbon that can stimulate microbial growth. It is unknown what role the amount of organic matter (OM) in the growing media, and potential interactions between root presence and LOF, might play in enhancing the breakdown of OM.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The aim was to better understand how the decomposition rate of plant litter is affected by added fertilizer, plant presence, and growing media OM content.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A container experiment was conducted with and without tomato plants (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> L.; Heinz 5608 variety) present to evaluate the effect of three one-time fertilizer additions (no fertilizer, LOF, and synthetic fertilizer) on litter decomposition rate. The equivalent amount of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium(K) was added in both fertilizer treatments. The experiment was conducted using two growing media, one containing high OM and one with negligible OM.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The presence of tomato roots stimulated litter decomposition in high OM media, but not in low OM media. Adding LOF did not affect decomposition in either growing medium. Adding synthetic fertilizer led to a negative priming effect in low OM media when roots were present. The rate of decomposition was not affected by root traits.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>When ample OM was available, the presence of plant roots had a strong positive impact on litter decomposition. In both low and high OM media, a one-time addition of fertilizer had minimal or negative effects on litter decomposition. We speculate that the continuous nature of root exudation leads to sustained changes in the microbial population (both community composition and size). Boosting root length growth via the one-time addition of inorganic fertilizer when OM was negligible allowed the plant to outcompete decomposing microbes for N, possibly leading to selection for microbes that primarily feed on exudates, which resulted in retarded litter decomposition rates. In conclusion, as adding inorganic fertilizer stimulated plant and root growth more than adding the equivalent nutrients in LOF, particularly in growth media with a high OM content, it is better to add inorganic nutrients than LOF to stimulate OM breakdown when plants are present.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":16802,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science","volume":"187 6","pages":"826-833"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jpln.202300405","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142762612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Contents: J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci. 5/2024","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/jpln.202470054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.202470054","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16802,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science","volume":"187 5","pages":"692"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jpln.202470054","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142429358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lilit Pogosyan, Konstantin Abrosimov, Sergey Sedov
Background
Imaging techniques of analysis in undisturbed soil samples are powerful tools for understanding soil properties and functioning. Although micromorphological analysis has always been applied for studying soil genesis, the modern 3D X-ray Computed Tomography (CT) approach is mostly used in soil physical studies related to soil functioning and ecological services.
Aim
In this study, we interpret ancient soil formation of the Late Pleistocene pedosedimentary archive of the Tlalpan sequence in the State of Tlaxcala in Central Mexico, based on soil and sediment porosity distribution in 2D and 3D.
Methods
In order to interpret ancient soil formation based on the porosity distribution, we applied both micromorphological (2D) and CT (3D) analyses in undisturbed samples of each horizon of the Tlalpan sequence.
Results
Our micromorphological observations have shown that pore space arrangement is unique for each soil horizon and that it is predetermined by the dominant pedogenetical processes and their succession, such as bioturbation, clay illuviation, and vertic shrinking/swelling. Most of the channels formed by biogenic agents (roots and mesofauna) subsequently underwent shape deformations and/or refilling. The “accommodating planes” type of voids resulted from the development of features of vertic paleosols that, in some cases, erased the past pedogenic pore space organization. Although biogenic turbation, compaction, and clay illuviation mostly affected the macro- and mesopores, shrinking/swelling processes affected macro- and mesoporosity distribution. The process that was only reflected at the microporosity level is hydroconsolidation.
Conclusions
Despite the common idea that textural pores are more resistant to changes compared to meso- and macropores, most of soil formation processes registered in the Tlalpan sequence, including anthropogenic impact, were identified in macro- and mesopore space. Moreover, the changes that were registered in pore space transformation by 2D and 3D methods of analysis in undisturbed samples are crucial for identifying the sequence of formation processes and, therefore, for paleopedological interpretation. This study shows that the CT is a useful tool to access the soil formation, and pore space memory studied both in 3D and 2D is an important proxy for paleopedological research.
{"title":"Pore space memory of the Tlalpan pedosedimentary sequence as an indicator of paleopedogenesis","authors":"Lilit Pogosyan, Konstantin Abrosimov, Sergey Sedov","doi":"10.1002/jpln.202300444","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.202300444","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Imaging techniques of analysis in undisturbed soil samples are powerful tools for understanding soil properties and functioning. Although micromorphological analysis has always been applied for studying soil genesis, the modern 3D X-ray Computed Tomography (CT) approach is mostly used in soil physical studies related to soil functioning and ecological services.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this study, we interpret ancient soil formation of the Late Pleistocene pedosedimentary archive of the Tlalpan sequence in the State of Tlaxcala in Central Mexico, based on soil and sediment porosity distribution in 2D and 3D.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In order to interpret ancient soil formation based on the porosity distribution, we applied both micromorphological (2D) and CT (3D) analyses in undisturbed samples of each horizon of the Tlalpan sequence.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our micromorphological observations have shown that pore space arrangement is unique for each soil horizon and that it is predetermined by the dominant pedogenetical processes and their succession, such as bioturbation, clay illuviation, and vertic shrinking/swelling. Most of the channels formed by biogenic agents (roots and mesofauna) subsequently underwent shape deformations and/or refilling. The “accommodating planes” type of voids resulted from the development of features of vertic paleosols that, in some cases, erased the past pedogenic pore space organization. Although biogenic turbation, compaction, and clay illuviation mostly affected the macro- and mesopores, shrinking/swelling processes affected macro- and mesoporosity distribution. The process that was only reflected at the microporosity level is hydroconsolidation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Despite the common idea that textural pores are more resistant to changes compared to meso- and macropores, most of soil formation processes registered in the Tlalpan sequence, including anthropogenic impact, were identified in macro- and mesopore space. Moreover, the changes that were registered in pore space transformation by 2D and 3D methods of analysis in undisturbed samples are crucial for identifying the sequence of formation processes and, therefore, for paleopedological interpretation. This study shows that the CT is a useful tool to access the soil formation, and pore space memory studied both in 3D and 2D is an important proxy for paleopedological research.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16802,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science","volume":"187 6","pages":"816-825"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142762036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
André Freire Cruz, Lurdineide de Araújo Barbosa Borges, Mateus Oliveira Gomes, Cícero Célio de Figueiredo
Background
Sewage sludge biochar has been widely used in agriculture for various purposes; however, knowledge about its residual effect on the soil microbial community is limited.
