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Molecular dynamics simulation on de-icing behavior of nanodroplets on amorphous SiO2 非晶态二氧化硅上纳米液滴除冰行为的分子动力学模拟
Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/2838/1/012015
Wenqi Fan, Chen Li
The ice formation and detachment process of nanoscale water droplets on the amorphous SiO2 substrate, which is for simulating the glass of solar panels, is studied in this paper by molecular dynamics simulation methods, considering the effects of environmental temperature, onset of icing time, and parameters of the nanoarray on the ice formation morphology and ice adhesion strength. The results show that the ice adhesion strength is independent of the environmental temperature. The time of icing onset influences the recoil state of droplets, with a larger spreading area leading to higher adhesion strength. The increase in height and decrease in width of the nanocolumns of nanoarray structure leads to an increase in the contact angle of the droplet, causing a reduction in ice adhesion strength, albeit with a slight rise within a certain height range.
本文采用分子动力学模拟方法,考虑了环境温度、结冰开始时间和纳米阵列参数对冰形成形态和冰附着强度的影响,研究了纳米级水滴在非晶态二氧化硅衬底(用于模拟太阳能电池板的玻璃)上的成冰和脱离过程。结果表明,冰粘附强度与环境温度无关。结冰开始的时间影响液滴的反冲状态,扩散面积越大,附着强度越高。纳米阵列结构的纳米柱高度增加、宽度减小会导致液滴接触角增大,从而降低冰附着强度,但在一定高度范围内会略有上升。
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引用次数: 0
Numerical study of film cooling at the outlet of gas turbine exhaust 燃气轮机排气口薄膜冷却的数值研究
Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/2838/1/012024
Longbing Hu, Yu Rao, Hua Zhang
In order to mitigate the potential operational damage risk caused by traditional cooling methods in engineering applications of heavy-duty gas turbine component testing, the film cooling unit and realizable K-epsilon turbulence model were employed. Numerical simulations were conducted for multiple exhaust film holes with varying curvature and pitch-row under different operating conditions. The heat transfer distribution along the flow direction and radial direction of the high temperature wall was analyzed, as well as the influence of heat transfer under different geometrical parameters. The results indicate that for the integrated configuration of large-diameter cooling units, a blowing ratio of 0.3 yields the most comprehensive cooling effect, primarily due to the extensive spatial coverage by the gas film and the weakening of eddy dissipation mechanisms. Additionally, it was observed that with an increase in hole distance ratio for multiple exhaust film holes, cold air could more stably participate in heat exchange with high-temperature flue gas wake at the outlet of the gas film hole; thus, a hole distance ratio of 3.0 provides optimal comprehensive cooling effects.
为了降低重型燃气轮机部件测试工程应用中传统冷却方法造成的潜在运行损坏风险,采用了薄膜冷却装置和可实现的 K-epsilon 湍流模型。在不同的运行条件下,对具有不同曲率和间距的多个排气膜孔进行了数值模拟。分析了沿流向和高温壁径向的传热分布,以及不同几何参数对传热的影响。结果表明,对于大直径冷却单元的集成配置,0.3 的吹气比产生的冷却效果最全面,这主要是由于气膜的广泛空间覆盖和涡流耗散机制的减弱。此外,还观察到随着多个排气膜孔的孔距比增加,冷空气可以更稳定地参与气膜孔出口处高温烟气唤醒的热交换;因此,3.0 的孔距比可以提供最佳的综合冷却效果。
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引用次数: 0
Performance assessment of deep borehole heat exchanger heating system under different heating modes 不同加热模式下深孔热交换器加热系统的性能评估
Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/2838/1/012036
Chao Zhu, Peng Shi, Tuo Zhang, Zhuang Li, Chen Quan, Feng Li, Qing Xia
With the transition towards renewable energy sources, particularly as we move away from fossil fuels, there has been a constant evolution of deep borehole heat exchanger (DBHE) coupled heat pump heating technology. On the basis of the heat-exchanging properties of circulating fluid in the DBHE heating system, this paper clarifies the setup forms of this system, and elucidates the influence of heat extraction performance. After analysis and research, it can be concluded that the direct supply mode shows a more prominent decline in water temperature compared to the coupled heat pump and coupled plate heat exchanger modes. The imported and exported water temperatures when heating ends were recorded as 9.98°C and 16°C, respectively. The imported and exported water temperatures for both the direct supply and the coupled plate heat exchanger modes tend to be similar at 19.6°C and 25.5°C at a temperature of 7°C. Heat pump not only enhances the heat exchange features of ground source heat pump (GSHP) heating system, but also defines the configuration of heat extraction performance of DBHE. The system power consumption in the coupled plate heat exchanger mode is lower than that in the heat pump mode which is conducive to stable operation. Therefore, the best design form of the DBHE Heating System is the heat pump coupled plate exchange mode.
