Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/2767/2/022027
M. Manolesos, Y. Celik, H. Ramsay, R. Karande, B. Wood, I. Dinwoodie, I. Masters, M. Harrold, G. Papadakis
This study presents the results of a collaborative effort between academia and industry aimed at further enhancing the benefits provided by Vortex Generators and Gurney Flaps. To achieve this objective, an integrated approach was employed, involving wind tunnel experiments, on-site measurements, and computational simulations to design devices tailored for an onshore (Vestas V52, 850 kW) turbine and assess their influence on turbine performance. Device selection was based on wind tunnel measurements, while their positioning on the blade was based on infrared thermography images from the field. A Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes solver was used to predict the performance of the devices on both airfoil and blade level. The final assessment of the upgrade pack was based on SCADA data and Lidar measurements. The results show that an Annual Energy Production uplift of 5.77% is measured for this turbine.
{"title":"Performance improvement of a Vestas V52 850kW wind turbine by retrofitting passive flow control devices","authors":"M. Manolesos, Y. Celik, H. Ramsay, R. Karande, B. Wood, I. Dinwoodie, I. Masters, M. Harrold, G. Papadakis","doi":"10.1088/1742-6596/2767/2/022027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2767/2/022027","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents the results of a collaborative effort between academia and industry aimed at further enhancing the benefits provided by Vortex Generators and Gurney Flaps. To achieve this objective, an integrated approach was employed, involving wind tunnel experiments, on-site measurements, and computational simulations to design devices tailored for an onshore (Vestas V52, 850 kW) turbine and assess their influence on turbine performance. Device selection was based on wind tunnel measurements, while their positioning on the blade was based on infrared thermography images from the field. A Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes solver was used to predict the performance of the devices on both airfoil and blade level. The final assessment of the upgrade pack was based on SCADA data and Lidar measurements. The results show that an Annual Energy Production uplift of 5.77% is measured for this turbine.","PeriodicalId":16821,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physics: Conference Series","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141413180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/2767/4/042002
Louis Gagnon, Thorsten Lutz
This paper presents a method for automatically reconstructing and smoothing surfaces from laser-scanned wind turbine blades. The aim is to accurately reconstruct turbine blade surfaces in the absence of an accurate CAD model. The input consists of a series of imperfectly aligned blade point clouds, and the output is a CFD surface mesh. The automatic process starts by segmenting the blade into as many sections as there are points in the spanwise direction of the target CFD mesh. Each segment is prepared for conversion into a periodic B-spline by undergoing angular sorting, application of the Iterative Closest Point algorithm, and light smoothing with the Savitzky-Golay filter. The final surface mesh consists of a series of B-spline airfoils with matching control points fitted on a series of spanwise nonperiodic splines. The smoothed airfoils closely match the noisy point cloud data across the entire blade. Three blades of a single turbine were scanned and meshed. The maximum distance between the blade tips of the three clouds is 2.5 cm (0.1% radius). Minor differences in airfoil profiles were observed, but they had negligible effects on lift and drag. Pitch torques were slightly more affected.
本文介绍了一种自动重建和平滑激光扫描风力涡轮机叶片表面的方法。其目的是在没有精确 CAD 模型的情况下，准确重建风机叶片表面。输入包括一系列不完全对齐的叶片点云，输出为 CFD 表面网格。自动流程的第一步是将叶片分割成与目标 CFD 网格跨度方向上的点一样多的部分。通过角度排序、应用迭代最邻近点算法以及使用萨维茨基-戈莱滤波器进行轻度平滑，将每个分段转换为周期性 B 样条。最终的曲面网格由一系列 B 样条翼面和与之匹配的控制点组成，控制点安装在一系列跨向非周期性样条上。平滑后的翼面与整个叶片上的噪声点云数据非常吻合。对单个涡轮机的三个叶片进行了扫描和网格划分。三片云的叶尖之间的最大距离为 2.5 厘米（0.1% 半径）。观察到机翼轮廓存在细微差别，但对升力和阻力的影响可以忽略不计。俯仰扭矩受到的影响稍大。
{"title":"Transforming Laser-Scanned 750 kW Turbine Surface Geometry Data into Smooth CAD for CFD Simulations","authors":"Louis Gagnon, Thorsten Lutz","doi":"10.1088/1742-6596/2767/4/042002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2767/4/042002","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a method for automatically reconstructing and smoothing surfaces from laser-scanned wind turbine blades. The aim is to accurately reconstruct turbine blade surfaces in the absence of an accurate CAD model. The input consists of a series of imperfectly aligned blade point clouds, and the output is a CFD surface mesh. The automatic process starts by segmenting the blade into as many sections as there are points in the spanwise direction of the target CFD mesh. Each segment is prepared for conversion into a periodic B-spline by undergoing angular sorting, application of the Iterative Closest Point algorithm, and light smoothing with the Savitzky-Golay filter. The final surface mesh consists of a series of B-spline airfoils with matching control points fitted on a series of spanwise nonperiodic splines. The smoothed airfoils closely match the noisy point cloud data across the entire blade. Three blades of a single turbine were scanned and meshed. The maximum distance between the blade tips of the three clouds is 2.5 cm (0.1% radius). Minor differences in airfoil profiles were observed, but they had negligible effects on lift and drag. Pitch torques were slightly more affected.","PeriodicalId":16821,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physics: Conference Series","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141410122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/2767/9/092082