Aims
This study aimed to evaluate changes in the microbial community 5 years after the application of sewage sludge biochar.
Methods
Biochar was produced from sewage sludge obtained at a wastewater treatment pyrolyzed at 300°C (Biochar300) and 500°C (Biochar500). Both biochar treatments were applied in corn fields for two growing seasons (2014/2015; 2015/2016). Biochar was not applied from the third (2016/2017) to the seventh (2020/2021) growing season to assess the residual effect. Soil samples were collected after harvesting in 2020/2021 growing season, therefore in the fifth year subject to the residual effects of biochar. The microbial community was evaluated by accessing bacterial and fungal groups using DNA techniques. Amplicon sequencing analysis was performed with the samples by Illumina MiSeq 250 bp.
Results
At genus level, the Lachnospira, Faecalibacterium, Bacteroides, Epulopiscium, and Parabacteroides were affected by Biochar500. Furthermore, at upper levels of taxonomy, this biochar treatment increased the relative abundance of bacterial classes Clostridiaceae and Bacteroidia and the fungal families Chaetomiaceae and Aspergillaceae. Concerning the relationship between microbial community and soil chemical properties, soil phosphorus (P) and calcium (Ca) were significantly affected by biochar treatments within the bacterial community; the fungal ones affected significantly soil P and potential acidity (H + Al).
Conclusions
Even under the residual effect of 5 years, the application of biochar altered the microbial community on corn plantation, especially concerning on the richness and the abundance of some groups. Biochar500 was the most responsive among the treatments.
{"title":"Changes in the soil microbial community 5 years after the application of sewage sludge biochar to soils cultivated with corn","authors":"André Freire Cruz, Lurdineide de Araújo Barbosa Borges, Mateus Oliveira Gomes, Cícero Célio de Figueiredo","doi":"10.1002/jpln.202400111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.202400111","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sewage sludge biochar has been widely used in agriculture for various purposes; however, knowledge about its residual effect on the soil microbial community is limited.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to evaluate changes in the microbial community 5 years after the application of sewage sludge biochar.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Biochar was produced from sewage sludge obtained at a wastewater treatment pyrolyzed at 300°C (Biochar300) and 500°C (Biochar500). Both biochar treatments were applied in corn fields for two growing seasons (2014/2015; 2015/2016). Biochar was not applied from the third (2016/2017) to the seventh (2020/2021) growing season to assess the residual effect. Soil samples were collected after harvesting in 2020/2021 growing season, therefore in the fifth year subject to the residual effects of biochar. The microbial community was evaluated by accessing bacterial and fungal groups using DNA techniques. Amplicon sequencing analysis was performed with the samples by Illumina MiSeq 250 bp.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>At genus level, the <i>Lachnospira</i>, <i>Faecalibacterium</i>, <i>Bacteroides</i>, <i>Epulopiscium</i>, and <i>Parabacteroides</i> were affected by Biochar500. Furthermore, at upper levels of taxonomy, this biochar treatment increased the relative abundance of bacterial classes <i>Clostridiaceae</i> and <i>Bacteroidia</i> and the fungal families Chaetomiaceae and Aspergillaceae. Concerning the relationship between microbial community and soil chemical properties, soil phosphorus (P) and calcium (Ca) were significantly affected by biochar treatments within the bacterial community; the fungal ones affected significantly soil P and potential acidity (H + Al).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Even under the residual effect of 5 years, the application of biochar altered the microbial community on corn plantation, especially concerning on the richness and the abundance of some groups. Biochar500 was the most responsive among the treatments.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16802,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science","volume":"187 6","pages":"804-815"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142762882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The new PARIOplus soil texture measuring system, based on the integral suspension pressure method, a modification of the PARIOclassic, is a method in which the suspension pressure curve measured with a high-precision sensor is adapted to the modelled Stokes' law of sedimentation by means of inverse modelling. In order to validate the method, soil samples were mixed from artificial material to cover the entire grain size triangle. The results were also compared with those of the burette. This study shows that PARIOplus provides reliable and comparable results with R2 > 0.99 in all texture classes.
{"title":"PARIOplus—A reliable method for determining soil texture?","authors":"Svenja Leemhuis, Florian Hüttner, Axel Göttlein","doi":"10.1002/jpln.202400277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.202400277","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The new PARIOplus soil texture measuring system, based on the integral suspension pressure method, a modification of the PARIOclassic, is a method in which the suspension pressure curve measured with a high-precision sensor is adapted to the modelled Stokes' law of sedimentation by means of inverse modelling. In order to validate the method, soil samples were mixed from artificial material to cover the entire grain size triangle. The results were also compared with those of the burette. This study shows that PARIOplus provides reliable and comparable results with <i>R</i><sup>2</sup> > 0.99 in all texture classes.</p>","PeriodicalId":16802,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science","volume":"187 6","pages":"697-699"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jpln.202400277","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142762602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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