随着向可再生能源的过渡,特别是在我们摒弃化石燃料的过程中,深孔热交换器(DBHE)耦合热泵供热技术也在不断发展。本文以 DBHE 供热系统中循环流体的换热特性为基础,阐明了该系统的设置形式,并阐明了其对取热性能的影响。经过分析和研究,可以得出结论:与耦合热泵和耦合板式换热器模式相比,直供模式的水温下降更为明显。加热结束时的进出口水温分别为 9.98°C 和 16°C。直供模式和耦合板式热交换器模式的进出口水温相似,在温度为 7°C 时分别为 19.6°C 和 25.5°C。热泵不仅增强了地源热泵(GSHP)供热系统的热交换功能,还确定了 DBHE 的取热性能配置。耦合板式换热器模式下的系统功耗低于热泵模式,有利于系统稳定运行。因此,DBHE 供热系统的最佳设计形式是热泵耦合板式换热器模式。
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引用次数: 0
Effects of several typical plastic combustion residues on gasoline 几种典型塑料燃烧残留物对汽油的影响
Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/2838/1/012014
Lili Yu, E Dazhi, Shujun Liu
In order to solve the interference caused by polymer materials on gasoline accelerants in arson cases, the characteristics of residues after combustion of some typical plastics are studied. Comparing it to the combustion residue of gasoline, we discussed the interference in gasoline detection. The results show that the combustion products of these plastics mainly interfere with the alkanes and aromatic hydrocarbons in gasoline. Polyethylene, polystyrene, and polyvinyl chloride mainly produce C9-C16 branched-chain and straight-chain alkanes. Polystyrene and ABS resin generated C5 and C6 alkanes, also generated C1-benzene, C2 - benzene, and styrene. It mainly affects the identification of aromatic hydrocarbons in gasoline combustion residues. Understanding the types and characteristics of products in the combustion residues of these plastics can provide powerful evidence for fire investigators and criminal technicians in physical evidence identification.
为了解决纵火案中高分子材料对汽油助燃剂的干扰,研究了一些典型塑料燃烧后残留物的特征。将其与汽油燃烧残留物进行比较,讨论了其对汽油检测的干扰。结果表明,这些塑料的燃烧产物主要干扰汽油中的烷烃和芳香烃。聚乙烯、聚苯乙烯和聚氯乙烯主要产生 C9-C16 支链和直链烷烃。聚苯乙烯和 ABS 树脂会产生 C5 和 C6 烷烃,还会产生 C1-苯、C2-苯和苯乙烯。它主要影响汽油燃烧残留物中芳香烃的鉴定。了解这些塑料燃烧残留物中产物的类型和特征,可为火灾调查人员和刑事技术人员提供有力的物证鉴定证据。
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引用次数: 0
Imine-based nickel/cobalt covalent organic framework with high rate and stability for supercapacitor 用于超级电容器的具有高速率和高稳定性的亚胺基镍/钴共价有机框架
Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/2838/1/012025
Guanwen Wang, Chunlei Chi, Zheng Liu, Zhuangjun Fan
Due to their regular pore structure, long-range order, and structural stability, COFs (Covalent Organic Frameworks) have gradually been employed as electrode materials for supercapacitors. However, owing to their two-dimensional stacking structure, poor conductivity, and the lack of effective redox-active sites, they usually exhibit inferior rate performance and cycling stability. Therefore, we design an imine-based Ni0.7Co0.3-COF anchored with Ni/Co redox centres at the atomic level and adjust their proportion. This approach optimizes the electronic structure and enhances the electronic conductivity and redox activity of Ni0.7Co0.3-COF. Ni0.7Co0.3-COF are grown through thin-layered cross-linking, significantly shortening both the ion and electron transport pathways. This improves the contact area between electrolyte ions and electrode materials and enhances the utilization of redox centres, thereby substantially improving the rate performance (1300 F g−1 at 50 A g−1) and cycling stability (72% retention after 5000 cycles) of Ni0.7Co0.3-COF.