M. A. Zúňiga Inestroza, P. Hulsman, V. Petrović
This study provides a wind tunnel investigation to identify effective ways of derating an upstream turbine for mitigating wake-induced power losses. Short-range continuous-wave lidar measurements are used to remotely map the time-averaged wake characteristics of a controllable model wind turbine under uniform inflow with negligible turbulence. The analysis focuses on comparing four distinct static induction control (SIC) strategies, each at targeted derating levels of 5 % and 10 %, against a conventional greedy strategy. The results indicate that pitch-to-feather combined with an increased tip-speed ratio is the most favourable approach for minimising wake losses in a two-turbine setup. Notably, power gains of up to 3.8 % are achieved for partial and full wake overlap conditions at 5 % derating and small turbine spacing. These observations are consistent with previous field experiments, suggesting that SIC may be advantageous in wind farms with closely spaced turbines. Overall, these findings underscore the importance of carefully selecting and understanding the implemented derating strategy for supporting wind farm flow control applications.
本研究提供了一项风洞调查，以确定降低上游涡轮机功率的有效方法，从而减少尾流引起的功率损失。短程连续波激光雷达测量用于远程绘制可控模型风力涡轮机在均匀流入和可忽略湍流条件下的时间平均尾流特征。分析重点是比较四种不同的静态感应控制（SIC）策略与传统的贪婪策略，每种策略的目标降额水平分别为 5% 和 10%。结果表明，在双涡轮设置中，变桨-变羽结合增加顶速比是最大限度减少尾流损失的最有利方法。值得注意的是，在降额 5%、涡轮间距较小的情况下，部分和全部尾流重叠条件下的功率增益可达 3.8%。这些观察结果与之前的现场实验一致，表明 SIC 在风机间距较近的风电场中可能具有优势。总之，这些发现强调了谨慎选择和理解所实施的降额策略对于支持风电场流量控制应用的重要性。
{"title":"On the impact of different static induction control strategies on a wind turbine wake","authors":"M. A. Zúňiga Inestroza, P. Hulsman, V. Petrović","doi":"10.1088/1742-6596/2767/9/092082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2767/9/092082","url":null,"abstract":"This study provides a wind tunnel investigation to identify effective ways of derating an upstream turbine for mitigating wake-induced power losses. Short-range continuous-wave lidar measurements are used to remotely map the time-averaged wake characteristics of a controllable model wind turbine under uniform inflow with negligible turbulence. The analysis focuses on comparing four distinct static induction control (SIC) strategies, each at targeted derating levels of 5 % and 10 %, against a conventional greedy strategy. The results indicate that pitch-to-feather combined with an increased tip-speed ratio is the most favourable approach for minimising wake losses in a two-turbine setup. Notably, power gains of up to 3.8 % are achieved for partial and full wake overlap conditions at 5 % derating and small turbine spacing. These observations are consistent with previous field experiments, suggesting that SIC may be advantageous in wind farms with closely spaced turbines. Overall, these findings underscore the importance of carefully selecting and understanding the implemented derating strategy for supporting wind farm flow control applications.","PeriodicalId":16821,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physics: Conference Series","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141398260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/2767/3/032006
Lisa Ziegler, Andreas Schulze, Michael Henning
There is an increasing amount of curtailment of wind parks due to grid overload or negative market prices. Operators need to also account for the effect of curtailment on component loads, wear, and lifetime. This paper investigates curtailment leading to turbine shutdown. A novel methodology to optimize the length of curtailment intervals based on load neutrality is introduced. Measurement data from the structural health monitoring system of an onshore and an offshore wind turbine are used to quantify effects of curtailment on loads and wear of tower, blade, and pitch system. Shutdown and start-up events increase loads on the tower and pitch system. Blades benefit from lower edgewise loads and reduced erosion. Results show that load neutrality for the tower is reached on average after 63 min of idling for the onshore and after 200 min for the offshore wind turbine evaluated (not generalizable). An optimal curtailment strategy shall use flexible time intervals but ensure load neutrality on yearly average. This can serve as a simple and valuable guideline for wind farm operators to evaluate the criticality of curtailment times in terms of asset fatigue life. Future research shall investigate curtailment strategies that also include deration of power output.
