ABSTRACT Cu and Zn are common and potentially harmful heavy metals to plants, animals and humans. Herein, we investigated the effects of Cu and Zn stress on the photosynthesis and tolerance mechanism of alfalfa plants to ROS using fluorescence and biochemical methods. The results showed that Cu stress significantly reduced the chlorophyll content of the leaves, while Zn stress only reduced the Chl a content. The F v/F m decreased significantly under Cu stress but was not affected by Zn treatment. However, the PI ABS of the leaves were sensitive to Cu and Zn stress. Both Cu and Zn stress resulted in the weakening of the ability of PQ library to accept electrons, the damage of OEC and the inhibition of the electron transfer from QA - to QB. Moreover, Cu stress also dissociated the thylakoids of leaves, but Zn stress did not significantly damage it. In Cu and Zn stressed leaves, the reduction of RC/CS m significantly increased the ABS/RC and TR o/RC values. When the stress intensified, the value of DI o/RC increased indicated a plant self-protection mechanism that eliminates excess energy in the PSII reaction center and increases the energy for heat dissipation per unit reaction center. Cu stress significantly increased the O2 - production rate, H2O2 content, and MDA accumulation in the leaves. However, Zn stress exhibited a minimal effect on the ROS production and oxidative damage in the alfalfa leaves but increased the O2 - production rate at the concentration of 800 μmol·L−1. Cu stress increased the activities of SOD, POD, CAT, APX, and GPX in the leaves; however, leaves adapts to Zn stress by enhancing the activities of SOD and GPX. Thus under Cu stress, the degree of photoinhibition and oxidative damage in alfalfa leaves were significantly higher than under Zn stress.
{"title":"Cu and Zn Stress affect the photosynthetic and antioxidative systems of alfalfa (Medicago sativa)","authors":"Hongzhi Chen, Linlin Song, Hongbo Zhang, Jiechen Wang, Yue Wang, Huihui Zhang","doi":"10.1080/17429145.2022.2074157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17429145.2022.2074157","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Cu and Zn are common and potentially harmful heavy metals to plants, animals and humans. Herein, we investigated the effects of Cu and Zn stress on the photosynthesis and tolerance mechanism of alfalfa plants to ROS using fluorescence and biochemical methods. The results showed that Cu stress significantly reduced the chlorophyll content of the leaves, while Zn stress only reduced the Chl a content. The F v/F m decreased significantly under Cu stress but was not affected by Zn treatment. However, the PI ABS of the leaves were sensitive to Cu and Zn stress. Both Cu and Zn stress resulted in the weakening of the ability of PQ library to accept electrons, the damage of OEC and the inhibition of the electron transfer from QA - to QB. Moreover, Cu stress also dissociated the thylakoids of leaves, but Zn stress did not significantly damage it. In Cu and Zn stressed leaves, the reduction of RC/CS m significantly increased the ABS/RC and TR o/RC values. When the stress intensified, the value of DI o/RC increased indicated a plant self-protection mechanism that eliminates excess energy in the PSII reaction center and increases the energy for heat dissipation per unit reaction center. Cu stress significantly increased the O2 - production rate, H2O2 content, and MDA accumulation in the leaves. However, Zn stress exhibited a minimal effect on the ROS production and oxidative damage in the alfalfa leaves but increased the O2 - production rate at the concentration of 800 μmol·L−1. Cu stress increased the activities of SOD, POD, CAT, APX, and GPX in the leaves; however, leaves adapts to Zn stress by enhancing the activities of SOD and GPX. Thus under Cu stress, the degree of photoinhibition and oxidative damage in alfalfa leaves were significantly higher than under Zn stress.","PeriodicalId":16830,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Interactions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60093788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-16DOI: 10.1080/17429145.2022.2086307
Xiu Zhang, Jingfan Yan, M. Khashi u Rahman, Fengzhi Wu
ABSTRACT Plants constantly communicate with coexisting neighbors and adjust their physiological and morphological characteristics, including changes in root system architecture (RSA). Increased or decreased biomass accumulation, horizontal and vertical asymmetric distribution are the main behavioral performances. Some evidence has shown that these performances are associated with plant plasticity such as secretion of root exudates and release of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and describe the role of common mycorrhizal networks (CMNs) as a communication pathway during belowground interplant interaction. Here, we highlight the direct role of root exudates as cues and signals and the indirect effects via regulating soil nutrients and soil microorganisms of these media in root-root interactions on RSA have been taken into consideration. At last, the existing knowledge gaps and potential research directions have been outlined for a better understanding of plant belowground interactions via RSA.