由于具有规则的孔隙结构、长程有序性和结构稳定性,共价有机框架(COFs)已逐渐被用作超级电容器的电极材料。然而,由于其二维堆叠结构、导电性差以及缺乏有效的氧化还原活性位点,它们通常表现出较低的速率性能和循环稳定性。因此,我们设计了一种亚胺基 Ni0.7Co0.3-COF,在原子水平上锚定了 Ni/Co 氧化还原中心,并调整了它们的比例。这种方法优化了 Ni0.7Co0.3-COF 的电子结构,提高了其电子导电性和氧化还原活性。Ni0.7Co0.3-COF 通过薄层交联生长,大大缩短了离子和电子的传输路径。这改善了电解质离子与电极材料之间的接触面积,提高了氧化还原中心的利用率,从而大大提高了 Ni0.7Co0.3-COF 的速率性能(50 A g-1 时 1300 F g-1)和循环稳定性(5000 次循环后 72% 的保留率)。
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引用次数: 0
High proportion of new energy power system frequency and voltage support and regulation technology based on doubly fed induction generator 基于双馈异步发电机的高比例新能源电力系统频率和电压支持与调节技术
Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/2838/1/012033
Jian Zhang, Wenfeng Li, Zhichen Geng, Changhao Guo
With the increasing proportion of new energy in power systems, issues regarding system voltage, inertia, and primary frequency regulation have become increasingly severe. In response to control and grid safety issues, a high proportion of new energy power system frequency and voltage support and regulation technology based on a doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) is proposed. The voltage-magnetic link equation of DFIG is theoretically derived, and the control principles of active and reactive power of DFIG are proposed. The support and regulation characteristics of improving the voltage of new energy substations are studied. Verification is conducted through large-scale grid simulation and on-site measurements.
随着新能源在电力系统中所占比例的不断增加,系统电压、惯性和一次频率调节等问题变得日益严峻。针对控制和电网安全问题,提出了一种基于双馈异步发电机(DFIG)的高比例新能源电力系统频率和电压支持与调节技术。从理论上推导了双馈异步发电机的电压-磁场联系方程,提出了双馈异步发电机有功和无功功率的控制原理。研究了改善新能源变电站电压的支持和调节特性。通过大规模电网仿真和现场测量进行了验证。
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引用次数: 0
Analysis of the limitation factors of thick cathodes based on experimental and P2D model simulations 基于实验和 P2D 模型模拟的厚阴极限制因素分析
Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/2838/1/012026
Bin Qi, Zhiyuan Li, Lei Song, Guanwen Wang, Tong Wei
The thickness of the electrode significantly impacts battery performance. Increasing electrode thickness contributes to higher energy density, but it also leads to a decline in rate capability and stability. Therefore, a balance must be struck when determining electrode thickness. In this context, we compare experimental results with numerical simulations to reveal the primary reasons behind the drastic reduction in battery capacity and rate performance due to excessively thick electrodes. At the same time, there is minimal difference between experimental and simulated results at lower electrode thicknesses and smaller currents. As the electrode thickness and current increase, experimental performance deteriorates more rapidly, which arises from the uneven distribution of various components within the cathode during the drying process. In addition, we also simulated the capacity of the crack-free electrode and the depth of discharge at various locations within it, thus determining the main factors of its capacity decline.