{"title":"Optimization of curtailment intervals of wind turbines through assessment of measured loads during start-up and shutdown events","authors":"Lisa Ziegler, Andreas Schulze, Michael Henning","doi":"10.1088/1742-6596/2767/3/032006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2767/3/032006","url":null,"abstract":"There is an increasing amount of curtailment of wind parks due to grid overload or negative market prices. Operators need to also account for the effect of curtailment on component loads, wear, and lifetime. This paper investigates curtailment leading to turbine shutdown. A novel methodology to optimize the length of curtailment intervals based on load neutrality is introduced. Measurement data from the structural health monitoring system of an onshore and an offshore wind turbine are used to quantify effects of curtailment on loads and wear of tower, blade, and pitch system. Shutdown and start-up events increase loads on the tower and pitch system. Blades benefit from lower edgewise loads and reduced erosion. Results show that load neutrality for the tower is reached on average after 63 min of idling for the onshore and after 200 min for the offshore wind turbine evaluated (not generalizable). An optimal curtailment strategy shall use flexible time intervals but ensure load neutrality on yearly average. This can serve as a simple and valuable guideline for wind farm operators to evaluate the criticality of curtailment times in terms of asset fatigue life. Future research shall investigate curtailment strategies that also include deration of power output.","PeriodicalId":16821,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physics: Conference Series","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141411505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/2730/1/012006
Chongyuan Li, Weixing Yao
This article introduces a method to determine the Detail Fatigue Rating (DFR) of lugs through constant amplitude fatigue testing. Fatigue tests of titanium alloy lugs were designed, and the DFR of lugs was calculated based on the test results. A comparative analysis was conducted from two aspects: the relative width (d/b) and the loading direction (θ) of straight lugs, and the effect of lug parameters on the DFR was discussed. The results indicate that the DFR of lugs is positively correlated with the relative width (d/b) and negatively correlated with the loading direction (θ).
{"title":"The effect of lug parameters on titanium alloy lug’s detail fatigue rating","authors":"Chongyuan Li, Weixing Yao","doi":"10.1088/1742-6596/2730/1/012006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2730/1/012006","url":null,"abstract":"This article introduces a method to determine the Detail Fatigue Rating (DFR) of lugs through constant amplitude fatigue testing. Fatigue tests of titanium alloy lugs were designed, and the DFR of lugs was calculated based on the test results. A comparative analysis was conducted from two aspects: the relative width (d/b) and the loading direction (θ) of straight lugs, and the effect of lug parameters on the DFR was discussed. The results indicate that the DFR of lugs is positively correlated with the relative width (d/b) and negatively correlated with the loading direction (θ).","PeriodicalId":16821,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physics: Conference Series","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141414443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The mechanical and microstructure properties of the AZ80 magnesium alloy in deformed and T6 states were evaluated and analyzed by tensile testing and metallographic analysis. The results showed that the grain size of the magnesium alloy increased after T6 treatment, whereas the number of deformed grains decreased considerably. These changes were accompanied by a transformation of the β-Mg17Al12 phase from a discontinuous point-like morphology to a continuous lath-like morphology. After T6 treatment, the tensile strength and yield strength of the material were significantly improved. These findings indicated that the microstructure of the AZ80 magnesium alloy was altered through T6 treatment, and its mechanical properties were markedly enhanced.