{"title":"The impact of root exudates, volatile organic compounds, and common mycorrhizal networks on root system architecture in root-root interactions","authors":"Xiu Zhang, Jingfan Yan, M. Khashi u Rahman, Fengzhi Wu","doi":"10.1080/17429145.2022.2086307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17429145.2022.2086307","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Plants constantly communicate with coexisting neighbors and adjust their physiological and morphological characteristics, including changes in root system architecture (RSA). Increased or decreased biomass accumulation, horizontal and vertical asymmetric distribution are the main behavioral performances. Some evidence has shown that these performances are associated with plant plasticity such as secretion of root exudates and release of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and describe the role of common mycorrhizal networks (CMNs) as a communication pathway during belowground interplant interaction. Here, we highlight the direct role of root exudates as cues and signals and the indirect effects via regulating soil nutrients and soil microorganisms of these media in root-root interactions on RSA have been taken into consideration. At last, the existing knowledge gaps and potential research directions have been outlined for a better understanding of plant belowground interactions via RSA.","PeriodicalId":16830,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Interactions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48926588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-07DOI: 10.1080/17429145.2022.2085335
A. Bondok, W. Mousa, Asmaa A. M. Rady, K. Saad-Allah
ABSTRACT Prolonged drought presents a serious challenge to the agricultural sector. The main concern of this work was to assess the phenotypical, physiological, and molecular responses of five teosinte (Zea mexicana Schrad L.) genotypes (Ba, Gm1, Gm2, Gm3 and Gm4). In a two-season (2020 and 2021) field experiment, fifteen-day-old teosinte plants were subjected to well-watered (15-day watering frequency) as a control, moderate drought (25-day watering frequency), and extreme drought (35-day watering frequency) treatments. Drought negatively affected growth, yield, chlorophyll, and POD activity of all genotypes, but promoted soluble sugars and proteins, osmoregulatory molecules (glycinebetaine, amino acids, and proline), non-enzymatic antioxidants (phenols, flavonoids, and alkaloids), and SOD activity. Furthermore, long-term water stress upregulated MOCOS, Rad17, NCED1, CAT1, and P5CS genes expression, with Gm3 and Gm4 being the most drought-tolerant genotypes. These findings could be employed in breeding programs to develop tolerant genotypes to address the challenges posed by climate changes like drought.