电极的厚度对电池性能有重大影响。增加电极厚度有助于提高能量密度,但同时也会导致速率能力和稳定性下降。因此,在确定电极厚度时必须取得平衡。在此背景下,我们将实验结果与数值模拟结果进行了比较,以揭示电极过厚导致电池容量和速率性能急剧下降的主要原因。同时,在电极厚度较小、电流较小时,实验结果与模拟结果的差异很小。随着电极厚度和电流的增加,实验结果会迅速恶化,这是由于阴极在干燥过程中各种成分分布不均造成的。此外,我们还模拟了无裂纹电极的容量及其内部不同位置的放电深度,从而确定了其容量下降的主要因素。
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引用次数: 0
Efficient Co-ZrO2 electrocatalyst achieves high-performance solid-state lithium-sulfur batteries 高效 Co-ZrO2 电催化剂实现高性能固态锂硫电池
Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/2838/1/012030
Yanyan Ma, Jianhua Yan
Li-S batteries are recognized as a promising secondary battery system because of their high energy density, low cost, and environmental friendliness. However, the development of Li-S batteries is mainly limited by issues such as electrode volume expansion, lithium polysulfide (LiPSs) shuttle, and slow redox reaction kinetics of sulfur. Here, a kind of solid-state Li-S battery with in situ solidified solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) is reported, which dramatically reduces the electrode/electrolyte interfacial impedance. In addition, electrospinning is used to fabricate a macroporous carbon nanofibers film (MP-CNFs) loaded with dispersed Co-ZrO2 nanodot electrocatalyst as the cathode host. The in-situ gel electrolyte can be easily infiltrated into the porous carbon nanofibers and contact the Co-ZrO2 catalyst, thus fully exerting its catalytic and conversion effects on LiPSs. The results indicate that solid-state Li-S batteries exhibit a high initial capacity of 795.5 mA h·g−1 and a capacity retention rate of ∼100% after 200 cycles at 1 C.
锂-硫电池因其能量密度高、成本低和环境友好而被认为是一种前景广阔的二次电池系统。然而,锂-S 电池的发展主要受限于电极体积膨胀、多硫化锂(LiPSs)穿梭、硫的氧化还原反应动力学缓慢等问题。本文报告了一种采用原位固化固态电解质(SSEs)的固态锂-S 电池,它能显著降低电极/电解质界面阻抗。此外,还利用电纺丝技术制备了负载分散 Co-ZrO2 纳米点电催化剂的大孔碳纳米纤维薄膜(MP-CNFs),作为阴极宿主。原位凝胶电解质很容易渗入多孔碳纳米纤维并与 Co-ZrO2 催化剂接触,从而充分发挥其对锂离子电池的催化和转化作用。结果表明,固态锂离子电池的初始容量高达 795.5 mA h-g-1,在 1 C 下循环 200 次后,容量保持率可达 100%。
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引用次数: 0
Energy flow tracking of integrated energy system with electric thermal storage boiler 带有电蓄热锅炉的综合能源系统的能量流跟踪
Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/2838/1/012029
Guangzhe Liang, Xiaoming Zhang, Chonglei Ding, Jiaoyang Feng
With the complexity and diversification of the integrated energy system, accurate optimization of resource allocation and scheduling has become the focus of research. This paper studies the energy flow tracking technology of the heat-electric integrated energy system with an electric thermal storage boiler. The modeling of the electric thermal storage boiler and the application of the energy flow tracking technology not only improves the flexibility and stability of the system but also realizes the comprehensive monitoring and analysis of the electric energy and heat energy flow in the system. Finally, the energy flow tracking technology is used to reveal the flow path and distribution of energy in the system through the example of the integrated energy system. It also shows the flexible energy and space-time transfer characteristics of the electric thermal storage boiler in the electrothermal integrated energy system.
随着综合能源系统的复杂化和多样化,精确优化资源配置和调度已成为研究的重点。本文研究了带有电蓄热锅炉的热电综合能源系统的能量流跟踪技术。电蓄热锅炉的建模和能量流跟踪技术的应用不仅提高了系统的灵活性和稳定性,还实现了对系统中电能流和热能流的全面监测和分析。最后,通过综合能源系统的实例,利用能量流跟踪技术揭示了系统中能量的流动路径和分布情况。同时,还展示了电热综合能源系统中电热蓄能锅炉的柔性能量和时空转移特性。
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引用次数: 0
Service performance of nitrile rubber sealing ring under 70 MPa high-pressure hydrogen 丁腈橡胶密封环在 70 兆帕高压氢气下的使用性能
Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/2838/1/012010
Xiaozhen Lei, Bin Zheng
The service performance of NBR seals under 70 MPa high-pressure hydrogen was investigated, and the effects of vulcanization additives, fillers, and crude systems on their sealing performance were investigated. The sealing performance was characterized by the changes in volume and hardness before and after the service of the seals.
研究了 NBR 密封件在 70 兆帕高压氢气下的使用性能,并探讨了硫化添加剂、填料和粗制体系对其密封性能的影响。密封性能通过密封件使用前后的体积和硬度变化来表征。
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of Physics: Conference Series
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