{"title":"Effects of T6 treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of az80 magnesium alloy","authors":"Rui Jiang, Ruolan Wang, Boyuan Ding, Zhenwei Zhang","doi":"10.1088/1742-6596/2730/1/012040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2730/1/012040","url":null,"abstract":"The mechanical and microstructure properties of the AZ80 magnesium alloy in deformed and T6 states were evaluated and analyzed by tensile testing and metallographic analysis. The results showed that the grain size of the magnesium alloy increased after T6 treatment, whereas the number of deformed grains decreased considerably. These changes were accompanied by a transformation of the β-Mg17Al12 phase from a discontinuous point-like morphology to a continuous lath-like morphology. After T6 treatment, the tensile strength and yield strength of the material were significantly improved. These findings indicated that the microstructure of the AZ80 magnesium alloy was altered through T6 treatment, and its mechanical properties were markedly enhanced.","PeriodicalId":16821,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physics: Conference Series","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141395616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/2767/8/082017
N. Dimitrov, M. Kelly, M. McWilliam, M. Guiton, A. Cousin, PA Joulin, ML Mayol, M. Munoz-Zuniga, L. Franceschini, A. Lovera, E. Fekhari, E. Ardillon, C. Peyrard, M. Bakhoday-Paskyabi, S. Marelli, S. Schar, E. Vanem, C. Agrell, O. Gramstad, H. Wang
This paper illustrates the process of design under uncertainty on a practical case study of an offshore wind farm. We document the entire process through selection and quantification of relevant uncertainties, definition of probabilistic limit states, reliability computation algorithms, as well as illustrating the impacts of the analysis through a design utilization study. The brief introduction in this study draws information and summarizes outcomes from the extensive works that took part within the EU H2020 HIPERWIND project. The results from the study show that significant material savings can be achieved by introducing probabilistic design methodologies, and particularly with the help of an integrated modelling approach where the entire structure (turbine, tower & foundation) is considered as a whole.
{"title":"End-to-end wind turbine design under uncertainties: a practical example","authors":"N. Dimitrov, M. Kelly, M. McWilliam, M. Guiton, A. Cousin, PA Joulin, ML Mayol, M. Munoz-Zuniga, L. Franceschini, A. Lovera, E. Fekhari, E. Ardillon, C. Peyrard, M. Bakhoday-Paskyabi, S. Marelli, S. Schar, E. Vanem, C. Agrell, O. Gramstad, H. Wang","doi":"10.1088/1742-6596/2767/8/082017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2767/8/082017","url":null,"abstract":"This paper illustrates the process of design under uncertainty on a practical case study of an offshore wind farm. We document the entire process through selection and quantification of relevant uncertainties, definition of probabilistic limit states, reliability computation algorithms, as well as illustrating the impacts of the analysis through a design utilization study. The brief introduction in this study draws information and summarizes outcomes from the extensive works that took part within the EU H2020 HIPERWIND project. The results from the study show that significant material savings can be achieved by introducing probabilistic design methodologies, and particularly with the help of an integrated modelling approach where the entire structure (turbine, tower & foundation) is considered as a whole.","PeriodicalId":16821,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physics: Conference Series","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141410891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/2767/3/032039
Mandar Phadnis, Alejandra S. Escalera Mendoza, Michael W. Jeong, E. Loth, D. Todd Griffith, Manuel Pusch, Lucy Pao
As conventional upwind wind turbines grow larger, the increased mass and flexibility of the longer blades present challenges concerning costs, structural loads, and safety constraints such as tower clearance. At extreme scales, wind turbines in a downwind configuration may provide a feasible alternative to address these challenges by allowing lightweight, flexible blades that can reduce capital costs and blade loads while maintaining safety margins. Downwind turbine blades suffer from increased fatigue loading due to the tower shadow effect. In this study, novel downwind, three-bladed wind turbine designs at 25 MW rating with lightweight, flexible blades are evaluated and compared in terms of power production and structural loading. To obtain a baseline performance, a standard collective blade pitch wind turbine controller is implemented for the two downwind and one upwind turbine designs. Individual pitch control is then added for the downwind turbines to reduce structural fatigue on the turbine blades. In summary, the two downwind turbine designs that differ in rotor pre-coning and shaft tilt angles using collective and individual pitch control are compared against a conventional upwind turbine with collective pitch control at the same scale under turbulent wind conditions.