{"title":"Phenotypical, physiological and molecular assessment of drought tolerance of five Egyptian teosinte genotypes","authors":"A. Bondok, W. Mousa, Asmaa A. M. Rady, K. Saad-Allah","doi":"10.1080/17429145.2022.2085335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17429145.2022.2085335","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Prolonged drought presents a serious challenge to the agricultural sector. The main concern of this work was to assess the phenotypical, physiological, and molecular responses of five teosinte (Zea mexicana Schrad L.) genotypes (Ba, Gm1, Gm2, Gm3 and Gm4). In a two-season (2020 and 2021) field experiment, fifteen-day-old teosinte plants were subjected to well-watered (15-day watering frequency) as a control, moderate drought (25-day watering frequency), and extreme drought (35-day watering frequency) treatments. Drought negatively affected growth, yield, chlorophyll, and POD activity of all genotypes, but promoted soluble sugars and proteins, osmoregulatory molecules (glycinebetaine, amino acids, and proline), non-enzymatic antioxidants (phenols, flavonoids, and alkaloids), and SOD activity. Furthermore, long-term water stress upregulated MOCOS, Rad17, NCED1, CAT1, and P5CS genes expression, with Gm3 and Gm4 being the most drought-tolerant genotypes. These findings could be employed in breeding programs to develop tolerant genotypes to address the challenges posed by climate changes like drought.","PeriodicalId":16830,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Interactions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41897727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT Suillus luteus is an edible ectomycorrhizal fungus (EMF). The S. luteus strain LS88 secretes many phytohormones, including salicylic acid (SA) and indole-3-carboxylic acid (ICA). LS88 was inoculated to the tree Pinus massoniana and treated with the amino acid fertilizer GGR6. Plant growth parameters, plant enzyme activities, chlorophyll contents, and element contents were analyzed. Our results show that GGR6 may help the development of S. luteus-P. massoniana ectomycorrhiza. Moreover, LS88 and GGR6 synergistically affect P. massoniana growth and element uptake. Phytohormone detection on the roots of LS88-inoculated P. massoniana seedlings showed that LS88 could significantly increase the ICA content within a week. The SA content in the roots in the inoculated group seedlings increased slightly, but the salicylic acid 2-O-β-glucoside (SAG) content decreased. Therefore, we speculate GGR6 may enhance the growth-promoting effect of EMF on plants, and LS88 affects P. massoniana growth through secreting phytohormones.
{"title":"Synergistic effect of phytohormone-producing ectomycorrhizal fungus Suillus luteus and fertilizer GGR6 on Pinus massoniana growth","authors":"Xueyu Pan, Jinhua Zhang, Zhenwen Xue, Junfeng Liang, Yanliu Chen, Ying Liu","doi":"10.1080/17429145.2022.2081369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17429145.2022.2081369","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Suillus luteus is an edible ectomycorrhizal fungus (EMF). The S. luteus strain LS88 secretes many phytohormones, including salicylic acid (SA) and indole-3-carboxylic acid (ICA). LS88 was inoculated to the tree Pinus massoniana and treated with the amino acid fertilizer GGR6. Plant growth parameters, plant enzyme activities, chlorophyll contents, and element contents were analyzed. Our results show that GGR6 may help the development of S. luteus-P. massoniana ectomycorrhiza. Moreover, LS88 and GGR6 synergistically affect P. massoniana growth and element uptake. Phytohormone detection on the roots of LS88-inoculated P. massoniana seedlings showed that LS88 could significantly increase the ICA content within a week. The SA content in the roots in the inoculated group seedlings increased slightly, but the salicylic acid 2-O-β-glucoside (SAG) content decreased. Therefore, we speculate GGR6 may enhance the growth-promoting effect of EMF on plants, and LS88 affects P. massoniana growth through secreting phytohormones.","PeriodicalId":16830,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Interactions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46461124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-26DOI: 10.1080/17429145.2022.2080291
Yang Zhao, Yingying He, Xixi Wang, Chang-feng Qu, J. Miao
ABSTRACT It has been discovered that many plants accumulate proline in response to osmotic stress. However, the interaction between salinity stress and proline metabolism-related genes has not been unequivocally identified in Spartina alterniflora. In our research, we successfully cloned key genes: SaP5CS1 and SaP5CS2, SaOAT, SaProT and correlated with expression profiles including SaPDH were also investigated. As the key enzyme genes for proline metabolism, the up-regulated expression of SaP5CS2 played a leading part under salt stress. Chlorophyll contents decreased gradually degree in leaves with prolonged salt stress time. Additionally, transgenic Arabidopsis overexpressing SaP5CS2 showed high tolerance to salt stress and accumulated more proline and H2O2 content was also reduced in salt stress condition. This study provided a foundation for deciphering the molecular osmoregulation underlying proline metabolism in S. alterniflora and SaP5CS2 may play an important role in conferred salinity tolerance by the regulation of proline.
{"title":"Proline metabolism regulation in Spartina alterniflora and SaP5CS2 gene positively regulates salt stress tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana","authors":"Yang Zhao, Yingying He, Xixi Wang, Chang-feng Qu, J. Miao","doi":"10.1080/17429145.2022.2080291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17429145.2022.2080291","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT It has been discovered that many plants accumulate proline in response to osmotic stress. However, the interaction between salinity stress and proline metabolism-related genes has not been unequivocally identified in Spartina alterniflora. In our research, we successfully cloned key genes: SaP5CS1 and SaP5CS2, SaOAT, SaProT and correlated with expression profiles including SaPDH were also investigated. As the key enzyme genes for proline metabolism, the up-regulated expression of SaP5CS2 played a leading part under salt stress. Chlorophyll contents decreased gradually degree in leaves with prolonged salt stress time. Additionally, transgenic Arabidopsis overexpressing SaP5CS2 showed high tolerance to salt stress and accumulated more proline and H2O2 content was also reduced in salt stress condition. This study provided a foundation for deciphering the molecular osmoregulation underlying proline metabolism in S. alterniflora and SaP5CS2 may play an important role in conferred salinity tolerance by the regulation of proline.","PeriodicalId":16830,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Interactions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42437625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT The DEAD-box family has been shown to play an important role in a variety of abiotic stresses, but little is known in studies of mangrove plants. Here, the effects of cold stress on various physiological changes and the role of the DEAD-box RNA helicase family in response to cold stress were determined. First, we identified 73 DEAD-box RNA helicase family members in L. littorea. Second, the evolutionary relationships between the DEAD family in L. littorea and the model species Arabidopsis thaliana were investigated by evolutionary phylogenetic analysis. Finally, qRT-PCR study of representative DEAD-box genes showed that DEAD-box genes played a major role in the low-temperature stress response of L. littorea. Furthermore, we found that LlDEAD48, LlDEAD36, and LlDEAD47 might be involved in the maintenance of chlorophyll function, and LlDEAD43 might play a role in the maintenance of mitochondrial function in L. littorea under cold stress.
{"title":"Comprehensive comparative analysis and expression profiles and effects on physiological response of DEAD-box RNA helicase genes in Lumnitzera littorea (Jack) Voigt under cold stress","authors":"Lulu Hao, Ying Zhang, Yin Li, Linxia Bai, Danfei Yue, Huiyu Zhang, Chun-ying Zheng","doi":"10.1080/17429145.2022.2074158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17429145.2022.2074158","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The DEAD-box family has been shown to play an important role in a variety of abiotic stresses, but little is known in studies of mangrove plants. Here, the effects of cold stress on various physiological changes and the role of the DEAD-box RNA helicase family in response to cold stress were determined. First, we identified 73 DEAD-box RNA helicase family members in L. littorea. Second, the evolutionary relationships between the DEAD family in L. littorea and the model species Arabidopsis thaliana were investigated by evolutionary phylogenetic analysis. Finally, qRT-PCR study of representative DEAD-box genes showed that DEAD-box genes played a major role in the low-temperature stress response of L. littorea. Furthermore, we found that LlDEAD48, LlDEAD36, and LlDEAD47 might be involved in the maintenance of chlorophyll function, and LlDEAD43 might play a role in the maintenance of mitochondrial function in L. littorea under cold stress.","PeriodicalId":16830,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Interactions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46301547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT Endophytic plant-growth-promoting bacteria help plants to cope with severe environmental stresses. A Klebsiella sp. strain San01 isolated from sweet potato roots exhibited diverse plant-growth-promoting activities, including indole acetic acid production, ammonia production, and phosphate solubilization. San01 inoculation significantly increased the growth characteristics of sweet potato. Moreover, the sweet potato inoculated with San01 resulted in the alleviation of drought and salinity stresses. In comparison with the non-inoculated plants, the wilting symptom and the inhibition of photochemical response were significantly diminished in San01-inoculated plants under stress conditions. In the presence of San01, the enhancement of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging ability and elevated activities of ascorbate peroxidase and superoxide dismutase were observed to combat the oxidative stress in sweet potato. Further investigation showed that the San01 inoculation enhanced the expression of the IbLEA gene in sweet potato under salinity and drought. These results confer a promising biotechnological approach through San01 interaction to develop stress-tolerant sweet potato plants.