{"title":"Comparison of 25 MW downwind and upwind turbine designs with individual pitch control","authors":"Mandar Phadnis, Alejandra S. Escalera Mendoza, Michael W. Jeong, E. Loth, D. Todd Griffith, Manuel Pusch, Lucy Pao","doi":"10.1088/1742-6596/2767/3/032039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2767/3/032039","url":null,"abstract":"As conventional upwind wind turbines grow larger, the increased mass and flexibility of the longer blades present challenges concerning costs, structural loads, and safety constraints such as tower clearance. At extreme scales, wind turbines in a downwind configuration may provide a feasible alternative to address these challenges by allowing lightweight, flexible blades that can reduce capital costs and blade loads while maintaining safety margins. Downwind turbine blades suffer from increased fatigue loading due to the tower shadow effect. In this study, novel downwind, three-bladed wind turbine designs at 25 MW rating with lightweight, flexible blades are evaluated and compared in terms of power production and structural loading. To obtain a baseline performance, a standard collective blade pitch wind turbine controller is implemented for the two downwind and one upwind turbine designs. Individual pitch control is then added for the downwind turbines to reduce structural fatigue on the turbine blades. In summary, the two downwind turbine designs that differ in rotor pre-coning and shaft tilt angles using collective and individual pitch control are compared against a conventional upwind turbine with collective pitch control at the same scale under turbulent wind conditions.","PeriodicalId":16821,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physics: Conference Series","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141405070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/2767/2/022048
K. Ebstrup, N. N. Sørensen, F. Bertagnolio, C. Grinderslev, S. G. Horcas
The vortex-induced forces on an extruded cylinder with a span of two diameters representative of a finite segment of a non-tapered wind turbine tower at a very high Reynolds number (Re = 8.0×106) are numerically investigated using an incompressible Navier-Stokes flow solver with an Improved Delayed Detached Eddy Simulation (IDDES) turbulence model and correlation-based boundary layer transition modelling. The solution shows spanwise correlated structured vortex shedding with the Strouhal number St = 0.48. The boundary layer transition is found to occur at θ transition = 70 ◦ , and boundary layer separation is found to occur at θ separation = 120 ◦ . Results from the grid dependency study strongly imply that when using IDDES, the Strouhal number converges to higher values than previously reported by the literature as the grid is refined, with results ranging from St ∼ 0.44 using a grid with 4.2 × 106 cells, to St = 0.48 for the finest considered grid with 33 × 106 cells. This behaviour is not seen for URANS, where St = 0.33 for the finest grid.
使用不可压缩纳维-斯托克斯流求解器、改进型延迟分离涡模拟（IDDES）湍流模型和基于相关性的边界层过渡建模，对在极高雷诺数（Re = 8.0×106）条件下代表非锥形风力涡轮机塔有限段的两直径跨度挤压圆柱体上的涡诱力进行了数值研究。求解结果显示了跨度相关的结构性涡流脱落，斯特劳哈尔数 St = 0.48。边界层过渡发生在 θ 过渡 = 70 ◦，边界层分离发生在 θ 分离 = 120 ◦。网格相关性研究的结果强烈暗示，在使用 IDDES 时，随着网格的细化，斯特劳哈尔数会收敛到比以前文献报道的更高值，结果范围从使用 4.2 × 106 个单元的网格时的 St ∼ 0.44，到使用 33 × 106 个单元的最细网格时的 St = 0.48。URANS 没有出现这种情况，其最细网格的 St = 0.33。
{"title":"Numerical investigation of vortex-induced forces on a wind turbine tower segment at very high Reynolds numbers","authors":"K. Ebstrup, N. N. Sørensen, F. Bertagnolio, C. Grinderslev, S. G. Horcas","doi":"10.1088/1742-6596/2767/2/022048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2767/2/022048","url":null,"abstract":"The vortex-induced forces on an extruded cylinder with a span of two diameters representative of a finite segment of a non-tapered wind turbine tower at a very high Reynolds number (Re = 8.0×106) are numerically investigated using an incompressible Navier-Stokes flow solver with an Improved Delayed Detached Eddy Simulation (IDDES) turbulence model and correlation-based boundary layer transition modelling. The solution shows spanwise correlated structured vortex shedding with the Strouhal number St = 0.48. The boundary layer transition is found to occur at θ transition = 70 ◦ , and boundary layer separation is found to occur at θ separation = 120 ◦ . Results from the grid dependency study strongly imply that when using IDDES, the Strouhal number converges to higher values than previously reported by the literature as the grid is refined, with results ranging from St ∼ 0.44 using a grid with 4.2 × 106 cells, to St = 0.48 for the finest considered grid with 33 × 106 cells. This behaviour is not seen for URANS, where St = 0.33 for the finest grid.","PeriodicalId":16821,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physics: Conference Series","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141405978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/2767/2/022051
Konstantina Ntrelia, S. Vandewalle, J. Meyers
The present study aims to investigate a newly developed multirate time integration technique on aeroelastic simulations of the DTU 10 MW reference wind turbine inside a turbulent atmospheric boundary layer. The turbine is modelled using an actuator line model and a multibody structural solver is employed for the dynamic response. The turbine is studied under cases of laminar flow and a pressure driven boundary layer. Results show that the scheme exhibits high accuracy and matches the theoretical order of the Runge–Kutta scheme. During unsteady operations, substantial deformations were observed that are influenced mainly by the turbine’s rotation and the effect of turbulence in fatigue loading is highlighted.
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