{"title":"Endophytic Klebsiella sp. San01 promotes growth performance and induces salinity and drought tolerance in sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.)","authors":"Qing Li, Zhehong Huang, Caisheng Deng, K. Lin, Shumei Hua, Shi-Peng Chen","doi":"10.1080/17429145.2022.2077464","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17429145.2022.2077464","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Endophytic plant-growth-promoting bacteria help plants to cope with severe environmental stresses. A Klebsiella sp. strain San01 isolated from sweet potato roots exhibited diverse plant-growth-promoting activities, including indole acetic acid production, ammonia production, and phosphate solubilization. San01 inoculation significantly increased the growth characteristics of sweet potato. Moreover, the sweet potato inoculated with San01 resulted in the alleviation of drought and salinity stresses. In comparison with the non-inoculated plants, the wilting symptom and the inhibition of photochemical response were significantly diminished in San01-inoculated plants under stress conditions. In the presence of San01, the enhancement of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging ability and elevated activities of ascorbate peroxidase and superoxide dismutase were observed to combat the oxidative stress in sweet potato. Further investigation showed that the San01 inoculation enhanced the expression of the IbLEA gene in sweet potato under salinity and drought. These results confer a promising biotechnological approach through San01 interaction to develop stress-tolerant sweet potato plants.","PeriodicalId":16830,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Interactions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43717342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-23DOI: 10.1080/17429145.2022.2076940
Maryam Khan, Saman Taufiq, Irum Nauman, Norina Noor, Tooba Iqbal, H. Ali, R. Z. Paracha, Faiza Munir, A. Gul, Rabia Amir
ABSTRACT Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) harbors a plethora of flavonoids that impart its health-promoting properties. To understand its biosynthesis and accumulation, a comparative expression analysis of flavonoid biosynthetic genes encoding enzymes responsible for synthesizing the main structure of flavonoids has been conducted in two differentially performing peanut varieties (PG 1247 and Bari 2011) in response to photoperiod and water availability. Transcript profiling of flavonoid biosynthetic genes indicated time-dependent expression of genes except for AhFLS in selected varieties in response to photoperiod variation. Many genes depicted a low degree of variation within varieties and water-deficient treatments. However, AhANS showed the highest variation for stress duration and varieties. In conclusion, this study has characterized the role of flavonoid biosynthesis in peanuts in response to photoperiod and water availability. Moreover, correlation analysis unraveled the coordination among the expression of flavonoid biosynthetic genes.
{"title":"Photoperiod and water-deficient conditions differentially regulate structural flavonoid biosynthetic genes in peanuts","authors":"Maryam Khan, Saman Taufiq, Irum Nauman, Norina Noor, Tooba Iqbal, H. Ali, R. Z. Paracha, Faiza Munir, A. Gul, Rabia Amir","doi":"10.1080/17429145.2022.2076940","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17429145.2022.2076940","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) harbors a plethora of flavonoids that impart its health-promoting properties. To understand its biosynthesis and accumulation, a comparative expression analysis of flavonoid biosynthetic genes encoding enzymes responsible for synthesizing the main structure of flavonoids has been conducted in two differentially performing peanut varieties (PG 1247 and Bari 2011) in response to photoperiod and water availability. Transcript profiling of flavonoid biosynthetic genes indicated time-dependent expression of genes except for AhFLS in selected varieties in response to photoperiod variation. Many genes depicted a low degree of variation within varieties and water-deficient treatments. However, AhANS showed the highest variation for stress duration and varieties. In conclusion, this study has characterized the role of flavonoid biosynthesis in peanuts in response to photoperiod and water availability. Moreover, correlation analysis unraveled the coordination among the expression of flavonoid biosynthetic genes.","PeriodicalId":16830,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Interactions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47343644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-23DOI: 10.1080/17429145.2022.2065371
Anamika Sharma, A. Raman
ABSTRACT The Psylloidea, >4000 named species known today, are plant-feeding, sap-sucking insects sleeved under the Sternorrhyncha. Most species of Psylloidea are confined to the tropics. They occur as gall-inducing, free-living, and lerp-forming taxa. Lifecycles and generations of gall-inducing Psylloidea vary in temperate and tropical worlds. The Triozidae, Aphalaridae, and Calophyidae include several taxa that induce galls of diverse morphologies, from simple pits and leaf-margin rolls to complex pouches and of two-tier structures. The feeding mechanism and nutritional physiology of the gall-inducing taxa of the Psylloidea differ from those of the free-living and lerp-forming species. A majority of the gall-inducing Psylloidea are associated with the dicotyledons and a small number with the monocotyledons. The gall-inducing Psylloidea are specific to certain plants. Their host specificity is regulated by specific lipids and sterols. The gall-inducing Psylloidea show conservative behavior in terms of geographical distribution. Although the life histories of several gall-inducing Psylloidea are known today, aspects explaining their association with host plants are little known. Details of nutritional physiology of gall-inducing Psylloidea are less known presently compared with that of the free-living species. A better understanding of the association and level of relationship between gall-inducing Psylloidea and their host plants is necessary.
{"title":"Gall-inducing Psylloidea (Insecta: Hemiptera) – plant interactions","authors":"Anamika Sharma, A. Raman","doi":"10.1080/17429145.2022.2065371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17429145.2022.2065371","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The Psylloidea, >4000 named species known today, are plant-feeding, sap-sucking insects sleeved under the Sternorrhyncha. Most species of Psylloidea are confined to the tropics. They occur as gall-inducing, free-living, and lerp-forming taxa. Lifecycles and generations of gall-inducing Psylloidea vary in temperate and tropical worlds. The Triozidae, Aphalaridae, and Calophyidae include several taxa that induce galls of diverse morphologies, from simple pits and leaf-margin rolls to complex pouches and of two-tier structures. The feeding mechanism and nutritional physiology of the gall-inducing taxa of the Psylloidea differ from those of the free-living and lerp-forming species. A majority of the gall-inducing Psylloidea are associated with the dicotyledons and a small number with the monocotyledons. The gall-inducing Psylloidea are specific to certain plants. Their host specificity is regulated by specific lipids and sterols. The gall-inducing Psylloidea show conservative behavior in terms of geographical distribution. Although the life histories of several gall-inducing Psylloidea are known today, aspects explaining their association with host plants are little known. Details of nutritional physiology of gall-inducing Psylloidea are less known presently compared with that of the free-living species. A better understanding of the association and level of relationship between gall-inducing Psylloidea and their host plants is necessary.","PeriodicalId":16830,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Interactions","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47538934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-16DOI: 10.1080/17429145.2022.2072528
Anna Maria Aprile, M. Coppola, David Turrà, S. Vitale, P. Cascone, G. Diretto, A. Fiore, Valeria Castaldi, A. Romanelli, C. Avitabile, E. Guerrieri, S. Woo, R. Rao
ABSTRACT Trichoderma spp. are among the most widely used plant beneficial fungi in agriculture. Its interaction with the plant triggers resistance responses by the activation of Induced Systemic Resistance mediated by Jasmonic acid and Ethylene and/or Systemic Acquired Resistance, which involves Salicylic acid, with the consequent control of a wide range of plant parasites. However, the benefit they can confer to plants may be reduced or nullified by environmental conditions or fungal ecological fitness. A novel approach to enhance their effectiveness in plant defense is to combine them with bioactive molecules including plant-derived compounds. Here, we show that plant treatment with Trichoderma afroharzianum (strain T22) and Systemin, a tomato peptide active in triggering plant defense, confers protection against the fungal pathogens Fusarium oxysporum, Botrytis cinerea and the insect pest Tuta absoluta. The observed defensive response was associated with an increase of Jasmonic acid and related metabolites and a decrease of Salicylic acid.
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